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第10回スペースデブリワークショップ (2022年11月28-30日. 主催: 宇宙航空研究開発機構研究開発部門(JAXA), 宇宙航空研究開発機構調布航空宇宙センター(JAXA)(CAC)), 調布市, 東京, The 10th Space Debris Workshop (November 28-30, 2022. Organizer: Research and Development Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Chofu Aerospace Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(CAC)), Chofu, Tokyo, Japan, 企業等による環境汚染等の外部不経済が発生する場合、経済活動を維持しつつ環境負荷を抑制する手段として、環境税の導入が検討される。本研究は、企業等による宇宙開発活動と宇宙環境保全を自律的に均衡させる仕組みとして「宇宙環境税」の概念に着目する。先行研究では環境税の導入に正負の効果が指摘されており、体系的かつ長期的な影響を評価する必要がある。本研究は、宇宙開発活動とそれに伴うデブリの増減を生態系システムとして捉えてモデル化し、宇宙環境税の導入により、宇宙環境保全を図りつつ、企業による宇宙開発活動を促進させることが可能かを検証する。システム・ダイナミクスを用いて宇宙機の打上とデブリ発生の相互作用を再現したモデルを構築し、30 年間のシミュレーションを実行した。結果、宇宙環境税率を適切に設定することで、宇宙機の数とデブリの数を長期的に一定水準に均衡させ、持続可能な宇宙環境保全を達成できる可能性が示唆された。, When external diseconomies such as environmental pollution by companies occur, the introduction of an environmental tax is considered as a means of controlling environmental impact while maintaining economic activity. This study focuses on the concept of a space environmental tax as a mechanism to autonomously balance space development activities with space environmental protection. Previous studies have pointed out the positive and negative effects of introducing an environmental tax, and it is thus necessary to assess the systematic and long-term effects of the policy intervention. This study aims to model space activities and the associated increase or decrease in debris as an ecosystem and to examines whether the introduction of a space environmental tax can promote space activities by companies while preserving the space environment. A model was built using system dynamics to reproduce the interaction between spacecraft launches and debris generation, and a 30-year simulation was performed. The results suggest that, by setting an appropriate space environment tax rate, the number of spacecraft and the number of debris could be balanced at a constant level in the long term and sustainable space environment protection could be achieved., 著者の誤記: FUSE Testuhito, 形態: カラー図版あり, The clerical error of author: FUSE Testuhito, Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, 資料番号: AA2230027017

We investigated the performance of a flight model of the position-sensitive tissue-equivalent proportional chamber (PS-TEPC) by irradiating with heavy-ion beams prior to launch to the International Space Station. The flight model operated stably with an effective gas gain of 1000 under a sealed gas. This gain was almost consistent with the effective gas gain under a gas flow. Energies of H, C, Si and Fe beams measured using the PS-TEPC flight model agreed well with calculations using the SRIM2008 code. Energy resolutions of 9.7% and 3.8% were obtained for the C and Fe beams, respectively. The uncertainties in dose equivalents were estimated to be better than 30% assuming both the theoretical model and best-fit function of linear energy transfer and referring to previously reported integrated dose fractions for an actual spacecraft. These features of the flight model satisfy the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements criteria for space dosimeters.

第33回宇宙環境利用シンポジウム (2019年1月24日-25日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Space Utilization Research (January 24-25, 2019. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 18名, 資料番号: SA6000132013, レポート番号: G-12

第32回宇宙環境利用シンポジウム (2018年1月15日-16日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Space Utilization Research (January 15-16, 2018. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 16名, 資料番号: SA6000117018, レポート番号: G-13

第31回宇宙環境利用シンポジウム (2017年1月16日-17日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Space Utilization Research (January 16-17, 2017. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 16名, 資料番号: SA6000061032, レポート番号: SUS31-G17

第29回宇宙環境利用シンポジウム (2015年1月24日-25日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Space Utilization Research (January 24-25, 2015. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 17名, 資料番号: SA6000035026, レポート番号: ISAS-SUR29-S21

第7回宇宙環境シンポジウム (2010年10月19日-20日. 東京国際フォーラム), 7th Spacecraft Enivironment Symposium (October 19-20, 2010, Tokyo International Forum), Tokyo Japan, 形態: カラー図版あり, 著者人数: 13人, Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, 資料番号: AA0064933006, レポート番号: JAXA-SP-10-013

Large sized bubble detectors with different sensitivities have been irradiated with high-energy protons at the cyclotron in RIKEN, Japan. Distributions of bubbles induced by the protons in the detectors have been studied. It shows that quite a large number of random bubbles are produced in the detectors in the range traveled by the beam protons. The existence of random bubbles hints that high-energy protons as an important component of primary and secondary cosmic rays at higher altitude and in space may cause significant number of bubbles in the bubble detectors in aircrafts or spacecrafts. The origin of the random bubbles has been investigated. The detection efficiencies of bubble detectors for protons via the random bubbles have been determined, being (0.93±0.27) * 10-2, (4.6±1.5) * 10-2 and (4.7 ±1.7) *10-2 (Bubble cm-3)/(Proton cm-2), respectively for T-14, T-24 and T-12 types of bubble detectors. The detection efficiencies for protons are quite high, which are about two orders of magnitude higher than that for 0.3–19 MeV mono-energetic neutrons. The astonishing high efficiencies for protons can only be attributed to Rutherford scattering of protons with nuclei of C, F, and Cl in the compositions of superheated liquid droplets in the detectors. The recoil nuclei of C, F and Cl from Rutherford scattering create the random bubbles. In contrast, in terrestrial calibrations of bubble detectors with mono-energetic neutrons, only nuclear interactions of neutrons with nuclei are involved. Special consideration must be given to the effect of Rutherford scattering of high-energy protons on detection of neutrons with bubble detectors at higher altitude and in space.

第30回宇宙環境利用シンポジウム (2016年1月19日-20日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Space Utilization Research (January 19-20, 2016. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 15名, 資料番号: SA6000048009, レポート番号: G-05

第62回応用物理学会春季学術講演会(2015年3月11日-14日. 東海大学湘南キャンパス), 平塚市, 神奈川県, 資料番号: AC1500089000, レポート番号: 11p-A19-1

Experiments have been performed to measure the response of the silicon-based linear energy transfer (LET) spectrometer (RRMD-III) to protons with energies ranging from 1 to 70 MeV. The beam energies incident upon RRMD-III were obtained using plastic polycarbonate degraders with mono-energetic proton beams that were extracted at 70, 40 and 25 MeV from a cyclotron. The energy loss in the degraders never exceed 70% of the incident energy in order that the energy spread of the emerging protons created by straggling and scattering effects could be sppressed. Estimates of the LET were influenced by the asymmetric energy distribution of the degraded beam. Protons with energies less than 12.2 MeV did not reach the second Si detector in RRMD-III and were not measured. Measured values of LET were within +-7% of the expected value for incident particles was computed using a lookup table listing LET vs E, and a simple stopping power formula for a particle with charge Z and energy Er, where Er is the energy of the stopping particle measured in the second Si detector.

第28回宇宙利用シンポジウム (2012年1月23-24日. 日本学術会議), 港区, 東京都, Space Utilization Research (January 23-24, 2012. Science Council of Japan), Minato-ku, Tokyo Japan, 著者人数: 17名, 資料番号: SA6000032043, レポート番号: L03

第75回応用物理学会秋季学術講演会(2014年9月17日-20日. 北海道大学), 札幌市, 北海道, 資料番号: AC1500086000, レポート番号: 18a-B2-11

International Workshop on Space Radiation Research - 2