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Purpose: Defining the phenotypic characteristics of CD8+T cell subsets in gastric cancer (GC) can help remodel the immune microenvironment of the tumor, thereby improving patient prognosis. CD226 has recently been shown to regulate the activity of CD8+T cell in several malignancies. However, the clinical relevance of CD226+CD8+T cells in GC remains unclear. Methods: Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) cohort (n = 316), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort (n = 407), KUGH/KUCM cohort (n = 202), and Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG) cohort (n = 300) were included in prognosis and response to adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) analyses. Flow cytometry and multiplex immunostaining were used to characterize CD226+CD8+T cells. Results: CD226+CD8+T cells predicted favorable outcomes in patients undergoing curative resection for GC. GC patients with high CD226+CD8+T cell infiltration benefitted more from adjuvant chemotherapy. CD155 is upregulated in GC tissues and is associated with decreased intra-tumoral CD226+CD8+T cell infiltration. The combination of intra-tumoral CD226+CD8+T cells and CD155 is a strong prognostic predictor in patients with GC. Conclusion: CD226+CD8+T cells may represent a novel therapeutic target and a useful marker of prognosis and therapeutic response in patients with GC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the effects of experimental liver injury on the intestinal barrier, and to evaluate the significance of plasma D(-)-lactate, diamine oxidase (DAO) and endotoxin in live injury., Methods: Fifty-five rats were randomized into the acute liver failure group (group C, n = 25), acute liver injury group (group B, n = 15), and control group (group A, n = 15). The concentrations of D(-)-lactate, DAO and endotoxin in plasma were detected by spectrophotograph. The morphology and subcellular structure were observed under optical microscope and transmission electron microscope., Results: Acute liver failure and acute liver injury models were established successfully. The concentrations of D(-)-lactate and DAO in the plasma of experimental groups (group B and C) were significantly higher than those in the control group (P less than 0.05); the concentration of intestinal DAO in experimental groups were significantly lower than that in the control group (P less than 0.05); the level of endotoxin in C group was significantly higher than that in group A and group B (P less than 0.05)., Conclusion: Liver injury induces hyperpermeability of the rat intestinal mucosal barrier, plasma D(-)-lactate and DAO are sensitive markers for early diagnosis of liver injury, plasma endotoxin may accelerate deterioration of liver function.

Objective: Clinical and liver pathological features of 60 primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) patients were reviewed to identify prognostic factors in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease., Methods: The general conditions, clinical manifestations, serum biochemical and immunological changes, and liver pathological findings were assessed in 60 PBC patients. All cases were followed up and 5 variables were studied by univariate analysis; the variables linked with survival were included in a Cox model., Results: Forty-eight patients were females (80%), 12 were males (20%), and the mean age at their diagnoses was (52.5+/-9.4). The symptoms most frequently complained about were jaundice (61.6%), fatigue (51.6%), anorexia (43.3%) and pruritus (25%). Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels were markedly elevated in the majority of the patients [(242.3+/-137.1) U/L and (250.6+/-216.1) U/L, respectively], whereas ALT and AST levels were mildly to moderately elevated [(185.8+/-269.1) U/L and (172.5+/-163.6) U/L, respectively]. Thirty-two patients (53.3%) had a total bilirubin level of > or = 34.2 micromol/L. Twenty-eight patients (59.5%) had elevated serum IgM and 41 patients (68.3%) were anti-mitochondrial antibody AMA/AMA-M2 positive. Forty-two of the 60 patients had liver biopsies. The liver pathological changes: 33.3% of the cases were in I or II stage and 66.6% in III or IV stage. The follow up results: Five patients died of liver failure or massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding; 45 were still alive; the average survival period was 3.92 years; 10 patients were lost in the follow-up. With multivariate analysis (Cox model), age, level of total bilirubin and the stage of the liver pathological changes were found to be independent factors linked to the survival of the patients., Conclusion: PBC may not be a rare liver disease in China. The awareness to recognize PBC is important in making an early diagnosis and treatment.