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1. Evaluation of receptor and chemical transport models for PM10 source apportionment

Author

Belis, C.A., Pernigotti, D., Pirovano, G., Favez, O., Jaffrezo, J.L., Kuenen, J., Denier van Der Gon, H., Reizer, M., Riffault, V., Alleman, L.Y., Almeida, M., Amato, F., Angyal, A., Argyropoulos, G., Bande, S., Beslic, I., Besombes, J.-L., Bove, M.C., Brotto, P., Calori, G., Cesari, D., Colombi, C., Contini, D., De Gennaro, G., Di Gilio, A., Diapouli, E., El Haddad, I., Elbern, H., Eleftheriadis, K., Ferreira, J., Vivanco, M. Garcia, Gilardoni, S., Golly, B., Hellebust, S., Hopke, P.K., Izadmanesh, Y., Jorquera, H., Krajsek, K., Kranenburg, R., Lazzeri, P., Lenartz, F., Lucarelli, F., Maciejewska, K., Manders, A., Manousakas, M., Masiol, M., Mircea, M., Mooibroek, D., Nava, S., Oliveira, D., Paglione, M., Pandolfi, M., Perrone, M., Petralia, E., Pietrodangelo, A., Pillon, S., Pokorna, P., Prati, P., Salameh, D., Samara, C., Samek, L., Saraga, D., Sauvage, S., Schaap, M., Scotto, F., Sega, K., Siour, G., Tauler, R., Valli, G., Vecchi, R., Venturini, E., Vestenius, M., Waked, A., and Yubero, E.

Published
2020
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4. Activated biochar from spruce and pine wood applied for pharmaceuticals molecules removal from water

Author

Azzaz, A. A., Reinert, L., Guittonneau, S., Cottin, N., Ondarts, M., GOLLY, B., Boivin, F. Favre, Zareeipolgardani, B., Duclaux, L., Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement (LOCIE), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Oumedjbeur, Abdelkrim

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

5. Removal of formaldehyde and nitrogen dioxide by activated carbons prepared from chitosane

Author

Duclaux, L., Guy, F., Ondarts, M., Reinert, L., jonathan outin, Golly, B., Gonze, E., Planes, E., Soneda, Y., Moonen, P., Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement (LOCIE), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genèse et Usage d'Interfaces Durables pour l'Energie (GUIDE), Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Physico-chimie des Matériaux et des Interfaces (LEPMI), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Oumedjbeur, Abdelkrim

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2021

6. Wood branches: from an environmental burden to efficient biochars for micropollutants removal in aqueous solution

Author

Azzaz, A. A., Reinert, L., Guittonneau, S., Cottin, N., Ondarts, M., GOLLY, B., Boivin, F. Favre, Zareeipolgardani, B., Duclaux, L., Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement (LOCIE), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Oumedjbeur, Abdelkrim

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

7. Activated carbon beads from chitosan for the NO2 and formaldehyde removal from indoor air

Author

Duclaux, L., Guy, F., Ondarts, M., Reinert, L., jonathan outin, Golly, B., Gonze, E., Planes, E., Soneda, Y., Moonen, P., Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement (LOCIE), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genèse et Usage d'Interfaces Durables pour l'Energie (GUIDE), Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Physico-chimie des Matériaux et des Interfaces (LEPMI), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Oumedjbeur, Abdelkrim

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

8. Evaluation of receptor and chemical transport models for PM10 source apportionment

Author

Belis, C. A., Pernigotti, D., Pirovano, G., Favez, O., Jaffrezo, J. L., Kuenen, J., van Der Gon, H. Denier, Reizer, M., Riffault, V, Alleman, L. Y., Almeida, M., Amato, F., Angyal, A., Argyropoulos, G., Bande, S., Beslic, I, Besombes, J-L, Bove, M. C., Brotto, P., Calori, G., Cesari, D., Colombi, C., Contini, D., De Gennaro, G., Di Gilio, A., Diapouli, E., El Haddad, I, Elbern, H., Eleftheriadis, K., Ferreira, J., Vivanco, M. Garcia, Gilardoni, S., Golly, B., Hellebust, S., Hopke, P. K., Izadmanesh, Y., Jorquera, H., Krajsek, K., Kranenburg, R., Lazzeri, P., Lenartz, F., Lucarelli, F., Maciejewska, K., Manders, A., Manousakas, M., Masiol, M., Mircea, M., Mooibroek, D., Nava, S., Oliveira, D., Paglione, M., Pandolfi, M., Perrone, M., Petralia, E., Pietrodangelo, A., Pillon, S., Pokorna, P., Prati, P., Salameh, D., Samara, C., Samek, L., Saraga, D., Sauvage, S., Schaap, M., Scotto, F., Sega, K., Siour, G., Tauler, R., Valli, G., Vecchi, R., Venturini, E., Vestenius, M., Waked, A., Yubero, E., Belis, C. A., Pernigotti, D., Pirovano, G., Favez, O., Jaffrezo, J. L., Kuenen, J., van Der Gon, H. Denier, Reizer, M., Riffault, V, Alleman, L. Y., Almeida, M., Amato, F., Angyal, A., Argyropoulos, G., Bande, S., Beslic, I, Besombes, J-L, Bove, M. C., Brotto, P., Calori, G., Cesari, D., Colombi, C., Contini, D., De Gennaro, G., Di Gilio, A., Diapouli, E., El Haddad, I, Elbern, H., Eleftheriadis, K., Ferreira, J., Vivanco, M. Garcia, Gilardoni, S., Golly, B., Hellebust, S., Hopke, P. K., Izadmanesh, Y., Jorquera, H., Krajsek, K., Kranenburg, R., Lazzeri, P., Lenartz, F., Lucarelli, F., Maciejewska, K., Manders, A., Manousakas, M., Masiol, M., Mircea, M., Mooibroek, D., Nava, S., Oliveira, D., Paglione, M., Pandolfi, M., Perrone, M., Petralia, E., Pietrodangelo, A., Pillon, S., Pokorna, P., Prati, P., Salameh, D., Samara, C., Samek, L., Saraga, D., Sauvage, S., Schaap, M., Scotto, F., Sega, K., Siour, G., Tauler, R., Valli, G., Vecchi, R., Venturini, E., Vestenius, M., Waked, A., and Yubero, E.

Abstract

In this study, the performance of two types of source apportionment models was evaluated by assessing the results provided by 40 different groups in the framework of an intercomparison organised by FAIRMODE WG3 (Forum for air quality modelling in Europe, Working Group 3). The evaluation was based on two performance indicators: z-scores and the root mean square error weighted by the reference uncertainty (RMSEu), with pre-established acceptability criteria. By involving models based on completely different and independent input data, such as receptor models (RMs) and chemical transport models (CTMs), the intercomparison provided a unique opportunity for their cross-validation. In addition, comparing the CTM chemical profiles with those measured directly at the source contributed to corroborate the consistency of the tested model results. The most commonly used RM was the US EPA- PMF version 5. RMs showed very good performance for the overall dataset (91% of z-scores accepted) while more difficulties were observed with the source contribution time series (72% of RMSEu accepted). Industrial activities proved to be the most difficult sources to be quantified by RMs, with high variability in the estimated contributions. In the CTMs, the sum of computed source contributions was lower than the measured gravimetric PM10 mass concentrations. The performance tests pointed out the differences between the two CTM approaches used for source apportionment in this study: brute force (or emission reduction impact) and tagged species methods. The sources meeting the z-score and RMSEu acceptability criteria tests were 50% and 86%, respectively. The CTM source contributions to PM10 were in the majority of cases lower than the RM averages for the corresponding source. The CTMs and RMs source contributions for the overall dataset were more comparable (83% of the z-scores accepted) than their time series (successful RMSEu in the range 25% - 34%). The comparability between CTMs and RMs va

Published
2020

9. Implementation and application of a standardized PMF methodology for the source apportionment of PM10 at different urban environments in France using a constrained US-EPA/PMF5.0 model

Author

Salameh, T., Favez, O., GOLLY, B., Besombes, J., Alleman, L., Bonnaire, N., Albinet, A., Jaffrezo, J., Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), INERIS, Parc Technologique, ALATA BP 2 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Gif-sur-Yvette, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
[INFO]Computer Science [cs], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

10. Influence of the renewal of residential wood stoves on the PM biomass burning contribution in a French Alps valley

Author

Sylvestre, A., Golly, B., Francony, J.C., Piot, C., Jaffrezo, J.L., Brulfert, G., Besombes, Jean-Luc, Oumedjbeur, Abdelkrim, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), and Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

11. Seasonal variation of PM chemical constituents in different French urban environments

Author

Salameh, D., Golly, B., Besombes, Jean-Luc, Chevrier, F., Alleman, L., Favez, O., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and Oumedjbeur, Abdelkrim

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

12. Contribution of one year measurements in Arve valley to the chemical knowledge of alpine valleys and deconvolution of combustion sources

Author

Chevrier, F., Golly, B., Ježek, I., Močnik, G., Brulfert, G., Laurent, J.-P., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Besombes, Jean-Luc, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oumedjbeur, Abdelkrim, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

13. Source apportionment of PM10 in a north-western Europe regional urban background site (Lens, France) using positive matrix factorization and including primary biogenic emissions

Author

Waked, A., Favez, O., Alleman L., Y., Piot, C., Petit, J.-E., Delaunay, T., Verlinden, E., GOLLY, B., Besombes, Jean-Luc, Jaffrezo, J.-L., Oumedjbeur, Abdelkrim, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Atmosphérique Expérimentale (CAE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The publication of this article is financed by CNRS-INSU, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (CHU de Dijon), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; In this work, the source of ambient particulate matter (PM 10) collected over a one-year period at an urban background site in Lens (France) was determined and investigated using a positive matrix factorization receptor model (US EPA PMF v3.0). In addition, a potential source contribution function (PSCF) was performed by means of the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (Hys-plit) v4.9 model to assess prevailing geographical origins of the identified sources. A selective iteration process was followed for the qualification of the more robust and meaningful PMF solution. Components measured and used in the PMF included inorganic and organic species: soluble ionic species, trace elements, elemental carbon (EC), sugar alcohols , sugar anhydride, and organic carbon (OC). The mean PM 10 concentration measured from March 2011 to March 2012 was about 21 µg m −3 with typically OM, nitrate and sulfate contributing to most of the mass and accounting respectively for 5.8, 4.5 and 2.3 µg m −3 on a yearly basis. Accordingly, PMF outputs showed that the main emission sources were (in decreasing order of contribution) secondary inorganic aerosols (28 % of the total PM 10 mass), aged marine emissions (19 %), with probably predominant contribution of shipping activities, biomass burning (13 %), mineral dust (13 %), primary biogenic emissions (9 %), fresh sea salts (8 %), primary traffic emissions (6 %) and heavy oil combustion (4 %). Significant temporal variations were observed for most of the identified sources. In particular, biomass burning emissions were negligible in summer but responsible for about 25 % of total PM 10 and 50 % of total OC in winter-time. Conversely, primary biogenic emissions were found to be negligible in winter but to represent about 20 % of total PM 10 and 40 % of total OC in summer. The latter result calls for more investigations of primary biogenic aerosols using source apportionment studies, which quite usually disregard this type of source. This study further underlines the major influence of secondary processes during daily threshold exceedances. Finally, apparent discrepancies that could be generally observed between filter-based studies (such as the present one) and aerosol mass spectrometer-based PMF analyses (organic fractions) are also discussed.

Published
2014
Full Text
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14. Source apportionment of PM 10 in a north-western Europe regional urban background site (Lens, France) using positive matrix factorization and including primary biogenic emissions

Author

Waked, A., Favez, O., Alleman, L., Piot, C., Petit, J.-E., Delaunay, T., Verlinden, E., GOLLY, B., Besombes, J.-L., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Leoz-Garziandia, E., Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Environnement Atmosphérique (CEREA), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Atmo Nord Pas-de-Calais, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire LCME / Equipe Chimie de l'Environnement (LCME_CE), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), and The publication of this article is financed by CNRS-INSU

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

International audience; In this work, the source of ambient particulate matter (PM 10) collected over a one-year period at an urban background site in Lens (France) was determined and investigated using a positive matrix factorization receptor model (US EPA PMF v3.0). In addition, a potential source contribution function (PSCF) was performed by means of the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (Hys-plit) v4.9 model to assess prevailing geographical origins of the identified sources. A selective iteration process was followed for the qualification of the more robust and meaningful PMF solution. Components measured and used in the PMF included inorganic and organic species: soluble ionic species, trace elements, elemental carbon (EC), sugar alcohols , sugar anhydride, and organic carbon (OC). The mean PM 10 concentration measured from March 2011 to March 2012 was about 21 µg m −3 with typically OM, nitrate and sulfate contributing to most of the mass and accounting respectively for 5.8, 4.5 and 2.3 µg m −3 on a yearly basis. Accordingly, PMF outputs showed that the main emission sources were (in decreasing order of contribution) secondary inorganic aerosols (28 % of the total PM 10 mass), aged marine emissions (19 %), with probably predominant contribution of shipping activities, biomass burning (13 %), mineral dust (13 %), primary biogenic emissions (9 %), fresh sea salts (8 %), primary traffic emissions (6 %) and heavy oil combustion (4 %). Significant temporal variations were observed for most of the identified sources. In particular, biomass burning emissions were negligible in summer but responsible for about 25 % of total PM 10 and 50 % of total OC in winter-time. Conversely, primary biogenic emissions were found to be negligible in winter but to represent about 20 % of total PM 10 and 40 % of total OC in summer. The latter result calls for more investigations of primary biogenic aerosols using source apportionment studies, which quite usually disregard this type of source. This study further underlines the major influence of secondary processes during daily threshold exceedances. Finally, apparent discrepancies that could be generally observed between filter-based studies (such as the present one) and aerosol mass spectrometer-based PMF analyses (organic fractions) are also discussed.

Published
2014
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15. Supplementary material to "Argon offline-AMS source apportionment of organic aerosol over yearly cycles for an urban, rural and marine site in Northern Europe"

Author

Bozzetti, C., primary, Sosedova, Y., additional, Xiao, M., additional, Daellenbach, K. R., additional, Ulevicius, V., additional, Dudoitis, V., additional, Mordas, G., additional, Byčenkienė, S., additional, Plauškaitė, K., additional, Vlachou, A., additional, Golly, B., additional, Chazeau, B., additional, Besombes, J.-L., additional, Baltensperger, U., additional, Jaffrezo, J.-L., additional, Slowik, J. G., additional, El Haddad, I., additional, and Prévôt, A. S. H., additional

Published
2016
Full Text
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16. Argon offline-AMS source apportionment of organic aerosol over yearly cycles for an urban, rural and marine site in Northern Europe

Author

Bozzetti, C., primary, Sosedova, Y., additional, Xiao, M., additional, Daellenbach, K. R., additional, Ulevicius, V., additional, Dudoitis, V., additional, Mordas, G., additional, Byčenkienė, S., additional, Plauškaitė, K., additional, Vlachou, A., additional, Golly, B., additional, Chazeau, B., additional, Besombes, J.-L., additional, Baltensperger, U., additional, Jaffrezo, J.-L., additional, Slowik, J. G., additional, El Haddad, I., additional, and Prévôt, A. S. H., additional

Published
2016
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17. Study of BC sources in a closed alpine valley in France : seasonal variations and specificities of biomass burning impacts

Author

GOLLY, B., Piot, C., Besombes, Jean-Luc, Jaffrezo, J.-L., Brulfert, G., Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Air Rhône-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Oumedjbeur, Abdelkrim

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

18. Polycyclic Aromatic Sulfur Heterocycles (PASHS): new tracers of industrial emissions for PAHs source apportionment in atmosphere

Author

GOLLY, B., Piot, C., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Brulfert, G., Besombes, Jean-Luc, Oumedjbeur, Abdelkrim, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion (CERAG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Air Rhône-Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

19. Detailed chemical characterization of ultrafine particles from vehicle exhaust

Author

Donaz, F., Polo, L., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Piot, C., Cozic, J., GOLLY, B., Marchand, N., Besombes, Jean-Luc, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire Chimie de l'environnement (LCE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2012

20. Sulfur containing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PASHs) : new perspectives of tracers for source apportionment of aerosols

Author

GOLLY, B., Piot, C., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Chapuis, D., Besombes, Jean-Luc, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chambre d'Agriculture de Saône-et-Loire (CA 71), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2012

21. Identification des sources d’émission des polluants organiques persistants dans les vallées alpines par l’utilisation de nouveau traceurs

Author

GOLLY, B., Piot, C., Jaffrezo, JL., Chapuis, D., Besombes, Jean-Luc, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and Chambre d'Agriculture de Saône-et-Loire (CA 71)

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2012

22. Evaluation des processus photocatalytiques pour la dépollution de l'air

Author

GOLLY, B., MONGE, B., George, C., Danna, B., IRCELYON, ProductionsScientifiques, AIR (AIR), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
[CHIM.CATA] Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

@ AIR+CGO:BDA; International audience; None

Published
2011

24. Supplementary material to "Source apportionment of PM<sub>10</sub> in a North-Western Europe regional urban background site (Lens, France) using Positive Matrix Factorization and including primary biogenic emissions"

Author

Waked, A., primary, Favez, O., additional, Alleman, L. Y., additional, Piot, C., additional, Petit, J.-E., additional, Delaunay, T., additional, Verlinden, E., additional, Golly, B., additional, Besombes, J.-L., additional, Jaffrezo, J.-L., additional, and Leoz-Garziandia, E., additional

Published
2013
Full Text
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25. Source apportionment of PM<sub>10</sub> in a North-Western Europe regional urban background site (Lens, France) using Positive Matrix Factorization and including primary biogenic emissions

Author

Waked, A., primary, Favez, O., additional, Alleman, L. Y., additional, Piot, C., additional, Petit, J.-E., additional, Delaunay, T., additional, Verlinden, E., additional, Golly, B., additional, Besombes, J.-L., additional, Jaffrezo, J.-L., additional, and Leoz-Garziandia, E., additional

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Argon offline-AMS source apportionment of organic aerosol over yearly cycles for an urban, rural and marine site in Northern Europe.

Author

Bozzetti, C., Sosedova, Y., Xiao, M., Daellenbach, K. R., Ulevicius, V., Dudoitis, V., Mordas, G., Byčenkienė, S., Plauškaitė, K., Vlachou, A., Golly, B., Chazeau, B., Besombes, J.-L., Baltensperger, U., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Slowik, J. G., El Haddad, I., and Prévôt, A. S. H.

Abstract

The widespread use of Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometers (AMS) has greatly improved real-time organic aerosol (OA) monitoring, providing mass spectra that contain sufficient information for source apportionment. However, AMS field deployments remain expensive and demanding, limiting the acquisition of long-term datasets at many sampling sites. The offline application of aerosol mass spectrometry entailing the analysis of nebulized water extracted filter samples (offline-AMS) increases the spatial coverage accessible to AMS measurements, being filters routinely collected at many stations worldwide. PM1 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 1 µm) filter samples were collected during an entire year in Lithuania at three different locations representative of three typical environments of the South-East Baltic region: Vilnius (urban background), Rūgšteliškis (rural terrestrial), and Preila (rural coastal). Aqueous filter extracts were nebulized in Ar, yielding the first AMS measurements of water-soluble atmospheric organic aerosol (WSOA) without interference from air fragments. This enables direct measurement of the CO+ fragment contribution, whose intensity is typically assumed to be equal to that of COCO2+. Offline-AMS spectra reveal that the water soluble CO2+: CO+ ratio not only shows values systematically < 1 but is also dependent on season, with lower values in winter than in summer. AMS WSOA spectra were analyzed using positive matrix factorization (PMF), yielding 5 factors: traffic exhaust OA (TEOA), biomass burning OA (BBOA), local OA (LOA) contributing significantly only in Vilnius, and two oxygenated OA (OOA) factors distinguished by seasonal variability. AMS-PMF source apportionment results were consistent with those obtained from PMF applied to marker concentrations (i.e. major inorganic ions, OC / EC, and organic markers including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives, hopanes, long-chain alkanes, monosaccharides, anhydrous sugars, and lignin fragmentation products). OA was the largest fraction of PM1 and was dominated by BBOA during winter with an average concentration of 2 µg m-3 (53% of OA), while summer-OOA (S-OOA), probably related to biogenic emissions was the prevalent OA source during summer with an average concentration of 1.2 µg m-3 (45% of OM). PMF ascribed a large part of the CO+ explained variability (97%) to the OOA and BBOA factors. Accordingly we discuss a new CO+ parameterization as a function of COCO2+, and C2H4OCO2+ fragments, which were selected to describe the variability of the OOA and BBOA factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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27. Source apportionment of PM10 in a north-western Europe regional urban background site (Lens, France) using positive matrix factorization and including primary biogenic emissions.

Author

Waked, A., Favez, O., Alleman, L. Y., Piot, C., Petit, J. -E., Delaunay, T., Verlinden, E., Golly, B., Besombes, J. -L., Jaffrezo, J. -L., and Leoz-Garziandia, E.

Subjects
PARTICULATE matter, BIOMASS burning, CITIES & towns, ANHYDRIDES, EMISSION control, ATMOSPHERIC aerosols
Abstract

In this work, the source of ambient particulate matter (PM10) collected over a one-year period at an urban background site in Lens (France) was determined and investigated using a positive matrix factorization receptor model (US EPA PMF v3.0). In addition, a potential source contribution function (PSCF) was performed by means of the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (Hysplit) v4.9 model to assess prevailing geographical origins of the identified sources. A selective iteration process was followed for the qualification of the more robust and meaningful PMF solution. Components measured and used in the PMF included inorganic and organic species: soluble ionic species, trace elements, elemental carbon (EC), sugar alcohols, sugar anhydride, and organic carbon (OC). The mean PM10 concentration measured from March 2011 to March 2012 was about 21 μg m-3 with typically OM, nitrate and sulfate contributing to most of the mass and accounting respectively for 5.8, 4.5 and 2.3 μg m-3 on a yearly basis. Accordingly, PMF outputs showed that the main emission sources were (in decreasing order of contribution) secondary inorganic aerosols (28% of the total PM10 mass), aged marine emissions (19%), with probably predominant contribution of shipping activities, biomass burning (13%), mineral dust (13%), primary biogenic emissions (9%), fresh sea salts (8%), primary traffic emissions (6%) and heavy oil combustion (4%). Significant temporal variations were observed for most of the identified sources. In particular, biomass burning emissions were negligible in summer but responsible for about 25% of total PM10 and 50% of total OC in wintertime. Conversely, primary biogenic emissions were found to be negligible in winter but to represent about 20% of total PM10 and 40% of total OC in summer. The latter result calls for more investigations of primary biogenic aerosols using source apportionment studies, which quite usually disregard this type of source. This study further underlines the major influence of secondary processes during daily threshold exceedances. Finally, apparent discrepancies that could be generally observed between filter-based studies (such as the present one) and aerosol mass spectrometer-based PMF analyses (organic fractions) are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

28. Source apportionment of PM10 in a North-Western Europe regional urban background site (Lens, France) using Positive Matrix Factorization and including primary biogenic emissions.

Author

Waked, A., Favez, O., Alleman, L. Y., Piot, C., Petit, J.-E., Delaunay, T., Verlinden, E., Golly, B., Besombes, J.-L., Jaffrezo, J.-L., and Leoz-Garziandia, E.

Abstract

In this work, the source of ambient particulate matter (PM10) collected over a one year period at an urban background site in Lens (France) were determined and investigated using a Positive Matrix Factorization receptor model (US EPA PMF v3.0). In addition, a Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) was performed by means of the Hysplit v4.9 model to assess prevailing geographical origins of the identified sources. A selective iteration process was followed for the qualification of the more robust and meaningful PMF solution. Components measured and used in the PMF include inorganic and organic species: soluble ionic species, trace elements, elemental carbon (EC), sugars alcohols, sugar anhydride, and organic carbon (OC). The mean PM10 concentration measured from March 2011 to March 2012 was about 21 μgm-3 with typically OM, nitrate and sulfate contributing to most of the mass and accounting respectively for 5.8, 4.5 and 2.3 μgm-3 on a yearly basis. Accordingly, PMF outputs showed that the main emission sources were (in a decreasing order of contribution): secondary inorganic aerosols (28% of the total PM10 mass), aged marine emissions (19 %), with probably predominant contribution of shipping activities, biomass burning (13 %), mineral dust (13 %), primary biogenic emissions (9 %), fresh sea salts (8 %), primary traffic emissions (6 %) and heavy oil combustion (4 %). Significant temporal variations were observed for most of the identified sources. In particular, biomass burning emissions were negligible in summer but responsible for about 25% of total PM10 and 50% of total OC at wintertime. Conversely, primary biogenic emissions were found to be negligible in winter but to represent about 20% of total PM10 and 40% of total OC in summer. The latter result calls for more investigations of primary biogenic aerosols using source apportionment studies, which quite usually disregards this type of sources. This study furthermore underlines the major influence of secondary processes during daily threshold exceedances. Finally, apparent discrepancies that could be generally observed between filter-based studies (such as the present one) and Aerosol Mass Spectrometer-based PMF analyses (organic fractions) are also discussed here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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29. Evaluation of receptor and chemical transport models for PM10 source apportionment

Author

Constantini Samara, F. Lenartz, A. Di Gilio, C. Colombi, K. Maciejewska, Roberta Vecchi, Guido Pirovano, Kai Krajsek, Evangelia Diapouli, D. Mooibroek, Maria Grazia Perrone, K. Sega, Benjamin Golly, Daniele Contini, Fabiana Scotto, M. Masiol, Marcelo Pinho Almeida, E. Venturini, Giuseppe Calori, H.A.C. Denier van der Gon, Marta G. Vivanco, Daniela Cesari, Claudio A. Belis, Silvia Nava, G. Valli, Franco Lucarelli, Antoine Waked, Paolo Brotto, Véronique Riffault, Mihaela Mircea, Ettore Petralia, Eduardo Yubero, Jean-Luc Besombes, Jeroen Kuenen, M. Manousakas, Guillaume Siour, G. de Gennaro, A. Angyal, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Stig Hellebust, Petra Pokorná, M. Reizer, Fulvio Amato, Philip K. Hopke, Laurent Y. Alleman, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, G. Argyropoulos, S. Bande, Paolo Prati, S. Pillon, Richard Kranenburg, Olivier Favez, Dikaia Saraga, Yahya Izadmanesh, Stefania Gilardoni, I. Beslic, Hendrik Elbern, Astrid Manders, Joana Ferreira, Romà Tauler, Stéphane Sauvage, P. Lazzeri, Mika Vestenius, Héctor Jorquera, D. Pernigotti, Lucyna Samek, Dalia Salameh, Marco Pandolfi, Marco Paglione, I. El Haddad, Martijn Schaap, A. Pietrodangelo, Maria Chiara Bove, D. Oliveira, Amato, Fulvio, Pandolfi, Marco, Tauler, Romà, European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico (RSE), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), TNO Climate, Air and Sustainability [Utrecht], The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Warsaw University of Technology [Warsaw], Centre for Energy and Environment (CERI EE - IMT Nord Europe), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Nord Europe), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Bobadela LRS, Portugal, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute for Nuclear Research [Budapest] (ATOMKI), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, University of Thessaloniki, ARPA Piemonte Regional Agency for Environmental Protection, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Laboratoire LCME / Equipe Chimie de l'Environnement (LCME_CE), Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), ARIANET Srl, CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), ARPA Lombardia, Dipartimento Sub-Provinciale Città di Milano, Department of Biology [University of Bari], Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Energy and Safety (INRASTES), National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos' (NCSR), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Universidade de Aveiro, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [Madrid] (CIEMAT), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), University College Cork (UCC), Clarkson University, Khajeh Nasir Toosi University of Technology [Téhéran] (KNTU), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC), Agenzia Provinciale Protezione Ambiente, Institut scientifique de service public [Liège] (ISSeP), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Firenze (INFN, Sezione di Firenze), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Agenzia Nazionale per le nuove Tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile = Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Institute for Atmospheric Pollution Research, Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention and Protection of the Veneto (ARPAV), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science [Kraków] (FPACS), AGH University of Science and Technology [Krakow, PL] (AGH UST), ARPA Emilia-Romagna, Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Milano, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Miguel Hernández University, French Ministry of Environment, 'Hauts de France' Regional Council, European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), National Research, Development and Innovation Office – NKFIH, contract number PD 125086, Grant CONICYT/FONDAP/15110020, CARA program, UID/Multi/04349/2013 project, ANR-11-LABX-0005,Cappa,Physiques et Chimie de l'Environnement Atmosphérique(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0056,OSUG@2020,Innovative strategies for observing and modelling natural systems(2010), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Centre for Energy and Environment (CERI EE), University of Genoa (UNIGE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), University of Bologna, Amato, Fulvio [0000-0003-1546-9154], Pandolfi, Marco [0000-0002-7493-7213], Tauler, Romà [0000-0001-8559-9670], Belis, C. A., Pernigotti, D., Pirovano, G., Favez, O., Jaffrezo, J. L., Kuenen, J., Denier van Der Gon, H., Reizer, M., Riffault, V., Alleman, L. Y., Almeida, M., Amato, F., Angyal, A., Argyropoulos, G., Bande, S., Beslic, I., Besombes, J. -L., Bove, M. C., Brotto, P., Calori, G., Cesari, D., Colombi, C., Contini, D., De Gennaro, G., Di Gilio, A., Diapouli, E., El Haddad, I., Elbern, H., Eleftheriadis, K., Ferreira, J., Vivanco, M. G., Gilardoni, S., Golly, B., Hellebust, S., Hopke, P. K., Izadmanesh, Y., Jorquera, H., Krajsek, K., Kranenburg, R., Lazzeri, P., Lenartz, F., Lucarelli, F., Maciejewska, K., Manders, A., Manousakas, M., Masiol, M., Mircea, M., Mooibroek, D., Nava, S., Oliveira, D., Paglione, M., Pandolfi, M., Perrone, M., Petralia, E., Pietrodangelo, A., Pillon, S., Pokorna, P., Prati, P., Salameh, D., Samara, C., Samek, L., Saraga, D., Sauvage, S., Schaap, M., Scotto, F., Sega, K., Siour, G., Tauler, R., Valli, G., Vecchi, R., Venturini, E., Vestenius, M., Waked, A., Yubero, E., JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), INERIS-Parc Technologique, INERIS, Parc Technologique, ALATA BP 2 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Département S.A.G.E (SAGE), École des Mines de Douai (Mines Douai EMD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Department of immunology and Infectious Deseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Fisica, ICT Institute of Politecnico di Milano, Institute of Nuclear Technology & Radiation Protection, Rhenish Institute for Environmental Research (RIU), University of Cologne, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University of Rochester Medical Center, Universita degli studi di Napoli 'Parthenope' [Napoli], INTA - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, CEA-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire (CEA-DEN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Environmental Research Laboratory, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics, Universita degli Studi di Milano & National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Belis C.A., Pernigotti D., Pirovano G., Favez O., Jaffrezo J.L., Kuenen J., Denier van Der Gon H., Reizer M., Riffault V., Alleman L.Y., Almeida M., Amato F., Angyal A., Argyropoulos G., Bande S., Beslic I., Besombes J.-L., Bove M.C., Brotto P., Calori G., Cesari D., Colombi C., Contini D., De Gennaro G., Di Gilio A., Diapouli E., El Haddad I., Elbern H., Eleftheriadis K., Ferreira J., Vivanco M.G., Gilardoni S., Golly B., Hellebust S., Hopke P.K., Izadmanesh Y., Jorquera H., Krajsek K., Kranenburg R., Lazzeri P., Lenartz F., Lucarelli F., Maciejewska K., Manders A., Manousakas M., Masiol M., Mircea M., Mooibroek D., Nava S., Oliveira D., Paglione M., Pandolfi M., Perrone M., Petralia E., Pietrodangelo A., Pillon S., Pokorna P., Prati P., Salameh D., Samara C., Samek L., Saraga D., Sauvage S., Schaap M., Scotto F., Sega K., Siour G., Tauler R., Valli G., Vecchi R., Venturini E., Vestenius M., Waked A., and Yubero E.

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Source apportionment, PM, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Mean squared error, High variability, Chemical transport, Urbanisation, lcsh:QC851-999, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Chemical transport model, models, Lens, Receptor models, PM10, lcsh:Environmental pollution, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Apportionment, Consistency (statistics), Chemical transport models, Intercomparison, 10, Statistics, Range (statistics), Source apportionment, PM10, Receptor models, Chemical transport models, Intercomparison, Lens, Air quality index, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Settore CHIM/12 - Chimica dell'Ambiente e dei Beni Culturali, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Comparability, Len, Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica e Vulcanologia, 13. Climate action, lcsh:TD172-193.5, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Air quality, Environmental science, Receptor model, lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology, Performance indicator, Environment & Sustainability
Abstract

In this study, the performance of two types of source apportionment models was evaluated by assessing the results provided by 40 different groups in the framework of an intercomparison organised by FAIRMODE WG3 (Forum for air quality modelling in Europe, Working Group 3). The evaluation was based on two performance indicators: z-scores and the root mean square error weighted by the reference uncertainty (RMSEu), with pre-established acceptability criteria. By involving models based on completely different and independent input data, such as receptor models (RMs) and chemical transport models (CTMs), the intercomparison provided a unique opportunity for their cross-validation. In addition, comparing the CTM chemical profiles with those measured directly at the source contributed to corroborate the consistency of the tested model results. The most commonly used RM was the US EPA- PMF version 5. RMs showed very good performance for the overall dataset (91% of z-scores accepted) while more difficulties were observed with the source contribution time series (72% of RMSEu accepted). Industrial activities proved to be the most difficult sources to be quantified by RMs, with high variability in the estimated contributions. In the CTMs, the sum of computed source contributions was lower than the measured gravimetric PM10 mass concentrations. The performance tests pointed out the differences between the two CTM approaches used for source apportionment in this study: brute force (or emission reduction impact) and tagged species methods. The sources meeting the z-score and RMSEu acceptability criteria tests were 50% and 86%, respectively. The CTM source contributions to PM10 were in the majority of cases lower than the RM averages for the corresponding source. The CTMs and RMs source contributions for the overall dataset were more comparable (83% of the z-scores accepted) than their time series (successful RMSEu in the range 25% - 34%). The comparability between CTMs and RMs varied depending on the source: traffic/exhaust and industry were the source categories with the best results in the RMSEu tests while the most critical ones were soil dust and road dust. The differences between RMs and CTMs source reconstructions confirmed the importance of cross validating the results of these two families of models. © 2019 The Authors, The authors warmly thank J. Vercauteren (VMM) for providing the CHEMKAR dataset. The CARA program was funded by the French Ministry of environment . IMT Lille Douai participates in the CaPPA project funded by the ANR through the PIA under contract ANR-11-LABX-0005-01 , the “Hauts de France” Regional Council and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). The C2TN/IST author gratefully acknowledges the FCT support through the UID/Multi/04349/2013 project. J.L. Jaffrezo would like to thank F. Donnaz, F. Masson, and S. Ngo for the chemical analyses of the Lens samples performed at IGE (ECOC, ions, sugars). These were possible on the Air-O-Sol analytical platform supported by Labex OSUG@2020 (ANR10 LABX56). A. Angyal was supported by National Research, Development and Innovation Office – NKFIH , contract number PD 125086 . H. Jorquera acknowledges support from Grant CONICYT/FONDAP/15110020. P . Thunis commented on an early version of the manuscript.

Published
2020
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30. Speciation of organic fraction does matter for source apportionment. Part 1: A one-year campaign in Grenoble (France).

Author

Srivastava D, Tomaz S, Favez O, Lanzafame GM, Golly B, Besombes JL, Alleman LY, Jaffrezo JL, Jacob V, Perraudin E, Villenave E, and Albinet A

Abstract

PM 10 source apportionment was performed by positive matrix factorization (PMF) using specific primary and secondary organic molecular markers on samples collected over a one year period (2013) at an urban station in Grenoble (France). The results provided a 9-factor optimum solution, including sources rarely apportioned in the literature, such as two types of primary biogenic organic aerosols (fungal spores and plant debris), as well as specific biogenic and anthropogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOA). These sources were identified thanks to the use of key organic markers, namely, polyols, odd number higher alkanes, and several SOA markers related to the oxidation of isoprene, α-pinene, toluene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Primary and secondary biogenic contributions together accounted for at least 68% of the total organic carbon (OC) in the summer, while anthropogenic primary and secondary sources represented at least 71% of OC during wintertime. A very significant contribution of anthropogenic SOA was estimated in the winter during an intense PM pollution event (PM 10 >50μgm -3 for several days; 18% of PM 10 and 42% of OC). Specific meteorological conditions with a stagnation of pollutants over 10days and possibly Fenton-like chemistry and self-amplification cycle of SOA formation could explain such high anthropogenic SOA concentrations during this period. Finally, PMF outputs were also used to investigate the origins of humic-like substances (HuLiS), which represented 16% of OC on an annual average basis. The results indicated that HuLiS were mainly associated with biomass burning (22%), secondary inorganic (22%), mineral dust (15%) and biogenic SOA (14%) factors. This study is probably the first to state that HuLiS are significantly associated with mineral dust., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2018
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