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Presently, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has become the most common pathogenic factor of chronic liver disease worldwide that can lead to the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lipid metabolism in cancer cells is closely related to tumorgenesis, invasion and metastasis, and thus acts as one of the hallmark of cancer cells. Lipolipomics is an important branch of metabolomics, which has been adapted recently in the study of HCC for analysis of the structure and function of lipid components by chromatography and mass spectrometry. Fatty acids, glycerides, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and sterol are significantly different in HCC tissues or serum. Therefore, it contributes to the diagnosis, determination of prognosis, mechanistic study and targeted therapy of HCC.目前非酒精性脂肪性肝病已成为全球慢性肝病最常见的致病因素，并可导致HCC（HCC）的发生。脂代谢作为癌细胞的Hallmark之一，与肿瘤发生、发展、侵袭和转移等密切相关。脂质组学是代谢组学的重要分支，通过色谱和质谱技术，分析脂质成分的结构与功能，近年在HCC的研究中得到广泛应用。脂肪酸类、甘油脂类、甘油磷脂类、鞘脂类、固醇脂类等在HCC组织或血清中具有明显差异，有助于HCC的诊断、预后判定、机制研究以及靶向治疗等。.