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The synergistic effects between Co NPs and pyridinic nitrogen of Co/CN-x catalysts was the key to realize the base-free oxidation of mercaptans to their corresponding disulfides by decreasing the energy barrier for the deprotonation of mercaptans. [Display omitted] The oxidation of mercaptans under mild and base-free conditions is of vital importance in terms of economy and environment for petroleum processing industry. Here, we developed a series of MOF-derived cobalt-based nitrogen-doped (N -doped) carbon (Co/CN-x) catalysts for the base-free catalytic oxidation of mercaptans. The optimal Co/CN-900 showed excellent catalytic activity for the oxidation of mercaptans under base-free conditions, yielding complete conversion of various mercaptans and > 99.0% selectivity of disulfides. The high performance can be contributed to the advantages of hierarchical pore structure for the diffusion and migration of substrates, self-carrying alkalinity for the formation of mercaptide anion, abundant active Co sites for catalytic oxidation of mercaptans as well as the synergistic effects between the Co nanoparticles (NPs) and N -doped carbon supports. Furthermore, a possible mechanism for base-free catalytic oxidation of mercaptans over Co/CN-x catalysts is proposed based on a set of control experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to applicable organic products using solar energy has attracted increasing attention for solving the universal problems of both global warming and energy shortage. In this paper, tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) was anchored onto the surface of titanium dioxide P25 by a simple solution impregnation method. The ingenious hybrid possesses the advantages of good visible light absorption ability and excellent photocatalytic performance for CO2 reduction. The introduction of TPP not only expands the spectral response range and promotes the generation of light-induced electron–hole pairs, but also facilitates the interfacial charge migration and separation and inhibits the recombination of photoinduced carriers, which favors the conversion of CO2 molecules under visible-light. The optimized TPP/P25 heterogeneous catalysts show excellent activity for CO2 reduction, with a CO yield of 171.9 μmol g−1 h−1 and a CH4 yield of 6.3 μmol g−1 h−1. A rational mechanism responsible for its enhanced CO2 photoreduction was also proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photocatalytic CO2 reduction can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and convert CO2 into value‐added chemical feedstocks and fuels. P25 is one of the most popular photocatalyst, but its high photoinduced charge recombination rate and low CO2 adsorption ability hinder its application in photocatalytic CO2 reduction due to the limited anatase/rutile interface and small specific surface area. Herein, a paragenetic anatase/rutile interface is in‐situ formed in one crystal grain via calcination of NH2‐MIL‐125 in argon atmosphere and the obtained N doped porous carbon layer endows its high specific surface area. The in situ XRD and HRTEM characterization proved the anatase/rutile interface is in situ formed by the phase transformation from anatase (211) plane to rutile (211) plane. The charge separation efficiency of the photocatalyst with N‐doped carbon coating paragenetic heterostructure is proved to be enhanced compared with N‐doped carbon coating anatase or rutile single phase catalyst. The optimized catalyst S750Ar with paragenetic anatase/rutile structure shows a 7.6 folds enhanced CO conversion rate than that of P25. These findings provide an in‐situ self‐transition strategy to regulate charge transfer between phases at the interface and promote the application of heterogeneous catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A highly efficient TiO 2 NSs/TCPP hybrid for photoreduction of CO 2 was developed. • The hybrids possessed much enhanced photocatalytic activity compared with TiO 2 NSs. • The TCPP loading has important influence on the efficiency of CO 2 photoreduction. • The efficient interfacial charge migration and separation account for the enhanced activity. The design and construction of photocatalysts in converting CO 2 into value-added chemicals is of significant importance for addressing energy shortages and environmental pollution problems. In this work, a TiO 2 nanosheets/tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TiO 2 NSs/TCPP) hybrid for photoreduction of CO 2 was developed using a simple self-assemble approach. The TCPP works as the light-harvesting unit to generate light-induced electron-hole pairs, with the connection between the TCPP and TiO 2 facilitating the electron injection to the CB of TiO 2 as well as inhibiting the recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs, then the highly active (0 0 1) facets of TiO 2 NSs serve as the reaction sites and efficiently convert the CO 2 molecules adsorbed on the surface of the catalysts into CO and CH 4 products. The influence of TCPP content on the photocatalytic activity was investigated. Compared to the pristine TiO 2 NSs material, the TiO 2 NSs/11.5% TCPP composite displayed a much-enhanced photocatalytic CO 2 reduction activity, which is equal to 37-fold enhancements in the CO evolution rate. Furthermore, a possible mechanism for CO 2 photoreduction over TiO 2 NSs/TCPP hybrids is proposed on the basis of the photocatalytic and photo(electro)chemical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The naive Bayes classifier is a widely used text classification method that applies statistical theory to text classification. Due to the particularity of the text, related feature items may generate new semantic information, which may be lost when the traditional vector space model represents text. This paper mainly studies the construction and improvement of distributed naive Bayes automatic classification system. The application of Hadoop cloud computing in web page classification is one of the focuses of this article. Firstly, the text classification system and Bayesian classification model are analyzed and discussed, including the representation and extraction of text information, text classification methods and Bayesian text classification methods. Then, in view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned naive Bayesian text classification method, when training text, we use the mutual information method to check the correlation between the feature sets generated after feature selection, and then combine the features with higher correlation degree appropriately. Through a series of tests, the experimental data show that the improved text classification system can achieve better classification results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs)-induced synthetic strategy has been proven a convenient and efficient way for preparing anatase-free hierarchical TS-1 zeolite in our previous study. Here, to further enhance the catalytic performance on 1-hexene, the MOFs-induced hydrothermal synthesis route is optimized by adjusting the amount of tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) and performing different degrees of silanization treatment. A low TPAOH dosage can ensure the synthesized samples have abundant and dense active framework Ti at the expense of partial hierarchical structure. Further deep silanization treatment created mesoporous structure ranging between 20 and 30 nm without affecting the content or distribution of active titanium. The obtained anatase-free hierarchical TS-1 sample Sil-0.150 possesses excellent 1-hexene conversion of >38%. Based on detailed NH 3 -TPD and Py-IR tests, the presence of high-density Lewis acid sites (LAS) leads to a decreased epoxy product selectivity of 91.5%, and the optimized MOFs-induced synthesis strategy may open up new perspectives for the design and application of high-performance TS-1 catalysts in selective epoxidation reactions of various alkenes. [Display omitted] • Deeply optimizing the MOFs-induced hydrothermal synthesis strategy. • Regulating TPAOH dosage and performing silanization treatment. • The optimized catalytic system possesses excellent 1-hexene conversion. • The correlation between zeolite acid sites and product selectivity was investigated and confirmed in detail. • Adding NH 4 Cl can realize completely selective conversion without affecting the substrate conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Interface-facilitated synthesis of graphene-like carbon nanosheets. • P123 serves a dual function of structure-directing agent and carbon precursor. • Carbon nanosheets can self-organize into film with high uniformity. Abstract A novel interface-facilitated synthesis of graphene-like carbon nanosheets from P123 is reported. The morphology and structure of the carbon nanosheets were characterized though FESEM, TEM, AFM, XRD, Raman and FTIR. The formation mechanism of the graphene-like carbon nanosheets is proposed. P123 serves a dual function of structure-directing agent and carbon precursor, which first assembles at the toluene-HCl interface and then is in situ carbonized to carbon nanosheets. This process shows several advantages such as mild condition, simple procedure and low cost. In addition, the obtained carbon nanosheets can be effectively confined at the interface and self-organize into film with high uniformity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Tunable hierarchical 3D sisal-like CuO/ZnO nanostructures assembled from nanorods was prepared by a facial one-step solution with a chelating agent 1,2-ethylenediamine (EDA) which was served as catalyst to improve the thermal decomposition temperature of Ammonium perchlorate (AP). The as-synthesized hierarchical CuO/ZnO ensures high catalytic activity for the decomposition temperature of AP. Highlights • A hierarchical 3D sisal-like CuO/ZnO nanostructure was developed by a facial one-step solution with 1,2-ethylenediamine. • The length of the nanorods of the 3D sisal-like structure could be tuned. • The hierarchical CuO/ZnO exhibited high catalytic activity for the thermal decomposition of Ammonium perchlorate. Abstract Hierarchical 3D sisal-like CuO/ZnO nanostructures assembled from nanorods have been successfully synthesized by a facial one-step solution with a chelating agent 1,2-ethylenediamine (EDA). XRD patterns have revealed that the prepared sisal-like nanostructures show single-crystalline behavior. The concentration of NaOH has strong influence on sisal-like nanostructures. Moreover, formation mechanism of CuO/ZnO 3D sisal-like nanostructures was proposed. The hierarchical CuO/ZnO exhibited high catalytic performance on thermal decomposition of Ammonium perchlorate (AP) determined by TG and DSC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Mixed rare earth metal MOFs possess at least one rare earth metal in nodes. • Metal incorporation, valence, content, location and frame defects are analyzed. • Advantages of mixed rare earth metal MOFs over monometallic MOFs are discussed. • The potentials of mixed rare earth metal MOFs in selected applications are presented. • Challenges and new trends of mixed rare earth metal MOFs are prospected. The synergistic effects of mixed-metal MOFs provide a promising platform to overcome the limitations of traditional monometallic MOFs and achieve superior performance, which are still in their infancy. Mixed-rare earth-based metal-organic frameworks (MRE MOFs) have emerged as a new class of mixed-metal MOFs and attracted significant attention due to the high and variable coordination numbers of rare-earth metal clusters, intriguing architectural structure, and distinguishing functional properties. Despite plenty of factors influencing the preparation of MRE MOFs, it is also a challenge to precisely characterize the states of mixed metals. Particularly, the MRE MOFs with multi-valent rare earth metal nodes are more sophisticated than mixed transition metal MOFs. Multi-scale computational calculation serves as a tool for in-depth interpretation and analysis of the MRE MOFs at the electronic level. In almost every case, several experimental techniques need to be wisely chosen to unambiguously characterize mixed-metal MOFs. In this review, we summarize the recent and important progress in the preparation method, characterization techniques of MRE MOFs prepared by mixing transition and rare-earth metals or mixing multi-rare-earth metals, and their applications in catalysis, adsorption decontamination and luminescence. Special emphasis is placed on the effects of different metals on their structure and properties. Finally, we also present a short conclusion and future research directions for MRE MOFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proteomic approaches have been proven to provide an important tool in identifying drug resistance-associated proteins. The aim of this study was to investigate the protein profiling of drug resistance-related proteins in small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC) by proteomic analysis. The proteomic profiling was performed by two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D- DIGE) coupled with MALDI- TOF- TOF of SCLC in the multidrug-resistant cell line H69 AR and its parental cell line H69. A total of 11 proteins were identified to be >2-fold up-or downregulated between the two cell lines. DJ-1, one of the differently expressed proteins identified by proteomics, was further examined by immunohistochemistry staining in 116 cases of SCLC tissues. Immunohistochemical results demonstrated that DJ-1 was expressed in 51.7% (60/116) of SCLC. DJ-1 expression was correlated significantly with survival time of SCLC patients ( P < 0.05), but not with other clinical parameters such as gender, age and clinical stage ( P > 0.05). Downregulation of DJ-1 using DJ-1-si RNA in H69 AR cells sensitized cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs through increasing drug-induced cell apoptosis accompanied with G0-G1 phase arrest. These findings suggest DJ-1 may serve as a potential biomarker for chemoresistance and prognostic factor for patients with SCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Core-shell structured Fe3O4/Cu3(btc)2 (btc = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate) microspheres have been successfully synthesized by coating the metal-organic frameworks on poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) functionalized Fe3O4 microspheres by the layer-by-layer assembly method. The MOF composite exhibited excellent catalytic activity in the aerobic oxidation of alcohols and the epoxidation of olefins due to the porosity of MOFs and large amount of readily accessible Cu2+. Furthermore, the catalyst could be easily segregated from the catalytic system by using an external magnetic field due to its magnetic properties. The heterogeneous catalyst displayed good reusability and broad reagent scope in the aerobic oxidation of alcohols and epoxidation of olefins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, CuO–NiO supported on mesoporous silica SBA-15 was developed using the ultrasonic post-grafting method. The bi-metallic oxides were well-dispersed in very small sizes in the mesoporous channels, and the presence of NiO enhanced the surface content of CuO, leading to a redistribution of CuO and good dispersion of CuO nanoparticles, which were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), XRD and N2 adsorption and desorption isotherm examination. Compared with the CuO/SBA-15 or NiO/SBA-15, the electron transfer that occurred between the two metal oxides and high dispersion of the active components improved the overall selective olefin oxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Three-dimensional sisal-shaped β-cobalt hydroxide and oxide are synthesized. [•] The products are assembled from building blocks with the shape of tower of Hanoi. [•] The morphologies, structures and sizes of products could be easily controlled. [•] The products exhibited promising electrochemical applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

[Display omitted] Titanosilicate-1 zeolites (TS-1) as one of the most commonly used catalysts for alkene epoxidation, construction of hierarchical pores as well as elimination of anatase to promote mass transportation and avoid invalid decomposition of hydrogen peroxide are always desirable yet challenging goals. Here, a novel and unique Ti-based metal organic frameworks (MOFs)-induced synthetic strategy for fabricating anatase-free hierarchical TS-1 was first proposed. All the components of MOFs perform different functions: the uniformly distributed Ti nodes replace conventional tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) to serve as sole Ti source for constructing zeolite crystal; the separated ligands can be embedded in the zeolite framework and act as template to in situ build hierarchical pore structure; the coordination interaction between Ti nodes and ligands can efficiently avoid the anatase generation by balancing the forming rates of Ti-OH and Si-OH. This synthetic strategy is of general applicability, and two different synthetic routes including traditional hydrothermal process and steam assisted crystallization (SAC) procedure are successfully adopted. The obtained hydrothermal TS-1 and SAC anatase-free samples all possess abundant intercrystalline mesopores of 20–50 nm and even macropores between 50 and 150 nm, improving the conversion over 25 % for 1‑hexene epoxidation than TS-1 sample prepared by conventional route. The influences of the amount of Ti MOFs precursor and the crystallization process are studied in detail, and possible synthesis mechanisms are proposed. This MOFs-induced strategy might open up an avenue for the rational design of ideal and hierarchical zeolite to boost the catalytic efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this work, the results of numerical simulations of X-ray fluorescence holograms and the reconstructed atomic images for Fe single crystal are given. The influences of the recording angles ranges and the polarization effect on the reconstruction of the atomic images are discussed. The process for removing twin images by multiple energy fluorescence holography and expanding the energy range of the incident X-rays to improve the resolution of the reconstructed images is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• Flow control mechanisms used in microfluidic synthesis platforms have been discussed. • Review focuses on proposals for applications of drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensing, and cellular analysis. • Review provides a detailed overview of advances in microfluidic synthesis technology field over the past years. Nanomaterials have attracted significant attention in biomedical and environmental science in recent years due to their unique thermal, optical, electrical and magnetic properties. The properties of nanomaterials are highly correlated with their size and morphology. Consequently, efficient methods for synthesizing nanomaterials with a consistent size and shape are urgently required. Compared to conventional large-scale synthesis systems, microfluidic systems offer a far better control over the growth, nucleation and reaction conditions. As such, microfluidic synthesis has emerged as a key enabling technology for the rapid, low cost and reliable preparation of nanomaterials with complex properties and functions. This review provides a detailed overview of advances in the microfluidic synthesis technology field over the past five years. The review commences by describing the main microfluidic control mechanisms and microfluidic synthesis of particles. Some of the more common applications of microfluidic synthesized micro and nanomaterials are then introduced, including drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensing, environmental analysis, and cell analysis. The review concludes with a brief overview of the challenges facing the microfluidic synthesis field in the coming years, together with possible research directions aimed at overcoming these challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hierarchical nanostructure with hollow feature can greatly promote electrocatalytic activity by facilitating the diffusion of active species and accelerating the contact between catalyst and electrolyte. In this paper, we report the preparation of hierarchical hollow NiFe hydroxide nanospheres assembled from ultrathin nanosheets as the OER electrocatalyst via a simple and gentle self-templating strategy, which includes two steps: the synthesis of Ni(OH) 2 nanospheres precursor and its further transformation to the final hollow-spheres after the introduction of Fe3+ via a mild hydrothermal method. The hollow NiFe hydroxide nanospheres were proven to be composed of ultrathin nanosheets which formed porous walls. This unique structure achieved numerous mass transfer channels for electrolytes, ideal pathways for ions and electrons, and a high specific surface area, leading to the improved performance for the product during the electrocatalytic reaction. In addition, the charge transfer rate and structural stability of the architecture have been greatly improved after the addition of Fe3+, which guaranteed high electrochemical performance toward OER. The tafel plot for NiFe-190 without any conductive agents is 60 mV dec−1 and the overpotential needed to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2 is a 270 mV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Highly flexible CNTs based monolithic support was constructed via a directional freezing method. • Monolithic CNTs based composite PCM exhibits superior mechanical and thermal properties. • Flexible mechanism of monolithic CNTs based composite PCM is proposed. • This design strategy provides a new direction for future wearable fitting-skin temperature-controlled materials. Currently, most reported composite phase change materials (PCMs) are powdery shape, which require secondary processing for practical applications. Although some monolithic composite PCMs have been developed, their flexibility usually undergoes a remarkable reduction or even complete disappearance when supporting material s are infiltrated with PCMs. To solve this problem, we fabricated a flexible supporting material with a folded layer-bridge network structure by dispersing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in acetic acid solution of chitosan (CS) with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) using a directional freezing method. Then CS/PVA/CNTs (CPC) scaffold was infiltrated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to prepare PEG@CPC composite PCM. The resulting flexible composite PCM displays excellent mechanical properties, such as high tensile strength of 2.42 MPa and bending resistance of >100 cycles. Moreover, it displays outstanding thermal properties, such as high crystallinity of close to 100% and encapsulation ratio of 92.6 wt%. This work provides a simple method for preparation of flexible monolithic composite PCMs for many potential applications, such as wearable fitting-skin temperature-controlled materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, numerous studies are devoted to the pursuit of thermal conductivity enhancement of phase change materials (PCMs). On the contrary, few researches are reported to reduce the thermal conductivity of PCMs. Generally, the PCMs with reduced thermal conductivity have great potential in thermal protection application. Herein, we propose a novel in situ one-step strategy to facilely prepare monolithic silica aerogel-based composite PCMs. The silica aerogels possess low thermal conductivity and are used to encapsulate PCMs to prepare composite PCMs, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or octadecanol. Compare with PEG2000@silica aerogel, the resulting monolithic octadecanol@silica aerogel have low thermal conductivity (0.12 W m−1 K−1), high latent heat (127.73 J/g), large compressive strength (11 MPa), good hydrophobicity (contact angle 124°) and superior thermal cycling stability. This monolithic silica aerogel-based composite PCMs could prolong heat preservation duration due to the synergistic effect between low thermal conductivity and high latent heat of composite PCMs, showing potential promise for direct application to the thermal insulation and thermal protection device. More importantly, this in situ one-step synthesis strategy is universal for different types of PCMs. Image 1 • An in situ one-step strategy was proposed to synthesize monolithic silica aerogel-based composite PCMs. • This in situ one-step strategy is universal for the encapsulation of diverse PCMs. • Monolithic silica aerogel-based composite PCMs possess excellent shape stability and high compressive strength (11 MPa). • The silica aerogel-based composite PCMs have low thermal conductivity (0.12 W m−1 K−1) and high latent heat (127.73 J/g). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Hierarchical Co-embedded porous carbon microspheres were controllably synthesized. • The Co-based catalyst showed superior performance beyond noble-metal-based catalysts. • The partially uncovered and totally in-built Co species were likely the active sites. The direct pyrolysis of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) has recently provided an effective method to prepare various metal-incorporated composite carbon materials. In this work, hierarchical Co-embedded N-doped porous carbon microspheres were synthesized by controlled pyrolysis of bimetallic Zn-Co Prussian blue analogues (PBAs), in which the metallic Zn component served as thermally removable template and ligand [Co(CN) 6 ]3− served as both Co and N sources. When devoted to catalyzing the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NPh) into 4-aminophenol (4-APh), the optimized catalyst exhibited a large apparent rate constant of 1.35 min−1 and high turnover frequency (TOF) of 0.0204 s−1, which was superior to the majority of noble-metal-based catalysts. Besides, a home-made continuous flow catalysis system was readily constructed. Control experiments confirmed that both partially uncovered and totally in-built active metallic Co species acted as catalytically active sites. This work might provide a further understanding of the identification of active sites within metal-incorporated carbon-based catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible monolithic silica aerogel was prepared using an ambient pressure drying method without extra modifying and solvent-exchange process by controlling the crosslinking degree of the network and in-situ modification of methyl groups to the siloxane backbone. The introduction of the CH 3 -riched trimethylmethoxysilane (TMMS) molecules transforms silica clusters from originally rigid network structure with high crosslinking degree into flexible network structure with low crosslinking degree, not only improving the flexibility of the aerogel, but also endowing the hydrophobic property. The monolith feature, flexibility, hierarchical porous structure and hydrophobicity make the aerogel an ideal porous support for fabricating shape-stabilized phase change materials (PCMs). The obtained monolithic Paraffin (PA)/Aerogel composite shows high loading amount of PCMs, enhanced phase change enthalpy and good thermal stability. It is convenient to produce diverse shapes of monolithic composite PCMs to satisfy a range of specific requirements for energy storage applications. • Monolithic silica aerogel is prepared via an ambient pressure drying method. • The aerogel possesses good flexibility, porous structure and excellent hydrophobicity. • The aerogel is an ideal porous support for preparing monolithic PCM composite. • The PCM composite shows enhanced phase change enthalpy and good thermal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the composite materials of cellulose and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) materials as the solid-electrolyte separator was electrochemically and mechanically characterized before being incorporated into solid-state Zn-ion batteries (SSZIBs) with LiFePO 4 cathode and Zn anode. As understanding fading mechanisms and operational settings is essential to developing long lasting batteries, we further investigated the mechanisms of LiFePO 4 lithiation and de-lithiation in SSZIBs. The capacity fading mechanism was elucidated using ex-situ high energy synchrotron XANES measurements on our developed Zn-ion devices at varying charge rates. Long-term cycling was the focus of these investigations, which tracked and assessed chemical and structural changes. The results show that an increase in inactive FePO 4 proportional to the loss of active lithium is the primary driver of capacity fading once the lithium source is depleted. XRD confirm that LiFePO 4 exists in an olivine phase and reveal that the insertion and deinsertion behaviour of lithium ions in LiFePO 4 changes with cycling. The two phases (LiFePO 4 , FePO 4) and the loss of the lithium source may contribute to the reduced rate capability and capacity fading of LiFePO 4 cells during prolonged cycling. [Display omitted] • High-strength composite cellulose-PEO polymer electrolyte gives the Young's modulus more than 30 MPa. • Improved electrical conductivity of composite cellulose-PEO polymer electrolyte is observed. • Solid-state Zn-ion batteries are developed based on composite cellulose-PEO. • Zn/LiFePO 4 -based Zn-ion battery capacity fading mechanism is investigated. • A investigation of lithium ion behaviour in the LiFePO 4 cathode during insertion and deinsertion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Base editors have substantial promise in basic research and as therapeutic agents for the correction of pathogenic mutations. The development of adenine transversion editors has posed a particular challenge. Here we report a class of base editors that enable efficient adenine transversion, including precise A•T-to-C•G editing. We found that a fusion of mouse alkyladenine DNA glycosylase (mAAG) with nickase Cas9 and deaminase TadA-8e catalyzed adenosine transversion in specific sequence contexts. Laboratory evolution of mAAG significantly increased A-to-C/T conversion efficiency up to 73% and expanded the targeting scope. Further engineering yielded adenine-to-cytosine base editors (ACBEs), including a high-accuracy ACBE-Q variant, that precisely install A-to-C transversions with minimal Cas9-independent off-targeting effects. ACBEs mediated high-efficiency installation or correction of five pathogenic mutations in mouse embryos and human cell lines. Founder mice showed 44–56% average A-to-C edits and allelic frequencies of up to 100%. Adenosine transversion editors substantially expand the capabilities and possible applications of base editing technology. A base editor for precise adenine transversions is demonstrated in mouse embryos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phase change materials (PCMs) play a critical role in heat-related managements, however, are usually insulating and insensitive to temperature gradient which are not capable of providing sustainable thermal energy and restrict the real applications. Herein, a novel electric/photo to thermal response reduced graphene@N-doped porous carbon (RGO@PC) supporting scaffold is developed for encapsulating lauric acid (LA). Three-dimensional reduced graphene provides continuous pathways for electron transfer which ensures a rapid electro- and photo-to thermal response. Furthermore, N-doped porous carbon provides electron to the π-conjugated system and reduces the electric conductivity of the composite. Moreover, the interfacial interaction between N-doped porous carbon and RGO was enhanced which prevents convective heat dissipation between RGO@PC and surrounding air. Owing to these structural and compositional features, LA/RGO@PC possess an ultra-low operational voltage of 0.5 V, and a rapid photo-driven thermal response within 4 min which show great potential for manipulating urban heating systems. [Display omitted] • A novel GO@IRMOF-3 derived reduced graphene@N-doped porous carbon supporting scaffold to encapsulate lauric acid. • Reduced graphene@N-doped porous carbon based composite PCMs show great electro/photo trigger thermal performance. • LA/RGO@PC manifests an ultra-low operational voltage of 0.5 V. • This design strategy provides a new direction for future energy storage materials under extreme climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the relative sensitivity of different methods for detecting cervical glandular lesions. Methods: A total of 225 patients with cervical glandular lesions diagnosed from January 2018 to February 2023 were retrieved from the pathology database of Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Hospital, and their clinicopathological features were reviewed. Results: Four human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes: HPV18, 16, 45, and 52, dominated all glandular lesions, and accounting for 74.10% of HPV-positive tumors. Furthermore, 36.89% of abnormal squamous cells were diagnosed as abnormal based on cytological examinations leading to the detection of cervical glandular lesions; only 16.89% were diagnosed based on the initial detection of abnormal glandular cytology. The most common abnormal cervical screening result was ASC-US on cytology (14.22%), followed by HSIL (11.56%). Only few number of patients were diagnosed with or suspected of having cervical adenopathy via a Pap test (18.22%). Nearly one-third of cervical glandular lesions cases were not detected on the Pap test; but were diagnosed upon cervical biopsy or based on the histological examination of ECC, LEEP, or CKC specimens. The LEEP or CKC biopsy specimens had negative margins in 49 cases (40.83%), while the margins were positive in the other 71 cases (59.17%). Five cases (10.20%) with negative margins still had residual lesions following total hysterectomy, and 19 (26.76%) with positive margins had no residual lesions after total hysterectomy. Conclusion: The ability to detect cervical glandular lesions varies for routine HPV genotyping, Pap test, or biopsy/ECC, with different sensitivities and advantages and disadvantages for each method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare tumor that can develop on the lining of nerves and within the network of nerve fibers in different organs, and it is commonly found in the head and neck, limbs, and trunk. These tumors can occur in patients of any age. They most commonly occur in adults aged 20 to 50 years; however, fewer cases of this tumor in children have been reported. To date, no neonatal case of MPNST in the nasal cavity has been reported. Here, we report the case of a 4-day-old female newborn who presented with a nasal mass that re-enlarged after surgery and was diagnosed as MPNST of the nasal cavity on the basis of pathological results. This is the first report of MPNST in the nasal cavity of a neonate. Differential diagnosis and treatment of nasal masses have been proposed in the related literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The development of high-efficiency nonprecious electrocatalysts based on inexpensive and earth abundant elements is of great significance for renewable energy technologies. Here, Co-tuned nickel phosphide electrocatalysts have been prepared by a facile co-precipitation, oxidation, and phosphidation method by regulating the atomic ratio of Co/Ni. Co species could modulate the electronic state behaviors of Ni x P y and the hierarchically nanostructured Ni/Co-P shows highly electrochemical activity with a small Tafel slope of 45 mV dec−1 and an overpotential of 148 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA cm−2 in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In 1.0 M KOH, an overpotential of 360 mV is required to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm−2 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Our research results suggest that doping metal is a useful route to improve the catalytic activity and our method may open up facile avenues to design other catalysts. Highlights • A facile and green method is developed to synthesize Co-tuned Ni x P y. • Doping Co alters the electronic state of Ni x P y and improves the catalytic activity. • The synergistic effect between Co and Ni may contribute to the catalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aerogels are porous materials with many attractive properties, but their large-scale applications are always restricted by the laborious procedures and poor mechanical properties. Herein, a novel monolithic flexible hydrophobic aerogel was prepared using a new type of bridged methylsiloxane as a precursor and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) or propyltrimethoxysilane (PTMS) as co-precursors in a facile and environmentally friendly procedure. The bridged precursor can not only help construct networks of aerogels but also act as an enhancer for its particular molecular structure. The co-precursors TEOS, MTMS, PTMS can tailor the texture and the properties of the aerogels by controlling the hydrolysis and condensation rates and their molecular structures. Co-precursors with faster reaction rates result in smaller particle size in the skeleton and a larger specific surface area. The obtained aerogels are hydrophobic and exhibit good mechanical properties with deformation as high as 80% and low density (0.078 g cm−3). The excellent properties make the aerogels good candidates for oil/water separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of highly efficient and inexpensive electrocatalysts is of great importance for generating renewable energy. In this work, Cu@Cu3P core–shell nanowires grown on nickel foam (Cu@Cu3P/NF) are prepared by a novel in situ reduction of CuSO4⋅5 H2O, which forms Cu, followed by surface oxidation and low‐temperature phosphorization. The unique hierarchical architecture of Cu@Cu3P/NF integrates the advantages of enlarged surface area, fast electron transport, numerous channels for gas rapid diffusion, non‐polymer binder, and enhanced catalytic performance. Remarkably, Cu@Cu3P/NF‐50, with a molar ratio of Cu/Cu3P of around 2.63, reveals a highly efficient catalytic performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline solution with a Tafel slope of 59 mV dec−1 and a long durability of 48 h. Overpotentials as low as 218 and 302 mV are required to reach current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively. Furthermore, the scientific understanding and design principle of Cu@Cu3P/NF with controlled performance will encourage more research into other high‐performance, low‐cost electrocatalysts for renewable energy. Down to the wire! A unique hierarchical electrocatalyst composed of Cu@Cu3P core–shell nanowires grown on nickel foam (Cu@Cu3P/NF) was prepared by in situ reduction, surface oxidation, and low‐temperature phosphorization treatments (see figure). This catalyst integrates the advantages of enlarged surface area, fast electron transport, numerous channels for gas rapid diffusion, and non‐polymer binder, and thus, reveals superior catalytic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The leakage of the liquid phase above the melting point and the low thermal conductivity of phase change materials (PCMs), are the major barriers that currently prevent the practical applications of organic PCMs. In this work, a novel supporting material with mutual interpenetrating network structure was developed by the heterogeneous decorations of Cr-MIL-101-NH 2 metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) nanoparticles on the surfaces of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). PCMs, absorbed by capillary force of porous structure and anchored by hydrogen bond interaction of amino groups, were stabilized by the MOFs nanoparticles. The close integration between CNTs and MOFs nanoparticles was conductive to the construction of three-dimensional (3D) and mutual interpenetrating network structured supporting material, which provided continuous heat transfer paths, increased mean free paths for phonons transmission and promoted effectively the reduction of interfacial thermal resistance between the PCM molecules and supporting materials. The thermal conductivity of PEG2000/CNT@Cr-MIL-101-NH 2 shape-stabilized PCM composite was improved by 100.9% over PEG2000/Cr-MIL-101-NH 2 PCM composite. Furthermore, the obtained PEG/CNT@Cr-MIL-101-NH 2 PCM composite showed large phase change enthalpy, good chemical stability and excellent thermal cycling stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal‐organic framework materials (MOFs) have the characteristics of versatile composition, high specific surface area, rich and orderly pore structure and adjustable pore size, which provide an ideal platform to develop desulfurization adsorbent and investigate the factors influencing the mercaptan removal performance. In this study, five kinds of MOFs with different adsorption sites (Cu, Ni, Zn), topological structure, pore size and defect degree were prepared and evaluated the desulfurization performance. The mercaptan adsorption capacity followed the order of CuBDC‐D>CuBDC>NiBDC>ZIF‐8>MOF‐5, and the metal site and defect were considered the main influence factors. The present study suggested that defect engineering of Cu based MOFs is a promising strategy to design efficient adsorbent for mercaptan removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A unique network of a-NiCo-MOFNWs-P is developed by a two-step pyrolysis strategy, which exhibits superior activity and long-term durability in methanol electrooxidation reactions. [Display omitted] Developing high-performance and low-cost electrocatalysts toward methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) is essential for fuel cell applications. Herein, we report a defect engineering strategy integrating amorphization and phosphorization to construct directly interconnected networks of amorphous NiCo-based metal–organic framework nanowires (a-NiCo-MOFNWs) with phosphorus (P) doping. The resulting P-doped a-NiCo-MOFNWs (a-NiCo-MOFNWs-P) network displays superior MOR efficiency and long-term durability over 1000 cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements. The special structure of directly interconnected networks and the synergistic effect between the amorphous MOFs and dispersed phosphorus species give rise to abundant exposed active sites, accelerated electron transport, and increased porosity for mass transfer, thus boosting the reaction kinetics of MOR. This work provides additional insights into the network assembly and structural evolution of one-dimensional (1D) MOFs, and also opens up new avenues for the design of highly reactive and robust non-precious metal-based electrocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cytosine base editors (CBEs) efficiently generate precise C·G-to-T·A base conversions, but the activation-induced cytidine deaminase/apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like (AID/APOBEC) protein family deaminase component induces considerable off-target effects and indels. To explore unnatural cytosine deaminases, we repurpose the adenine deaminase TadA-8e for cytosine conversion. The introduction of an N46L variant in TadA-8e eliminates its adenine deaminase activity and results in a TadA-8e-derived C-to-G base editor (Td-CGBE) capable of highly efficient and precise C·G-to-G·C editing. Through fusion with uracil glycosylase inhibitors and further introduction of additional variants, a series of Td-CBEs was obtained either with a high activity similar to that of BE4max or with higher precision compared to other reported accurate CBEs. Td-CGBE/Td-CBEs show very low indel effects and a background level of Cas9-dependent or Cas9-independent DNA/RNA off-target editing. Moreover, Td-CGBE/Td-CBEs are more efficient in generating accurate edits in homopolymeric cytosine sites in cells or mouse embryos, suggesting their accuracy and safety for gene therapy and other applications. Improved cytosine base editors are created by repurposing an adenine deaminase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of porous triamide-linked polymers labeled as PTP were prepared by condensation of 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride with benzene-1,4-diamine (A), 4,4′-methylenediamine (B) and 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine (C) respectively. The as-synthesized polymers exhibit permanent porosity and high surface areas which guarantee to hold polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules in their network for shape-stabilized phase change materials. They possess different effects on the phase change properties of the composite due to their different porosities. PTP-A have intrinsic well-ordered morphology, microstructure and good enough pores to keep the PCMs compared to PTP-B and PTP-C. PEG 2000 used as PCMs could be retained up to 85 wt% in PTP-A polymer materials and these composites were defined as form-stable composite PCMs without the leakage of melted PCM. The thermal study revealed a good storage effect of encapsulated polymer and the enthalpy of melting increases in the order PTP-C < PTP-B < PTP-A at the same PEG content in the blends. The PEG@PTP-A composite at 85% PEG content presented a greater thermal storage capacity. The latent heats for melting and freezing was found to be 155 and 141.7 kJ/kg with a peak appearing at around 53.13 and 29.67 °C respectively. The study suggests that pore size is important for the preparation of shape-stabilized PCMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An organic–inorganic hybrid porous metal–organic gel (MOG) based on Cr3+ and bridging benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (BTC) was synthesized. The MOG exhibited good porosity, flexibility and a high surface area to encapsulate stearic acid (SA) for phase change materials (PCMs). The porosity of MOG-100 (Cr) guaranteed an excellent thermal stability of the encapsulated stearic acid. No leakage of PCMs was observed from the MOG even after heating the SA@MOG-100 (Cr) composites beyond their melting point. A maximum weight percentage as high as 90% of stearic acid has been achieved without leakage. The melting temperature of the SA@MOG-100 (Cr) composite was 71.9 °C and the total latent heat of fusion of the composite was measured to be in the range of 101–189.3 kJ kg−1. They present excellent thermal recyclability within at least 15 melting/freezing cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A facile and scaled-up synthesis route to hierarchically nanostructured transition metal oxides with desirable properties is of great practical importance because of their excellent performance as heterogeneous catalysts in organic synthesis. In this work, hierarchically nanostructured MnCo2O4 nanorods with multi-nanopores have been prepared by a facile co-precipitation method using oxalic acid as a precipitant and through their consequent removal by calcination. When evaluated as catalysts for the synthesis of N-benzylideneaniline from benzyl alcohol and aniline, the as-prepared hierarchically nanostructured MnCo2O4-500 nanorods possessed high conversion (90.9%) of benzyl alcohol and selectivity (95.4%) of N-benzylideneaniline at 60 °C even under air for 15 h, which can be attributed to the appropriate and similar ratios of Mn2+/Mn3+ (1.36 : 1) and Co2+/Co3+ (1.35 : 1) with excellent synergistic effects. The proposed mechanism reveals that the benzyl alcohol is initially dehydrogenated to benzaldehyde which then reacts with another molecule of aniline to form N-benzylideneaniline. The MnCo2O4-500 nanorods can also be easily recycled without significant loss in catalytic activity for at least 4 cycles. Our findings could provide some guidance on the design of nanostructured spinel-type metal oxide catalysts with better synergistic effects in organic synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel lyophilizated evaporation-induced self-assembly (L-EISA) approach for morphology controllable TiO 2 hierarchical nanostructures in pure water-based system was developed. The resulting TiO 2 nanostructures were obtained by controlling the self-assembly and growth of the P123 and TiO 2 sol complex. During the synthesis procedure, the aging temperature influences the self-assembled behavior of the template in the solution, the interaction between P123 and TiO 2 sol particles, and the crystal growth of TiO 2 . At the aging temperature of 50 °C (P 0.5 -TiO 2 -50), TiO 2 hierarchical nanostructure composed of radical array of nanoneedle and some adhered nanocrystallines were obtained. Lyophilization was employed to retain the structure and prevent the further growth of TiO 2 crystalline during the drying process. After calcination, the structures were well preserved. P 0.5 -TiO 2 -50 possesses a relatively high surface area of ∼210.3 m 2 g −1 and a large average pore size of ∼12.56 nm. With the high surface area, crystalline and specific nanostructure, P 0.5 -TiO 2 -50 exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity on the degradation of RhB under solar-light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To analyze and discuss the influencing factors of sentinel lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. Methods. A total of 469 breast cancer patients admitted in the Department of Pathology of Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from October 2016 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The general information, immunohistochemical expression, tumor molecular subtype, tumor size, histological grade, pathological type, and tumor location were collected and the relationship with sentinel lymph node metastasis was analyzed. Results. For patients with different age, Ki-67 and Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) immunohistochemical expression level (invasive cancer), molecular subtype (invasive cancer), tumor size, histological grade (invasive cancer) and pathological type. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age was less than or equal to 40 years; the molecular subtype was Luminal B and HER-2 overexpression (invasive cancer); tumor was larger; the histological grade (invasive cancer) was higher; the pathological type was invasive carcinoma, there were independent risk factors for sentinel lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. The sentinel lymph node metastasis rates of invasive lobular carcinoma, invasive micropapillary carcinoma, and metaplastic carcinoma (all met the criteria for squamous cell carcinoma and histological grade III) were higher than 50% in special invasive carcinomas. Conclusion. Age, expression level of Ki 67 and HER-2, molecular typing, tumor volume and histological grade are all high-risk factors related to sentinel lymph node metastasis of breast cancer. When one or more of the above factors are involved in an examination, pathologists should be more cautious in making a sentinel lymph node frozen diagnosis. By standardizing the sampling and increasing the number of frozen sections (slicing more frozen tissue layers), the section quality can be improved. This may be conducive to reducing the false negative rate and reducing the pain and risk of secondary surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Brønsted acid/Lewis acid dual catalyst system was developed to promote efficient C-C bond formation between a range of oxocarbenium precursors derived from chromene acetals and ethyl diazoacetate. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and is tolerant of functionalized 2 H-chromenes and isochromene acetals. In addition, an asymmetric variant of diazoacetate addition towards 2 H-chromene acetals is described. Continued investigations include further optimization of asymmetric induction towards the formation of diazo ester substituted 2 H-chromene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Simple approach to fabricate OANI superstructures with controllable morphology. [•] Stable pH value to form the uniform morphologies. [•] Investigate the forming mechanism for the complex morphologies of OANI. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• NiCo-LDH@MOFs was fabricated by an in situ semi-sacrificial template-assisted strategy. • The formation of the MOF-based 2D-2D heterostructure was first demonstrated by AFM-IR technology. • The catalysts exhibited enhanced OER catalytic activity and significantly improved stability. Ultrathin Bimetal MOF nanosheets (BMOFNs) are regarded as effective electrocatalyst for Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) because of their abundance of coordinatively unsaturated metal atoms, enhanced mass permeability and coupling effect between bimetals, while the limited conductivity and stability severely hinders their widespread application. Here, we develop an in situ semi-sacrificial template-assisted strategy to grow ultrathin BMOFNs on NiCo-LDH to construct non-noble metal electrocatalysts that are both active and stable. The optimized NiCo-LDH@MOFs heterostructure exhibits a superior electrocatalytic activity with accelerated electronic transfer and significantly enhanced durability of over 300 h. An advanced AFM-IR technology is introduced for the first time to investigate the formation of the 2D-2D heterogeneous structure in NiCo-LDH@MOFs, providing insights into the morphology-structure-composition evolution of the electrocatalyst at a nanoscale. This work demonstrates an in-situ growth strategy to achieve high-performance ultrathin MOF-based electrocatalysts, and provides advanced combinatorial characterization techniques to monitor the material growth process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Hollow CdS@Ni(OH) 2 hybrid photocatalysts were synthesized. • The yield of CO was 3.12 mmol g-1h−1 with an apparent quantum efficiency of 2.05 % at 420 nm. • The photocatalytic system and mechanism for CO 2 reduction were investigated. • Structure-activity relationship and the local chemical environment in hollow microreactors were explored. The controllable hollow sphere, serving as an excellent light-trapping cavity, represents one of the most appealing structures in photocatalytic CO 2 reduction but is plagued by limited catalytic active sites. Herein, we report an in situ self-assembly strategy to decorate cadmium sulfide hollow spheres (CdS HS) with ultrathin nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH) 2) nanosheets to boost CO 2 photoreduction. The as-grown CdS@Ni(OH) 2 photocatalyst affords a higher CO yield of 3.12 mmol g-1h−1 and a good apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 2.05 % compared with the pristine CdS HS (0.38 mmol g-1h−1). The superior performance could be assigned to the unique hollow nanostructure and the synergistic effect between CdS HS and Ni(OH) 2 nanosheets. The interior CdS HS strengthens the multiple light reflections that leads to optimized light harvesting. The ultrathin Ni(OH) 2 nanosheet shell effectively prevents photocorrosion of CdS while providing a suitable local chemical environment that promotes CO 2 adsorption and activation. Additionally, the close contact interface of CdS@Ni(OH) 2 facilitates efficient separation and migration of photoinduced electrons and holes, thus boosting photocatalytic kinetics. This study presents a facile route for the controllable engineering of hollow microreactors toward CO 2 photoreduction and sheds light on the structure-dependent photocatalytic mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The recent advancements of femtosecond (fs) holography are introduced. The experimental requirements and the time resolution are presented. Applications of femtosecond holography to signal processing, and other femtosecond holographic techniques such as femtosecond holographic imaging and microprocessing are detailed. A potential alternative of femtosecond holography is proposed, based on the sectional interference of reference pulse with the time stretched signal pulse. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

X-ray fluorescence holography is a novel method for three-dimensional (3D) imaging of local atomic structures. However, it suffers from the classical problem of twin images which dates from the original work of D. Gabor. Barton proposed that properly phased combinations of images reconstructed from holograms recorded at several incident energies suppress twin images effects. In this work, the influence of the range and the magnitude of incident energies on reconstructed atomic images is discussed with a single Fe atom and a Fe single crystal used as models for calculations, respectively. Comparing the atomic images reconstructed from these calculated holograms, it is found that the wider is the range of incident energies, the better is the effect of removing twin images. Moreover, with the increase of incident energy, the atomic images are reconstructed with an increasing resolution. At the same time, the difference between their positions and that of the actual atoms decreases. It can be reduced to 10-2 Å with holograms recorded at high and wide-range incident energies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

N-doped carbon possesses the advantages of electronic modification and immobilization of metal nanoparticles. Hence, N-doped carbon-based metal catalysts have received extensive attention. This study prepared uniformly dispersed Ni nanoparticles (24.0 wt%) on porous N-doped carbon, which was fabricated via the high temperature pyrolysis of nitrogen-rich ZnNi MOFs with 1H-1,2,3-triazole as the ligand. The 1H-1,2,3-triazole as a high energy ligand could volatilize violently to form a N-doped macroporous carbon-based structure. Zn acted as a fence and prevented the accumulation of Ni during the pyrolysis of ZnNi MOFs. The synergistic effect from the abundant porous structure together with uniformly dispersed Ni nanoparticles proves the excellent catalytic activity toward the hydrogenation of dicyclopentadiene, showing 100% DCPD conversion and >99% THDCPD selectivity. Uniformly dispersed Ni nanocatalyst on porous N-doped carbon which was fabricated through increasing the pyrolysis temperature of ZnNi MOFs, shows enhanced catalytic activity toward the hydrogenation of DCPD. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Horizontal wells are an effective way to develop oil and gas fields with large drain areas, leading to high production rates and recoveries. They have been widely used in low permeability oil‐gas reservoirs, shale gas reservoirs, coalbed methane reservoirs, and so on. To achieve the best production rate of horizontal wells, it is essential to further reduce drilling completion fluid damage to protect the reservoir. The skin factor is the main indicator for evaluating the degree of damage of the drilling completion fluid on the reservoir. However, the skin factor obtained by field tests is the sum of the pseudo‐skin factor and the true skin factor, which cannot precisely evaluate the degree of damage. Therefore, it is important to calculate the true skin factor to correctly evaluate the degree of damage of the drilling completion fluid on a reservoir during the drilling completion process of horizontal wells. In this work, a combined method based on experimental data and logging data is proposed to calculate the true skin factor. First, based on a drilling completion fluid dynamic damage experiment, a relational expression between the initial permeability and the damaged permeability is equated, and then, a relational expression between the permeability of rock samples and the filtration velocity of the drilling completion fluid is formulated. Second, after combining experimental results with logging data, the horizontal reservoir intervals are subdivided and both the damaged permeability of the partial reservoir intervals and the major semiaxis of the damaged ellipse are calculated. Finally, the true skin factor of the horizontal well is computed. This metric provides a more precise evaluation of the effect of drilling completion fluid on a reservoir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phase change materials (PCMs) can alleviate concerns over energy to some extent by reversibly storing a tremendous amount of renewable and sustainable thermal energy. However, the low thermal conductivity, low electrical conductivity, and weak photoabsorption of pure PCMs hinder their wider applicability and development. To overcome these deficiencies and improve the utilization efficiency of thermal energy, versatile carbon materials have been increasingly considered as supporting materials to construct shape‐stabilized composite PCMs. Despite some carbon‐based composite PCMs reviews regarding thermal conductivity enhancement, a comprehensive review of carbon‐based composite PCMs does not exist. Herein, a systematic overview of recent carbon‐based composite PCMs for thermal storage, transfer, conversion (solar‐to‐thermal, electro‐to‐thermal and magnetic‐to‐thermal), and advanced multifunctional applications, including novel metal organic framework (MOF)‐derived carbon materials are provided. The current challenges and future opportunities are also highlighted. The authors hope this review can provide in‐depth insights and serve as a useful guide for the targeted design of high‐performance carbon‐based composite PCMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]