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80,000,000 tons1980s20072018Waste produced per year in EgyptIntroduction of first recycling machinesExport tax levied on ground plasticChinese regulation on the import of secondary raw materialsSource: Ministry of the Environment in Economic Newsletter, January 2019 The rate of waste recycling in Egypt is remarkable given the lack of investment in this area by public authorities. Salvage, re-use and recycling practices fuel a real economy that is plugged into global networks. This economy is ...

23,000 tons247.8 kg65%Garbage produced per day in 2013 (Greater Cairo)Garbage produced per year per inhabitant in 2014 (Egypt)Percentage of rubbish collected in Greater Cairo in 2013 The collection of rubbish in Cairo has been in the hands of rag-pickers since at least the 16th century. During the 19th century it became the preserve of wahiya, people from the oases who had migrated to the capital. They were gradually replaced from the 1930s by the zabbaleen*, mostly Coptic Christians original...

While several atlases of Ancient Egypt exist, no atlas of contemporary Egypt has yet been published. Thus, this work fills a void and offers the general public an illustrated panorama of Egypt at the beginning of the 21st century. Through the contributions of some fifty researchers, it presents in an accessible form the key facts and challenges that concern present-day Egypt in the realms of politics, economics, demographics, the environment, society and culture, and geopolitics. To this end, the Atlas relies on a wide array of previously unpublished sources, most especially maps, which help to unlock and interpret the results of the official Egyptian census of 2017, providing an up-to-date view of the country and a better understanding of Egypt today.

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23 000 t247,8 kg65 %de déchets produits par jour en 2013 (Grand Caire)de déchets produits par an et par habitant en 2014 (Égypte)Taux de ramassage pour le Grand Caire en 2013 La collecte des déchets au Caire est l’affaire de chiffonniers depuis au moins le xvie siècle. Au cours du xixe siècle, elle devient l’apanage des wahiya (oasiens) issus de l’immigration vers la capitale. Ils sont peu à peu remplacés, à partir des années 1930, par les zabbaline*, en majorité coptes et originaires de Haut...

80 000 000 de tonnesAnnées 198020072018de déchets produits par an en ÉgyptePremières machines de recyclageTaxe à l’exportation sur le plastique broyéRéglementation chinoise sur l’importation de matières premièresSource : ministère de l’Environnement in Lettre éco, janvier 2019 Les taux de valorisation des déchets en Égypte sont remarquables au regard du désinvestissement des pouvoirs publics dans ce domaine. Les pratiques de récupération, de réemploi et de recyclage alimentent une économie ré...

Alors qu’il existe plusieurs atlas de l’Égypte ancienne, aucun atlas de l’Égypte contemporaine n’avait encore été publié. Cet ouvrage vient donc combler un vide, en offrant au grand public un panorama illustré de l’Égypte au début du XXIe siècle. Réunissant les contributions d’une cinquantaine de chercheur.e.s, il présente, sous une forme cartographiée et vulgarisée, les faits saillants et les enjeux de l’Égypte actuelle en matière politique, géopolitique, économique, démographique, sociale, environnementale et culturelle. Il s’appuie, à cette fin, sur des ressources documentaires inédites : les cartes notamment, qui exploitent les résultats du recensement officiel égyptien de 2017, offrent une version actualisée du territoire. Pour mieux connaître et comprendre l’Égypte d’aujourd’hui.

Disponible en ligne : https://www.afd.fr/fr/du-rebut-la-ressource; International audience

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International audience; This paper explores a case of such land encroachments carried out by waste collectors in the neighbourhood of Manshiet Nasser in Cairo, Egypt. It begins with theoretical debates about the production of urban space, arguing that the de Certeauian paradigm, in which urban marginals poach or hijack others' spaces evanescently, fails to account for the way such encroachments produce permanent new spaces rhizomatically alongside the pre-existing order. The paper then turns to a close examination of the events in Manshiet Nasser. Although in a broad view the actors are marginals living in the 'informal' city, the conditions enabling the encroachments were such that only the wealthiest and most powerful members of the 'commu-nity' benefitted. In a context of generalized 'illegality', the squatters rely on practical norms and de facto recognitions to obtain some degree of tenure security. Since these efforts rely on and play off legal norms even as the squatters violate them, the paper argues that property rights in this context should be understood not in classificatory terms based on the legal/illegal binary, but rather through a trajectory of 'becoming-legal': a 'line of flight' that approaches legality asymptotically.

Through a discussion of Egypt–China trade in PET plastic, this paper seeks to show how contemporary recycling economies do not all conform to North–South directionalities, nor to the other assumptions about agency, vulnerability and environmental damage that inhere in the ‘neo-colonial geographies of inequality’ paradigm. In so doing, it seeks to contribute to developing more optimistic and nuanced alternative framings of global waste flows. The paper follows a two-part structure. The first half provides background on the author’s research methods, the recycling business in Egypt and its ties to China before further outlining the paradigm the paper seeks to nuance, particularly as it has been developed through and applied to e-waste case studies and entrenched in the principal legal instrument governing transboundary waste flows, the Basel Convention. The second half of the paper, after some conceptual notes outlining and locating the author’s approach to the market in the literature, attempts to provide a few details of the Egypt–China PET market from fieldwork, focusing on two price-shaping/making processes: market fluctuations during the global economic crisis in 2008/09 and the quality standards criteria applied by Chinese buyers.

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International audience; This short paper shows how 'neoliberal globalization' is reworked from within by local actors who appropriate its symbols, practices, and ideas—often for ends extrinsic to the logic underpinning them at the origins. In Cairo, public-private partnerships with European waste management companies—a new development over the past decade—are not merely 'neoliberalism from the sky.' They incorporate longstanding aesthetic and symbolic concerns over 'cleanliness' and 'modernity,' recasting them in a vogue idiom, one that plays well with international funders.

International audience; This is the introduction to a special number of A Contrario that I coordinated with Daniel Meier. It has three main parts. First it discusses humanitarianism, in attempt to define it and summarize some of what people have been writing on the topic recently. In the second part it considers the place of faith-based organisations in humanitarianism, as well as historical and other linkages between humanitarianism and religion (e.g. missionary work). Third, it summarizes the articles that will be published in the special number.