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Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: UC patients suffer more from colorectal cancer (CRC) than the general population, which increases with disease duration. Early colonoscopy is difficult because ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer (UCAC) lesions are flat and multifocal. Our study aimed to identify promising UCAC biomarkers that are complementary endoscopy strategies in the early stages. Methods: The datasets may be accessed from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. The co-expressed modules of UC and CRC were determined via weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The biological mechanisms of the shared genes were exported for analysis using the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. To identify protein interactions and hub genes, a protein-protein interaction network and CytoHubba analysis were conducted. To evaluate gene expression, external datasets and experimental validation of human colon tissues were utilized. The diagnostic value of core genes was examined through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Immune infiltration analysis was employed to investigate the associations between immune cell populations and hub genes. Results: Three crucial modules were identified from the WGCNA of UC and CRC tissues, and 33 coexpressed genes that were predominantly enriched in the NF-κB pathway were identified. Two biomarkers (CXCL1 and BCL6) were identified via Cytoscape and validated in external datasets and human colon tissues. CRC patients expressed CXCL1 at the highest level, whereas UC and CRC patients showed higher levels than the controls. The UC cohort expressed BCL6 at the highest level, whereas the UC and CRC cohorts expressed it more highly than the controls. The hub genes exhibited significant diagnostic potential (ROC curve > 0.7). The immune infiltration results revealed a correlation among the hub genes and macrophages, neutrophils and B cells. Conclusions: The findings of our research suggest that BCL6 and CXCL1 could serve as effective biomarkers for UCAC surveillance. Additionally, they demonstrated a robust correlation with immune cell populations within the CRC tumour microenvironment (TME). Our findings provide a valuable insight about diagnosis and therapy of UCAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Piezoelectric inkjet printing technology, known for its high precision and cost-effectiveness, has found extensive applications in various fields. However, the issue of residual vibration significantly limits its printing quality and efficiency. This paper presents a method for suppressing residual vibration based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Initially, an improved PI model considering the nonlinear hysteresis characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics is established, and the model is identified through a strain gauge circuit to ensure its accuracy in describing the nonlinear hysteresis characteristics. Subsequently, a dynamic model of the piezoelectric inkjet printing system is constructed, with precise parameter identification achieved using the self-induction principle. This enables precise simulation of residual vibration. Finally, the driving waveform is optimized based on the PSO algorithm, with iterative calculations employed to find the optimal combination of driving waveform parameters, effectively suppressing residual vibration while ensuring sufficient injection energy. The results indicate that this method significantly reduces the amplitude of residual vibration, thereby effectively enhancing printing quality and stability. This research offers a novel solution for residual vibration suppression in piezoelectric inkjet printing technology, potentially advancing its applications in printing and biofabrication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of collateral circulation on the outcomes of thrombectomy versus medical management alone in basilar artery occlusion (BAO) patients with varying stroke severities. Methods: Data from the ATTENTION cohort were used to perform a post‐hoc analysis comparing the outcomes of thrombectomy with medical management in BAO patients with varying degrees of collateral circulation and stroke severity. Basilar Artery on Computed Tomography Angiography (BATMAN) scores were used to quantify the collateral circulation, and the effect was estimated through a primary outcome of 90‐day functional independence (modified Rankin Scale score, mRS ≤2). Favorable versus unfavorable BATMAN scores were analyzed as both continuous and categorical variables, and an adjusted multivariate regression model was applied. Results: Among 221 BAO patients, thrombectomy significantly improved functional independence compared to medical management in patients with favorable BATMAN scores (aOR 7.75, 95% CI 2.78–26.1), but not in those with unfavorable BATMAN scores (aOR 1.33, 95% CI 0.28–6.92; pinteraction = 0.028). When treated as a continuous variable, increased BATMAN score was found to be associated with a higher likelihood of functional independence in the thrombectomy group (aOR 1.97, 95% CI 1.44–2.81; pinteraction = 0.053). In severe stroke patients with higher BATMAN scores (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) ≥21), we identified a significant interaction for treatment effect with thrombectomy compared to medical management (pinteraction = 0.042). Conclusion: An increased BATMAN score was significantly associated with a higher probability of functional independence after thrombectomy than after medical management, particularly in patients with severe BAO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, is a layer-by-layer fabrication method that offers advantages such as enhanced geometric versatility and reduced material wastage. It has gained significant attention in various industries, including aerospace, automotive, and medical. However, challenges remain in understanding the complex interactions between processing parameters, microstructures, and material properties. A recent Special Issue titled "Additive Manufacturing of Alloys and Composites" explores advancements in this field, featuring articles on stainless steels, superalloys, CoCrMo alloys, and metal matrix composites. The issue aims to pave the way for future advancements in additive manufacturing technology and the development of advanced materials. [Extracted from the article]

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in electrochemical water electrolysis typically undergo high overpotentials and slow kinetics, greatly hindering the progress of the electrolytic water industry. Motivated by this, we successfully synthesized two types of NiCoFe/Fe 1.63 Ni 1.82 Co 5.6 S 8 as OER catalysts (O-Cat-1 and O-Cat-2). As anticipated, the Ni/O-Cat-1/Ni electrode exhibits a lower overpotential (310 mV at 100 mA cm−2) and a smaller Tafel slope compared to Ni/O-Cat-2/Ni, along with a 10-day electrocatalytic lifespan. Specifically, during the stability test, the maximum driving current reaches 4.29 times the initial current. This increase can be attributed to the presence of self-generated oxygen radicals within the electrocatalytic system, as evidenced by the durability test conducted with the introduction of H 2 O 2 into the electrolyte. These radicals may be induced by thermal effects, humid summer environments, or elevated O 3 concentrations in the solution. Additionally, the formation of the metal oxides, hydroxides, and oxyhydroxides species on the electrode surface also enhances the OER efficiency. Substantially, the unveiling of the self-generated oxygen radical mechanism offers a novel pathway for developing a highly efficient electrocatalytic system for OER. [Display omitted] • The Ni/O-Cat-1/Ni electrode holds a high OER activity and durability over 10 days. • This electrode exhibits industrial-level currents during a 10-day stability test. • The self-produced oxygen radicals play a vital role in boosting the OER activity. • The formation of metal oxides and (oxy) hydroxides benefits the OER activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) are an essential solution for peripheral nerve repair and regeneration in tissue engineering and medicine. However, the ability of current NGCs is limited to repairing longer nerve gap (i.e., >20 mm) because it cannot meet the following two conditions simultaneously: (1) directional guidance of the axial high-density channels and (2) regenerative stimulation of the extracellular matrix secreted by Schwann cells (SCs). Therefore, we propose a multi-material 3D bioprinting process to fabricate multi-channel nerve guide conduits (MNGCs) containing SCs. In the article, cell-laden methacrylate gelatin (GelMA) was used as the bulk material of MNGCs. To improve the printing accuracy of the axial channels and the survival rate of SCs, we systematically optimized the printing temperature parameter based on hydrogel printability analysis. The multi-material bioprinting technology was used to realize the alternate printing of supporting gelatin and cell-laden GelMA. Then, the high-accuracy channels were fabricated through the UV cross-linking of GelMA and the dissolving technique of gelatin. The SCs distributed around the channels with a high survival rate, and the cell survival rate maintained above 90%. In general, the study on multi-material 3D printing was carried out from the fabricating technology and material analysis, which will provide a potential solution for the fabrication of MNGCs containing SCs., Competing Interests: No competing financial interests exist., (Copyright 2023, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers.)