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Abstract: Background & aim: The main aim of the present research is to review and compare the effect of 8 weeks concurrent trainings and consumption of green coffee supplement on the serum level of Adipsin and Insulin Resistance Index and BMI in obese women. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 48 obese women with average age 12.31±8.8, weight 41/9±84 kg and BMI 51.32±49.2 kg/m2 were selected purposefully and divided randomly into four groups of concurrent Trainings (n=12), consumption of Green Coffee Supplement (n=12), concurrent Trainings- Green Coffee Supplement (n=12) and control group (n=12).The concurrent Trainings conducted including 8 weeks aerobic and resistance trainings, three sessions in a weak, each session 70 minutes. Green Coffee Supplement group consumed one 400 mg capsule in a day for 8 weeks. Fasting blood sample were taken from the subjects 24 hours before the first session and 48 hours after the last exercise session to measure serum levels of Adipsin,Glucose and Insulin. Insulin resistance was evaluated based on the evaluation of HOMA-IR model of homeostasis. To compare intra-group changes the dependent t-test was used and the inter-group variations of one-way ANOVA and LSD was used to determine which groups were significantly different. Results The results of one-way ANOVA demonstrated a significant difference between the data of Adipsin, insulin, insulin resistance and body mass index in concurrent training groups, green coffee supplementation, concurrent exercise and supplementation of green coffee and control group (p 0.05). But there is a significant difference between the three groups with the control group. The results of LSD test showed that the mean of adipsin decreased in all three groups after 8 weeks, and the mean of insulin decreased in the training group and increased in other groups. Insulin resistance decreased, but decreased in the combined exercise group. The mean of BMI in the training and supplementation groups was the lowest and in the supplement group was the highest. Conclusions: Overall, the findings of the present study demonstrated that exercise activity and green coffee by effecting on the adipokine secretion lead to decrease in the adipsin level, reduced insulin resistance and decreased weight. Therefore, obese women can use these exercises and complementary green coffee to lose weight.

Background and purpose: in recent years, in order to improve power, speed, the increase in the volume of the musculature, preventing sports injuries and maintain the muscle performance athletes use from different resistance exercises and food supplements. In this regard, present study has been conducted with the aim of comparison the influence of an 8 week period consumption of creatine (2 gr.kg-1.day-1 in 1st week and 0.48 gr.kg-1.day-1during 2nd to 8th weeks) and glutamine (1 gr.kg-1.day-1 from first to eighth weeks) along with resistance exercise on level of ALP of female mice. Materials and methods: This experimental study was done on 80 Small adult female mice of Surrey species (28 ± 5 gram). The animals were randomly divided into 8 groups of: resistance exercise, resistance exercise + creatine, resistance exercise + glutamine, resistance exercise + glutamine + creatine, creatine, glutamine, creatine + glutamine and control groups (N= 10). Resistance exercise (5 days a week) was including: climbing (4 sets, 5 times repetition with two minutes rest between the sets) from a ladder (with the height of one meter and including 26 steps) and bearing 30 percent of the weight of the Mouse body (hanging from tail) in the first week and the increasing it up to 200 percent of body weight till the last week of the experiment. During 48 hours after the last practice session of resistance exercise, the blood sample was taken and the the level of ALP has been measured. Findings:The results showed that the level of ALP enzyme in creatine + glutamine + resistance exercise groug had been increased in comparison with the control group (144.3 ± 15.86 in comparison with 234.7 ± 25.69 U.L-1 P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this research indicate Creatine and Glutamine supplementation consumption along with resistance exercise increases in the level of ALP enzyme in the liver of mice.

Introduction & Objective: Fractures due to osteoporosis after menopause in women is widespread. Osteoporosis may occur in case of inadequate lack of physical activity .The aim of this study was to determine the effect of running training on femur bone strength in ovariectomized rats. Materials & Methods Forty matured Sprague Dawley rats were chosen for this study. A group of 10 were killed randomly to measure their initial femur strength. The remaining rats had ovarian surgery. After three months, in order to reach menopause period, they were randomly divided into 3 groups, including pre test, running training and control groups. The running training program was carried out for one hour a day, five days a week, for eight weeks. Femur bone strength was measured by HOUNSFIELD system. Data was analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance and dependent T- tests by the SPSS software. Results: Results of this study showed that ovariectomy leads to significant decrease of femur bone strength. On the other hand the eight weeks running training lead to significant increase of femur bone strength. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that life style is important factors in preventing of osteoporosis and running training program had an inhibitory or reversal effect on decrease of menopause-induced femur bone strength.

Background and Objective: Free radical production andsubsqunt oxidative steress can be due to hyperglycemia and its oxidation. This study was done to evaluate the effect of swimming training test and Fenugreek seed extract on plasma glucose and antioxidant activity in heart tissue of streptozotocine - induced diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 50 male wistar rats were allocated into five groups; diabetic (DC, n=10), healthy control (HC, n=10), swimming training (S, n=10), swimming training + Fenugreek seed extract (1.74 g/kg/bw) (SF1, n=10), and swimming training + Fenugreek seed extract (0.87 g/kg/bw) (SF2, n=10). Streptozotocine (60 mg/kg/bw) was used for induction of diabetes in DC, S, SF1 and SF2 groups. Serum glucose and the rat heart tissue antioxidant enzymes activities of superoxide dismutase, Catalase and Glutation peroxidase were determined. Results: Body weight in all groups were significantly reduced in comparsion with healthy control group (P<0.05). Plasma glucose level significantly reduced in SF1 and HC groups compared to diabetic group (P<0.05). Cardiac antioxidant enzymes in swimming training, SF1 and SF2 groups significantly increased in compare to diabetic group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combination of endurance swimming training and fenugreek seed extract can reduce plasma glucose and increase cardiac antioxidant enzymes in streptozotocine - induced diabetic rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background & Aims: Health literacy is one of the most important priorities for improving health care quality through enhancing patient- provider communication. Implementing health literacy strategies enables nurses to provide information and instructions for patients in a manner that is more commensurate and understandable. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting nurses’ intention to implement health literacy strategies in patient education based on theory of planned behavior. Material & Methods: A cross- sectional study conducted among 148 nurse practitioners of Al-Zahra Hospital affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, using descriptive-analytical method. Data collected via standardized questionnaire based on theory of planned behavior constructs and analyzed by SPSS v.17 using ANOVA, Independent T-test, Pearson correlation and linear regression. Results: There were statistically significant correlation between using health literacy strategies and marriage status, attending in retraining courses, employment type, job history, and job status. Perceived behavioral control was the most powerful predictor of intention (β= 0/417) and use health literacy strategies in patient education and behavior of nurses (β=0/319). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, perceived behavioral control is a powerful determinant of nurses’ intention and behavior of using health literacy strategies in patient education. Hence we recommend nurse educators to pay special attention to the constructs of this theory mainly perceived behavioral control in retrain courses about patient education and health literacy strategies.

Background and Objectives: Nutrition in pregnancy has an important role in fetus and mother health, and also in the pregnancy outcome. One of the significant changes related to nutrition is weight gain of pregnant women as one of the influencing indicators which is measured by Body Mass Index (BMI). This study was conducted to determine nutritional education effect upon pregnancy weight gain in pregnant women on the basis of health belief model (HBM) in Gonabad, Iran. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental randomized and controlled study on 110 pregnant women referring to health centers in Gonabad, Iran. They were divided into experimental and control groups who participated in the study, in the year of 2009. The data of two groups were collected by reliable and valid questionnaires during the first part of pregnancy care in pre-test stage. Then, two educational sessions were held for the experimental group. Post test was done for both groups in the last stage of pregnancy care, and the data were analyzed by paired T, T independent, the correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney, and Chi-square. A p