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This study explores fine-grained feature-based face attribute recognition techniques to enhance the accuracy of face recognition in low-resolution and complex environments. The article proposes a global feature extraction method and a local texture feature extraction method to extract global and regional features by enhancing feature reuse and information flow through dense connectivity and ShuffleNet V2 framework. Then, a multiscale feature exchange method is used to fuse different scale features to enhance the capture of detail information. Finally, efficient feature integration is achieved by the multiscale feature fusion method. Experimental results on the CK+ and FER2013 datasets show that the accuracy of this method on face expression recognition reaches 97.24% and 95.93%, respectively, and the average recognition accuracy in the face attribute recognition experiments on the CelebA dataset is 97.11%, which is significantly better than the comparison algorithm. In addition, the analysis of the recognition effect on low-resolution faces shows that this paper’s method achieves a recognition accuracy of 54.03% at a resolution of 15 × 15 and a high accuracy of over 99% at resolutions of 70 × 70 and above. These results show that the face attribute recognition technique based on fine-grained features proposed in this paper significantly improves recognition accuracy.

The rapid development of new roots in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.) is crucial for shortening the returning green time of seedlings and accelerating tillering. Root regeneration plays an important role in enabling seedlings to resume normal growth and produce effective spikes after root injury. This study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes in new root production and the growth of seedlings of different varieties after root cutting in addition to the key physiological factors. We utilized hydroponics to set up four different time treatments to observe the occurrence of root systems in various rice seedling varieties after root cutting; we also measured related physiological indexes to further analyze the results. This study found that changes in aboveground nutrient, energy, and hormone levels in seedlings are critical for the growth of new roots after cutting. A morphological analysis showed that the root germination force of Zhongzao 39 (ZZ39) was stronger than Jiazao 311 (JZ311) before shearing and weaker after shearing. Physiological and biochemical analyses revealed that both ZZ39 and JZ311 experienced a decrease in their aboveground nitrogen and phosphorus content after root cutting. Soluble sugar content and starch content were found to decrease to their lowest levels after two days of root shearing. Furthermore, both varieties showed a significant increase in aboveground indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content after two days of root shearing, and the IAA content in new roots was also higher. The results indicate that higher levels of hormones in seedlings with cut roots can enhance the transportation of nutrients and carbohydrates from the stems and leaves to the roots, leading to improved growth and the production of new roots. Additionally, the accumulation of IAA in damaged roots can also positively impact this process. This study found significant differences in the regeneration of rice seedling roots after cutting depending on the variety. We identified key physiological characteristics that affect new root generation, which provides a scientific basis for identifying strong root regeneration varieties and developing cultivation measures to promote new root growth in rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Machine transplanting technology of biodegradable films has solved the problems of the higher cost of artificial film and the serious environmental pollution of polyethylene film residue. Previous studies have shown the positive impact of mulching on mitigating global warming potential. However, the mechanisms underlying the association between greenhouse gas emissions and the bacterial community structure in paddy field soil with biodegradable film mulching (BM) still remain limited. In this study, greenhouse gas emissions and the associated bacterial community in non-mulching, biodegradable mulching in a paddy field in Eastern China were analyzed over the 2019 and 2020 rice growing seasons. Rice mulching cultivation significantly inhibited CH4 emissions from a rice paddy, mainly due to the significant reduction in methane emission peaks. Film mulching significantly increased the diversity of the bacterial community as revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The relative abundance of methanogens was decreased, while the relative abundance of methanotrophs was increased in the paddy soil due to the BM treatment, with the change pattern basically consistent with CH4 emissions. The N2O emissions during the growth period showed a pronounced downward trend. However, the total abundance of bacteria involved in nitrification and denitrification was higher under BM. Mulching cultivation improved the soil nutrient availability and significantly increased the yield by 5.0%. BM inhibited the greenhouse gas emission intensity (GHGI) of the paddy field by 46.9%. Film mechanical transplanting could promote yield increases and significantly mediate the warming potential (GWP) of greenhouse gases in the paddy fields of the Middle-Lower Yangtze Area. The rational use of film mechanical transplanting would play a role in carbon neutrality in paddy fields. This study provided a theoretical basis for paddy field emission reduction and sustainable agricultural development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pro‐inflammation M1 to anti‐inflammation M2 macrophage ratio contribute to the severity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced acute lung injury (ALI). JMJD3 aggravates the inflammatory reaction through affecting epigenetic modification and macrophage's phenotype to deteriorate ALI. To explore the mechanism underlying the upregulation of the macrophage M1/M2 ratio through JMJD3, we developed an ALI mouse model using intratracheal LPS, LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, and inhibited JMJD3 using GSK‐J4. H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 were investigated as JMJD3‐mediated epigenetic alteration sites in vivo and in vitro. C/EBPβ and KDM5A were validated as linking factors between H3K27 and H3K4. IL4i1 was investigated as a JMJD3‐mediated targeted gene to regulate the macrophage M1/M2 ratio. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to evaluate the relationship between H3K27me3 and C/ebpβ, C/EBPβ and Kdm5a, H3K4me3 and Il4i1. Inhibiting JMJD3 with GSK‐J4 can relieve inflammation and pathological performance in ALI. JMJD3 can reduce IL4i1 expression to increase the macrophage M1/M2 ratio and aggravated ALI which process was mediated via JMJD3‐indcued H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 demethylation, latter H3K4me3 demethylation inhibited IL4i1 transcription. Inhibiting JMJD3 with GSK‐J4 can increase IL4i1 expression, subsequently decreasing the expressions of M1 and increasing of M2 in vivo. The over‐expression IL4i1 in LPS‐stimulated macrophage or inhibiting JMJD3 with GSK‐J4 can both reverse the increase of the macrophage M1/M2 ratio in vitro. C/EBPβ and KDM5A were upregulated by LPS simulation, which linked JMJD3‐induced H3K27‐H3K4 demethylation. JMJD3 inhibited IL4i1 to increase the macrophage M1/M2 phenotype ratio and aggravate LPS‐induced ALI. Using GSK‐J4 to inhibit JMJD3 may facilitate the treatment of LPS‐induced ALI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the construction of the Third Front, the short-term construction of large-scale industrial and civil facilities allowed for an attempt at regionalism of industrial architecture. Scattered in Third Front factories and mining bases, the designers of the infrastructure department inspired innovative use of local knowledge, and architectural education and training methods of the same period showed the characteristics of the times. With an oral interview with Mr. Deng Changyuan, a designer in the infrastructure department of the Puqi Textile General Factory in Hubei Province, this paper explores how dynamic social changes during the war transition period led to a paradigm shift in modern Chinese architectural education during the planned economy, and how the communities carried out design works guided by the new paradigm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe the abnormal sleeping position as a unique presentation of obstructive sleep apnea in a boy with Down syndrome. Children with Down syndrome are at exceptionally high risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea. Unique sleeping positions, such as sitting and leaning forward, have been closely linked to sleep disordered breathing related symptoms in children with Down syndrome. Unusual sleeping positions in children with Down syndrome should prompt timely referral for sleep assessment to investigate for the presence of obstructive sleep apnea. All children with Down syndrome are recommended to have a baseline polysomnogram screening by age 4 years. Paediatric obstructive sleep apnea is an amenable condition that may lead to significant long-term consequences involving the neurobehavioural, cardiovascular, endocrine, and metabolic systems if left untreated. Adenotonsillectomy is the first-line surgical treatment for paediatric obstructive sleep apnea. Children with Down syndrome who experience residual obstructive sleep apnea symptoms after surgery should receive further nonsurgical interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]