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Objetivo: La incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo post-prostatectomía radical es una de las secuelas más preocupantes para el paciente y su urólogo. El motivo de este trabajo es valorar las indicaciones de la malla suburetral Invance®, detallando nuestra valoración preoperatoria e indicación, técnica quirúrgica y correlación entre los hallazgos preoperatorios y los resultados funcionales. Métodos: Entre febrero 2006 y enero de 2009 se intervinieron 27 pacientes. Todos tenían más de un año de seguimiento tras la prostatectomía, estudio urodinámico y cistoscopia preoperatoria. Se valoró la continencia con el número de compresas/día y el cuestionario ICIQ-UI SF. A través de una incisión perineal se colocaron tres tornillos de titanio con sutura de polipropileno en cada rama isquiopubiana, a los que se fijó una malla de polipropileno y silicona (Invance®) que comprimía la uretra bulbar. Se dividió a los pacientes en dos grupos: buen pronóstico (1-2 compresas/día y sin alteración de la fase de llenado) y mal pronóstico (3 compresas/día, antecedente de radioterapia o cervicotomía y alteración del estudio urodinámico). Se consideró curación cuando los pacientes no precisaban compresas y mejoría si había descendido el número/día. Resultados: La mediana de seguimiento tras Invance® fue de 18 meses (4-38). Nueve pacientes usaban una compresa/día, 10 pacientes usaban dos y ocho usaban tres compresas/día. En seis casos se realizó previamente cervicotomía y tres pacientes habían recibido radioterapia. De forma global, 20 pacientes (74%) estaban curados y cinco (19%) habían mejorado. El porcentaje de curación en el grupo de buen pronóstico fue del 100% y del 61% en el de mal pronóstico (p= 0.03). No se observó ninguna complicación intraoperatoria. Durante el postoperatorio inmediato, un paciente precisó sonda de cistostomía durante 10 días. Siete pacientes (26%) manifestaron molestias perineales y no se observaron casos de urgencia de novo, erosión uretral o explante por infección. Conclusiones: Invance® es una técnica eficaz, que garantiza una tasas elevadas de continencia en pacientes seleccionados. Se trata de una cirugía reproducible y con un seguimiento a medio plazo, no se ha observado pérdida de continencia y el riesgo de erosión es nulo según nuestra experiencia. Los pacientes con escape leve-moderado, sin alteración del estudio urodinámico ni radioterapia son los candidatos ideales. Objectives: Stress urinary incontinence alter radical prostatectomy is one of the most worrisome sequelae for the patient and urologist. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the indications of the suburethral mesh Invance®, giving details on our preoperative evaluation and indication, surgical technique, and the correlation between preoperative findings and functional results. Methods: Between February 2006 and January 2009 27 patients underwent surgery. All of them had more than one year of follow up after prostatectomy, urodynamic study and preoperative cystoscopy. Continence was evaluated by the number of pads/day and the ICIQ-UI SF questionnaire. Through a perineal incision three titanium screws with a polipropylene suture were inserted in each ischiopubic rami, and a silicon/polipropylene mesh (Invance®) is affixed to them, compressing the bulbar urethra. Patients were divided into two groups: good prognosis (1-2 pads/day without urodynamic anomalies in the filling phase) and bad prognosis (3 pads/day, history of radiotherapy or bladder neck incision, and urodynamic anomalies). Cure was defined as a patient not needing pads, and improvement was defined as decrease in the number of pads per day. Results: Median follow up after Invance® was 18 months (4-38). Nine patients used one pad/day, 10 used two, and eight used three pads /day. Six cases had underwent previous bladder neck incision and three radiotherapy. Globally, 20 patients (74%) were cured and five (19%) had improved. Cure rate was 100% in the good prognosis group and 61% in the bad prognosis group (p=0.03). No intraoperative complications were registered. During the immediate postoperative period, one patient required cystostomy tube for 10 days. Seven patients (26%) presented perineal discomfort; neither de novo urgency nor urethral erosion nor sling explants due to infection were registered. Conclusions: Invance® is a safe technique that guarantees a high continence rate in selected patients. It is a reproducible operation and, with a midterm follow up, no loss of continence has been observed, and the risk of urethral erosion is null in our experience. Patients with mild-moderate incontinence, without urodynamic anomalies nor previous radiotherapy are the ideal candidates.

Extended Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection (ePLND) remains the most accurate technique for the detection of occult lymph node metastases (LNMs) in prostate cancer (CaP) patients. Here we aim to examine whether free-Indocyanine Green (F-ICG) could accurately assess the pathological nodal (pN) status in CaP patients during real-time lymphangiography as a potential replacement for ePLND.219 consecutive patients undergoing F-ICG-guided PLND, ePLND and radical prostatectomy (RP) for clinical-localized CaPwere included in this prospective single-center study. The pathological outcomes of F-ICG-guided PLND were compared to confirmatory ePLND. Parameters of a binary diagnostic test for the proper classification of the pN status of patients ('per-patient' analysis) and for the probability of detecting all the metastatic LNs ('per-node' analysis) were calculated. Outcome measures were prevalence, accuracy (Acc), sensitivity (Se), negative predictive value (NPV), and likelihood ratio of a negative F-ICG-guided PLND test result [LR(-)].F-ICG-guided PLND successfully visualized LNs in all procedures with no adverse events. The overall per-patient F-ICG staging Acc was 97.7%, Se was 91.4%, with a NPV of 97.0%, and LR(-) of 8.6%. At the overall per-node level, 4,780 LNs were removed and 1,535 (32.1%) were fluorescent in vivo. F-ICG-guided PLND identified LNMs with a Se of 63.4%.This study confirms that F-ICG-guided lymphangiography correctly staged almost 98% of patients. The high per-patient NPV suggested that avoiding ePLND is safe for most patients when F-ICG stained nodes were pN0. Thus, more conservative approaches might minimise perioperative morbidity during LNMs diagnosis in selected patients.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether indocyanine green guidance can improve the quality of extended pelvic lymph node dissection in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. METHODS: A total of 214 patients underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy with indocyanine green-guided lymph node dissection plus extended pelvic lymph node dissection. These patients (group A) were matched 1:1 for clinical risk groups according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network classification with patients who underwent the same procedure without fluorescence guidance (group B). Biochemical recurrence was defined as two consecutive prostate-specific antigen rises of at least 0.2 ng/mL. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression models were used to identify predictors of biochemical recurrence. RESULTS: The median number of retrieved nodes was significantly higher in group A (22 vs 14, P < 0.001). The rate of lymph node metastases was higher in group A (65.9% vs 34.1%, P = 0.01). Increasing the yield of lymph node dissection was independently and negatively correlated with the biochemical recurrence risk in both overall and pN-positive patients (hazard ratio 0.97, P = 0.03; and hazard ratio 0.95, P = 0.02). The 5-year biochemical recurrence-free survival rates were (75.8% vs 65.9, P = 0.09) and (54.1% vs 24.9%, P = 0.023) for group A and group B in the overall cohort and pN-positive cohort, respectively. CONCLUSION: Indocyanine green-guided lymph node dissection plus extended pelvic lymph node dissection improves identification of lymphatic drainage, resulting in a higher number of lymph nodes and retrieved lymph node metastases, and allowing a more accurate local staging and a prolonged biochemical recurrence-free survival.