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1. Glycaemic index and glycaemic load of selected packaged vegan foods.

Author

Bayindir Gümüş, Aylin, Keser, Alev, Gökgöz, Murat, and Güngüneş, Aşkın

Subjects
PACKAGED foods, BREAD, CHEESE, DATA analysis, CARBOHYDRATE content of food, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, SALES personnel, MEAT, VEGETARIANISM, ANALYSIS of variance, STATISTICS, GLYCEMIC index, DATA analysis software
Abstract

While there are data regarding the glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) of many foods in the literature, the values for packaged vegan analogue foods have not been previously published, although processed vegan foods usually contain more carbohydrates than their animal‐based counterparts. This study was carried out to determine the GI and GL values of a selection of packaged vegan foods popular in Türkiye. To determine the GI and GL of test foods, 12 healthy volunteer females participated in the study. Participants randomly consumed test and reference foods (glucose and white bread) on each trial day, and capillary blood glucose was measured at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 mins in duplicate. The GIs of vegan schnitzel, vegan chickpea burger, vegan mince pita, vegan chocolate, vegan snack bar and vegan cheese were 26.1 ± 19.61 (low), 27.1 ± 17.21 (low), 65.1 ± 28.60 (moderate), 42.7 ± 22.32 (low), 63.6 ± 45.86 (moderate), 36.4 ± 16.85 (low), respectively, according to the glucose reference, and were 28.2 ± 16.17 (low), 34.7 ± 18.26 (low), 81.2 ± 31.96 (high), 48.8 ± 12.87 (low), 82.0 ± 54.05 (high), 46.7 ± 28.66 (low), respectively, according to the white bread reference. GLs were 3.5 ± 2.66 (low), 8.6 ± 5.46 (low), 26.6 ± 11.67 (high), 6.1 ± 3.19 (low), 14.2 ± 10.28 (moderate), 5.7 ± 2.63 (low), respectively, according to the glucose reference, and were 3.8 ± 2.19 (low), 11.0 ± 5.80 (moderate), 33.1 ± 13.04 (high), 7.0 ± 1.84 (low), 18.4 ± 12.12 (moderate), 7.3 ± 4.47 (low), respectively, according to the white bread reference. The data from this study provide preliminary data for the GIs and GLs of packaged and processed vegan foods and show that the GIs and GLs of meat and cheese vegan analogues, while still low or moderate, tend to be higher than their animal‐based counterparts which have lower or no glycaemic responses. Further research on the GIs and GLs of more vegan foods is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Poli(N-vinil-2-pirolidon) aşılanmış sodyum karboksimetilselülozun bazı maya türlerinin tutuklanmasında matriks olarak kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılması

Author

Gökgöz, Murat, Yiğitoğlu, Mustafa, KKÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kimya Anabilim Dalı, Kimya Anabilim Dalı, and Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı

Subjects
D-FBE/1238, Nondestructive inspection, Carboxymethylcellulose, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Temperature distribution, Tahribatsız muayene, Biochemistry, Saccharomyces bayanus, Kimya, n-vinil-2-pirolidon, Chemistry, Fermantasyon, Biyokimya, Fermentation, Biyoteknoloji, Kluyveromyces marxianus, Etanol üretimi, Biotechnology, Tutuklanma, Karboksimetilselüloz
Abstract

YÖK Tez ID: 343986 Bu çalışmada modifiye edilmiş karboksimetilselüloz etanol üretimi için yeni bir destek materyali olarak kullanıldı. Yeni destek materyali olarak karboksimetilselüloz (CMC) ile N-vinil-2-pirolidonun (NVP) farklı aşılama yüzdelerinde aşı kopolimerleri hazırlandı. Bu kopolimerlerden çapraz bağlanarak oluşturulan küreler element analizi, Fourier transform infrared spektroskopisi (FTIR), termogravimetrik analiz (TGA), taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve şişme deneyleri ile karakterize edildi.Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces bayanus ve Kluyveromyces marxianus mayaları etanol fermantasyonu için, karboksimetilselüloz-aşı-poli(N-vinil-2-pirolidon) (CMC-aşı-PVP) aşı kopolimerlerine hapsetme yoluyla tutuklandı. Etanol üretimi üzerine aşılama yüzdesinin, başlangıç glikoz derişiminin ve çapraz bağlayıcı derişiminin etkisi araştırıldı. Ayrıca S. cerevisiae, S. bayanus ve K. marxianus mayaları tutuklanmış kürelerin tekrar kullanılabilirlikleri araştırıldı ve S. cerevisiae tutuklanmış kürelerin 4 kez, S. bayanus tutuklanmış kürelerin 7 kez ve K. marxianus tutuklanmış kürelerin 6 kez aktifliklerini kaybetmeden tekrar kullanılabilecekleri bulundu. Etanol üretim miktarları S. cerevisiae, S. bayanus ve K. marxianus için sırasıyla 59,3, 46,88 ve 42,54 g/L olduğu tespit edildi. En yüksek etanol üretim hızı ise S. cerevisiae, S. bayanus ve K. marxianus için sırasıyla 2,25, 8,23 ve 2,89 g/Lsaat olarak bulundu. Bu sonuçlar, maya tutuklanması için önerilen bu metodun endüstriyel uygulamalardaki etanol üretim proseslerinde kullanılma potansiyeli olduğunu göstermektedir. In this work, modified carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was used as a new support material for production of ethanol. Crosslinked graft copolymers of CMC with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) were prepared in different grafting yields as new support material. The beads which formed by crosslinked of these copolymers were characterized by means of elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and swelling experiment.Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces bayanus and Kluyveromyces marxianus were immobilized using entrapment method in the graft copolymers of carboxymethylcellulose-g-poly-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (CMC-g-PVP) for ethanol fermentation. The effects of grafting yield, initial glucose concentration and crosslinker concentration on the yield of ethanol process was investigated. In addition, reusability of the immobilized yeasts was investigated and found that the materials can be used four times for S. cerevisiae, seven times for S. bayanus and six times for K. marxianus without losing their activity. Ethanol production was found 59.3, 46.88 and 42.54 g/L for S. cerevisiae, S. bayanus and K. marxianus, respectively. The highest ethanol productivity was found 2.25, 8.23 and 2.89 g/Lh for S. cerevisiae, S. bayanus and K. marxianus, respectively. The results pointed out that the proposed method for immobilization of yeast has potential in industrial applications for ethanol process.

Published
2011

8. Immobilization of laccase in polyacrylamide and polyacrylamide-k-carragennan jels

Author

Gökgöz, Murat, Altınok, Y.Haydar, KKÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kimya Anabilim Dalı, Altınok, Haydar, and Kimya Anabilim Dalı

Subjects
Chemistry, Kimya
Abstract

YÖK Tez ID: 184742 ÖZETLAKKAZIN POL AKR LAM TVE POL AKR LAM T - κ-KARRAGENANJELLER NE MMOB L ZASYONUGÖKGÖZ, MuratKırıkkale ÜniversitesiFen Bilimleri EnstitüsüKimya Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans TeziDanışman: Yrd. Doç. Dr. Haydar ALTINOKTemmuz 2006, 56 SayfaBu çalışmada, lakkaz enzimi (L), poliakrilamit (PAAm), poliakrilamit - κ-karragenan (PAAm-K1) ve poliakrilamit- κ-karragenan (PAAm-K2) jelleri içinehapsetme yoluyla immobilize edildi. Optimum pH Serbest lakkaz için 6,0, PAAm eimmobilize edilen lakkaz (PAAm-L) için 9,0, PAAm-K1 e immobilize edilen lakkaz(PAAm-KL1) için 8,5 ve PAAm-K2 ye immobilize edilen lakkaz (PAAm-KL2) için8,0 olarak bulundu. Optimum sıcaklık ise serbest L için 45 oC ve immobilize lakkaziçin de 60 oC olarak belirlendi. Serbest L 15 gün 4 oC da depolama sonunda,başlangıç aktivitesinin ancak % 35 ini korurken, 60 gün 4 oC da depolamada PAAm-L % 44 ünü, PAAm-KL1 % 63 ünü ve PAAm-KL2 nin ise % 68 ini koruduğugözlendi. mmobilize enzimler iki günde 35 kez tekrar kullanıldıklarında PAAm-Lbaşlangıç aktivitesinin % 28 ini, PAAm-KL1 % 45 ini ve (PAAm-KL2) ise % 58 inikorumaktadır. Serbest L, PAAm-L, PAAm-KL1 ve PAAm-KL2 için Km değerleriisırasıyla 6,90, 7,30, 7,38 ve 7,40 µM ve Vmak değerleri 2,7, 1,37, 1,68 ve 1,70µM.dak-1 olarak bulunmuştur.Anahtar Kelimeler: Hapsetme, enzim immobilizasyonu, poliakrilamit, karragenan,lakkazii ABSTRACTIMMOBILIZATION OF LACCASEIN POLYACRYLAMIDE ANDPOLYACRYLAMIDE - κ-KARRAGENNAN JELSGÖKGÖZ, MuratKırıkkale UniversityGraduate School of Natural and Applied SciencesDepartment of Chemistry, M.Sc ThesisSupervisor: Asst. Prof. Dr. Haydar ALTINOKJuly 2006, 56 pagesIn this study, laccase enzyme (L) was immobilized by method of entrapmentin polyacrylamide (PAAm), polyacrylamide - κ-Carragennan (PAAm-K1) andpolyacrylamide - κ-Carragennan (PAAm-K2) gels. Optimum pH was determined6,0 for free L, 9,0 for immobilized laccase in PAAm (PAAm-L), 8,5 for immobilizedlaccase in PAAm-K1 (PAAm-KL1) and for immobilized laccase in PAAm-K2(PAAm-KL2). Optimum temperature was determined 45 oC for free L and 60 oC forimmobilized laccases. Retained enzyme activities were found to be ca. 44 % forPAAm-L, 63 % for PAAm-KL1 and 68 % for PAAm-KL2 after storage for 60 daysat 4 oC. But the free enzyme activity was found 35 % after storage for 15 days at 4oC. PAAm-L, PAAm-KL1 and PAAm-KL2 were retained 28 %, 45 % and 58 % oftheir initial activities were used repeatedly 35 times in two days, respectively.Kinetic parameters were calculated as 6,90 µM, 7,30 µM, 7,38 µM and 7,40 µM foriKm and 2,7, 1,37, 1,68 and 1,70 µM.min-1 for Vmax for free L, PAAm-L, PAAm-KL1and PAAm-KL2, respectively.Key Words: Entrapment, immobilization of enzyme, polyacrylamide, Carragennan,laccaseii

Published
2006

10. Yalıtımda lifli malzemelerin kullanımı

Author

Gökgöz, Murat, Erbay, Latife Berrin, and Diğer

Subjects
Insulating materials, Mechanical Engineering, Makine Mühendisliği
Abstract

ÖZET Isı yalıtımına, enerji azlığından dolayı giderek artan bir ilgi bulunmaktadır.Bu çalışmada lifli malzemeler incelenmiştir. Lifli malzemeler ısıl yalıtımda çok sık kullanılmaktadır. Bu malzemelerin kullanımındaki artış nedeniyle, bu alandaki çalışmalara hız verilmiştir. Malzemelerin yalıtım verimliliğindeki küçük bir gelişme, hem toplam maliyet ve hem de enerji tüketiminde önemli tasarruflar sağlayabilmektedir. Bütün bunlardan dolayı, bu çalışmada bir lifli malzemedeki ısı geçişi ve ısıl iletkenlik katsayıları hakkında bir araştırma yapılmıştır. The renewed interest in thermal insulations has come about because of the energy shortage pioblems of today. Fibrous insulation materials are investigated in this work. Because these materials are often used for thermal insulations. The increase in usage of fibrous materials has given impetus to the research in this area. A slight improvement of the insulating effectiveness would amount to substiantial saving both in terms of total cost and overall energy consumption. Therefore, heat transfer and heat conductivities of fibrous materials have been investigated in this study. IV 45

Published
1997

13. Adsorption of chromium(VI) metal ions from aqueous solution using hexagonal ZnO particles: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic modelling studies.

Author

Erduran, Nuran, Gökgöz, Murat, and Ada, Kezban

Subjects
ZINC oxide, PRECIPITATION (Chemistry), AQUEOUS solutions, HEXAVALENT chromium, ADSORPTION (Chemistry), METAL ions, ADSORPTION capacity
Abstract

Zinc oxide powders having hexagonal plate particles were prepared by homogeneous precipitation from boiling aqueous solutions that contained excess urea and 0.075 (Z075) and 0.300 (Z300) M Zn2+. The equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamics of the adsorption of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution onto Z075 and Z300 were investigated. Thermodynamic parameters and K# equilibrium constant of activation were calculated. Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models were used to describe the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto ZnO powders. The monomolecular adsorption capacity of Z075 and Z300 was determined as 980 and 1050 mg g−1 for Cr(VI), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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14. High productivity bioethanol fermentation by immobilized Saccharomyces bayanus onto carboxymethylcellulose-g- poly( N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) beads.

Author

Gökgöz, Murat and Yiğitoğlu, Mustafa

Subjects
*GRAFT copolymers, *FERMENTATION, *SACCHAROMYCES, *ETHANOL, *POLYMERS
Abstract

Crosslinked graft copolymers of CMC with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (N-VP) were prepared in different grafting yields. Saccharomyces bayanus was immobilized in the graft copolymers of carboxymethylcellulose-g-poly( N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (CMC-g-PVP) for ethanol fermentation. The effects of grafting yield, initial glucose concentration, and crosslinker concentration on the yield of ethanol process was investigated. Ethanol production increased when percentage of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone in the graft copolymer was increased. The maximum concentration, productivity, and yield of ethanol were 98.78 g L −1, 8.23 g L −1 h −1 and 0.494 g g −1, respectively. Reusability of the immobilized yeasts was found that the materials can be used seven times without losing their activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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