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1. Biobased bitumen analogue formation during hydrothermal treatment of microalgae residues, part 1: Influence of reaction enthalpy on the process

Author

Emmanuel Chailleux, Yannick Madec, Gaël Colomines, Antoine Rolland, Alain Sarda, Eric Leroy, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN), Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Optimisation - Système - Energie (GEPEA-OSE), Département Matériaux et Structures (MAST), and Université Gustave Eiffel

Subjects
Exothermic reaction, Materials science, business.industry, 020209 energy, Enthalpy, Energy balance, Biomass, 02 engineering and technology, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 7. Clean energy, Hydrothermal circulation, Analytical Chemistry, Fuel Technology, 020401 chemical engineering, Chemical engineering, 13. Climate action, Thermal insulation, Thermal, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 0204 chemical engineering, business, Pyrolysis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The hydrothermal conversion process of industrial Spirulina sp. residues into bitumen analogue is studied with an instrumented reactor heated at 260 °C under autogenous pressure. During hydrothermal conversion experiments, an exothermic reaction starts during the heating ramp above 200 °C and perturbs the thermal regulation of the process. The end of the reaction is detected from recorded pressure and temperature signals. Thermal insulation of the reactor and monitoring of the electrical energy input for thermal regulation allows estimating a total reaction enthalpy ΔHr ≈ - 1.7 MJ/kg of dry biomass by performing two successive heating-isotherm experiments: First with biomass until complete reaction and again with reaction products after cooling. This second run is used as a reference for energy balance calculations.

Published
2020
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2. Influence of ionic plasticizers on the processing and viscosity of starch melts

Author

Gaël Colomines, Denis Lourdin, Guy Della Valle, Eric Leroy, Paul G. DeCaen, Sophie Guilois, Agnès Rolland-Sabaté, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN), Institut de biologie structurale et microbiologie (IBSM), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Polymers and Plastics, Rheometry, Organic Chemistry, Plasticizer, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Viscosity, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Chemical engineering, chemistry, Rheology, Ionic liquid, Materials Chemistry, Extensional viscosity, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Glass transition, Choline chloride, Thermoplastic starch, glass
Abstract

International audience; Maize starch was plasticized by glycerol, choline chloride ([Chol][Cl]) and ionic liquids (Choline acetate ([Chol][Ace]), 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride ([EMIM][Cl]) and 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][Ace]). Melt rheology at 120 °C was assessed with a twin-screw micro-compounder used for processing small quantities (8−10 g), and with a capillary rheometer with pre-shearing (Rheoplast). Qualitative agreement was found between shear viscosities obtained by both rheometry devices, showing the interest of the micro-compounder for screening of plasticizers’ influence. The lower shear viscosity values were obtained in presence of [EMIM][Ace] whereas [Chol][Cl] led to the largest ones. Rather than processing induced macromolecular degradation, the glass transition temperature depressing effect of the plasticizers was found to better explain viscosity differences. This underlines the strong influence of the nature of the plasticizers on starch melt rheology. Finally, results from extensional viscosity shows the specific influence of [EMIM][Ace], suggesting that this plasticizer could be particularly relevant for thermoplastic starch processing.

Published
2019
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3. The kinetic behavior of Liquid Silicone Rubber: A comparison between thermal and rheological approaches based on gel point determination

Author

Ali Harkous, Eric Leroy, Gaël Colomines, Pierre Mousseau, Rémi Deterre, Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Optimisation - Système - Energie (GEPEA-OSE), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes)

Subjects
Gel point, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Characterization, General Chemical Engineering, Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR), Thermosetting polymer, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, Silicone rubber, Elastomer, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Rheology, law, Thermal, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Composite material, Vulcanization, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Characterization (materials science), Thermo-kinetic model, chemistry, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR) belongs to the category of High Temperature Vulcanization rubbers (HTVs). Due to its implementation facility, its mechanical and thermal properties and its convenience for the medical and food industries, LSR is used in a wide range of applications. In order to examine LSR kinetic performances, thermal and rheometric experimental investigations are conducted to characterize the material and discuss the kinetic model describing crosslinking behavior. The Gel Point is investigated at different temperatures to improve our understanding of the different crosslinking steps and determine which characterization method (thermal or rheological) best represents the reaction. The results show that the LSR network undergoes specific development during crosslinking. Gel point occurs before the mechanical reaction starts. Gelation behavior resembles that of a thermosetting material despite the elasto-mer properties confirmed by the thermal study. Finally, the thermal method seems more reliable to describe the crosslinking kinetics of LSR.

Published
2016
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4. Biobased bitumen analogue formation during hydrothermal treatment of microalgae residues, part 2: Influence of residence time on reaction products

Author

Fabienne Farcas, Gaël Colomines, Eric Leroy, Alain Sarda, Yannick Madec, Emmanuel Chailleux, Clémence Queffélec, Antoine Rolland, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité : Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Département Matériaux et Structures (MAST), and Université Gustave Eiffel

Subjects
Chemistry, 020209 energy, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Residence time (fluid dynamics), Hydrothermal circulation, Isothermal process, Analytical Chemistry, law.invention, Hydrothermal carbonization, Hydrothermal liquefaction, Fuel Technology, 020401 chemical engineering, Chemical engineering, law, Phase (matter), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 0204 chemical engineering, Pyrolysis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Filtration
Abstract

The hydrothermal conversion of industrial Spirulina sp. residues at 260 °C under autogenous pressure is investigated. This second part of the study, focuses on the influence of the residence time on the final reaction products. The hydrophobic phase obtained after 60 min at 260 °C has a rheological behaviour similar to that of an elastomeric bio-binder. Removal of solid residues from the hydrophobic fraction by filtration leads to a pure conventional bitumen-like material pointing out their strong influence on rheology. The investigation of lower and larger residence times suggests that bio-bitumen formation first involves the formation of bio-char by hydrothermal carbonization during heating of the reactor to 260 °C followed by hydrothermal liquefaction during the isothermal plateau.

Published
2020
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5. PHBV Crystallization under Injection Molding Conditions: Influence of Packing Pressure and Mold Temperature

Author

Eric Leroy, Rémi Deterre, Sofiane Belhabib, Gaël Colomines, G. El hajj Sleiman, Isabelle Petit, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Optimisation - Système - Energie (GEPEA-OSE), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Molding (process), Environmental Science (miscellaneous), medicine.disease_cause, law.invention, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, law, Mold, medicine, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Crystallization, Composite material, Packing pressure, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018
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6. Natural Rubber-Based Ionogels

Author

Aurélie Guyomard-Lack, Bernard Humbert, J. Le Bideau, Eric Leroy, Rémi Deterre, Carole V. Cerclier, J Pilard, Gaël Colomines, Tkn Tran, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Optimisation - Système - Energie (GEPEA-OSE), Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), and Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Materials science, Polymer science, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Environmental Science (miscellaneous), 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Natural rubber, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018
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7. Thermo-mechanical recycling of rubber: Relationship between material properties and specific mechanical energy

Author

Gaël Colomines, Rémi Deterre, Edith Peuvrel-Disdier, Rodrigo Diaz, Optimisation - Système - Energie (GEPEA-OSE), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), IUT de Nantes, Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux (CEMEF), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010407 polymers, Materials science, rubber, 02 engineering and technology, recycling, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Natural rubber, crosslink density, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Composite material, surface activation, Metals and Alloys, Specific mechanical energy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Computer Science Applications, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Modeling and Simulation, visual_art, Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, 0210 nano-technology, Material properties, Devulcanization, Thermo mechanical
Abstract

International audience; The studied and optimized devulcanization process is known as " High Shear Mixing " (HSM) recycling process. In the process the rubber is sheared between two metallic cones with special geometries. One cone is static as the other one rotates simultaneously and applies pressure to the material. Among the different parameters that are controlled and/or measured during the process two are highlighted for their importance: the temperature of the rubber, and the specific mechanical energy consumed during the process. It is shown that the energy consumed by the rotor can be correlated to the degree of devulcanization of the rubber which is measured by means of physicochemical analyses. An optimal state of surface activation on the treated rubber is also described. A physical model of the rubber network evolution along the HSM treatment is proposed.

Published
2018
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8. Hydroxyl telechelic natural rubber-based polyurethane: Influence of molecular weight on non-isothermal cure kinetics

Author

Arnaud Nourry, Thi Kieu Nhung Tran, Rémi Deterre, Jean-François Pilard, Eric Leroy, Gaël Colomines, Université de Nantes - Institut Universitaire de Technologie (IUT NANTES), Université de Nantes (UN), Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Optimisation - Système - Energie (GEPEA-OSE), Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Le Mans Université (UM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST)

Subjects
Materials science, Order of reaction, Kinetics, 02 engineering and technology, Activation energy, Calorimetry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Modelling, Reversible reaction, chemistry.chemical_compound, Natural rubber, Polymer chemistry, Reactivity (chemistry), Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Instrumentation, Polyurethane, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Bio-based polyurethane, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Molar mass distribution, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Isoconversional analysis was applied to non-isothermal bulk cure kinetics of uncatalyzed polyurethane (PU) resins based on telechelic hydoxyl natural rubber (HTNR) and poly[(phenyl isocyanate)-co-formaldehyde] (P-MDI). The dependency of apparent activation energy on conversion led to the identification of two different kinetic models, each involving two activation energies: a phenomenological model based on the Kamal–Sourour equation with non integer reaction exponents; and a new semi-mechanistic model assuming a main second order reaction between alcohols and isocyanates forming urethane linkages and a secondary reversible reaction forming allophanates that is known to become significant above 120 °C. Such a model based on mechanistic considerations allowed us to explain the variations of reactivity of the HTNR polyols with its average molecular weight.

Published
2015
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9. Choline chloride vs choline ionic liquids for starch thermoplasticization

Author

Gaël Colomines, Eric Leroy, Paul G. DeCaen, Vanessa Jury, Agnès Rolland-Sabaté, Nadine Allanic, Sophie Guilois, Denis Lourdin, Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), Optimisation - Système - Energie (GEPEA-OSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Leroy, Eric

Subjects
Glycerol, Polymers and Plastics, Starch, Ionic bonding, plastification, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Choline, Plasticizer, Ionic liquids, Extrusion, chemistry.chemical_compound, Plasticizers, Materials Chemistry, chromatographie d'exclusion stérique, Organic chemistry, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 010405 organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, food and beverages, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 6. Clean water, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Ionic liquid, amidon de mais, 0210 nano-technology, Choline chloride
Abstract

International audience; Native starch containing 12% water was melt processed in presence of 23% of various plasticizers at 120 °C, either by simple compression molding or by extrusion using a laboratory scale microcompounder. Glycerol, a typical starch plasticizer, was used as a reference and compared to three choline salts: raw choline chloride (which is a solid in dry state with a melting point above 300 °C), and two ionic liquids synthesized from this precursor (choline acetate and choline lactate, liquids below 100 °C). These ionic plasticizers were shown to allow a more efficient melting of native starch in both processes. The investigation of macromolecular structure changes during processing shows that this efficiency can be ascribed to a starch chain scission mechanism, resulting in lower specific mechanical energy input need for starch thermoplasticization compared to glycerol plasticized starch. Compared to the synthesized ionic liquids, raw commercial choline chloride leads to a good compromise between limited chain scission, and final water uptake and thermomechanical properties.

Published
2017
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10. Thermo-Kinetic Analysis of Liquid Silicone Rubber

Author

Nadine Allanic, Ali Harkous, Rémi Deterre, Gaël Colomines, Pierre Mousseau, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010407 polymers, Materials science, Kinetic reaction, Mechanical Engineering, Kinetic analysis, Modeling, Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR), [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Molding (process), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Kinetic energy, Silicone rubber, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Kamal-Sourour, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Isayev, General Materials Science, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Modeling and optimization of LSR parts require an accurate kinetic modeling of the material crosslinking. Calorimetric and mechanical measurements for different temperature ramps are used in order to calculate the crosslinking extent as a function of time and temperature. Thesemeasurements are numerically treated in order to determine the parameters of a representative model. The chosen model will be used to simulate a LSR molded parts and design a LSR controlled molding setup.

Published
2013
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11. Biofriendly ionic liquids for starch plasticization: a screening approach

Author

Paul G. DeCaen, Denis Lourdin, Gaël Colomines, Eric Leroy, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN), Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Optimisation - Système - Energie (GEPEA-OSE), Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), GDR BioMatPro, INRA, CNRS, 'Region de Pays de la Loire' Council, Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST)

Subjects
Materials science, Thermoplastic, Starch, General Chemical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, electrolytes, 010402 general chemistry, water-content, 01 natural sciences, Ion, chemistry.chemical_compound, Organic chemistry, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, crystallinity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, deep eutectic solvents, chemistry.chemical_classification, Ion exchange, Plasticizer, relative-humidity, Recrystallization (metallurgy), imidazolium, General Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, thermoplastic starch, Ionic liquid, glass-transition, films, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; A series of cholinium cation-based bioionic liquids (BioILs) were synthetized with the aim of screening their performance as potential plasticizers of thermoplastic starch. To synthesize these BioILs, two easy and fast synthetic routes were selected: an ion exchange reaction, direct and economical, and a two-step acid-base reaction. Most of these BioILs allowed efficient plasticization of starch by film casting. The structure of the anion used significantly influences the thermo(hygro) mechanical and recrystallization behavior, making it possible to modulate the properties of the final material.

Published
2016
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12. Rubber-based acrylate resins: An alternative for tire recycling and carbon neutral thermoset materials design

Author

Jean-François Pilard, Thi Kieu Nhung Tran, Arnaud Nourry, Gaël Colomines, Rémi Deterre, Eric Leroy, Matrices Aliments Procédés Propriétés Structure - Sensoriel (GEPEA-MAPS2), Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Polytechnique de l'Université de Nantes (EPUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie Saint-Nazaire (IUT Saint-Nazaire), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut Universitaire de Technologie - La Roche-sur-Yon (IUT La Roche-sur-Yon), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Optimisation - Système - Energie (GEPEA-OSE), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Nantes (IUT Nantes), and Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Acrylate, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Polymer science, Thermosetting polymer, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Materials design, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, chemistry.chemical_compound, Monomer, Carbon neutrality, chemistry, Natural rubber, visual_art, Materials Chemistry, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Tire recycling, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Rubber is a widely available potential carbon neutral resource, both as native natural rubber state and as vulcanized state in waste tires. Herein, we describe a model synthesis of acrylate telechelic natural rubber (AcTNR) oligomers and the use of such oligomers to prepare novel acrylate resins. AcTNR oligomers are synthesized according to a two steps procedure implying a controlled C = C bond's scission of high-molecular-weight natural rubber and a further chain ends functionalization. The molar mass of the resulting AcTNR is found to be 2300 g/mol as determined by 1H NMR. AcTNR-based resins are then prepared by mixing AcTNR oligomers with various reactive diluents (RD) such as styrene, 1,4-butanediol ether, tri(propylene glycol) diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (AcTNR:RD weight ratio 7:3). These bio-based resins are afterward cured in the presence of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide as initiator and cobalt octoate as accelerator at 80 °C and postcured at 120 °C. The cured resins offer a wide range of mechanical, thermal, and dynamic-mechanical performances. This approach could be extended to rubber tire wastes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43548.

Published
2016
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13. Rheological characterization of a thermally unstable bioplastic in injection molding conditions

Author

Jean-Luc Audic, Isabelle Petit, Eric Leroy, Rémi Deterre, Gaël Colomines, Laboratoire de génie des procédés - environnement - agroalimentaire (GEPEA), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Size-exclusion chromatography, 02 engineering and technology, Molding (process), 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Viscosity, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Rheology, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Inline monitoring, Materials Chemistry, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Composite material, Injection molding, Poly(hydroxy-alkanoates), [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Plasticizer, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Mechanics of Materials, Thermal degradation, Melting point, Molar mass distribution, 0210 nano-technology, Injection molding machine, Bioplastics
Abstract

International audience; Poly(hydroxy-alcanoates) bioplastics have an unusually small temperature processing window due to their thermal instability, which affects both molecular weight distribution and rheological behavior. The use of a rheometrical device mounted on an injection molding machine has been shown to allow the study of dynamic viscosity variations for very short residence times in the melt (down to a few tens of seconds). Moreover, dynamic viscosity can be obtained over a wide range of shear rates (up to 50000 s−1) with both Bagley and Rabinowitsch corrections. The rheological data obtained for a poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), PHBV copolymer shows that the reduction in viscosity associated with degradation is very fast and is detectable even at temperatures close to the melting point. Size Exclusion Chromatography analysis of selected samples shows that, except for residence times below 15s, molecular mass distribution is substantially affected, shifting toward lower masses, and with an increase in oligomer compound content. These oligomers may act as plasticizers of the bioplastic. The results also suggest that important thermomechanical degradation takes place during the plasticization/feeding step of injection molding.

Published
2012
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14. Barrier properties of poly(lactic acid) and its morphological changes induced by aroma compound sorption

Author

Sandra Domenek, Cecile Courgneau, Gaël Colomines, Violette Ducruet, and Alain Guinault

Subjects
Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Organic Chemistry, technology, industry, and agriculture, Ethyl acetate, Sorption, 02 engineering and technology, Dynamic mechanical analysis, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, law.invention, Crystallinity, chemistry.chemical_compound, Oxygen permeability, Differential scanning calorimetry, Chemical engineering, chemistry, law, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Aroma compound, Crystallization, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

The barrier properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) play a key role in food packaging applications. For their optimization, the influence of crystallinity on the barrier properties of PLA and the interaction of PLA with the aroma compound ethyl acetate were investigated. PLA film samples with various crystallinities were fabricated by flat die extrusion and thermocompression and compared to PLA Biophan (TM). The degree of crystallinity had no effect on the oxygen permeability. However, an increase of crystallinity caused a decrease in ethyl acetate sorption. The sorption isotherm of ethyl acetate obtained using microgravimetry showed a steep increase with increasing aroma activity, a form which is consistent with a plasticization effect. This behaviour was verified using differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis. Sorption caused a marked decrease in the glass transition temperature well below room temperature to approximately 0 degrees C. Furthermore, PLA underwent a solvent-induced crystallization when equilibrated in ethyl acetate atmosphere at an activity of 0.5. The results obtained show the importance of considering possible interactions between polymer and foodstuff during the optimization step of polymeric materials for food packaging applications.

Published
2010
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15. Synthesis and characterization of ionomers based on telechelic phosphonic polyether or aromatic polyesters

Author

Gaël Colomines, André Collet, Jean-Jacques Robin, Mohamed Essahli, Bernard Boutevin, Sophie Monge, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Faculté des sciences (Fès), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
Polymers and Plastics, Ionic bonding, macromolecular substances, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Oligomer, chemistry.chemical_compound, Polymer chemistry, Ionomers, Materials Chemistry, Organic chemistry, Ionomer, Telechelic polymer, Organic Chemistry, technology, industry, and agriculture, Telechelics, Chemical modification, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Polyester, End-group, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, Reagent, Phosphonates, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; A new method to prepare ionomers bearing terminal ionic groups has been developed by modification of different hydroxyl terminated oligomers and using vinyl phosphonic acid as reagent. The different oligomers have been characterized by NMR, MALDI-TOF, SAXS, SEM-EDX, thermal analysis and their ionic crosslinking was achieved using different cations. Characterization of the network was performed and proved that an efficacious crosslinking was reached depending on the nature of the cations.

Published
2008
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16. X-ray diffraction of the crystallinity of glycolysates derived from PET

Author

Arie van der Lee, Jean Jacques Robin, Bernard Boutevin, Gaël Colomines, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut Européen des membranes (IEM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)

Subjects
Glycolysis PET Recycling Crystallinity X-ray diffraction, Bisphenol A, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Diol, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Crystallinity, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Depolymerization, Organic Chemistry, Transesterification, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, eye diseases, 0104 chemical sciences, Polyester, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Reagent, X-ray crystallography, sense organs, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Glycolysates coming from the chemical recycling of PET scraps are most often very crystalline compounds making them difficult to perform in further reactions like step growth polyaddition with diisocyanates to obtain polyurethanes. The glycolysis of PET was investigated using unusual reagents: polyesters based oligomers, bisphenol A, cycloaliphatic alcohol and aliphatic diols. The thermal properties of the glycolysates obtained were compared in terms of crystallinity with that of coming from the glycolysis with DEG. The crystallinity extents were calculated using X-ray diffraction. Surprisingly, the crystalline or non-crystalline nature of the reactants do not predict the morphology of the final glycolysates.

Published
2008
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17. Synthesis of triblock copolymers from glycolysed poly(ethylene terephthalate) by living radical polymerization

Author

Sophie Monge, Belkacem Otazaghine, Jean-Jacques Robin, Gaël Colomines, and Cyrille Boyer

Subjects
Glycidyl methacrylate, Telechelic polymer, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Atom-transfer radical-polymerization, Organic Chemistry, Radical polymerization, Solution polymerization, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, End-group, Polymerization, chemistry, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Copolymer, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Valorization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste has been achieved using glycolysis. The resulting diols were employed for the synthesis of triblock copolymers by atom transfer radical polymerization using copper (I) bromide and (1,1,4,7,10,10)-hexamethyltriethylenetetramine as catalyst system. Macroinitiator was obtained after depolymerization of PET waste followed by functionalization of the obtained glycolysate with 2-bromoisobutyrate bromide. Polymerization of styrene (S) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) has been achieved leading to PS-b-PETG-b-PS and (PS-stat-PGMA)-b-PETG-b-(PS-stat-PGMA) triblock copolymers. Best results were obtained at 100 °C. At this temperature, termination reaction were negligible and the measured number-average molar mass of the product increased linearly with monomer conversion in agreement with the theoretical Mn with low polydispersity products achieved. Polymers were also characterized by 1H NMR. This work presents a original valorization of PET waste as (PS-stat-PGMA)-b-PETG-b-(PS-stat-PGMA) copolymer could be used as heat curable coatings. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 433–443, 2008

Published
2007
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18. Study of Polyurethane Formulations Containing Diols Obtained via Glycolysis of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) by Oligoesters Diols through a Reactive Extrusion Process

Author

Marie-Laure Lacoste, Gaël Colomines, Jean-Jacques Robin, Florian Rivas, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire de chimie Macromoléculaire (CNRS UMR 5076), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Organisation moléculaire (évolution et matériaux fluores) (OMEMF), and Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, General Chemical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Reactive extrusion, crosslinking • curing of polymers • degradation • networks • poly(ethylene terephthalate) • polyurethanes • reactive extrusion • recycling • swelling • thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) • waste, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Polyol, Oligoester, Materials Chemistry, Acetone, medicine, Organic chemistry, Polyurethane, chemistry.chemical_classification, Chloroform, Organic Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Solvent, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, Swelling, medicine.symptom, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; The glycolysis of PET by oligoester diols in the presence of zinc acetate was carried out in two successive twin-screw extruders with total residence times of 4 min and without solvent. These new glycolysates were analyzed and used in polyurethane formulation with a commercial polyol. The reactivity of these formulations was studied. The mechanical properties, thermal and swelling behavior of these polyurethanes were investigated. Mechanical properties are improved with the addition of glycolysate. The thermal e behavior is not modified with the addition of glycolysate. The swelling behavior of the material depends on the solvent nature. The addition of glycolysate allows a decrease in material swelling in chloroform but increases this swelling in acetone.

Published
2005
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19. Polymers from renewable 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols (isosorbide, isomannide and isoidide): A review

Author

René Saint-Loup, Françoise Fenouillot, Gaël Colomines, Alain Rousseau, Jean Pierre Pascault, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères - Laboratoire des Matériaux Macromoléculaires (IMP-LMM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'enseignement Cnam Paris (CNAM Paris), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Laboratoire de chimie Macromoléculaire (CNRS UMR 5076), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)

Subjects
Materials science, Isosorbide, Polymers and Plastics, PHASE-TRANSFER CATALYSIS, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, chemistry.chemical_compound, SILYLATED ALIPHATIC DIOLS, Materials Chemistry, medicine, Organic chemistry, LC-POLYIMIDES, Polyurethane, chemistry.chemical_classification, Polymer science, Organic Chemistry, MICROWAVE-ASSISTED POLYCONDENSATION, Surfaces and Interfaces, Polymer, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Biodegradable polymer, 0104 chemical sciences, AMINO-ACID, LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE POLYIMIDES, Monomer, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, Polymerization, BIOANALOGOUS POLYMERS, Ceramics and Composites, CARBONIC-ACID, 0210 nano-technology, Chirality (chemistry), Glass transition, DICARBOXYLIC-ACID UNITS, MAIN-CHAIN, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; The use of 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols, isosorbide, isomannide and isoidide in polymers is reviewed. 1,4:3,6-Dianhydrohexitols are derived from renewable resources from cereal-based polysaccharides. In the field of polymeric materials, these diols are essentially employed to synthesize or modify polycondensates. Their attractive features as monomers are linked to their rigidity, chirality, non-toxicity, and the fact that they are not derived from petroleum. First, the synthesis of high glass transition temperature polymers with good thermomechanical resistance is possible. Second, the chiral nature of 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols may lead to specific optical properties. Finally, biodegradable polymers can be obtained. The production of isosorbide at the industrial scale with a purity satisfying the requirements for polymer synthesis suggests that isosorbide will soon emerge in industrial polymer applications. However, a deciding factor will be the reduction of polymerization time of these low-reactivity monomers to values compatible with economically viable production processes. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2010
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20. Synthesis of thermoplastic elastomers based on PET glycolysates: Study of their dielectric properties

Author

Petru Notingher, Bernard Boutevin, Jean-Jacques Robin, Gaël Colomines, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes (IES), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe énergie et matériaux (GEM), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Permittivity, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Glycolysis of PET, Polyesters, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Copolymer, Thermal stability, Thermoplastic elastomer, Crystallization, Composite material, Organic Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Polyester, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Dielectric properties, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Thermoplastic elastomers based on PET glycolysates were synthesized in the molten state according to a multistep process. Their chemical structures were studied (1H NMR, triple detection, steric exclusion chromatography) as well as their thermal properties (ATG, DSC) and their morphology (AFM). Influence of hard segments composition on the different properties was investigated with the same ratio soft/hard segment. DSC study showed that these compounds had thermal properties similar to those of conventional thermoplastic elastomers (low Tg and high Tm). The association of PET with PBT segments seemed to harm the hard segments crystallization. SEC analyses showed that the compounds obtained had low molecular weights. Two factors seemed to explain the difference in properties between the compounds with and without glycolysate: a lower molecular weight of the TPE containing glycolysate, and a lower organization for materials containing both PET and PBT segments in respect to copolymer without glycolysate and containing solely PBT segments.Dielectric measurements showed properties close to those usually encountered for insulators used in electrical engineering. Glycolysate-free materials exhibited the best properties (high resistivity, low loss factor, slight variation of permittivity) and the materials exhibited interesting insulating properties (breakdown voltage up than 35 kV/mmRMS, resistivity around 109 Xm). An improvement of the synthesis methodology with the use of catalyst might result in a significant enhancement of the dielectric properties, already promising for this type of materials.

Published
2009
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21. Influences of the crystallisation rate on thermal and barrier properties of polylactide acid (PLA) food packaging films

Author

Alain Guinault, Violette Ducruet, Sandra Domenek, Gaël Colomines, Propriétés et architectures des alliages et mélanges (P2AM), Laboratoire Procédés et Ingénierie en Mécanique et Matériaux (PIMM), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Science de l'Aliment et de l'Emballage (SCALE), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Industries Agricoles et alimentaires

Subjects
Materials science, film extrusion processing, aroma sorption, Ethyl acetate, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, gas barrier properties, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Crystallinity, stomatognathic system, law, Thermal, Aroma compound, Organic chemistry, General Materials Science, Crystallization, crystallinity, Aroma, biology, food and beverages, respiratory system, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, biology.organism_classification, equipment and supplies, 0104 chemical sciences, Lactic acid, Food packaging, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, polylactide, PLA, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), 0210 nano-technology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

International audience; Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films have a great interest for the food packaging. But the interaction between the food and the packaging must be investigated. The gas and aroma barrier properties of PLA were analysed and the influence of PLA crystallinity on these properties was studied because of processing conditions. The crystallinity seems to have no effect on helium and oxygen barrier properties but ethyl acetate as aroma compound has a plasticizing effect on the PLA film.

Published
2008
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22. Synthesis and Characterization of UV-Curable Resins from the Glycolysis of PET: Vinyl Ether/Maleate UV-Curing System

Author

Bernard Boutevin, Rémi Auvergne, Jean Jacques Robin, Gaël Colomines, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
Polymers and Plastics, Maleic acid, Ether, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Oligoester, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, medicine, Organic chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Diethylene glycol, Vinyl ether, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Polyester, Photopolymer, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, UV curing, modification • photopolymerization • polyesters • telechelics, 0210 nano-technology, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; The synthesis and characterization of photopolymerizable unsaturated alpha,omega-bismaleate poly(ethylene terephthalate) oligomer resins based on glycolysis of PET waste using diethylene glycol and the study of their photopolymerization with divinyl ethers have been described in a previous article. The use of PET glycolysis by DEG can be problematic because this oligoester is partially crystalline. The objective of this paper is to develop the UV-curing technology for a new kind of glycolysate that are completely amorphous. Glycolysates with different molecular weights have been synthesized and functionalized by a methyl hemiester of maleic acid. The photopolymerization of these new functionalized oligoesters with divinyl ether is studied and the materials obtained are characterized. The influence of the glycolysate structures on the properties of the crosslinked materials is highlighted.

Published
2007
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23. Study of the Crystallinity of Polyesters Derived from the Glycolysis of PET

Author

Gaël Colomines, Bernard Boutevin, Jean Jacques Robin, Arie van der Lee, Laboratoire de chimie Macromoléculaire (CNRS UMR 5076), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Institut Européen des membranes (IEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Organisation moléculaire (évolution et matériaux fluores) (OMEMF), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Diol, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Crystallinity, glycolysis of PET • recycling • rheology • X-ray diffraction, Optical microscope, law, Oligoester, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Chemical decomposition, Organic Chemistry, Diethylene glycol, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, eye diseases, 0104 chemical sciences, Polyester, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, X-ray crystallography, sense organs, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; The crystallinity of a glycolysate obtained by glycolysis of PET with diethylene glycol (DEG) was qualitatively studied by optical microscopy using a polarizer and quantitatively by X-ray diffraction. Moreover, the rheological behavior of this glycolysate was also studied in relation with its crystallinity. New glycolysates obtained using oligoesters of different chemical structures as reagents were studied under the same conditions and they show the total absence of crystallinity. According to the structure of the diol or of the oligoester used, the glycolysate crystallinity can be induced or not.

Published
2006
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24. Study of the glycolysis of PET by oligoesters

Author

Gaël Colomines, Jean Jacques Robin, Gilles Tersac, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire de chimie Macromoléculaire (CNRS UMR 5076), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Organisation moléculaire (évolution et matériaux fluores) (OMEMF), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux - EA 4038 (LGPM), and CentraleSupélec

Subjects
Adipic acid, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Depolymerization, Organic Chemistry, Size-exclusion chromatography, Diol, 02 engineering and technology, Transesterification, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Neopentyl glycol, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Differential scanning calorimetry, PET, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, Oligoester, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, Glycolysis
Abstract

International audience; A series of oligoesters was synthesized via the transesterification of dimethyl isophthalate with neopentyl glycol or tetraethylene glycol and the esterification of adipic acid with neopentyl glycol or tetraethylene glycol under diol/diester or diol/diacid molar ratios sufficient to limit molecular weight increasing. These oligoesters were used to depolymerize poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) in the presence of zinc acetate to yield new types of glycolysates. The oligoesters and the glycolysates are characterized by H-1 NMR, size exclusion chromatography (SEC). differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analyses and matrix assisted laser desorptionlionisation time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). These analyses revealed the structure of the different glycolysates.

Published
2005
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25. Synthesis and characterization of ultraviolet-curable fluorinated polydimethylsiloxanes as ultraviolet-transparent coatings for optical fiber gratings

Author

Gaël Colomines, Alain Rousseau, Bernard Boutevin, Xavier Andrieu, Sebastien Andre, Laboratoire de chimie Macromoléculaire (CNRS UMR 5076), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Société d'Etudes et de Fabrication des Techniques Industrielles modernes, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), and Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Hydrosilylation, Ether, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, polysiloxanes, Yttrium aluminium garnet, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, medicine, Polydimethylsiloxane, General Chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Photopolymer, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, Siloxane, photopolymerization, fluoropolymers, 0210 nano-technology, Refractive index, Ultraviolet
Abstract

International audience; Synthesis of photocrosslinkable fluorinated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was carried out through the direct hydrosilylation of allyl 2-(perfluorohexyl)ethyl ether with copoly(dimethyl methyl hydro siloxane). The hydrosilylation of the fluorinated allyl ether allowed the introduction of fluorinated groups onto the polysiloxane backbone. Then, a second hydrosilylation of allyl methacrylate led to PDMS bearing both fluorinated and photocrosslinkable groups. The ratio between fluorinated groups and allyl methacrylate groups allowed us to tune the refractive index of the resin without changing thermal properties. Formulations containing fluorinated PDMS were ultraviolet-cured, and their ultraviolet transparency and Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (YAG) laser resistance were investigated.

Published
2003
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