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2. Discussion and Outlook

Author

Görne, Lorenz Georg, Bargende, Michael, Series Editor, Reuss, Hans-Christian, Series Editor, Wiedemann, Jochen, Series Editor, and Görne, Lorenz Georg

Published
2024
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10. Service Oriented Software Architecture for Vehicle Diagnostics

Author

Görne, Lorenz, Reuss, Hans-Christian, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory Editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory Editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory Editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory Editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory Editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory Editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory Editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory Editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory Editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory Editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Russo, Dario, editor, Ahram, Tareq, editor, Karwowski, Waldemar, editor, Di Bucchianico, Giuseppe, editor, and Taiar, Redha, editor

Published
2021
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12. An Orientation Sensor-Based Head Tracking System for Driver Behaviour Monitoring.

Author

Yifan Zhao, Görne, Lorenz, Iek-Man Yuen, Dongpu Cao, Sullman, Mark, Auger, Daniel, Chen Lv, Huaji Wang, Matthias, Rebecca, Skrypchuk, Lee, and Mouzakitis, Alexandros

Subjects
*TRACKING algorithms, *COMPUTER vision, *AUTOMOBILE drivers, *MEASUREMENT errors, *ERROR analysis in mathematics
Abstract

Although at present legislation does not allow drivers in a Level 3 autonomous vehicle to engage in a secondary task, there may become a time when it does. Monitoring the behaviour of drivers engaging in various non-driving activities (NDAs) is crucial to decide how well the driver will be able to take over control of the vehicle. One limitation of the commonly used face-based head tracking system, using cameras, is that sufficient features of the face must be visible, which limits the detectable angle of head movement and thereby measurable NDAs, unless multiple cameras are used. This paper proposes a novel orientation sensor based head tracking system that includes twin devices, one of which measures the movement of the vehicle while the other measures the absolute movement of the head. Measurement error in the shaking and nodding axes were less than 0.4°, while error in the rolling axis was less than 2°. Comparison with a camera-based system, through in-house tests and on-road tests, showed that the main advantage of the proposed system is the ability to detect angles larger than 20° in the shaking and nodding axes. Finally, a case study demonstrated that the measurement of the shaking and nodding angles, produced from the proposed system, can effectively characterise the drivers' behaviour while engaged in the NDAs of chatting to a passenger and playing on a smartphone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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