95 results on '"Gérard Dufour"'
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2. Barrio Gozalo, Maximiliano. La Embajada de España en Roma en la primera mitad del siglo xviii. Madrid: Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperación, 2017, 417 pp.
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Gérard Dufour
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reseña ,History of Spain ,DP1-402 - Published
- 2020
3. DÍEZ MORRAS, Francisco Javier, De la guerra a la revolución. El primer Liberalismo en la Rioja (1813-1823). Logroño, Gobierno de la Rioja –Instituto de Estudios Riojanos, 2021, 678 pp.
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Gérard Dufour
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History (General) and history of Europe - Abstract
Reseña: DÍEZ MORRAS, Francisco Javier, De la guerra a la revolución. El primer Liberalismo en la Rioja (1813-1823). Logroño, Gobierno de la Rioja –Instituto de Estudios Riojanos, 2021, 678 pp.
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- 2022
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4. RAMÍREZ ALEDÓN, Germán, La Ilustración católica ante la crisis del Antiguo Régimen en España: Joaquín Lorenzo Villanueva y Astergo. Valencia, Real Colegio-Semanario de Corpus Cristi, colección Humanismo e Ilustración, 2021, 699 pp.
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Gérard Dufour
- Subjects
History (General) and history of Europe - Abstract
Reseña de: RAMÍREZ ALEDÓN, Germán, La Ilustración católica ante la crisis del Antiguo Régimen en España: Joaquín Lorenzo Villanueva y Astergo. Valencia, Real Colegio-Semanario de Corpus Cristi, colección Humanismo e Ilustración, 2021, 699 pp.
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- 2022
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5. Napoleon and Ferdinand VII | Napoléon et Ferdinand VII
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Gérard Dufour
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Napoleón I, Emperador de Francia ,Fernando VII, Rey de España ,Bayona ,Tratado de Valençay ,History (General) and history of Europe - Abstract
For Napoleon, Fernando was an enemy by the simple fact of being a Bourbon king. Moreover, Napoleon hardly knew about Fernando until the incidents of El Escorial revealed to him he was a coward and an easy to deceive. The ease with which Fernando fell in the trap of Bayona and his little resistance to his requirements confirmed the Emperor of his opinion. In this way, Napoleon in disdain, kept humiliating him by exasperated by the servility he demonstrated. The military situation in 1813 obligated Napoleon to negotiate with Fernando and even to suggest a marriage with his niece, Zenaide. However, his hatred was such that, as soon as the circumstances permitted, he was determined to dethrone the king. | Para Napoleón, Fernando era un enemigo por el mero hecho de ser un Borbón. Además, no sabía casi nada de él cuando los acontecimientos de El Escorial le revelaron que era cobarde y fácil de engañar. La facilidad con la que le atrajo a Bayona y la poca resistencia a sus exigencias, le confirmaron en su opinión, negándose a reconocerlo como rey. Con lo cual, lleno de menosprecio, no cesó de humillarle, exasperándose del servilismo que Fernando le manifestó. La situación militar de 1813 obligó al Emperador a negociar con Fernando e incluso a proponerle la mano de su sobrina Zénaïde. Pero su odio era tal que estaba decidido, en cuanto lo permitieran las circunstancias, a volver a arrebatarle el trono que se veía obligado a devolverle.
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- 2011
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6. Reseñas
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José Antonio Fernández Flórez, Luis Álvarez Gutiérrez, Cristina Robles Muñoz, Vicente Ángel Álvarez Palenzuela, Fabrice Quero, Gérard Dufour, and José Manuel Latorre Ciria
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History (General) ,D1-2009 ,Religion (General) ,BL1-50 - Published
- 2011
7. La dernière étape de la carrière politique de Floridablanca
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Gérard Dufour
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Floridablanca ,Jovellanos ,Junta Central Suprema ,Seville ,War ,History of Spain ,DP1-402 ,Latin America. Spanish America ,F1201-3799 ,French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature ,PQ1-3999 - Abstract
The funeral eulogies that followed the decease of Floridablanca stressed the recognition that Spain owed him, particularly for his activity as president of the Junta Central. Indeed, from the time of the creation of the Junta Suprema of Murcia to that of the Junta Central, the Count spared no effort to rein in the anarchy, which he believed could fuel popular movements hostile to the French presence. His experience equipped him to overcome the resistance of those who claimed that the Junta Central would usurp the legitimate authority of the sovereign, and under his presidency this new body pursued an extremely conservative policy, characterised particularly by measures favourable to the interests of the Church. The panic that he experienced on hearing of Napoleon's advance on Madrid and his ensuing flight did not prevent his triumphal reception in Seville, the city where he would eventually die.
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- 2009
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8. Repercussions of the Spanish War of Independence on France La repercusión de la Guerra de la Independencia en Francia
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Gérard DUFOUR
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Napoleón ,ejército ,Constitución de Cádiz ,opinión pública ,prensa periódica ,pintura española ,Napoleon ,Army ,Constitution of Cádiz ,Public opinion ,Periodical ,press ,Spanish painting ,History of Spain ,DP1-402 - Abstract
This article analyses the effects of the Spanish War of Independence on Napoleon’s France and the figure of the emperor form several points of view: military, economic, cultural and political.Este trabajo analiza los efectos que sobre la Francia napoleónica y la figura del Emperador provocó la Guerra de la Independencia desde varios puntos de vista: militar, económico, cultural y político.
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- 2009
9. La repercusión de la Guerra de la Independencia en Francia
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Gérard DUFOUR
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napoleón ,ejército ,constitución de cádiz ,opinión pública ,prensa periódica ,pintura española ,napoleon ,army ,constitution of cádiz ,public opinion ,periodical ,press ,spanish painting ,History of Spain ,DP1-402 - Abstract
Este trabajo analiza los efectos que sobre la Francia napoleónica y la figura del Emperador provocó la Guerra de la Independencia desde varios puntos de vista: militar, económico, cultural y político.
- Published
- 2009
10. Le roi philosophe
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Gérard Dufour
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Afrancesados ,Humanitarianism ,Bonaparte Joseph ,Clary Julie ,Bonaparte Napoleon ,Peninsular War ,History of Spain ,DP1-402 ,Latin America. Spanish America ,F1201-3799 ,French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature ,PQ1-3999 - Abstract
To his supporters, Joseph I was the personification of the «philosopher king». Patriots took up the expression, but as a term of derision, claiming that his forte was not philosophy but epicureanism. Looking beyond the stoicism which he evinced in the face of adversity, this article analyses the essential traits of that philosophy, that is the ethical principles according to which Joseph, on the Spanish throne, modelled his conduct and sought to behave as a «friend of men», in keeping with the novel that he had published in 1799, Moïna, and it attempts to distinguish the influences (Queen Julie, the Freemasons) that instilled such an attitude in the Emperor’s brother.
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- 2008
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11. Godoy and the Church | Godoy y la Iglesia
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Gérard Dufour
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España ,Antiguo Régimen ,Religión ,Godoy y Álvarez de Faria, Manuel ,Clero ,Santa Sede ,History (General) and history of Europe - Abstract
«Column of faith», according to Popes Pius VI and Pius VII and their Secretaries of State, or declared enemy of the Church, according to the majority of Spanish clerics, Godoy had an ambivalent attitude towards the Church. He showed the greatest respect towards the Holy See and offered it all his diplomatic support in return for its approval of the reforms he deemed essential in Spain: to put an end to the clergy's privileged status, and instead, to place it – and its riches – at the service of the monarchy, in line with the system envisaged by Calonne and introduced by Napoleon in France. | «Columna de la fe», según los papas Pío VI y Pío VII y sus secretarios de Estado, o enemigo declarado de la Iglesia, según la mayoría de los eclesiásticos españoles, Godoy tuvo una doble actitud con la Iglesia. Éste mostró el mayor respeto y prestó el mayor apoyo diplomático a la Santa Sede con el propósito de que aprobara las reformas que juzgaba imprescindibles en España: dejar de considerar al clero como un estado privilegiado, para ponerlo, con sus riquezas, al servicio de la monarquía según un sistema ya imaginado en Francia por Calonne y aplicado por Napoleón.
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- 2004
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12. El «Ordo Docendi» Ilustrado de Moseñor Marcos de Lianes para el seminario Conciliar de Segovia (1783)
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Gérard DUFOUR
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History of education ,LA5-2396 - Abstract
RESUMEN: Resultaría ocioso, en esta revista, subrayar la importancia de los seminarios conciliares como centros docentes encargados de la educación de futuros eclesiásticos, o sea, de la élite social e intelectual que habría de formar e informar a las masas incultas. Sin embargo, situándonos en la línea de trabajos recientes —los de Antonio Viñao Frago y Cayetano Mas Galván, para el Seminario Conciliar de San Fulgencio, de Murcia, y de Luis Barbastro Gil, para el de Segorbe, que muestran claramente la relación existente entre la enseñanza dispensada en estos centros y la postura «jansenista», primero, y luego «constitucional» de sus alumnos durante el Trienio Liberal— quisiéramos llamar la atención sobre el Seminario de San Frutos y San Ildefonso, de Segovia (otro foco de jansenismo y liberalismo), cuyas constituciones, presentadas por el obispo don Alfonso Marcos de Lianes, fueron aprobadas en 1783.
- Published
- 2010
13. La historiografía francesa y la Guerra de la Convención
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Gérard DUFOUR
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Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
¿Hubo alguna vez una guerra entre la Francia revolucionaria y España? Si se hiciera esta pregunta en Francia, en uno de estos juegos radiofónicos o televisivos basados en una cultura supuestamente enciclopédica, más de un concursante (por no decir la inmensa mayoría de ellos) no tendría más remedio que remitirse al azar y echarlo a cara o cruz. Incluso entre gente culta. Si consultamos, por ejemplo, un manual de enseñanza media utilizado en la inmediata post-guerra (cuando el bachillerato estaba todavía reservado a una ínfima minoría pretendidamente selecta, y cuando la enseñanza de la historia consistía únicamente en el conocimiento de los acontecimientos, con los mayores detalles posibles) constatamos que la llamada «Guerra gran» casi se presentaba como una escaramuza en medio del conflicto que oponía a Francia y la Primera Coalición, y cuyos acontecimientos importantes fueron la lucha contra Ingleses y Austríacos (en Flandes), Prusianos (en Lorena y Alsacia) y los rebeldes realistas (fundamentalmente en el Oeste, con la chouannerie, pero también ciudades como Lyon, Marsella y Tolón).
- Published
- 2009
14. Presentación
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Gérard DUFOUR
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Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
En los últimos años, en buena medida gracias a la celebración del bicentenario de la Revolución Francesa, se ha dado un paso cualitativo en el conocimiento sobre la guerra librada entre España y Francia en 1793-95. Sin negar el carácter de reacción entusiasta de los españoles contra la revolución, asunto colocado en primero y casi exclusivo plano por los estudios históricos de sesgo decimonónico, las nuevas investigaciones han ampliado el significado y las consecuencias de esta guerra, con lo cual el acontecimiento adquiere relevancia para explicar la crisis del Antiguo Régimen en España.
- Published
- 2009
15. El Evangelio en triunfo o la historia de… la fabricación de un sueño editorial
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Gérard DUFOUR
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History of Spain ,DP1-402 - Abstract
RESUMEN: El rápido éxito de El Evangelio en triunfo impresionó a los contemporáneos. El estudio de los anuncios de librería de la Gaceta de Madrid nos revela que tal éxito fue fabricado con la mayor habilidad por el impresor Doblado, con evidente consentimiento de Olavide que hacía así pública, muy a honra suya, una contrición que el Inquisidor General había aceptado recibir en secreto.ABSTRACT: Contempories were impressed by the swiftness and importance of El Evangelio en triunfo. The study of advertisements from bookshops in the Gaceta de Madrid reveal that, in fact, this success was engineered by the printer Doblado, with Olavide’consent, who made public and free of disgrace the act of contrition which the Inquisitor General had, secretly, agreed to receive.
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- 2009
16. Introducción
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Gérard Dufour and Emilio La Parra
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History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Full Text
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17. La prensa española y la epidemia de fiebre amarilla de Barcelona de 1821
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Gérard Dufour
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Catalonia ,Barcelona ,crisis ,yellow fever ,epidemic ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
In 1821, France followed with passion the outbreak of yellow fever in Barcelona, that was the main focus of the press. Surprisingly, the latter scarcely used Spanish newspapers as a source of information, as was common practice at a time when news agencies did not exist. Why was it the case? By analysing the way daily newspapers reported on the sanitary crisis in the Catalonian capital, this article tries to give an answer. Although the whole kingdom expressed compassion and solidarity toward the unfortunate inhabitants of Barcelona, media focus translated in very different ways depending on whether it appeared in newspapers of the Catalonian capital, in local or national Madrid-based newspapers, or in other regional media. Obviously, except for Catalonia itself, the yellow fever was not the main focus of Spaniards: worries about the political situation came before those about the dramatic consequences of the epidemic.
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18. Introduction
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Gérard Dufour
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History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Full Text
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19. La Gazeta de Vitoria (23 de agosto – 11 de noviembre de 1808)
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Gérard Dufour and Patxi Viana
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Peninsular War ,Joseph I ,Vitoria ,Alava ,Gazeta de la Corte ,Gazeta de Vitoria ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
Although existence, in the library of the Diocesan Seminary of Vitoria-Gasteiz, of a complete series of Joseph I’s official newspaper published when he, and what remained of his Court, had to take refuge in the capital of Alava between august and november 1808, after fleeing Madrid, was revealed nearly 30 years ago, the Gazeta de la Corte, that was soon renamed Gazeta de Vitoria, has not been used or studied by researchers until today. In that paper, that intends to remedy that situation, the reader will find a description of that paper and of its rhythm of publication ; lights on who its publisher and editors may have been ; an analysis of its content that reveals that the Gazeta de Vitoria was also a Gazette off the Empire controlled by the Emperor of France and King of Italy ; the role played by Joseph I himself in the orientation of the newspaper ; the distribution of the latter in all of the kingdom (in territories occupied by imperial troops as well as in free Spain) ; its echo in the French press and its disappearing when Joseph, following his brother Napoleon, left Vitoria. Two appendixes complete this work: the first is made by the list of royal decrees and orders published in the newspaper, and the second by a full copy of issues preserved in the Diocesan Seminary of Vitoria-Gasteiz, issues that meant the birth of press in the city and, logically, in the Basque Country.
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20. Periódicos publicados en francés en España durante el Trienio Liberal
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Gérard Dufour
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Trienio Liberal (1820-1823) ,Écho de l’Europe (L’) ,Régulateur (Le) ,Observateur espagnol (L’) ,Boussole (La) ,Bousquet-Deschamps (Lucien) ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
This paper is the first study on the four French language newspapers that were published in Spain during the Trienio Liberal: L’Écho de l’Europe, Le Régulateur, L’Observateur espagnol and La Boussole. Except for the latter, which existence is known only through two advertisings for its first issue in the Spanish and French press, conditions in which these publications were created, edited and distributed are analysed, as are the life and ideological path of their editors (Bousquet-Deschamps, Chapuis and Voidet, respectively), and their impact on French and British diplomatic circles, particularly for Le Régulateur and L’Observateur espagnol, that were considered as bribed spokesmen for ministers Bardají and San Miguel. An important Annex reproduces the seven issues of L’Écho de l’Europe saved at the Biblioteca Nacional de España, an issue of Le Régulateur from the library of Parliament, and extracts or abstracts (in French or translated in Spanish) that appeared in contemporary publications.
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21. Introducción
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Gérard Dufour and Emilio La Parra
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History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Full Text
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22. Les débuts de la Révolution d’Espagne de 1808 vus de Londres par le rédacteur de L’Ambigu..., Jean-Gabriel Peltier
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Gérard Dufour
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Peninsular War ,Napoleon ,Peltier (Jean-Gabriel) ,Charles IV ,Ferdinand VII ,Revolution of Spain ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
L’Ambigu ou Variétés politiques et littéraires, published in London by French royalist expatriate Jean-Gabriel Peltier, served, during the Peninsular War, from Cadix to Saint-Petersburgh, as a major source of information for all press editors who wanted to counter the propaganda spread by Le Moniteur and the Journal de l’Empire. But before being one of the « most illustrious and fearless defenders of the throne and the altar », and incitating Spaniards to raise up in defense of the rights of Ferdinand VII, Peltier had some difficulty in dealing with the events of Aranjuez and Bayonne that corresponded to the begining of the 1808 Revolution of Spain. Writing his political column step by step, based on the sole informations published by the imperial press, and accumulating important delays in publishing the issues of L’Ambigu, Peltier was of course extremely critical against Napoleon, accusing him including of cowardness. He was nevertheless less severe toward the Prince of Peace. But he was smooth neither for Charles IV, neither, mostly, for Ferdinand (« the Simpleton ») and his advisers (« children » and « donkeys »), and he condemned with no ambiguity a popular uprising that could only aggravate the fate of Spaniards. Only after the Parliament session closure speech of Georges III, on the 4th of July, 1808, did he become the advocate of the « holy uprising of Spain » and the enthusiastic defender of Ferdinand The Desired, giving up the use of informations given only by Le Moniteur and publishing many documents issued in London from the 10th of June by the delegates of the General Junta of Asturias near the British governement. Beyond the vacillations of a journalist who had to deal with unexpected events, Peltier’s attitude also gives us indications on that of his master, Louis XVIII, who considered himself as the « head of the Bourbon home », and who did not appreciate either the behaviour of the Prince of Asturias in Aranjuez and Bayonne.
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23. La Gazeta de Valencia de 1812
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Gérard Dufour
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propaganda ,Peninsular War ,Napoleon ,Valencia ,Gazettes ,Joseph I ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
The collection of the Gazeta de Valencia, published in 1812 under the control of Mariscal Suchet, stored in the Biblioteca Valenciana, provides important information on the relationship between Suchet and the King Joseph I. In addition to the traditional informationconcerning the condition of the subscription, the prologue, published on the 1st of February, 1812 (one month after the arrival of Frencharmy in Valencia), shows clearly that the Marshal of the Empire acted on behalf of Napoleon and paid less attention to his brother. The independence of Suchet with regard to Joseph also becomes apparent in the choice of news from Madrid, which were carefully chosen with the aim of not overshadowing Duke of Albufera. By the time when the « rey errante » retired in Valencia, the Gazeta de Valencia continued in the hands of Suchet, despite the fact that Llorente, one of the accredited propangandists of the new dynasty along with Moratin and Estala, collaborated in the Gazeta, Not being able to spread the journal in the former Kingdom of Valencia (Alicante was never occupied by the imperial army), Suchet managed to spread the correspondence of auxiliary bishop Miguel Suarez de Santander, which was published in the Gazeta in Zaragoza. Therefore, the Gazeta stand for the official organ of journal in the viceroyalty, that Aragon and Valencia represented for Suchet.
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24. Juan Antonio Llorente, collaborateur de périodiques français et espagnols, rédacteur des Conversaciones de Cándido y Prudencio sobre el estado actual de España (1820)
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Gérard Dufour
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Clergy ,Llorente (Juan Antonio) ,Conversaciones de Cándido y Prudencio sobre el estado actual de España ,Revue encyclopédique ,Journal général de législation et de jurisprudence ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
Juan Antonio Llorente was one of the numerous ecclesiastics who wrote for the press, a new means of communication in the Spain of the eighteenth century. He passed to posterity as the first historian of the Inquisition. Beside that, Juan Antonio Llorente is an interesting case as he collaborated both to French and Spanish newspapers and published in Paris, in 1820, a periodical intended for his compatriots : Conversaciones entre Cándido y Prudencio sobre el estado actual de España . This paper presents and analyzes his career as a journalist, something that has not been much studied up to now.
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25. Les correspondances interceptées publiées dans les presses officielles pendant la Guerre d’Indépendance
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Gérard Dufour
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war’s press ,Peninsular War ,Joseph I ,Gaceta de Madrid ,Estala (Pedro) ,intercepted letters ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
After presenting the official press published during the Peninsular War, by the afrancesado government as well as by the Junta Central and the Regency, the way intercepted letters (genuine or not) were used by both sides, and the efficiency of this use, are analyzed.
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26. Les autorités françaises et la Gaceta de Madrid à l’aube de la Guerre d’Indépendance
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Gérard Dufour
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propaganda ,Peninsular War ,Gaceta de Madrid ,Murat ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
We know the importance of propaganda in the War of Spain. On the French side, the attempt to convince the Spanish public opinion of the uselessness of all resistance starts even before the beginning of the conflict with the seizure from the French military authorities of the Gaceta de Madrid which receives without any difficulty the translations of the proclamations of the Bulletin de l’Armée d’Espagne, especially in special issues which emphasize the will of the Emperor’s lieutenant, Murat, consisting in dramatizing the situation. The new sovereign, Ferdinand VII and his Secretary of State, Pedro Ceballos, did try to retake the control of the Gaceta, but in vain.
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27. Une éphémère revue afrancesada : El Imparcial de Pedro Estala (mars-août 1809)
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Gérard Dufour
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Peninsular War ,Imparcial o Gazeta política y literaria (El) ,Estala (Pedro) ,afrancesada press ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
To convince their fellow countrymen to embrace the new dynasty, the afrancesados often used the press – most of the time in vain. One of these failed attempts is analyzed there: the creation by one of the most brilliant literary men of his time, Pedro Estala, of a biweekly, El Imparcial, which advertising, inserted in the Gazeta de Madrid, permits to understand the strategy of its editor, and the reasons of his failure.
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28. La campagne de presse des Amis de la Religion en faveur de l’intervention militaire française en Espagne en 1823
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Gérard Dufour
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liberalism ,absolutism ,Louis XVIII ,Fernando VII ,Spanish war 1823 ,religious Press ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
This article analyses the participation of the two main ecclesiastical publications of the time (The Friend of Religion and the King and Tablets of the clergy and of the Friends of Religion, funded 1814 and 1822) to the real crusade that was waged by the Ultra press, as soon as the end of January, 1820, in favor of a French military intervention in Spain, to protect the « legitimate » rights of the Throne and the Altar.It shows how information provided to French clergymen, on the fate reserved to their Spanish colleagues by revolutionaries, awoke in them memories of the Terror and persecutions endured at that time, that they may have to face again if evil was left spreading. It shows how, based on (true or false) news such publicized, priests engaged in their sermons (with the utmost success) the faithful to demonstrate through public prayers, their wish to see France restore Ferdinand VII as an absolute monarch.
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29. « Roucouler la guerre; vociférer la paix »:les événements d'Espagne de 1820 à 1823 dans les poèmes publiés par la presse française de l'époque
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Gérard Dufour
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Riego (Rafael del) ,Quiroga (Antonio) ,Angoulême (duke of) ,Louis XVIII ,Ferdinand VII ,Marañón (Gregorio / The Trappist) ,French press 1820-1823 ,poesy ,pest ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
At a time when anything relevant had to be versified, the study of poems on Spanish events published between 1820 and 1823 in a straightly censored French press, permits to comprehend the dialectic between the power and the different factions of public opinion that would result, despite reluctance of Louis XVIII himself, in France's military intervention to re-establish Ferdinand VII as an absolute monarch.81 poems on the events of Spain published in the French press (1820-1823) can be found in the appendix to this study.
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30. L’Ami de la Religion et du Roi et El Restaurador, même combat
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Gérard Dufour
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El Restaurador (1823-1824) ,L’Ami de la Religion et du Roi (1814-1861) ,ultraroyalism ,ultramontanism ,Trienio Liberal (1820-1823) ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
A "servil" newspaper established by P. Manuel Martinez in June, 1823, El Restaurador was the Spanish version of L'Ami de la Religion et du Roi, an ultraroyalist and ultramontanist newspaper created in France in 1814 by Mr Picot. The same goals appear in both, as well as the same themes - including exaltation of the victims of the Revolution, systematically, and sometimes difficultly, elevated to the status of Martyrs of Faith. Although a difference can be found on the treatment of information about the death of Riego, both publications are perfectly identical. Nevertheless, motivations of their editors were not : that of L’Ami de la Religion et du Roi is ultraroyalist because only absolute monarchy can ensure triumph of ultramontanism that he wants to bring to France ; that of El Restaurador is ultramontanist because it is the only way to justify the absolutism he stands for.
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31. Le Trienio liberal dans la presse de la République d’Haïti
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Gérard Dufour
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Haitian Press ,Haïti ,L’Abeille haytienne ,Le Télégraphe ,Le Propagateur haïtien ,La Concorde. Journal Historique Politique et Littéraire. ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
European nations were not the only ones to follow with interest - or even passion - the events of what was then called the Second Spanish Revolution, and the press (both official and unofficial) of the Republic of Haiti informed its readers as regularly as it could on the evolution of the situation in the Iberian Peninsula between 1820 and 1823. Although, at first, it cared about being perfectly neutral between the opposing sides, its sympathy for the Liberals who had ended the inquisition and expelled the Jesuits could be perceived. But when the Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis crossed the Bidassoa, despite indifference of some of its fellow countrymen, it clearly took sides in favour of the Constitutionalists, fearing that, in case of success, France, which had not yet recognised the island's independence, would turn its weapons against it.
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32. El Amigo de la Religión: el servil por la Constitución
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Gérard Dufour
- Subjects
Clergy ,Amigo de la Religión (El) ,Verdadero Amigo de la Religión (El) ,Trienio Liberal (1820-1823) ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Modern history, 1453- ,D204-475 - Abstract
The role of the clergy (given huge influence through predication and confession) was decisive in public opinion building during the Trienio Liberal. Therefore, absolutists and liberals used all means available to convince the privileged cultural influencers that priests were to embrace their cause, and to give them decisive arguments for convincing the faithful. This is how journals specifically aimed at them appeared, thus as El Amigo de la Religion, to which this paper is dedicated. After examining conditions of its establishment and the way it was distributed, analysis focuses on the very specific way in which the consitutional text was used to paralyse action of the liberals, and how an other journal in Barcelona, El verdadero amigo de la Religion, tried to counterbalance its influence.
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33. La Gazeta de Vitoria (23 de agosto – 11 de noviembre de 1808)
- Author
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Gérard Dufour and Patxi Viana
- Subjects
Guerra de la Independencia ,Peninsular War ,Alava ,Modern history, 1453 ,D204-475 ,Napoleón I ,Gazeta de la Corte ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Álava ,Guerre d’Indépendance ,Gazeta de Vitoria ,José I ,Joseph I ,Vitoria - Abstract
Cela fait presque 30 ans que les historiens ont été informés de la présence, à la bibliothèque du Séminaire Diocésain de Vitoria-Gasteiz, d’une collection complète du journal officiel que fit publier Joseph I quand il dut, avec ce qui lui restait de sa cour, se réfugier dans la capitale de l’Alava, la Gazeta de la Corte, qui devint rapidement la Gazeta de Vitoria. Et pourtant, ce périodique n’a été jusqu’à présent ni utilisé, ni analysé par les chercheurs. Cet article vient combler cette lacune et le lecteur y trouvera la description de cette publication et de son rythme de parution, des précisions sur ceux qui purent en l’être l’éditeur et les rédacteurs ; une analyse de son contenu qui révèle que la Gazeta de Vitoria fut également une gazette de l’Empire sous contrôle de l’empereur des français et roi d’Italie, le rôle que Joseph I joua dans son orientation, sa diffusion dans tout le royaume, ( aussi bien les territoires occupés par les troupe impériales que dans l’Espagne libre) : son écho dans la presse française et sa disparition quand Joseph abandonna Vitoria à la suite de son frère Napoléon. Deux appendices complètent ce travail : le premier est constitué par la liste des décrets et ordonnances signés par le roi publiés dans la gazette ; le second par la publication de l’intégralité des numéros conservés à la bibliothèque diocésaine de Vitoria-Gasteiz, exemplaires qui témoignent de la naissance de la presse de cette ville et, par là-même, du Pays Basque. Aunque se reveló, hace ya casi 30 años, la existencia en la biblioteca del Seminario Diocesano de Vitoria-Gasteiz de una colección completa del periódico oficial de José I publicado cuando él y lo que le quedaba de corte, huidos de Madrid, tuvieron que refugiarse en la capital alavesa entre agosto y noviembre de 1808, la Gazeta de la Corte, que pasó rápidamente a llamarse Gazeta de Vitoria, no ha sido ni utilizada, ni estudiada hasta hoy por los investigadores. En este artículo, que viene a remediar esta laguna, el lector hallará un descriptivo de este papel y de su ritmo de publicación; una aclaración sobre quiénes pudieron ser su editor y sus redactores; un análisis del contenido que revela que la Gazeta de Vitoria fue también una gazeta del Imperio controlada por el emperador de los franceses y rey de Italia; el papel que el propio José I tomó en la orientación del periódico; la difusión de este en todo el reino (tanto en el territorio ocupado por las tropas imperiales como en la España libre); su eco en la prensa gala y su desaparición cuando José, siguiendo a su hermano Napoleón, abandonó Vitoria. Dos apéndices completan este trabajo: el primero consiste en la lista de los reales decretos y órdenes publicados en el periódico y el segundo en la copia integral de los ejemplares conservados en el Seminario Diocesano de Vitoria-Gasteiz, unos ejemplares que supusieron el nacimiento de la prensa en la ciudad y, lógicamente, en el País Vasco. Although existence, in the library of the Diocesan Seminary of Vitoria-Gasteiz, of a complete series of Joseph I’s official newspaper published when he, and what remained of his Court, had to take refuge in the capital of Alava between august and november 1808, after fleeing Madrid, was revealed nearly 30 years ago, the Gazeta de la Corte, that was soon renamed Gazeta de Vitoria, has not been used or studied by researchers until today. In that paper, that intends to remedy that situation, the reader will find a description of that paper and of its rhythm of publication ; lights on who its publisher and editors may have been ; an analysis of its content that reveals that the Gazeta de Vitoria was also a Gazette off the Empire controlled by the Emperor of France and King of Italy ; the role played by Joseph I himself in the orientation of the newspaper ; the distribution of the latter in all of the kingdom (in territories occupied by imperial troops as well as in free Spain) ; its echo in the French press and its disappearing when Joseph, following his brother Napoleon, left Vitoria. Two appendixes complete this work: the first is made by the list of royal decrees and orders published in the newspaper, and the second by a full copy of issues preserved in the Diocesan Seminary of Vitoria-Gasteiz, issues that meant the birth of press in the city and, logically, in the Basque Country.
- Published
- 2022
34. Introducción
- Author
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Gérard Dufour and Emilio La Parra
- Subjects
Modern history, 1453 ,D204-475 ,History (General) and history of Europe - Published
- 2022
35. Periódicos publicados en francés en España durante el Trienio Liberal
- Author
-
Gérard Dufour
- Subjects
Observateur espagnol (L’) ,Modern history, 1453 ,Boussole (La) ,Trienio Liberal (1820-1823) ,D204-475 ,History (General) and history of Europe ,Chapuis (Pierre) ,Voidet (Jean-Louis) ,Régulateur (Le) ,Écho de l’Europe (L’) ,Bousquet-Deschamps (Lucien) - Abstract
Este artículo constituye el primer estudio sobre los cuatro periódicos escritos en francés publicados en España durante el Trienio Liberal: L’Écho de l’Europe, Le Régulateur, L’Observateur espagnol y La Boussole. A excepción de este último título, cuya existencia tan solo conocemos por un par de anuncios de su primer número en la prensa española y francesa, se analiza en qué condiciones aparecieron, se editaron y se difundieron estas publicaciones; la trayectoria vital e ideológica de sus redactores (respectivamente, Bousquet-Deschamps, Chapuis y Voidet) así como el impacto que tuvieron no solo en publicaciones españolas, francesas y europeas, sino también en los medios diplomáticos franceses y británicos, especialmente por lo que se refiere a Le Régulateur y L’Observateur espagnol, a los que se consideraba como portavoces estipendiados de los ministros Bardají y San Miguel. Un amplio apéndice reproduce los siete números de L’Écho de l’Europe conservados por la Biblioteca Nacional de España, un ejemplar de Le Régulateur que se halla en la biblioteca del Congreso de los diputados, así como fragmentos y extractos (en francés o traducidos al castellano) reproducidos en publicaciones contemporáneas. Cet article constitue la première étude sur les quatre périodiques écrits en français qui parurent en Espagne pendant le Trienio Liberal: L’Écho de l’Europe, Le Régulateur, L’Observateur espagnol y La Boussole. A l’exception de ce dernier titre, dont on ne connaît l’existence que par deux annonces de son premier numéro dans la presse espagnole et française, on y analyse les conditions dans lesquelles furent créées, éditées et diffusées ces publications; la trajectoire vitale et idéologique de leurs rédacteurs (respectivement, Bousquet-Deschmaps, Chapuis et Voidet) ainsi que leur impact dans les milieux diplomatiques français et britaniques, en particulier pour ce qui est du Régulateur et de L’Observateur espagnol, que l’on considérait comme les porte-paroles stipendiés des ministres Bardají et San Miguel. Un important appendice reproduit les sept numéros de L’Écho de l’Europe conservés par la Biblioteca Nacional de España, un exemplaire du Régulateur qui se trouve à la bibliothèque du Congrès des Députés ainsi que des fragments ou des résumés (en français ou traduits en espagnol) reproduits dans des publications contemporaines. This paper is the first study on the four French language newspapers that were published in Spain during the Trienio Liberal: L’Écho de l’Europe, Le Régulateur, L’Observateur espagnol and La Boussole. Except for the latter, which existence is known only through two advertisings for its first issue in the Spanish and French press, conditions in which these publications were created, edited and distributed are analysed, as are the life and ideological path of their editors (Bousquet-Deschamps, Chapuis and Voidet, respectively), and their impact on French and British diplomatic circles, particularly for Le Régulateur and L’Observateur espagnol, that were considered as bribed spokesmen for ministers Bardají and San Miguel. An important Annex reproduces the seven issues of L’Écho de l’Europe saved at the Biblioteca Nacional de España, an issue of Le Régulateur from the library of Parliament, and extracts or abstracts (in French or translated in Spanish) that appeared in contemporary publications.
- Published
- 2022
36. Le libéral malgré lui
- Author
-
Gérard Dufour
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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37. La Santa Alianza de los pueblos: liberales franceses y españoles en el Trienio Liberal
- Author
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Gérard Dufour, Temps, espaces, langages Europe méridionale-Méditerranée (TELEMME), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
- Subjects
History ,vigilancia policial ,surveillance policière ,media_common.quotation_subject ,French liberals ,Police monitoring ,Liberales franceses ,Constitutionalism ,traductions ,Martyr ,Political science ,libéralisme ,Translations ,media_common ,retratos ,Constitution ,lcsh:History (General) and history of Europe ,liberales franceses ,Traducciones ,16. Peace & justice ,Vigilancia policial ,Intervention (law) ,Trienio Liberal (1820-1823) ,lcsh:D ,Historia Contemporánea ,[SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History ,Humanities ,traducciones - Abstract
En 1820, los liberales franceses acogieron con entusiasmo la aceptación de la Constitución por parte de Fernando VII y ensalzaron a Quiroga y a Riego masivamente. Desde el primer momento, emprendieron una inmensa labor de divulgación de la carta magna, traducida al francés, y de textos relacionados con la misma. Varios autores resaltaron el carácter universal de la Constitución española. Otros propusieron mejoras. La intensa vigilancia ejercida por la policía francesa respecto a los contactos entre liberales de ambos países prueba sobradamente la existencia de tales relaciones. Sin embargo, la gran desilusión de los constitucionalistas tuvo su origen en el ejército galo, que se mostró mucho menos adicto a la causa de la libertad de lo que esperaban. Los liberales franceses no pudieron impedir la intervención militar de 1823. Tuvieron que soportar el triunfo de los serviles y lo único que pudieron hacer fue rendir a Riego el culto que se merecía como mártir de la revolución. In 1820, the French liberals enthusiastically welcomed the validation of the Constitution by Ferdinand VII, and celebrated Quiroga and Riego in all possible ways. From the very first moment, the French liberals engaged in a huge effort to spread translations of the Magna Carta and related texts. Several authors insisted on the universal nature of the Spanish Constitution. Others suggested some improvements. The acute monitoring by the French police of contacts among Liberals from both nations provides enough evidence of the extent of those relations. However, the huge disillusion of the Constitutionalists came from the French army, whose members proved much less favourable to the cause of freedom than the former had hoped. The French liberals could not prevent the military intervention. They had but to endure the triumph of the absolutists, and the only thing they could do was pay Riego the homage he deserved as a martyr of the revolution.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Rafael del Riego dans la poésie de circonstance du Triennat libéral
- Author
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Gérard Dufour
- Subjects
Trágala ,Rafael del Riego ,poésie politique ,General Medicine ,Himno de Riego ,political poetry ,16. Peace & justice ,poesía política - Abstract
En 1820, avec le rétablissement de la Constitution de Cadix, la politique envahit tous les espaces, et notamment la poésie. Bon nombre des vers composés à cette période ont disparu. Mais ceux que l’on peut retrouver sont toutefois fort précieux pour juger de l’évolution de l’opinion publique qu’ils entendaient former et qu’en fait ils reflétaient. Les poèmes consacrés à Riego, qui en quatre ans passa du pinacle à l’échafaud, sont particulièrement significatifs de ce point de vue. Ils permettent de voir, notamment, comment l’entourage du général mit en place un très efficace système de communication qui lui valut très vite l’immense popularité qu’il connut tandis que, avant même le rétablissement de Ferdinand VII comme souverain absolu, en 1823, les serviles l’accusèrent de tous les crimes et exigèrent pour lui non seulement la peine capitale mais que son corps fut dépecé. En 1820, con el restablecimiento de la Constitución de Cádiz, la política invade todos los espacios, y especialmente la poesía. Numerosos versos compuestos en aquella época han desaparecido. Pero los que podemos rastrear son sin embargo muy útiles para apreciar la evolución de la opinión pública que pretendían formar y de la que eran el reflejo. Los poemas consagrados a Riego, que en cuatro años pasó del pináculo al cadalso, son especialmente significativos desde este punto de vista. Permiten apreciar, entre otras cosas, cómo el entorno del general puso en marcha un sistema de comunicación sumamente eficaz que le permitió alcanzar rapidísimamente una inmensa popularidad, mientras que, en 1823, antes siquiera del restablecimiento de Fernando VII como soberano absoluto, los serviles le acusaron de todos los crímenes y exigieron para el él no solo la pena capital, sino que su cuerpo fuera descuartizado. In 1820, with the Cadix Constitution being re-established, politics invaded all fields, including poetry. Many verses written then have since disappeared. But those that can be recovered have great value for understanding the evolution of a public opinion they intended to craft, and they in fact reflected. Poems dedicated to Riego, who in the course of four years fell from grace to the scaffold, are particularly meaningful from that point of view. They permit to see how the general’s followers elaborated a highly efficient public relations system which quickly owned him the huge popularity he experimented whereas, even before the reestablishment of Ferdinand VII as an absolute monarch, in 1823, serviles charged him with all imaginable crimes, and called not only for him to be executed, but for his body to be skinned.
- Published
- 2020
39. Introducción
- Author
-
Gérard Dufour and Emilio La Parra
- Subjects
lcsh:History (General) and history of Europe ,lcsh:D ,lcsh:D204-475 ,lcsh:Modern history, 1453 - Published
- 2020
40. Le Trienio liberal dans la presse de la République d’Haïti
- Author
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Gérard Dufour, Temps, espaces, langages Europe méridionale-Méditerranée (TELEMME), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
- Subjects
La Concorde. Journal Historique Politique et Littéraire ,prensa haitiana ,lcsh:History (General) and history of Europe ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Haitian Press ,Art ,L’Abeille haytienne ,Triennat libéral (1820-1823) ,16. Peace & justice ,Le Télégraphe ,Trienio Liberal (1820-1823) ,lcsh:D ,lcsh:D204-475 ,Haïti ,Le Propagateur haïtien ,[SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History ,Humanities ,presse haïtienne ,lcsh:Modern history, 1453 ,media_common - Abstract
International audience; European nations were not the only ones to follow with interest - or even passion - the events of what was then called the Second Spanish Revolution, and the press (both official and unofficial) of the Republic of Haiti informed its readers as regularly as it could on the evolution of the situation in the Iberian Peninsula between 1820 and 1823. Although, at first, it cared about being perfectly neutral between the opposing sides, its sympathy for the Liberals who had ended the inquisition and expelled the Jesuits could be perceived. But when the Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis crossed the Bidassoa, despite indifference of some of its fellow countrymen, it clearly took sides in favour of the Constitutionalists, fearing that, in case of success, France, which had not yet recognised the island's independence, would turn its weapons against it.; Las naciones europeas no fueron las únicas que siguieron con interés, e incluso apasionamiento, los acontecimientos de lo que se llamó entonces la segunda revolución de España y la prensa (oficial y oficiosa) de la república de Haití informó con la regularidad que pudo a sus lectores de la situación en la península ibérica entre 1820 y 1823. Incluso si, en un primer momento, intentó manifestar la mayor imparcialidad entre las fuerzas en presencia, dejó ver su simpatía por unos liberales que habían abolido la Inquisición y echado a los jesuitas. Pero cuando los Cien Mil Hijos de San Luis pasaron el Bidasoa, pese a la indiferencia de algunos de sus compatriotas, se declaró claramente a favor de los constitucionales, temiendo que en caso de éxito Francia, que todavía no había reconocido la independencia de la] isla, usase sus armas contra ella.; Les nations européennes ne furent pas les seules à suivre avec intérêt, voire passion, les événements de ce qu’on appela alors la seconde révolution d’Espagne et la presse (officielle et officieuse) de la république d’Haïti informa aussi régulièrement que possible ses lecteurs de l’évolution de la situation dans la péninsule ibérique entre 1820 et 1823. Même si, dans un premier temps, elle veilla à afficher la plus grande neutralité entre les forces en présence, elle laissa voir sa sympathie pour des libéraux qui avaient aboli l’Inquisition et chassé les jésuites. Mais, lorsque les Cent Mille Fils de Saint Louis franchirent la Bidassoa, malgré l’indifférence de certains de ses compatriotes, elle prit clairement position en faveur des constitutionnels, craignant qu’en cas de succès, la France, qui n’avait toujours pas reconnu l’indépendance de l’île, ne tournât ses armes contre elle.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. El Amigo de la Religión: el servil por la Constitución
- Author
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Gérard Dufour, Temps, espaces, langages Europe méridionale-Méditerranée (TELEMME), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
- Subjects
clero ,lcsh:History (General) and history of Europe ,media_common.quotation_subject ,clergé ,Art ,Triennat libéral (1820-1823) ,16. Peace & justice ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,Trienio liberal ,Trienio Liberal (1820-1823) ,lcsh:D ,Verdadero Amigo de la Religión (El) ,lcsh:D204-475 ,Clergy ,[SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History ,Humanities ,Amigo de la Religión (El) ,lcsh:Modern history, 1453 ,media_common - Abstract
International audience; The role of the clergy (given huge influence through predication and confession) was decisive in public opinion building during the Trienio Liberal. Therefore, absolutists and liberals used all means available to convince the privileged cultural influencers that priests were to embrace their cause, and to give them decisive arguments for convincing the faithful. This is how journals specifically aimed at them appeared, thus as El Amigo de la Religion, to which this paper is dedicated. After examining conditions of its establishment and the way it was distributed, analysis focuses on the very specific way in which the consitutional text was used to paralyse action of the liberals, and how an other journal in Barcelona, El verdadero amigo de la Religion, tried to counterbalance its influence.; El papel del clero (con la enorme influencia que suponían el púlpito y el confesionario) fue capital en la formación de la opinión pública durante el Trienio liberal. Así que absolutistas y liberales se desvelaron por convencer a estos intermediarios culturales privilegiados que eran los clérigos de abrazar su causa y proporcionarles argumentos decisivos para convencer a los fieles. Con lo cual aparecieron periódicos especialmente destinados a ellos como El Amigo de la Religión al que consagramos este artículo. Después de examinar las condiciones en las que se creó y se difundió esta revista, se analiza cómo se utilizó en sus páginas el propio texto constitucional para paralizar la acción de los liberales y cómo otro periódico barcelonés, El verdadero Amigo de la Religión intentó rebatir su influencia.; Le rôle du clergé (avec l’énorme influence que leur donnaient la prédication et la confession) fut capital en matière de formation de l’opinion publique pendant le Trienio liberal. Aussi absolutistes et libéraux mirent tout en œuvre pour convaincre ces intermédiaires culturels privilégiés qu’étaient les prêtres d’embrasser leur cause et leur fournir des arguments décisifs pour convaincre les fidèles. C’est ainsi qu’apparurent des périodiques qui leur étaient spécialement destinés, comme El Amigo de la Religión auquel nous consacrons cet article. Après avoir examiné les conditions de sa création y la façon dont fut diffusée cette revue, on y analyse la manière toute particulière avec laquelle on utilisa le texte constitutionnel pour paralyser l’action des libéraux et comment un autre périodique de Barcelone, El verdadero amigo de la Religión tenta de faire pièce à son influence.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. L’Ami de la Religion et du Roi et El Restaurador, même combat
- Author
-
Gérard Dufour
- Subjects
lcsh:History (General) and history of Europe ,media_common.quotation_subject ,ultrarrealismo ,L’Ami de la Religion et du Roi (1814-1861) ,Art ,Triennat libéral (1820-1823) ,ultramontanisme ,ultraroyalism ,Trienio liberal ,ultraroyalisme ,ultramontanismo ,Trienio Liberal (1820-1823) ,lcsh:D ,lcsh:D204-475 ,ultramontanism ,El Restaurador (1823-1824) ,Humanities ,lcsh:Modern history, 1453 ,media_common - Abstract
Journal « servil » fondé en juin 1823 par le P. Manuel Martínez, El Restaurador fut la version espagnole du journal ultraroyaliste et ultramontain créé en France en 1814 par M. Picot, L’Ami de la religion et du Roi. On y trouve ainsi les mêmes objectifs, et les mêmes thèmes, en particulier pour ce qui concerne l’exaltation des victimes des révolutionnaires, systématiquement et parfois difficilement élevées à la dignité de martyrs de la Foi. Et même si l’on peut noter une différence de traitement de l’information au sujet de la mort de Riego, les deux périodiques sont bien parfaitement semblables. En revanche, les motivations de leurs deux rédacteurs ne le sont pas : celui de L’Ami de la Religion et du Roi est ultraroyaliste parce que seul l’absolutisme monarchique peut assurer le triomphe de l’ultramontanisme qu’il souhaite voir régner en France ; celui de El Restaurador est ultramontain car c’est la seule façon de justifier l’absolutisme qu’il soutient. Periódico servil fundado en junio de 1813 por Fr. Manuel Martínez, El Restaurador fue la versión española del diario ultrarealista y ultramontano creado en Francia en1814 por M. Picot, L’Ami du Roi et de la Religion. Hallamos en estos periódicos los mismos objetivos y los mismos temas, especialmente la exaltación de las víctimas de los revolucionarios, sistemática y a veces difícilmente elevados a la categoría de martirios de la Fe. Si se puede notar alguna diferencia de tratamiento de la información respecto a la muerte de Riego, ambas publicaciones son totalmente similares. En cambio no lo son los motivos de sus redactores: el de L’Ami de la Religion et du Roi es ultrarrealista porque solo el absolutismo monárquico puede hacer triunfar el ultramontanismo que desea ver imperar en Francia; el de El Restaurador es ultramontano porque es la única manera de justificar el absolutismo que defiende. A "servil" newspaper established by P. Manuel Martinez in June, 1823, El Restaurador was the Spanish version of L'Ami de la Religion et du Roi, an ultraroyalist and ultramontanist newspaper created in France in 1814 by Mr Picot. The same goals appear in both, as well as the same themes - including exaltation of the victims of the Revolution, systematically, and sometimes difficultly, elevated to the status of Martyrs of Faith. Although a difference can be found on the treatment of information about the death of Riego, both publications are perfectly identical. Nevertheless, motivations of their editors were not : that of L’Ami de la Religion et du Roi is ultraroyalist because only absolute monarchy can ensure triumph of ultramontanism that he wants to bring to France ; that of El Restaurador is ultramontanist because it is the only way to justify the absolutism he stands for.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Emilio La Parra, Diarios de viaje de Fernando VII (1823 y 1827-1828)
- Author
-
Gérard Dufour
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
Pese a un titulo deliberadamente unificador, hallamos en este libro (de presentacion muy agradable), tres textos, reunidos por el tema de sus viajes pero de indole muy diversa, sobre el que fue, sin duda, el peor rey de Espana: Fernando II, por mal nombre, «el Deseado». En un «estudio introductorio» (p. 11-36), el profesor Emilio La Parra Lopez nos ofrece un boton de muestra de lo que sera la obra que prepara sobre este monarca y que esperamos todos con impaciencia desde la publicacion de su ...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. La poésie source d'information clandestine sous le premier Empire
- Author
-
Gérard Dufour, Temps, espaces, langages Europe méridionale-Méditerranée (TELEMME), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Elisabel Larriba, Agustín Coletes Blanco
- Subjects
poésie ,Napoléon I ,information clandestine ,chansons ,[SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History - Abstract
Analyse de la façon dont la poésie, notamment sous la forme de chansons, a permis aux opposants royalistes à Napoléon de faire conna\ⁱtre à l'opinion publique française des informations que l'Empereur voulait garder sevcrètes, notamment sur sa coonduite pendant la campagne de Russie
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. La vida cotidiana en Madrid bajo la ocupación francesa (1808-1813)
- Author
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Gérard Dufour, Elisabel Larriba, Temps, espaces, langages Europe méridionale-Méditerranée (TELEMME), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and Ángel Prado Moura
- Subjects
Espagne ,Madrid ,Joseph I (Roi d’Espagne) ,occupation militaire ,[SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History ,vie quotidienne ,Guerre d’Indépendance espagnole ,Napoléon - Abstract
Le 4 décembre 1808, les Français qui aux côtés de Napoléon, entrèrent dans la capitale de l’Espagne dont Joseph Ier, le <>, tout juste installé sur le trône, avait été chassé au mois de juillet, furent surpris de voir que, quelques jours après la reddition de la ville, les madrilènes semblaient presque avoir repris le cours normal de leur vie. L’objet de cette étude est d’analyser les mesures adoptées par Joseph Ier, qui se voulait un <>, afin de préserver et stimuler la vie sociale de la capitale et d’appréhender ce que fut la vie quotidienne à Madrid pendant l’occupation française (1808-1813).
- Published
- 2017
46. Plein Sud : les hispanistes à Telemme
- Author
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Gérard Dufour, Paul Aubert, Temps, espaces, langages Europe méridionale-Méditerranée (TELEMME), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
- Subjects
General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,[SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Des hispanistes, il y en a aussi, et parmi les membres fondateurs. Qu’ils prennent part a la recherche pluridisciplinaire sur le monde mediterraneen n’est pas en soi une surprise, pas plus que le fait que ceux qui travaillent a divers titres sur la peninsule Iberique aient eu a cœur de perfectionner leurs connaissances linguistiques. Au cours des deux dernieres decennies, les hispanistes de l’UMR Telemme ont travaille au sein de divers programmes toujours en collaboration avec des membres de ...
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Jean-Baptiste Busaall, Le spectre du Jacobinisme. L’expérience constitutionnelle française et le premier libéralisme espagnol, Madrid, Casa de Velázquez, 2012, 446 p
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Gérard Dufour
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. « Roucouler la guerre; vociférer la paix »:les événements d'Espagne de 1820 à 1823 dans les poèmes publiés par la presse française de l'époque
- Author
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Gérard Dufour
- Subjects
Luis XVIII ,Fernando VII ,Barcelone ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ferdinand VII ,poesía ,poesy ,Marañón (Gregorio - el Trapense) ,pest ,prensa francesa 1820-1823 ,media_common ,French press 1820-1823 ,Louis XVIII ,lcsh:History (General) and history of Europe ,Angulema (duque de) ,Angoulême (duke of) ,Marañón (Gregorio / The Trappist) ,Angoulême (duc d') ,Art ,Maragnon (Gregorio - le Trappiste) ,Triennat libéral (1820-1823) ,presse française 1820-1823 ,peste ,Trienio liberal ,poésie ,Trienio Liberal (1820-1823) ,lcsh:D ,lcsh:D204-475 ,Riego (Rafael del) ,Humanities ,Quiroga (Antonio) ,lcsh:Modern history, 1453 - Abstract
A une époque où tout ce qui avait quelque importance devait être exprimé en vers, l’étude des poèmes sur les événements d’Espagne publiés entre 1820 et 1823 dans une presse française étroitement surveillée par la censure permet d’appréhender la dialectique entre le pouvoir et les différentes factions de l’opinion publique qui, malgré les réticences de Louis XVIII lui-même, conduira la France à intervenir militairement pour rétablir Ferdinand VII en tant que roi absolu.On trouvera en appendice 81 poèmes sur les événements d'Espagne parus dans la presse française (1820-1823). Cuando todo lo que tenía cierta importancia había de expresarse en versos, el estudio de los poemas sobre los acontecimientos de España publicados entre 1820 y 1823 en una prensa francesa estrechamente controlada por la censure permite entender la dialéctica entre el poder y las distintas facciones de la opinión política que llevará a Francia, pese a las reticencias del propio Luis XVIII, a intervenir militarmente en España para restablecer en el trono a Fernando VII como soberano absoluto.Se hallarán en apéndice 81 poemas sobre los acontecimientos españoles publicados en la prensa francesa (1820-1823). At a time when anything relevant had to be versified, the study of poems on Spanish events published between 1820 and 1823 in a straightly censored French press, permits to comprehend the dialectic between the power and the different factions of public opinion that would result, despite reluctance of Louis XVIII himself, in France's military intervention to re-establish Ferdinand VII as an absolute monarch.81 poems on the events of Spain published in the French press (1820-1823) can be found in the appendix to this study.
- Published
- 2016
49. Francisco Luis Díaz Torrejón, Las águilas vencidas de Badén. Éxodo de prisioneros napoleónicos por Andalucía (
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Gérard Dufour
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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50. La pensée des Espagnols afrancesados réfugiés en France
- Author
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Gérard Dufour
- Subjects
Juan Antonio Llorente ,Inquisition ,liberals ,Clausel de Coussergues ,Francisco Amorós ,General Medicine ,ultraroyalistes ,ultra-royalists ,afrancesados ,libéraux - Abstract
Les Espagnols qui se réfugièrent en France après la défaite de Vitoria en juin 1813, purent connaître, sur le plan personnel, quelques dissensions. Ils n’en formèrent pas moins, sur le plan idéologique, un groupe homogène dont la pensée et l’action se développèrent autour de deux axes. Dans un premier temps, leur désir de convaincre Ferdinand VII et les opinions publiques espagnole et française de la rectitude de leur conduite politique les poussa à se justifier dans des écrits publiés aussi bien en français qu’en castillan. Ensuite, leur réponse collective et individuelle de la part de Juan Antonio Llorente aux attaques dont ils furent l’objet de la part du député ultraroyaliste Clausel de Coussergues les poussa à prendre part au débat politique français, rejoignant les libéraux et militant même dans certaines organisations progressistes. Spaniards who sought refuge in France after the june 1813 defeat at Vitoria may have experienced some personal disagreements. Nevertheless, from the ideological point of view they constituted a homogeneous group, whose thinking and action developed according to two lines. At the beginning, their will to convince Ferdinand VII and public opinions in Spain and France of the righteousness of their political standing led them to justify it in writings published both in French and Castilian. Then, their collective and individual response by Juan Antonio Llorente, to the attacks against them by the ultra-royalist Deputy Clausel de Coussergues, led them to take part in the French political debate, joining Liberals and even campaigning in some Progressive action groups.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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