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Purpose: A number of disinfectants and sanitisers are used in dentistry, and there are numerous commercial solutions available. Nonetheless, because each cleaning solution has its own set of indications and limits, there is no one-size-fits-all approach for processing all types of dental equipment. Functional water, such as electrolysed hypochlorite microbubbled water, efficiently eliminates and sterilises biofilms. The objective of the study was to evaluate whether ozonated water could be used to sterilise and disinfect dental-unit water pipelines (DUWP) that had been contaminated with micro-organisms, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacilli and cocci. Materials and Methods: Three different groups were formed: group A - ozonated water (Cantoosh); group B - 1% povidine iodine; and group C: conventional distilled water. Group A was the test group, group B the control group, and group C was the positive control group. The water sterilising system was replaced with the appropriate sterilising agent as per the allocated group classification, with 2 min of purging, so that the complete DUWP was filled with the water sterilising system. Samples were collected and analysed, along with a 2-min purge after 24 h, 7 days and 21 days, at the 3 outlet (OL) points: the 3-way syringe at the dental tray(OL1), the cup filler (OL2), and the 3-way syringe of the assistant zone (OL3). Repeated measures ANOVA was used to test for statistical significance between colony-forming units of control and experimental groups (p < 0.05). Results: The cup filler yielded higher counts than did the 3-way syringe at the dental tray (OL1) (6.40 and 8.05 on the log scale, respectively). A statistically significant difference in the CFUs was also observed between samples taken after 24 h vs 21 days between groups A, B and C. Conclusion: The findings showed that exposing DUWP tube systems to ozonated water for an extended length of time drastically lowered the number of microorganisms adhering to their surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clinical evidence suggests using lateral and vertical ridge preservation procedures to make dental implant placement possible. This study evaluates and compares the radiographic and volumetric changes following ridge preservation procedures using either mineralized plasmatic matrix grafts (MPM) or bone grafts alone (non-MPM) in the existing crestal ridges of sockets in maxillary and mandibular regions using CBCT scans. Healthy volunteers (n = 26) were recruited and randomized into MPM and non- MPM groups (n = 13 patients per group). Ridge preservation (RP) was performed in sockets after extraction. Preoperative baseline vertical measurements (V1) were made from the existing highest level of the socket crestal ridges to a reference point in an apicocoronal direction. Similarly, baseline horizontal measurements (H1) were made in a buccolingual direction on CBCT scans. The measurements were repeated after 3 months (V2 and H2) and 6 months (V3 and H3) using the same reference points. Difference between V3 and V1 as well as H3 and H1 was used to assess the gains in height and width of the sockets after RP. No significant difference was found in the initial baseline V1 and H1 values in MPM and non-MPM groups. Median (Mdn) V2 and H2 scores were significantly different between MPM (Mdn = 18.91) and non-MPM groups (Mdn = 27.81) after 3 months of RP (U = 37, z = -6.302, P < .001). However, after 6 months of treatment, V3 and H3 scores were significantly different between the MPM (Mdn = 27.19) and the non-MPM group (Mdn = 37.81). MPM can be used as a valuable and predictable technique in obtaining bone fill in the maxillary and mandibular sockets with residual crestal ridges deemed necessary for RP in implant therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facial prostheses are created from special elastomers modified for their specific physical and mechanical properties; however, they also show two common major clinical problems: gradual discolouration of the prosthesis over time in service environment and deterioration of static, dynamic, and physical properties. As a result of external environmental factors, facial prostheses may become discoloured and discolour by changing colour from intrinsic and extrinsic colouring, and this is associated with the intrinsic colour stability of elastomers and colourants. Thus, in this in vitro study, a comparative evaluation of the effect of outdoor weathering on the colour stability of A-103 and A-2000 room-temperature vulcanised silicones used for maxillofacial prosthesis was conducted. To accomplish this study, a total of 80 samples were fabricated, 40 samples of each material were grouped as clear (20) and pigmented (20). These samples were mounted on wooden board and the assembly was placed on the roof of the dental school from October 2021 to March 2022. To maximise the amount of sunlight on the specimens, the exposure rack was set on five 68° angles from horizontal and also to prevent standing water. The specimens were left uncovered during exposure. The testing of samples was conducted with the help of a spectrophotometer. The colour values were recorded in the CIELAB colour system. It describes the three colour coordinates (colour values) x, y, and z in three new reference values of L, a, and b, aiding in numerically classifying colour differences. After 2, 4, and 6 months of weathering, testing was conducted using a spectrophotometer and the colour change (ΔE) was calculated. The A-103 RTV silicone group with pigmentation showed the maximum change in colour after six months of environmental conditioning. The data for colour difference within groups were analysed using a one-way ANOVA test. Tukey's post hoc test assessed the pairwise mean comparison's contribution to the overall significant difference. The nonpigmented A-2000 RTV silicone group showed the maximum change in colour after six months of environmental conditioning. After 2, 4, and 6 months of environmental conditioning, pigmented A-2000 RTV silicone showed better colour stability than A-103 RTV silicone. The patients requiring facial prosthesis do need to work on outdoor fields, and thus weathering will have deleterious effects on such prosthesis. Hence, the selection of appropriate silicone material with respect to the Al Jouf province region is crucial, which includes economic, durable, and colour stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate and compare bite force (BF) in permanent first molars restored with glass ionomer cement (GIC), composite and amalgam, and normal contralateral permanent first molars. Material and Methods: BF was recorded in decayed permanent first molars, which were filled with GIC (n=30), composite (n=30), and amalgam (n=30), and in healthy contralateral first molars (n=90) with Force Transducer Occlusal Force Meter and compared. Results: BF was significantly higher in normal teeth on the contralateral side compared to teeth restored with GIC and composite. However, in patients with amalgam restoration, though it was less compared to that on the contralateral side, it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Restoring teeth with various filling materials may improve bite force. In the present study, it was found that the teeth restored with amalgam had higher bite forces in comparison to the other restorative materials used. However, it was not comparable to that observed in the normal tooth (control) on the contralateral side. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on Neuralgia being referred as relentless pain along the course of a nerve due to injury or irritation of the nerve. Topics include vascular compression of the sensory root of the trigeminal nerve near the brainstem leading to the episodes of pain; and leading to focal demyelination and remyelination process enabled by microvascular ischaemic changes.

Aim: To digitally evaluate the marginal adaptation of different types of all‐ceramic crowns on two different marginal configurations such as Shoulder and Chamfer of the prepared teeth. Methods: The marginal fit of the crown specimens on the model of the prepared teeth were assessed using the dual scan replica technique. Two plastic teeth were prepared; one having a Shoulder finishing line (A), while the other with a Chamfer finish line (B). Three types of different all‐ceramic crowns, layered zirconia, monolithic zirconia, and pressed lithium disilicate, were fabricated for each prepared tooth (A) and (B). Measurements for assessing the marginal discrepancy were done on four designated points on the mesial, distal, buccal, and palatal surface of the superimposed image. Results: The average marginal gap was the largest in the layered zirconia group, followed by monolithic zirconia, while pressed lithium disilicate crowns showed the least marginal gaps. Crowns with Chamfer finish lines were better fitting (less marginal gap) than the shoulder finish lines across all the groups. Conclusions: Chamfer finish lines produced better fitting restorations, and heat‐pressed lithium disilicate crowns showed better adaptation at the margins than both layered zirconia and monolithic zirconia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]