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This bibliometric review of global nuclear energy strategies reveals a renewed interest in this technology as a fundamental part of the energy transition and the fight against climate change. The findings highlight an emerging leadership of China and other Asian countries in scientific production, although the United States and European countries maintain a greater impact in their research. There is an evolution from a purely technical focus to a greater focus on security, energy policy, climate change, and sustainability, reflecting a more holistic understanding of the role of nuclear energy. The 21st century has seen a resurgence of interest in nuclear energy, driven by concerns about climate change, although these topics are still relatively underrepresented in specialized literature. New areas of research are identified, such as integration with renewable energy and advanced applications. Research on public perception and social acceptance has gained sophistication. Surprisingly, an apparent lack of scientific interest in international collaboration is detected, despite its recognized importance in addressing global challenges and promoting the peaceful use of nuclear energy. This analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the current status and future trends in nuclear energy research and strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, risk has been multiplied and exacerbated beyond anything that even Ulrich Beck's work on "risk society" seemed to suggest when first published, although - with hindsight - one can detect traces of the excessive risks of the present, centred on the Covid-19 "pandemic", in his prognostications. This paper concentrates on the work of Beck, with a view to mining it heuristically for a better comprehension of the risks unleashed by the Covid-19 "pandemic" and everything associated with it. Beck's work is situated within the framework of a Heideggerian reflection on human temporality and particularly the future, emphasising that human beings are time-oriented creatures par excellence, and that therefore what happens in the present is inescapably understood in the light off uture expectations and projections. The notion of "prejudice" is also discussed in this context, to reveal the relevance of the "hermeneutic circle" for the understanding of events during and after the Covid-19 "pandemic", and to neutralise accusations of bias in the interpretation of these events offered here in relation to Beck's work on "risk society". It is argued that, despite sharing the denominator of "technological", compared to the kinds of risk distinguished by Beck, those introduced by the "pandemic", lockdowns, Covid "vaccines", and in their wake, economic hardship - to mention only some - are of a different, more deleterious order altogether. If, in contrast with the society of wealth-distribution (through goods), the "risk society" was recognisable by the (by)production and distribution of hazards such as toxic contaminants, pollution and climate-changing emissions, today society seems to be facing something far worse, namely the production of potentially, if not actually, lethal substances and conditions. If the hazards of risk society were seen as preventable (compared to "natural" perils) - after all, they were socially produced and exacerbated (or sometimes moderated) by economic and cultural practices - one might expect that it would be the case with those faced today, too. This, it turns out, is highly improbable, largely because growing evidence suggests that most of the "ultra-risks" that have emerged of late have been produced intentionally, or by design, and that it is too late to undo most of them, although others may be prevented. Specifically, it has now been established that most of these risks, if not outright dangers, were produced intentionally, as part of a depopulation agenda, by a relatively small group of hyper-wealthy, neo-fascist, globalist billionaires. What Beck argued, namely that the potential for cataclysm was increasing, has been exacerbated beyond what could have been expected under "normal" risk-conditions. Ironically, under these conditions the uncertainties of science in the face of unpredictable risk, which were highlighted by Beck, have made way for contrary, ideological claims concerning the "certainties" of "the science" in relation to so-called Covid-19 "vaccines". Insofar as these vaunted "certainties" pertained to the supposed "safety and effectiveness" of these injections, recent evidence in the guise of scientific studies suggests that the opposite is the case, and that millions of the recipients of these "jabs" have died globally since they were administered, in this way confirming the qualitative difference between the kind of risk faced in contemporary "pandemic" society and the risks that Beck perceived in the "risk society" which succeeded the society of "wealth-production". Eight of the risks that Beck associates with this kind of society are discussed, and the differences between those risks - which are generated by science and technology, among other things - and what humanity faces today, particularly since the advent of the Covid "pandemic", are identified and clarified. Importantly, the qualitative differences between risks as understood by Beck - which emerged as side-effects of "normal" scientific, technological and industrial practices and processes - and the risks that have emerged recently, at least since 2020, are emphasised. This amounts to the recognition of not only the risks demonstrably associated with the pseudo-vaccines marketed as "vaccines" against Covid-19, but also, and especially, of the demonstrable dangers that they hold, which could potentially augur the extinction of the human species. These and other aspects of "pandemic" society - such as deliberate economic destruction and geo-engineering - are addressed through the lenses of Beck's work on risk society, raising the fraught question of the possible extinction of humanity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the covid 19 pandemic, management of nursing resource which forms the crux of patient care emerged as one of the major challenges amongst many. The strategies for staff mobilization, redeployment and recruitment, along with laying down standard operating procedures evolved as the pandemic progressed. The safety of the staff has to be a major focus area. Guidelines for covid duty exemption, orientation and training of staff must be drafted, reviewed and revised as required. Issues related to accommodation, psychosocial support and wellbeing have to be addressed. It is very important to adapt to the ever changing needs for nursing resource and be vigilant for emerging issues for an effective response to the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modified atmosphere package (MAP), as a practical, economic, and easy to operate food package technique, has experienced a rapid development in both scientific and industrial communities. In recent years, given the superiority of super-atmospheric O2 (SO) MAP in preserving fruits and vegetables relative to low O2 and/or high CO2 MAP, SO MAP is back on the radar of researchers. This paper systematically reviews recent development on application of SO MAP and improved strategies to fruit and vegetable preservation in the last 15 years, possible mechanisms concerning their positive and negative effects, and challenges and future perspectives for SO MAP. The present work can provide a theoretical basis and technique reference for achieving a better effectiveness on fruit and vegetable preservation in the practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by irreversible scarring of lung tissue, leading to death. Despite recent advancements in understanding its pathophysiology, IPF remains elusive, and therapeutic options are limited and non-curative. This review aims to synthesize the latest research developments, focusing on the molecular mechanisms driving the disease and on the related emerging treatments. Unfortunately, several phase 2 studies showing promising preliminary results did not meet the primary endpoints in the subsequent phase 3, underlying the complexity of the disease and the need for new integrated endpoints. IPF remains a challenging condition with a complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and pathophysiological factors. Ongoing research into the molecular keystones of IPF is critical for the development of targeted therapies that could potentially stop the progression of the disease. Future directions include personalized medicine approaches, artificial intelligence integration, growth in genetic insights, and novel drug targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The capacity of additive manufacturing and three-dimensional (3D) printing to quickly construct intricate structures and accurate geometries sets them apart from traditional production techniques. The fourth industrial revolution and the digitalization of production were fueled by the emergence of 3D printing, which was made possible by the increasing demand for goods with various designs, functions, and materials. The global influence of 3D printing on healthcare has resulted in the replacement of generic implanted medical devices with patient-customized implants. In the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery, where surgeons use precision medicine daily, this revolution has had a huge influence. Treatments enhanced by 3D technology include orthognathic surgery, complete joint replacement therapy, and trauma. Surgical teams now engage in the 3D design and production of devices at point-of-care treatment facilities with internal infrastructure thanks to the growing and broad adoption of 3D technology in clinical settings. The way doctors approach treatment planning and clinical results are affected greatly by 3D technology. While outlining significant clinical applications, the article presents our viewpoint on the use of 3D-based technology in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery and the road ahead with the advent of Four-dimensional (4D) printing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This bibliometric review of global nuclear energy strategies reveals a renewed interest in this technology as a fundamental part of the energy transition and the fight against climate change. The findings highlight an emerging leadership of China and other Asian countries in scientific production, although the United States and European countries maintain a greater impact in their research. There is an evolution from a purely technical focus to a greater focus on security, energy policy, climate change, and sustainability, reflecting a more holistic understanding of the role of nuclear energy. The 21st century has seen a resurgence of interest in nuclear energy, driven by concerns about climate change, although these topics are still relatively underrepresented in specialized literature. New areas of research are identified, such as integration with renewable energy and advanced applications. Research on public perception and social acceptance has gained sophistication. Surprisingly, an apparent lack of scientific interest in international collaboration is detected, despite its recognized importance in addressing global challenges and promoting the peaceful use of nuclear energy. This analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the current status and future trends in nuclear energy research and strategies.

Microplastic (MP) pollution has become a global environmental issue, and increasing concern has been raised about its impact on human health. Current studies on the toxic effects and mechanisms of MPs have mostly been conducted in animal models or in vitro cell cultures, which have limitations regarding inter-species differences or stimulation of cellular functions. Organoid technology derived from human pluripotent or adult stem cells has broader prospects for predicting the potential health risks of MPs to humans. Herein, we reviewed the current application advancements and opportunities for different organoids, including brain, retinal, intestinal, liver, and lung organoids, to assess the human health risks of MPs. Organoid techniques accurately simulate the complex processes of MPs and reflect phenotypes related to diseases caused by MPs such as liver fibrosis, neurodegeneration, impaired intestinal barrier and cardiac hypertrophy. Future perspectives were also proposed for technological innovation in human risk assessment of MPs using organoids, including extending the lifespan of organoids to assess the chronic toxicity of MPs, and reconstructing multi-organ interactions to explore their potential in studying the microbiome-gut-brain axis effect of MPs.

Tourist interactions have maintained an increasing significance in the tourism literature. However, the existing research that accentuates dyadic-based inquires has become less relevant to the dynamism of the tourism service encounter where tourist-to-tourist interactions take place; and therefore, more forward-thinking dynamic-based perspectives that fully uncover this phenomenon shall prevail. This research note therefore reviews and summarises the existing tourism literature on tourist interactions. Moreover, three future priorities are proposed to unfold the dynamism of tourist interactions. Accordingly, future research is suggested to adopt interdependent, coevolutionary, and/or integrated perspectives to extend the current tourism literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single-cell methodologies and technologies have started a revolution in biology which until recently has primarily been limited to deep sequencing and imaging modalities. With the advent and subsequent torrid development of single-cell proteomics over the last 5 years, despite the fact that proteins cannot be amplified like transcripts, it has now become abundantly clear that it is a worthy complement to single-cell transcriptomics. In this review, we engage in an assessment of the current state of the art of single-cell proteomics including workflow, sample preparation techniques, instrumentation, and biological applications. We investigate the challenges associated with working with very small sample volumes and the acute need for robust statistical methods for data interpretation. We delve into what we believe is a promising future for biological research at single-cell resolution and highlight some of the exciting discoveries that already have been made using single-cell proteomics, including the identification of rare cell types, characterization of cellular heterogeneity, and investigation of signaling pathways and disease mechanisms. Finally, we acknowledge that there are a number of outstanding and pressing problems that the scientific community vested in advancing this technology needs to resolve. Of prime importance is the need to set standards so that this technology becomes widely accessible allowing novel discoveries to be easily verifiable. We conclude with a plea to solve these problems rapidly so that single-cell proteomics can be part of a robust, high-throughput, and scalable single-cell multi-omics platform that can be ubiquitously applied to elucidating deep biological insights into the diagnosis and treatment of all diseases that afflict us. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome caused by the progression to severe stages of various cardiac diseases, characterized by high morbidity and mortality. With the increasing aging of the population and the poor control of high-risk factors for heart failure such as hypertension and diabetes, the incidence of heart failure remains high. Therefore, there is widespread global attention regarding the various treatments for heart failure. Currently, pharmacological therapy, associated device therapy, interventional therapy, and end-stage surgical related therapy are the main clinical treatments for heart failure. Heart failure treatment is gradually evolving to be more precise, safe, and effective, as traditional therapies can no longer match clinical needs. A number of cutting-edge research studies are being conducted on the treatment of heart failure, based on the different pathogenesis and causes of heart failure, to treat patients with heart failure in a multifaceted and integrated way. This article summarizes the current clinical treatment of heart failure and the latest therapeutic advances in heart failure in current research to further promote the standardized management and treatment of heart failure and improve patient prognosis.

Introduction: Despite the known strong association between patients' knowledge of outcomes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and treatment persistence, this knowledge in this patient population requires further clarification. The aim of our study was to reveal the perception of unsuccessful treatment outcomes among patients with T2DM and its association with treatment persistence by analysing answers to open-ended questions. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 106 patients with T2DM who lived in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, had a medical record in the Fukushima National Health Insurance Organisation database and had no cognitive problems were enrolled by purposive sampling. Treatment status was defined as "non-persistent" when a participant's treatment medical record was absent for a continuous period of ≥ 6 months; otherwise, it was referred to as "persistent". We asked about the possible future problems of untreated T2DM, inductively classified the open answers into 15 codes and then statistically examined the association between these codes and treatment persistence using logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and sex. Results: Persistent treatment was prevalent among participants who mentioned the code "treatment", which encompasses the terms that indicated invasiveness, such as dialysis, insulin injection, and shots (odds ratio 4.339; 95% confidence interval 1.104–17.055). Conclusion: Persistent treatment was prevalent among patients with T2DM who mentioned the code "treatment", suggesting that these patients may anticipate a threat due to the invasiveness of diabetes and thus participate in persistent treatment to avoid this threat. Healthcare professionals should provide appropriate information and supportive conditions to achieve both a reduced feeling of threat and persistent treatment engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single-atom catalysts have attracted much attention because of their exceptional high activity, eminent atomic utilization, and good selectivity, exhibiting diverse performance in a wide range of energy conversion. However, with the decrease in particle size and sudden increase of surface energy, ultra-small particles may gather together to form nanoclusters and cannot maintain atomic scattering. Protecting catalytic sites requires normalizing and controlling the interaction between single atoms and substrates. Graphitic carbon-nitride, g-C 3 N 4, with a unique two-dimensional (2D) structural unit and excellent stability, exhibits a controllable electronic structure that capable to be a support for the atomically dispersed metal atoms. Mainly, g-C 3 N 4 contains many nitrogen atoms that are periodically detached and can attribute energetic positions for efficient constituents, primarily for single atoms. This review article introduced the synthetic approaches of single metal atoms (SMA) anchored g-C 3 N 4 , including synchronization atmosphere, electronic structures of SMA, and the latest characterizations towards their physiochemical applications. Solar energy conversion, including water splitting for H 2 -production and CO 2 -reduction using SMAs anchored g-C 3 N 4 , and the role of SMA in catalytic mechanism over the SMA modified g-C 3 N 4 were discussed, along with the challenges and opportunities for further research into high-efficiency SMA-modified g-C 3 N 4 photocatalysts. This review is estimated to explain the essentials and massive potential of SMAs anchored g-C 3 N 4. • This review summarized recent reports of single metal atoms (SMAs) anchored g-C 3 N 4. • The synthetic approaches and latest characterization techniques towards SMAs anchored g-C 3 N 4 were summarized. • Water splitting for hydrogen production and CO 2 reduction using SMAs anchored g-C 3 N 4 were introduced. • The prospects and remaining challenges in fields of SMAs anchored g-C 3 N 4 are supposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Plans and programs for the conservation of historical fabrics in Iran have always faced challenges in order to achieve their goals from the stage of preparation to implementation; challenges that often prevented the implementation of plans or failed to implement them. Identifying and understanding these barriers is a fundamental step in how to overcome them. Objectives: This research has been conducted to identifythe main challenges and barriers of plans and programs for protecting the historical tissues of Iran. accordingly seeks to find the priorities of future research by meta-analyzing the studies conducted in this field. Method: In the current study, the method of "meta-analysis based on contextual theory" has been used. Sampling and screening of articles have been done using several criteria during several stages. For this purpose, the Persian and English articles in the historical fabrics "written from 2014 to the present day" whose study scope is in "Iran", were searched in three databases: Google Scholar, SID, and Noormags. At the beginning of the process, articles were searched with the keywords "historical context" and "historical conservation". In the first step, the "title" and "abstract" of 156 articles based on criteria such as "publishing in scientific-research journals", "availability of the full text of the articles", "repetitiveness", "a direct reference to the barriers in the realization conservation plans and projects", "evaluation of restoration and conservation plans and projects based on case studies" and "referring to different approaches of conservation and development in historical contexts" were examined. 83 articles were selected. In the second step, after examining the "full text of the articles" and especially the "introduction" and "research results", the number of 39 articles were elected for review and coding. In the analysis of the samples, through open coding, 110 codes including direct and indirect references of the studies to the barriers and reasons for the failure of conservation programs have been extracted. In the next step, using axial coding, the codes were summarized and organized into 9 main categories. In the last step, using selective coding, the description of the categories and the link and relationship between the extracted concepts have been discussed. Result: Findings in the form of 9 categories: "Institutional and managerial challenge of heritage", "Content and semantic challenge of plans and programs", "Procedural and methodological challenge", "Cultural and social challenge", "Economic challenges", "the challenge of Legal, legitimate, rules and regulations of conservation and development”, "the challenge of power and policy", "the challenge of time" and the "knowledge and expertise challenge" were extracted and classified. It can be mentioned that categories and their relevant codes have a deep relationship and sometimes affect each other. Therefore not removing one obstacle or challenge will result in creating or amplifying other barriers. Conclusion: Results showed that "institutional and management barriers and challenges of heritage" is one of the categories that has been emphasized with the highest level of abundance. In this category, the subcategories of "functional weakness and differences of management institutions"; in the category of "content and semantic challenge", the subcategories of "non-compliance of development plans with the needs, necessities, cultural structure and values of the context" and "the need for an integrated and comprehensive approach in regeneration, conservation and development" have been repeated more. Also, in the "procedural and methodological" category, the subcategory "Non-compliance of development and conservation plans"; in the field of "Cultural and social challenges", the subcategory "Lack of citizen participation", "Low level of public awareness towards heritage values", and "Lack of Educating and informing the society about historical values and how to deal with them"; and in the category of "economic challenges", the subcategory of "lack of supporting financial resources" and then "lack of incentive policies" were the most frequent. In relation to the "challenge of time", more emphasis has been placed on the "lack of attention to the historical development of the fabric"; and in relation to the "challenge of knowledge and expertise" to the "lack of local experts". However, from the author's point of view, there are also basic barriers and challenges that have either not been the focus of studies or have been mentioned in a few cases. In this regard "Challenge of theoretical foundations and indigenous literature in the field of urban restoration and conservation" "Semantic challenge of restoration and conservation words", "Gap between theory and practice" and "Innovation and technology" are the main gaps of previous studies which can be the priority of the future research(Figure a). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aims: Studies show that an unbalanced future outlook predicts delinquency, drug use, and high-risk sexual behaviors during adolescence. At the same time, having a hopeful mindset, having sufficient resources for purposeful thinking, and being familiar with the paths needed to achieve goals, lead to well)being in individuals. It also enhances a person's deep vision for the future, their learning activity, their longevity and their performance. Thus, the outlook for the future can affect a wide range of emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. The future perspective, which is defined as the current prediction of future goals, can be created by setting motivational goals in the future and creating long term behavioral projects to achieve these goals. The problem for many young people and adolescents is that they live with a relatively short-term outlook, and it is difficult for them to see the future right now. In the field of education and learning, the ability to tolerate delays in reward is very important. Students have to choose between immediate reward and short pleasure, or long-term reward and long pleasure, and here is the future perspective that gives him the power to evaluate the future. The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of future prospects in female high school students in Shiraz. Methods: The statistical population of the study is all female high school students in Shiraz (10865 people) who were studying in the academic year 1399-1400. Among them, 346 students were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster sampling method and participated in the study. The research tool was a standard questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by professors and experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results: The results of structural equation modeling showed that negative emotion regulation strategies have a positive effect on cognitive distortions, and positive emotion regulation strategies have a negative effect on cognitive distortions. Positive emotion regulation strategies have a positive effect on goal setting and cognitive distortions have a negative and significant effect on the future perspective and the effect of goal setting on the future perspective was positive. The results show that the strongest relationships in the model are related to the effect of negative emotion regulation strategies on cognitive distortions with a coefficient of 0.78 and then related to the effect of cognitive distortions on the future outlook with a coefficient of -0.55. The findings also show that apart from the relationship between negative emotion regulation strategies and rejected targeting (p <0.05), five other relationships have been confirmed in the model (p <0.05). If a person can manage and control his emotions, he will have more free space intellectually to focus on goals and goal setting. Cognitive distortions affect the future outlook (p <0.05) and the direction of the negative impact and the intensity of the impact is -0.55. Targeting has an effect on the future outlook (p <0.05) and the direction of the positive effect and the intensity of the effect is equal to 0.29. Therefore, the positive and negative strategies of the emotion regulation variable are the only external variable of the structural model of the research to which no one-way arrow is pointed. Finally, the existence of a significant positive causal relationship between goal setting and future perspective indicates that the more students expose themselves to goal setting or goal setting in the future, the more rapidly towards a future perspective. A more balanced and ideal future will move. In fact, by choosing goals in the desired area, the person is not only not bothered by the difficulty of the path, but also welcomes learning skills and doing difficult tasks to overcome obstacles in the way of his goal and pursues his goal. Acquires the necessary competence and avoids poor performance, and is more determined and does not doubt in its decision in the direction of the goal, and consequently, these measures tend to be more and more forward-looking. Will strengthen the more desirable in him. Conclusion: Cognitive distortions have a negative and significant effect on the future outlook. The indirect and inverse effect of negative emotion regulation strategies, and the indirect and reinforcing effect of positive emotion regulation strategies on the future outlook in this study, reveal the need for planning to empower students in controlling and managing cognitive emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer is a global challenge for healthcare professional due to multiple unresolved issues before therapy, during therapy, and post-therapy stages. The disease diagnosis and subsequent chemotherapy are an ideal treatment approach to culminate such menace. Among cancers, prostate cancer (PC) is considered next to skin and breast cancer as the most dreadful and recorded with high mortality. It is also one of the leading causes of cancer death among men. With increased incidence worldwide and high mortality rate prostate cancer remains a global healthcare challenge. Advances in the diagnosis of PC have improved the chances of patient survival. Today, scientists developed electrochemical biosensors for early diagnosis of PC and it was found to be playing a significant role to reduce cases, mortality and complication at clinical set up. This updated review focused on biomarkers and traditional techniques used for PC diagnosis (early) and the most recent achievements of electrochemical techniques for making successful translation to clinical bed. Nanoparticles based electro-biochemical techniques have gained considerable attention alternative to traditional techniques. These techniques are found significantly effective for PC detection and have shown interesting parameters such as low cost and easy incorporation to user-friendly sensing platforms. With further advancements portable devices can be developed that can diagnose PC earlier for rapid clinical analysis and subsequently earliest report availability to the physician office for quick decision and life-saving approach. Overall, these compiled data in a form of review paper supports the adoption and promotion of nanotechnology-based diagnostics for PC in the healthcare.

The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a serious global health crisis. Increasing evidence suggests that elderly individuals with underlying chronic diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), are particularly vulnerable to this infection. Changes in the routine care of PD patients should be implemented carefully without affecting the quality provided. The utilization of telemedicine for clinical consultation, assessment and rehabilitation has also been widely recommended. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide recommendations in the management of PD during the pandemic as well as in the early phase of vaccination programs to highlight the potential sequelae and future perspectives of vaccination and further research in PD. Even though a year has passed since COVID- 19 emerged, most of us are still facing great challenges in providing a continuum of care to patients with chronic neurological disorders. However, we should regard this health crisis as an opportunity to change our routine approach in managing PD patients and learn more about the impact of SARS-CoV-2. Hopefully, PD patients can be vaccinated promptly, and more detailed research related to PD in COVID-19 can still be carried out.

China is undergoing a rapid dietary transition as well as a changing income distribution. In this paper, we examine the impacts of income heterogeneity on the prediction of food consumption using a dataset that covered 22,210 urban households in China's 6 provinces. The two-stage Exact Affine Stone Index Implicit Marshallian Demand System (EASI demand system) model, which deals with the problem of censoring and endogeneity, is applied to estimate demand elasticity across income strata. Additionally, a dynamic simulation method considering income heterogeneity is conducted to predict future food consumption trends. The results reveal that income elasticity follows a decreasing trend with income growth. Furthermore, the results show that the consumption of major food items in the 15th period will increase by 7.9% to 42.0% over the base period. The growth potential of low-income groups is significantly higher than that of middle- and high-income groups. However, the prediction results may be overestimated if the differences in consumer behavior across income groups and the dynamic simulation procedure are not taken into account. Our study indicates that the consumption features of different income groups need to be included in food consumption forecasts. Moreover, the government should formulate food policies for different income groups to promote a sustainable food system transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the Space Race or Formula 1 drives innovation, efficiency and progress in home technology and home car markets, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK) drives scientific innovation and value for drug development companies. Stand still and fall behind as the saying goes, and these analogies are true as much in the design and conduct of DMPK studies as they are in the technology and manufacturing sectors. This short review showcases the impact that DMPK has had on drug development and how it has changed in the last 10 years, illustrating the value added scientific benefit, cost and time saving, that innovative DMPK program design and study conduct have. Examples and case studies spanning novel in vitro alternatives such as organ-on-a-chip (OOAC) developments; use of in vivo microsampling across small and large animal species; challenging historical paradigms in Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion (ADME) studies; and embracing new technologies to address regulatory concerns, are presented. The continual pace of change has kept DMPK at the core of pharmaceutical, crop and chemical evaluation, and this is set to continue as regulators use this discipline to inform decision-making. With new modalities and new scientific questions, DMPK will continue to evolve, with the likes of new in vitro, in vivo and in silico models becoming central to candidate selection and progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the continuous effort to understand the pathophysiology and determine potential therapeutic targets, PCOS treatment largely depends on lifestyle intervention and symptomatic management of individual signs and symptoms. International guidelines recognize the importance of weight reduction as a cornerstone for the achievement of better metabolic, reproductive, and cardiovascular outcomes in PCOS women who are overweight or obese. With its profound weight loss potential in patients with or without diabetes, the administration of GLP-1 receptor agonists has been investigated in overweight/obese women with PCOS in several single-center randomized control trials with considerable variation in the dosing regimen, follow-up duration, and outcome measurements over recent years. Most trials reported superior weight loss effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists compared to lifestyle changes or metformin, with additional metabolic, reproductive, and cardiovascular benefits in this population. However, their use is currently not widely accepted by the clinical community that treats this population. The major concern is how to balance the reproductive and metabolic treatment strategies since the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists requires effective contraception while on therapy and a washout period before pregnancy. Both approaches are not mutually exclusive, yet the best choice requires a careful assessment of the clinical context. Knowing a patient's individual circumstances, precise clinical sub-phenotyping, and regular monitoring are crucial components for the safe and effective use of these new tools. In the present narrative review, we explore the current clinical evidence and provide the future perspectives and challenges for their implementation in PCOS management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiopharmaceuticals are essential components of nuclear medicine and serve as one of the cornerstones of molecular imaging and precision medicine. They provide new means and approaches for early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. After decades of development and hard efforts, a relatively matured radiopharmaceutical production and management system has been established in China with high-quality facilities. This review provides an overview of the current status of radiopharmaceuticals on production and distribution, clinical application, and regulatory supervision and also describes some important advances in research and development and clinical translation of radiopharmaceuticals in the past 10 years. Moreover, some prospects of research and development of radiopharmaceuticals in the near future are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RNA modifications, in particular N6-methyladenosine (m6A), participate in every stages of RNA metabolism and play diverse roles in essential biological processes and disease pathogenesis. Thanks to the advances in sequencing technology, tens of thousands of RNA modification sites can be identified in a typical high-throughput experiment; however, it remains a major challenge to decipher the functional relevance of these sites, such as, affecting alternative splicing, regulation circuit in essential biological processes or association to diseases. As the focus of RNA epigenetics gradually shifts from site discovery to functional studies, we review here recent progress in functional annotation and prediction of RNA modification sites from a bioinformatics perspective. The review covers naïve annotation with associated biological events, e.g., single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), RNA binding protein (RBP) and alternative splicing, prediction of key sites and their regulatory functions, inference of disease association, and mining the diagnosis and prognosis value of RNA modification regulators. We further discussed the limitations of existing approaches and some future perspectives.

This study examined the relationship between the damage of bullying in junior high school and school adaptation after entering high school. Three surveys of 281 high school students were conducted at various points in time. The first survey was conducted immediately before the respondents started high school to measure the extent of bullying respondents had experienced in junior high school. The second survey was conducted in June, shortly after the respondents started high school, to measure their depressive tendencies and future prospects. The final survey was conducted in November to measure the extent to which respondents had adjusted to high school. An analysis of the survey results suggested that the "prosocial effort orientation" factor and the "positive and active future image" factor that compose a positive future outlook may be related to the process by which being a target of bullying reduces an individual'sability to adjust to school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to prove that the future perspective (FP) can be a good predictor of work readiness (WR) among college students. This study used the correlational method. A total of 90 eighth semester students (60 male, 30 female) from the Faculty of Science and Technology, Psychology, and Tarbiyah of the Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang became participants in this study. Participants' age ranged between 21-25 years (M = 23.7 years). This study used the adaptation of future perspective (FP) instruments from Husman and Shell (2008), which consists of 15 items, with α = 0.830, and the work-readiness adaptation instrument from Cabellero et al. (2011), which consists of 16 items, with α = 0.849. The researcher analyzed the data with bivariate linear regression. The study suggested a regression coefficient of B = 0.413 with t (89) = 5.314 p

Although initial surgical excision cures 95% of patients, a minority of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs) are judged to be unresectable, either locally advanced or with unresectable regional lymph nodes or distant metastases. These patients are offered systemic treatments. Response rate to chemotherapy is relatively low and not durable, as well as the results obtained with epidermal growth factor inhibitors (EGFRi). Like other cutaneous tumors, cSCCs have high immunogenicity, driven by the high mutational burden, the ultraviolet signature, and the overexpressed tumor antigens. Two checkpoint inhibitors, cemiplimab and pembrolizumab, achieved high response rate and survival with fewer toxicities than other available systemic agents. These promising results prompted to investigate new combination strategies of systemic therapy and surgery or radiotherapy. Subgroup analysis showed promising role of immunotherapy to facilitate surgery in locally advanced cSCC and, in a small group of patients, long-term survivals without resection. However, some cSCCs treated with immunotherapy develop either early or late resistance, so new drugs and new combinations are in a clinical study to overcome the mechanism underpinning these resistances. The present review focuses on the progress with immunotherapy to date and on new therapeutic strategies for cSCC.