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The article provides a description of the best-zoned varieties of desert forage plants intended for the intensification of fodder production in the semi-desert and desert zones of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The features of agricultural technology for creating highly productive pasture agrophytocenoses in desert and semi-desert zones are given. In the breeding of desert fodder plants, traditional methods were widely used, which consider the biological characteristics of the reproduction of each particular species. The created local varieties of desert fodder plants contributed to the creation of highly productive pasture agrophytocenoses in the conditions of deserts and semi-deserts of Uzbekistan with fodder productivity of 19-27.0 q/ha of dry weight.

Studies have found that the increase in differences between the amount of energy subsidies invested in agrobiocenoses and alienated from them over a 105-year period changes the direction of biochemical processes of organic matter transformation, which leads to significant losses of organic carbon reserves, which amount to 17.5 t/ha in highly degraded soils, 7.3 t/ha in poorly cultivated soils, and in highly cultivated increases them by 2.8 t /ha, respectively, compared with the initial content. Long-term use of arable land affects the qualitative characteristics of the state of organic matter of sod-podzolic soil, which are expressed in a change in the ratio of the peripheral and central parts, the enrichment of humus with nitrogen. The humus substances of medium (57%) and highly cultivated soils (54%) are characterized by the highest degree of participation of peripheral groupings in the construction, and the least highly degraded (29%).

The results of studies on the study of the effectiveness of organic and mineral fertilizers, absorbents and biologically active substances, while preserving the fertility of the soil of the country's dry fields with partial provision of moisture, feeding of grain crops after new arable land, economical use of soil moisture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]