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1. Constraints on Triton atmospheric evolution from occultations: 1989-2022

Author

Sicardy, B., Tej, A., Gomes-Junior, A. R., Romanov, F. D., Bertrand, T., Ashok, N. M., Lellouch, E., Morgado, B. E., Assafin, M., Desmars, J., Camargo, J. I. B., Kilic, Y., Ortiz, J. L., Vieira-Martins, R., Braga-Ribas, F., Ninan, J. P., Bhatt, B. C., Kumar, S. Pramod, Swain, V., Sharma, S., Saha, A., Ojha, D. K., Pawar, G., Deshmukh, S., Deshpande, A., Ganesh, S., Jain, J. K., Mathew, S. K., Kumar, H., Bhalerao, V., Anupama, G. C., Barway, S., Brandeker, A., Floren, H. G., Olofsson, G., Bruno, G., Mao, Y. M., Ye, R. H., Zou, Q. Y., Sun, Y. K., Shen, Y. Y., Zhao, J. Y., Grishin, D. N., Romanova, L. V., Marchis, F., Fukui, K., Kukita, R., Benedetti-Rossi, G., Santos-Sanz, P., Dhyani, N., Gokhale, A., and Kate, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Context - Around the year 2000, Triton's south pole experienced an extreme summer solstice that occurs every about 650 years, when the subsolar latitude reached about 50{\deg}. Bracketing this epoch, a few occultations probed Triton's atmosphere in 1989, 1995, 1997, 2008 and 2017. A recent ground-based stellar occultation observed on 6 October 2022 provides a new measurement of Triton's atmospheric pressure which is presented here. Aims- The goal is to constrain the Volatile Transport Models (VTMs) of Triton's atmosphere that is basically in vapor pressure equilibrium with the nitrogen ice at its surface. Methods - Fits to the occultation light curves yield Triton's atmospheric pressure at the reference radius 1400 km, from which the surface pressure is induced. Results - The fits provide a pressure p_1400= 1.211 +/- 0.039 microbar at radius 1400 km (47 km altitude), from which a surface pressure of p_surf= 14.54 +/- 0.47 microbar is induced (1-sigma error bars). To within error bars, this is identical to the pressure derived from the previous occultation of 5 October 2017, p_1400 = 1.18 +/- 0.03 microbar and p_surf= 14.1 +/- 0.4 microbar, respectively. Based on recent models of Triton's volatile cycles, the overall evolution over the last 30 years of the surface pressure is consistent with N2 condensation taking place in the northern hemisphere. However, models typically predict a steady decrease in surface pressure for the period 2005-2060, which is not confirmed by this observation. Complex surface-atmosphere interactions, such as ice albedo runaway and formation of local N2 frosts in the equatorial regions of Triton could explain the relatively constant pressure between 2017 and 2022., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

Published
2024

3. Scaling slowly rotating asteroids by stellar occultations

Author

Marciniak, A., Ďurech, J., Choukroun, A., Hanuš, J., Ogłoza, W., Szakáts, R., Molnár, L., Pál, A., Monteiro, F., Frappa, E., Beisker, W., Pavlov, H., Moore, J., Adomavičienė, R., Aikawa, R., Andersson, S., Antonini, P., Argentin, Y., Asai, A., Assoignon, P., Barton, J., Baruffetti, P., Bath, K. L., Behrend, R., Benedyktowicz, L., Bernasconi, L., Biguet, G., Billiani, M., Błażewicz, D., Boninsegna, R., Borkowski, M., Bosch, J., Brazill, S., Bronikowska, M., Bruno, A., Bąk, M. Butkiewicz, Caron, J., Casalnuovo, G., Castellani, J. J., Ceravolo, P., Conjat, M., Delincak, P., Delpau, J., Demeautis, C., Demirkol, A., Dróżdż, M., Duffard, R., Durandet, C., Eisfeldt, D., Evangelista, M., Fauvaud, S., Fauvaud, M., Ferrais, M., Filipek, M., Fini, P., Fukui, K., Gährken, B., Geier, S., George, T., Goffin, B., Golonka, J., Goto, T., Grice, J., Guhl, K., Halíř, K., Hanna, W., Harman, M., Hashimoto, A., Hasubick, W., Higgins, D., Higuchi, M., Hirose, T., Hirsch, R., Hofschulz, O., Horaguchi, T., Horbowicz, J., Ida, M., Ignácz, B., Ishida, M., Isobe, K., Jehin, E., Joachimczyk, B., Jones, A., Juan, J., Kamiński, K., Kamińska, M. K., Kankiewicz, P., Kasebe, H., Kattentidt, B., Kim, D. -H., Kim, M. -J., Kitazaki, K., Klotz, A., Komraus, M., Konstanciak, I., Tóth, R. Könyves, Kouno, K., Kowald, E., Krajewski, J., Krannich, G., Kreutzer, A., Kryszczyńska, A., Kubánek, J., Kudak, V., Kugel, F., Kukita, R., Kulczak, P., Lazzaro, D., Licandro, J., Livet, F., Maley, P., Manago, N., Mánek, J., Manna, A., Matsushita, H., Meister, S., Mesquita, W., Messner, S., Michelet, J., Michimani, J., Mieczkowska, I., Morales, N., Motyliński, M., Murawiecka, M., Newman, J., Nikitin, V., Nishimura, M., Oey, J., Oszkiewicz, D., Owada, M., Pakštienė, E., Pawłowski, M., Pereira, W., Perig, V., Perła, J., Pilcher, F., Podlewska-Gaca, E., Polák, J., Polakis, T., Polińska, M., Popowicz, A., Richard, F., Rives, J. J., Rodrigues, T., Rogiński, Ł., Rondón, E., Rottenborn, M., Schäfer, R., Schnabel, C., Schreurs, O., Selva, A., Simon, M., Skiff, B., Skrutskie, M., Skrzypek, J., Sobkowiak, K., Sonbas, E., Sposetti, S., Stuart, P., Szyszka, K., Terakubo, K., Thomas, W., Trela, P., Uchiyama, S., Urbanik, M., Vaudescal, G., Venable, R., Watanabe, Ha., Watanabe, Hi., Winiarski, M., Wróblewski, R., Yamamura, H., Yamashita, M., Yoshihara, H., Zawilski, M., Zelený, P., Żejmo, M., Żukowski, K., and Żywica, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

As evidenced by recent survey results, majority of asteroids are slow rotators (P>12 h), but lack spin and shape models due to selection bias. This bias is skewing our overall understanding of the spins, shapes, and sizes of asteroids, as well as of their other properties. Also, diameter determinations for large (>60km) and medium-sized asteroids (between 30 and 60 km) often vary by over 30% for multiple reasons. Our long-term project is focused on a few tens of slow rotators with periods of up to 60 hours. We aim to obtain their full light curves and reconstruct their spins and shapes. We also precisely scale the models, typically with an accuracy of a few percent. We used wide sets of dense light curves for spin and shape reconstructions via light-curve inversion. Precisely scaling them with thermal data was not possible here because of poor infrared data: large bodies are too bright for WISE mission. Therefore, we recently launched a campaign among stellar occultation observers, to scale these models and to verify the shape solutions, often allowing us to break the mirror pole ambiguity. The presented scheme resulted in shape models for 16 slow rotators, most of them for the first time. Fitting them to stellar occultations resolved previous inconsistencies in size determinations. For around half of the targets, this fitting also allowed us to identify a clearly preferred pole solution, thus removing the ambiguity inherent to light-curve inversion. We also address the influence of the uncertainty of the shape models on the derived diameters. Overall, our project has already provided reliable models for around 50 slow rotators. Such well-determined and scaled asteroid shapes will, e.g. constitute a solid basis for density determinations when coupled with mass information. Spin and shape models continue to fill the gaps caused by various biases., Comment: Accepted to Astronomy & Astrophysics. 12 pages + appendices

Published
2023
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4. Citizen Science Astronomy with a Network of Small Telescope: The Launch and Deployment of JWST

Author

Lambert, R. A., Marchis, F., Asencio, J., Blaclard, G., Sgro, L. A., Giorgini, J. D., Plavchan, P., White, T., Verveen, A., Goto, T., Kuossari, P., Sethu, N., Loose, M. A., Will, S., Sibbernsen, K., Pickering, J. W., Randolph, J., Fukui, K., Huet, P., Guillet, B., Clerget, O., Stahl, S., Yoblonsky, N., Lauvernier, M., Matsumura, T., Yamato, M., Laugier, J. M., Brodt-Vilain, O., Espudo, A., Kukita, R., Iida, S., Kardel, S., Green, D., Tikkanen, P., Douvas, A., Billiani, M., Knight, G., Ryno, M., Simard, G., Knight, R., Primm, M., Wildhagen, B., Poncet, J., Frachon, T., Shimizu, M., Jackson, A., Parker, B., Redfern, G., Nikiforov, P., Friday, E., Lincoln, K., Sweitzer, J., Mitsuoka, R., Cabral, K., Katterfeld, A., and Fairfax, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a coordinated campaign of observations to monitor the brightness of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) as it travels toward the second Earth-Sun Lagrange point and unfolds using the network ofUnistellar digital telescopes. Those observations collected by citizen astronomers across the world allowed us to detect specific phases such as the separation from the booster, glare due to a change of orientation after a maneuver, the unfurling of the sunshield, and deployment of the primary mirror. After deployment of the sunshield on January 6 2022, the 6-h lightcurve has a significant amplitude and shows small variations due to the artificial rotation of the space telescope during commissionning. These variations could be due to the deployment of the primary mirror or some changes in orientation of the space telescope. This work illustrates the power of a worldwide array of small telescopes, operated by citizen astronomers, to conduct large scientific campaigns over a long timeframe. In the future, our network and others will continue to monitor JWST to detect potential degradations to the space environment by comparing the evolution of the lightcurve., Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures and 2 tables, SPIE Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes IX, AS22 SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 12182-144

Published
2022

7. A Retrospective Claims Database Study to Clarify Disease Burden of Severe Asthma Patients with Type 2 High or Low Inflammation

Author

Harada N, Makita N, Fukui K, Nishida K, Oneda K, and Tashiro N

Subjects
phenotype, disease exacerbation, treatment, japan, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Norihiro Harada,1 Naoyuki Makita,2 Kenya Fukui,2 Kenichiro Nishida,2 Kaori Oneda,2 Naoki Tashiro2 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 2AstraZeneca K.K., Osaka, JapanCorrespondence: Norihiro Harada, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan, Tel +81 3-3813-3111, Fax +81 3-5802-1617, Email nor@juntendo.ac.jpPurpose: The disease burden of severe asthma patients stratified by type 2 (T2) biomarkers is not well studied in large patient samples, especially for T2-low severe asthma patients. Using a Japanese medical record database, we investigated disease and economic burdens in T2-high and T2-low severe asthma patients.Patients and Methods: Data of severe asthma patients (receiving high-dose inhaled corticosteroids and additional asthma-related controller medications or oral corticosteroids [OCS] prescription [≥ 183 days] during the 1-year baseline period) were analyzed in the Real World Data database, comprising electronic medical records from Japanese medical institutions. Severe asthma patients were stratified into a T2-high population with higher eosinophils (≥ 150 cells/μL) and/or higher total immunoglobulin E (IgE, ≥ 75 IU/mL) or a T2-low population with lower eosinophils (< 150 cells/μL) and lower total IgE (< 75 IU/mL). The incidence of asthma exacerbation events and drug costs were analyzed for each population. Different T2 thresholds were explored, including eosinophil count 300 cells/μL and/or IgE 150 IU/mL.Results: Of the 732 severe asthma patients, 599 (81.8%) patients had T2-high type, and 133 (18.2%) had T2-low type. Proportions of the T2-high patients (30.6%) with asthma exacerbations, defined as a composite outcome, including OCS burst, injectable steroid use, and hospitalization, were similar to those of T2-low type (34.6%). The annual drug cost was similar between T2-high (175,487 JPY) and T2-low (165,322 JPY) populations.Conclusion: In this large-scale study, both T2-high and T2-low severe asthma patients in Japan were shown to have a high disease burden and high economic burden, suggesting an unmet treatment need.Keywords: phenotype, disease exacerbation, treatment, Japan

Published
2023

10. Empagliflozin in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in addition to background therapies and therapeutic combinations (EMPEROR-Reduced): a post-hoc analysis of a randomised, double-blind trial

Author

Packer, M, Anker, S, Butler, J, Filippatos, G, Pocock, S, Zannad, F, Ferreira, JP, Brueckmann, M, George, J, Jamal, W, Welty, FK, Palmer, M, Clayton, T, Parhofer, KG, Pedersen, TR, Greenberg, B, Konstam, MA, Lees, KR, Carson, P, Doehner, W, Miller, A, Haas, M, Pehrson, S, Komajda, M, Anand, I, Teerlink, J, Rabinstein, A, Steiner, T, Kamel, H, Tsivgoulis, G, Lewis, J, Freston, J, Kaplowitz, N, Mann, J, Petrie, J, Perrone, S, Nicholls, S, Janssens, S, Bocchi, E, Giannetti, N, Verma, S, Zhang, J, Spinar, J, Seronde, M-F, Boehm, M, Merkely, B, Chopra, V, Senni, M, Taddi, S, Tsutsui, H, Choi, D-J, Chuquiure, E, La Rocca, HPB, Ponikowski, P, Juanatey, JRG, Squire, I, Januzzi, J, Pina, I, Bernstein, R, Cheung, A, Green, J, Kaul, S, Lam, C, Lip, G, Marx, N, McCullough, P, Mehta, C, Rosenstock, J, Sattar, N, Scirica, B, Shah, S, Wanner, C, Aizenberg, D, Cartasegna, L, Colombo Berra, F, Colombo, H, Fernandez Moutin, M, Glenny, J, Alvarez Lorio, C, Anauch, D, Campos, R, Facta, A, Fernandez, A, Ahuad Guerrero, R, Lobo Márquez, L, Leon de la Fuente, RA, Mansilla, M, Hominal, M, Hasbani, E, Najenson, M, Moises Azize, G, Luquez, H, Guzman, L, Sessa, H, Amuchástegui, M, Salomone, O, Perna, E, Piskorz, D, Sicer, M, Perez de Arenaza, D, Zaidman, C, Nani, S, Poy, C, Resk, J, Villarreal, R, Majul, C, Smith Casabella, T, Sassone, S, Liberman, A, Carnero, G, Caccavo, A, Berli, M, Budassi, N, Bono, J, Alvarisqueta, A, Amerena, J, Kostner, K, Hamilton, A, Begg, A, Beltrame, J, Colquhoun, D, Gordon, G, Sverdlov, A, Vaddadi, G, Wong, J, Coller, J, Prior, D, Friart, A, Leone, A, Vervoort, G, Timmermans, P, Troisfontaines, P, Franssen, C, Sarens, T, Vandekerckhove, H, Van De Borne, P, Chenot, F, De Sutter, J, De Vuyst, E, Debonnaire, P, Dupont, M, Pereira Dutra, O, Canani, LH, Vieira Moreira, MdC, de Souza, W, Backes, LM, Maia, L, De Souza Paolino, B, Manenti, ER, Saporito, W, Villaça Guimarães Filho, F, Franco Hirakawa, T, Saliba, LA, Neuenschwander, FC, de Freitas Zerbini, CA, Gonçalves, G, Gonçalves Mello, Y, Ascenção de Souza, J, Beck da Silva Neto, L, Bocchi, EA, Da Silveira, J, de Moura Xavier Moraes Junior, JB, de Souza Neto, JD, Hernandes, M, Finimundi, HC, Sampaio, CR, Vasconcellos, E, Neves Mancuso, FJ, Noya Rabelo, MM, Rodrigues Bacci, M, Santos, F, Vidotti, M, Simões, MV, Gomes, FL, Vieira Nascimento, C, Precoma, D, Helfenstein Fonseca, FA, Ribas Fortes, JA, Leães, PE, Campos de Albuquerque, D, Kerr Saraiva, JF, Rassi, S, Alves da Costa, FA, Reis, G, Zieroth, S, Dion, D, Savard, D, Bourgeois, R, Constance, C, Anderson, K, Leblanc, M-H, Yung, D, Swiggum, E, Pliamm, L, Pesant, Y, Tyrrell, B, Huynh, T, Spiegelman, J, Lavoie, J-P, Hartleib, M, Bhargava, R, Straatman, L, Virani, S, Costa-Vitali, A, Hill, L, Heffernan, M, Khaykin, Y, Ricci, J, Senaratne, M, Zhai, A, Lubelsky, B, Toma, M, Yao, L, McKelvie, R, Noronha, L, Babapulle, M, Pandey, A, Curnew, G, Lavoie, A, Berlingieri, J, Kouz, S, Lonn, E, Chehayeb, R, Zheng, Y, Sun, Y, Cui, H, Fan, Z, Han, X, Jiang, X, Tang, Q, Zhou, J, Zheng, Z, Zhang, X, Zhang, N, Zhang, Y, Shen, A, Yu, J, Ye, J, Yao, Y, Yan, J, Xu, X, Wang, Z, Ma, J, Li, Y, Li, S, Lu, S, Kong, X, Song, Y, Yang, G, Yao, Z, Pan, Y, Guo, X, Sun, Z, Dong, Y, Zhu, J, Peng, D, Yuan, Z, Lin, J, Yin, Y, Jerabek, O, Burianova, H, Fiala, T, Hubac, J, Ludka, O, Monhart, Z, Vodnansky, P, Zeman, K, Foldyna, D, Krupicka, J, Podpera, I, Busak, L, Radvan, M, Vomacka, Z, Prosecky, R, Cifkova, R, Durdil, V, Vesely, J, Vaclavik, J, Cervinka, P, Linhart, A, Brabec, T, Miklik, R, Bourhaial, H, Olbrich, H-G, Genth-Zotz, S, Kemala, E, Lemke, B, Böhm, M, Schellong, S, Rieker, W, Heitzer, T, Ince, H, Faghih, M, Birkenfeld, A, Begemann, A, Ghanem, A, Ujeyl, A, von Haehling, S, Dorsel, T, Bauersachs, J, Prull, M, Weidemann, F, Darius, H, Nickenig, G, Wilke, A, Sauter, J, Rauch-Kroehnert, U, Frey, N, Schulze, CP, König, W, Maier, L, Menzel, F, Proskynitopoulos, N, Ebert, H-H, Sarnighausen, H-E, Düngen, H-D, Licka, M, Stellbrink, C, Winkelmann, B, Menck, N, López-Sendón, JL, de la Fuente Galán, L, Delgado Jiménez, JF, Manito Lorite, N, Pérez de Juan Romero, M, Galve Basilio, E, Cereto Castro, F, González Juanatey, JR, Gómez, JJ, Sanmartín Fernández, M, Garcia-Moll Marimon, X, Pascual Figal, D, Bover Freire, R, Bonnefoy Cudraz, E, Jobbe Duval, A, Tomasevic, D, Habib, G, Isnard, R, Picard, F, Khanoyan, P, Dubois-Rande, J-L, Galinier, M, Roubille, F, Alexandre, J, Babuty, D, Delarche, N, Berneau, J-B, Girerd, N, Saxena, M, Rosano, G, Yousef, Z, Clifford, C, Arden, C, Bakhai, A, Boos, C, Jenkins, G, Travill, C, Price, D, Koenyves, L, Lakatos, F, Matoltsy, A, Noori, E, Zilahi, Z, Andrassy, P, Kancz, S, Simon, G, Sydo, T, Vorobcsuk, A, Kiss, RG, Toth, K, Szakal, I, Nagy, L, Barany, T, Nagy, A, Szolnoki, E, Chopra, VK, Mandal, S, Rastogi, V, Shah, B, Mullasari, A, Shankar, J, Mehta, V, Oomman, A, Kaul, U, Komarlu, S, Kahali, D, Bhagwat, A, Vijan, V, Ghaisas, NK, Mehta, A, Kashyap, J, Kothari, Y, TaddeI, S, Scherillo, M, Zacà, V, Genovese, S, Salvioni, A, Fucili, A, Fedele, F, Cosmi, F, Volpe, M, Mazzone, C, Esposito, G, Doi, M, Yamamoto, H, Sakagami, S, Oishi, S, Yasaka, Y, Tsuboi, H, Fujino, Y, Matsuoka, S, Watanabe, Y, Himi, T, Ide, T, Ichikawa, M, Kijima, Y, Koga, T, Yuda, S, Fukui, K, Kubota, T, Manita, M, Fujinaga, H, Matsumura, T, Fukumoto, Y, Kato, R, Kawai, Y, Hiasa, G, Kazatani, Y, Mori, M, Ogimoto, A, Inoko, M, Oguri, M, Kinoshita, M, Okuhara, K, Watanabe, N, Ono, Y, Otomo, K, Sato, Y, Matsunaga, T, Takaishi, A, Miyagi, N, Uehara, H, Takaishi, H, Urata, H, Kataoka, T, Matsubara, H, Matsumoto, T, Suzuki, T, Takahashi, N, Imamaki, M, Yoshitama, T, Saito, T, Sekino, H, Furutani, Y, Koda, M, Shinozaki, T, Hirabayashi, K, Tsunoda, R, Yonezawa, K, Hori, H, Yagi, M, Arikawa, M, Hashizume, T, Ishiki, R, Koizumi, T, Nakayama, K, Taguchi, S, Nanasato, M, Yoshida, Y, Tsujiyama, S, Nakamura, T, Oku, K, Shimizu, M, Suwa, M, Momiyama, Y, Sugiyama, H, Kobayashi, K, Inoue, S, Kadokami, T, Maeno, K, Kawamitsu, K, Maruyama, Y, Nakata, A, Shibata, T, Wada, A, Cho, H-J, Na, JO, Yoo, B-S, Choi, J-O, Hong, SK, Shin, J-H, Cho, M-C, Han, SH, Jeong, J-O, Kim, J-J, Kang, SM, Kim, D-S, Kim, MH, Llamas Esperon, G, Illescas Díaz, J, Fajardo Campos, P, Almeida Alvarado, J, Bazzoni Ruiz, A, Echeverri Rico, J, Lopez Alcocer, I, Valle Molina, L, Hernandez Herrera, C, Calvo Vargas, C, Padilla Padilla, FG, Rodriguez Briones, I, Chuquiure Valenzuela, EJJR, Aguilera Real, ME, Carrillo Calvillo, J, Alpizar Salazar, M, Cervantes Escárcega, JL, Velasco Sanchez, R, Al - Windy, N, van Heerebeek, L, Bellersen, L, Brunner-La Rocca, H-P, Post, J, Linssen, GCM, van de Wetering, M, Peters, R, van Stralen, R, Groutars, R, Smits, P, Yilmaz, A, Kok, WEM, Van der Meer, P, Dijkmans, P, Troquay, R, van Alem, AP, Van de Wal, R, Handoko, L, Westendorp, ICD, van Bergen, PFMM, Rensing, BJWM, Hoogslag, P, Kietselaer, B, Kragten, JA, den Hartog, FR, Alings, A, Danilowicz-Szymanowicz, L, Raczak, G, Piesiewicz, W, Zmuda, W, Kus, W, Podolec, P, Musial, W, Drelich, G, Kania, G, Miekus, P, Mazur, S, Janik, A, Spyra, J, Peruga, J, Balsam, P, Krakowiak, B, Szachniewicz, J, Ginel, M, Grzybowski, J, Chrustowski, W, Wojewoda, P, Kalinka, A, Zurakowski, A, Koc, R, Debinski, M, Fil, W, Kujawiak, M, Forys, J, Kasprzak, M, Krol, M, Michalski, P, Mirek-Bryniarska, E, Radwan, K, Skonieczny, G, Stania, K, Skoczylas, G, Madej, A, Jurowiecki, J, Firek, B, Wozakowska-Kaplon, B, Cymerman, K, Neutel, J, Adams, K, Balfour, P, Deswal, A, Djamson, A, Duncan, P, Hong, M, Murray, C, Rinde-Hoffman, D, Woodhouse, S, MacNevin, R, Rama, B, Broome-Webster, C, Kindsvater, S, Abramov, D, Barettella, M, Pinney, S, Herre, J, Cohen, A, Vora, K, Challappa, K, West, S, Baum, S, Cox, J, Jani, S, Karim, A, Akhtar, A, Quintana, O, Paukman, L, Goldberg, R, Bhatti, Z, Budoff, M, Bush, E, Potler, A, Delgado, R, Ellis, B, Dy, J, Fialkow, J, Sangrigoli, R, Ferdinand, K, East, C, Falkowski, S, Donahoe, S, Ebrahimi, R, Kline, G, Harris, B, Khouzam, R, Jaffrani, N, Jarmukli, N, Kazemi, N, Koren, M, Friedman, K, Herzog, W, Silva Enciso, J, Cheung, D, Grover-McKay, M, Hauptman, P, Mikhalkova, D, Hegde, V, Hodsden, J, Khouri, S, McGrew, F, Littlefield, R, Bradley, P, McLaurin, B, Lupovitch, S, Labin, I, Rao, V, Leithe, M, Lesko, M, Lewis, N, Lombardo, D, Mahal, S, Malhotra, V, Dauber, I, Banerjee, A, Needell, J, Miller, G, Paladino, L, Munuswamy, K, Nanna, M, McMillan, E, Mumma, M, Napoli, M, Nelson, W, O'Brien, T, Adlakha, A, Onwuanyi, A, Serota, H, Schmedtje, J, Paraschos, A, Potu, R, Sai-Sudhakar, C, Saltzberg, M, Sauer, A, Shah, P, Skopicki, H, Bui, H, Carr, K, Stevens, G, Tahirkheli, N, Tallaj, J, Yousuf, K, Trichon, B, Welker, J, Tolerico, P, Vest, A, Vivo, R, Wang, X, Abadier, R, Dunlap, S, Weintraub, N, Malik, A, Kotha, P, Zaha, V, Kim, G, Uriel, N, Greene, T, Salacata, A, Arora, R, Gazmuri, R, Kobayashi, J, Iteld, B, Vijayakrishnan, R, Dab, R, Mirza, Z, Marques, V, Nallasivan, M, Bensimhon, D, Peart, B, Saint-Jacques, H, Barringhaus, K, Contreras, J, Gupta, A, Koneru, S, Nguyen, V, Verma, Subodh, Dhingra, Nitish K, Butler, Javed, Anker, Stefan D, Ferreira, Joao Pedro, Filippatos, Gerasimos, Januzzi, James L, Lam, Carolyn S P, Sattar, Naveed, Peil, Barbara, Nordaby, Matias, Brueckmann, Martina, Pocock, Stuart J, Zannad, Faiez, and Packer, Milton

Published
2022
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17. Scaling slowly rotating asteroids with stellar occultations

Author

Marciniak, A., primary, Ďurech, J., additional, Choukroun, A., additional, Hanuš, J., additional, Ogłoza, W., additional, Szakáts, R., additional, Molnár, L., additional, Pál, A., additional, Monteiro, F., additional, Frappa, E., additional, Beisker, W., additional, Pavlov, H., additional, Moore, J., additional, Adomavičienė, R., additional, Aikawa, R., additional, Andersson, S., additional, Antonini, P., additional, Argentin, Y., additional, Asai, A., additional, Assoignon, P., additional, Barton, J., additional, Baruffetti, P., additional, Bath, K. L., additional, Behrend, R., additional, Benedyktowicz, L., additional, Bernasconi, L., additional, Biguet, G., additional, Billiani, M., additional, Błażewicz, D., additional, Boninsegna, R., additional, Borkowski, M., additional, Bosch, J., additional, Brazill, S., additional, Bronikowska, M., additional, Bruno, A., additional, Butkiewicz-Bąk, M., additional, Caron, J., additional, Casalnuovo, G., additional, Castellani, J. J., additional, Ceravolo, P., additional, Conjat, M., additional, Delincak, P., additional, Delpau, J., additional, Demeautis, C., additional, Demirkol, A., additional, Dróżdż, M., additional, Duffard, R., additional, Durandet, C., additional, Eisfeldt, D., additional, Evangelista, M., additional, Fauvaud, S., additional, Fauvaud, M., additional, Ferrais, M., additional, Filipek, M., additional, Fini, P., additional, Fukui, K., additional, Gährken, B., additional, Geier, S., additional, George, T., additional, Goffin, B., additional, Golonka, J., additional, Goto, T., additional, Grice, J., additional, Guhl, K., additional, Halíř, K., additional, Hanna, W., additional, Harman, M., additional, Hashimoto, A., additional, Hasubick, W., additional, Higgins, D., additional, Higuchi, M., additional, Hirose, T., additional, Hirsch, R., additional, Hofschulz, O., additional, Horaguchi, T., additional, Horbowicz, J., additional, Ida, M., additional, Ignácz, B., additional, Ishida, M., additional, Isobe, K., additional, Jehin, E., additional, Joachimczyk, B., additional, Jones, A., additional, Juan, J., additional, Kamiński, K., additional, Kamińska, M. K., additional, Kankiewicz, P., additional, Kasebe, H., additional, Kattentidt, B., additional, Kim, D.-H., additional, Kim, M.-J., additional, Kitazaki, K., additional, Klotz, A., additional, Komraus, M., additional, Konstanciak, I., additional, Könyves-Tóth, R., additional, Kouno, K., additional, Kowald, E., additional, Krajewski, J., additional, Krannich, G., additional, Kreutzer, A., additional, Kryszczyńska, A., additional, Kubánek, J., additional, Kudak, V., additional, Kugel, F., additional, Kukita, R., additional, Kulczak, P., additional, Lazzaro, D., additional, Licandro, J., additional, Livet, F., additional, Maley, P., additional, Manago, N., additional, Mánek, J., additional, Manna, A., additional, Matsushita, H., additional, Meister, S., additional, Mesquita, W., additional, Messner, S., additional, Michelet, J., additional, Michimani, J., additional, Mieczkowska, I., additional, Morales, N., additional, Motyliński, M., additional, Murawiecka, M., additional, Newman, J., additional, Nikitin, V., additional, Nishimura, M., additional, Oey, J., additional, Oszkiewicz, D., additional, Owada, M., additional, Pakštienė, E., additional, Pawłowski, M., additional, Pereira, W., additional, Perig, V., additional, Perła, J., additional, Pilcher, F., additional, Podlewska-Gaca, E., additional, Polák, J., additional, Polakis, T., additional, Polińska, M., additional, Popowicz, A., additional, Richard, F., additional, Rives, J. J, additional, Rodrigues, T., additional, Rogiński, Ł., additional, Rondón, E., additional, Rottenborn, M., additional, Schäfer, R., additional, Schnabel, C., additional, Schreurs, O., additional, Selva, A., additional, Simon, M., additional, Skiff, B., additional, Skrutskie, M., additional, Skrzypek, J., additional, Sobkowiak, K., additional, Sonbas, E., additional, Sposetti, S., additional, Stuart, P., additional, Szyszka, K., additional, Terakubo, K., additional, Thomas, W., additional, Trela, P., additional, Uchiyama, S., additional, Urbanik, M., additional, Vaudescal, G., additional, Venable, R., additional, Watanabe, Ha., additional, Watanabe, Hi., additional, Winiarski, M., additional, Wróblewski, R., additional, Yamamura, H., additional, Yamashita, M., additional, Yoshihara, H., additional, Zawilski, M., additional, Zelený, P., additional, Żejmo, M., additional, Żukowski, K., additional, and Żywica, S., additional

Published
2023
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18. Photogenerated Carriers in SrTiO3 Probed by Mid-Infrared Absorption

Author

Okamura, H., Matsubara, M., Tanaka, K., Fukui, K., Nakagawa, H., Ikemoto, Y., Moriwaki, T., Kimura, H., and Nanba, T.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter
Abstract

Infrared absorption spectra of SrTiO$_3$ have been measured under above-band-gap photoexcitations to study the properties of photogenerated carriers, which should play important roles in previously reported photoinduced phenomena in SrTiO$_3$. A broad absorption band appears over the entire mid-infrared region under photoexcitation. Detailed energy, temperature, and excitation power dependences of the photoinduced absorption are reported. This photo-induced absorption is attributed to the intragap excitations of the photogenerated carriers. The data show the existence of a high density of in-gap states for the photocarriers, which extends over a wide energy range starting from the conduction and valence band edges., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jpn

Published
2005
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22. Magnetic circular dichroism of x-ray absorption spectroscopy at rare-earth L2,3 edges in RE2Fe14B compounds (RE = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu)

Author

Fukui, K., Ogasawara, H., Kotani, A., Harada, I., Maruyama, H., Kawamura, N., Kobayashi, K., Chaboy, J., and Marcelli, A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) in the x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the L2,3 edges for almost entire series of rare-earth (RE) elements in RE2Fe14B, is studied experimentally and theoretically. By a quantitative comparison of the complicated MCD spectral shapes, we find that (i) the 4f-5d intra-atomic exchange interaction not only induces the spin and orbital polarization of the 5d states, which is vital for the MCD spectra of the electric dipole transition from the 2p core states to the empty 5d conduction band, but also it accompanies a contraction of the radial part of the 5d wave function depending on its spin and orbital state, which results in the enhancement of the 2p-5d dipole matrix element, (ii) there are cases where the spin polarization of the 5d states due to the hybridization with the spin polarized 3d states of surrounding irons plays important roles, and (iii) the electric quadrupole transition from the 2p core states to the magnetic vale! nce 4f states is appreciable at the pre-edge region of the dipole spectrum. Especially, our results evidence that it is important to include the enhancement effect of the dipole matrix element in the correct interpretation of the MCD spectra at the RE L2,3 edges., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, REVTeX

Published
2000
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26. Review of theoretical, experimental, and numerical studies on rotary percussive rock drilling.

Author

Hashiba, K. and Fukui, K.

Subjects
*STRESS waves, *THEORY of wave motion, *RESEARCH personnel, *MINING engineering, *CIVIL engineers, *CIVIL engineering, *DRILLING & boring
Abstract

Rotary percussion rock drills have been widely used in mining and civil engineering fields, and their performance needs to be further improved. To deeply understand the mechanisms of the rock drills, this article reviews the previous studies from fundamental theories to state-of-the-art techniques on the rotary percussive rock drilling processes, including stress wave propagation, dynamic bit penetration, and factors affecting drilling efficiency and penetration rates. An enormous variety of research approaches and their findings are provided to related researchers and engineers. In addition, important future issues are presented for discussing the further progress of rotary percussive rock drilling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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30. Evaluation of factors associated with psychiatric patient dropout at a university outpatient clinic in Japan

Author

Minamisawa A, Narumoto J, Yokota I, and Fukui K

Subjects
dropout, psychiatry, outpatient, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Atsumi Minamisawa,1 Jin Narumoto,1 Isao Yokota,2 Kenji Fukui1 1Department of Psychiatry, 2Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan Background: Patient dropout from treatment can lead to a deterioration in clinical condition, thereby increasing the need for more intensive therapy that incurs substantial social and economic losses. The aim of this study was to identify factors related to psychiatric patient dropout at a university outpatient clinic in Japan.Methods: We retrospectively examined the medical charts of new psychiatric patients who were diagnosed with either a mood disorder (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, code: F3) or an anxiety disorder (F4) in the outpatient clinic at Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Hospital in Kyoto, Japan, between April 2010 and March 2013. The baseline characteristics of the patients (age, sex, Global Assessment of Functioning score, Clinical Global Impression–Severity of Illness score, education, occupation, marital status, duration of treatment, and prior treatment history), treating psychiatrist experience in years, and sex concordance between the patients and their treating psychiatrists were analyzed using Cox regression models.Results: From among 1,626 eligible new patients during the study period, 532 patients were enrolled in the study (F3: n=176; F4: n=356). The dropout rate was 35.7%, which was similar to that of previous studies. Higher educational level, being married, and lower Global Assessment of Functioning scores were associated with a lower dropout rate. Although psychiatrist experience was not significantly associated with patient dropout in the multivariate analysis, patients treated by less experienced psychiatrists had a higher hazard ratio for dropout (1.31; 95% confidence interval: 0.94–1.85).Conclusion: In order to reduce the dropout rate, special focus should be placed on patients with the factors identified in this study, and young psychiatrists should undergo further education to foster adherence. Keywords: patient dropout, psychiatry, outpatient care, mood disorders, anxiety disorders

Published
2016

31. Serologic Survey of IgG Against SARS-CoV-2 Among Hospital Visitors Without a History of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Tokyo, 2020–2021

Author

Atsushi Nishida, Masahiko Higa, Naoki Yamamoto, Tsubasa Munakata, Mayumi Kakegawa, Makoto Kurano, Yuko Tokunaga, Takuro Horibe, Wang Da-ming, Kenzaburo Yamaji, Chungen Qian, Takeshi Kawamura, Fuzhen Xia, Masanari Itokawa, Fan He, Fukui K, Sakiko Toyama, Tatsuhiko Kodama, Takahiro Sanada, Tomoko Honda, Michinori Kohara, Syudo Yamasaki, Fumihiko Yasui, Takayuki Harada, Yoshiro Kishi, Risa Kohno, Yudai Kaneko, Yusuke Matsumoto, and Asako Takagi

Subjects
Medicine (General), medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Epidemiology, viruses, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Population, Infectious Disease, Antibodies, Viral, medicine.disease_cause, Serology, R5-920, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Seroprevalence, Tokyo, skin and connective tissue diseases, education, Coronavirus, education.field_of_study, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, fungi, IgG seroprevalence, COVID-19, virus diseases, hospital visitors, General Medicine, Serum samples, Hospitals, Confidence interval, body regions, Cross-Sectional Studies, Immunoglobulin G, Original Article, business
Abstract

Background: Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is a densely populated city of >13 million people, so the population is at high risk of epidemic severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A serologic survey of anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG would provide valuable data for assessing the city’s SARS-CoV-2 infection status. Therefore, this cross-sectional study estimated the anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroprevalence in Tokyo. Methods: Leftover serum of 23,234 hospital visitors was tested for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 using an iFlash 3000 chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer (Shenzhen YHLO Biotech, Shenzhen, China) with an iFlash–SARS-CoV-2 IgG kit (YHLO) and iFlash–SARS-CoV-2 IgG-S1 kit (YHLO). Serum samples with a positive result (≥10 AU/mL) in either of these assays were considered seropositive for anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG. Participants were randomly selected from patients visiting 14 Tokyo hospitals between September 1, 2020 and March 31, 2021. No participants were diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and none exhibited COVID-19-related symptoms at the time of blood collection. Results: The overall anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroprevalence among all participants was 1.83% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.66–2.01%). The seroprevalence in March 2021, the most recent month of this study, was 2.70% (95% CI, 2.16–3.34%). After adjusting for population age, sex, and region, the estimated seroprevalence in Tokyo was 3.40%, indicating that 470,778 individuals had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions: The estimated number of individuals in Tokyo with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 3.9-fold higher than the number of confirmed cases. Our study enhances understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Tokyo.

Published
2022

32. Structure-Function Relationship in Olfactory Receptors

Author

Gromiha, M. Michael, Sowdhamini, R., Fukui, K., Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Istrail, Sorin, editor, Pevzner, Pavel, editor, Waterman, Michael S., editor, Huang, De-Shuang, editor, Gan, Yong, editor, Premaratne, Prashan, editor, and Han, Kyungsook, editor

Published
2012
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37. Pressure Drop Measurement of the JT-60SA Superconducting Magnets

Author

Fukui, K., primary, Hamada, K., additional, Natsume, K., additional, Murakami, H., additional, Tsuchiya, K., additional, Kawano, K., additional, Otsu, K., additional, Abe, T., additional, Wanner, M., additional, Tomarchio, V., additional, Hoa, C., additional, and Michel, F., additional

Published
2022
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40. Defensive function of persecutory delusion and discrepancy between explicit and implicit self-esteem in schizophrenia: study using the Brief Implicit Association Test

Author

Nakamura M, Hayakawa T, Okamura A, Kohigashi M, Fukui K, and Narumoto J

Subjects
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Mitsuo Nakamura,1 Tomomi Hayakawa,2 Aiko Okamura,3 Mutsumi Kohigashi,4 Kenji Fukui,1 Jin Narumoto1 1Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; 2Gojouyama Hospital, Nara, Japan; 3Yashio Hospital, Saitama, Japan; 4Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital, Kyoto, Japan Background: If delusions serve as a defense mechanism in schizophrenia patients with paranoia, then they should show normal or high explicit self-esteem and low implicit self-esteem. However, the results of previous studies are inconsistent. One possible explanation for this inconsistency is that there are two types of paranoia, “bad me” (self-blaming) paranoia and “poor me” (non-self-blaming) paranoia. We thus examined implicit and explicit self-esteem and self-blaming tendency in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. We hypothesized that patients with paranoia would show lower implicit self-esteem and only those with non-self-blaming paranoia would experience a discrepancy between explicit and implicit self-esteem. Methods: Participants consisted of patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder recruited from a day hospital (N=71). Participants were assessed for psychotic symptoms, using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and self-blaming tendency, using the brief COPE. We also assessed explicit self-esteem, using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), implicit self-esteem, using Brief Implicit Association Test (BIAT), and discrepancy between explicit and implicit self-esteem. Results: Contrary to our hypothesis, implicit self-esteem in paranoia and nonparanoia showed no statistical difference. As expected, only patients with non-self-blaming paranoia experienced a discrepancy between explicit and implicit self-esteem; other groups showed no such discrepancy. Conclusion: These results suggest that persecutory delusion plays a defensive role in non-self-blaming paranoia. Keyword: coping style, poor me paranoia, remitted paranoid delusion, external attribution

Published
2014

42. Phobos Environment Model and Regolith Simulant for MMX Mission

Author

Miyamoto, H, Niihara, T, Wada, K, Ogawa, K, Baresi, N, Abell, Paul A, Asphaug, E, Britt, D, Dodbiba, G, Fujita, T, Fukui, K, Grott, M, Hashiba, K, Hemmi, R, Hong, P, Imada, T, Kikuchi, H, Michel, P, Mogi, K, and Nakamura, T

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

Phobos and Deimos, the two moons of Mars, are considered to be scientifically important and potential human mission's target. Martian Moons eXplorer (MMX) is the JAXA's mission to explore Phobos (and/or Deimos), which is scheduled to be launched in 2024. The main spacecraft of MMX will perform in-situ observations of both Phobos and Deimos, land on one of them (most likely, Phobos), and bring samples back to Earth. Small landing modules may be included in the mission as for the Hayabusa-2 mission. The designs of both the landing and sampling devices depend largely on the surface conditions of the target body and on how this surface reacts to an external action in the low gravity conditions of the target. Thus, the Landing Operation Working Team (LOWT) of MMX, which is composed of both scientists and engineers, is studying Phobos' surface based on previous observations and theoretical/experimental considerations. Though engineering motivation initiated this activity, the results will be extremely useful for scientific purposes.

Published
2018

46. Citizen science astronomy with a network of small telescopes: the launch and deployment of JWST

Author

Lambert, Ryan A., primary, Marchis, Franck, additional, Asencio, Joe, additional, Blaclard, Guillaume, additional, Sgro, Lauren A., additional, Giogini, Jon D., additional, Plavchan, Peter, additional, White, Tracy, additional, Verveen, A., additional, Goto, T., additional, Kuossari, Petri, additional, Sethu, N., additional, Loose, M. A., additional, Will, S., additional, Sibbernsen, K., additional, Pickering, J. W., additional, Randolph, J., additional, Fukui, K., additional, Huet, P., additional, Guillet, B., additional, Clerget, O., additional, Stahl, S., additional, Yoblonsky, N., additional, Lauvernier, M., additional, Matsumura, T., additional, Yamato, M., additional, Laugier, J.-M., additional, Brodt-Vilain, O., additional, Espudo, A., additional, Kukita, R., additional, Iida, S., additional, Kardel, S., additional, Green, D., additional, Tikkanen, P., additional, Douvas, A., additional, Billiani, M., additional, Knight, G., additional, Ryno, M., additional, Simard, G., additional, Knight, R., additional, Primm, M., additional, Wildhagen, B., additional, Poncet, J., additional, Frachon, T., additional, Shimizu, M., additional, Jackson, A., additional, Parker, B., additional, Redfern, G., additional, Nikiforov, P., additional, Friday, E., additional, Lincoln, K., additional, Sweitzer, J., additional, Mitsuoka, R., additional, Cabral, K., additional, Katterfeld, A., additional, and Fairfax, M., additional

Published
2022
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50. Reduced dorsolateral prefrontal cortical hemodynamic response in adult obsessive-compulsive disorder as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy during the verbal fluency task

Author

Hirosawa R, Narumoto J, Sakai Y, Nishida S, Ishida T, Nakamae T, Takei Y, and Fukui K

Subjects
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Rikuei Hirosawa,1 Jin Narumoto,1 Yuki Sakai,1 Seiji Nishida,2 Takuya Ishida,1 Takashi Nakamae,1 Yuichi Takei,3 Kenji Fukui1 1Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 2Maizuru Medical Center, Kyoto, 3Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan Background: Near-infrared spectroscopy has helped our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms of psychiatric disorders and has advantages including noninvasiveness, lower cost, and ease of use compared with other imaging techniques, like functional magnetic resonance imaging. The verbal fluency task is the most common and well established task used to assess cognitive activation during near-infrared spectroscopy. Recent functional neuroimaging studies have shown that the orbitofrontal cortex and other brain regions, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, may play important roles in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This study aimed to evaluate hemodynamic responses in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in patients with OCD using near-infrared spectroscopy during the verbal fluency task and to compare these with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex responses in healthy controls. Methods: Twenty patients with OCD and 20 controls matched for age, gender, handedness, and estimated intelligence quotient participated in this study. The verbal fluency task was used to elicit near-infrared spectroscopic activation and consisted of a 30-second pre-task, followed by three repetitions of a 20-second verbal fluency task (total 60 seconds), followed by a 70-second post-task period. The near-infrared spectroscopy experiment was conducted on the same day as surveys of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression, and anxiety. Z-scores for changes in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin were compared between the OCD patients and controls in 14 channels set over the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and frontopolar areas. Results: During the verbal fluency task, significant task-related activation was detected in both the OCD group and the controls. Changes in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were significantly smaller in the OCD group than in the controls, but were not statistically significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Conclusion: Patients with OCD have reduced prefrontal, especially right dorsolateral prefrontal, cortical hemodynamic responses as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy during the verbal fluency task. These results support the hypothesis that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plays a role in the pathophysiology of OCD. Keywords: functional neuroimaging, near-infrared spectroscopy, obsessive-compulsive disorder, prefrontal hemodynamic response, verbal fluency task, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Published
2013

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