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A novel procedure was developed for the determination of DCPTA residues in mung bean using dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) couple with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Sample was extracted with a HAc-acetonitrile solution (1:99, V/V) and primarily purified by DSPE with C18, PSA, and GCB as absorbent. In order to detect DCPTA residues from mung bean, retention time, quantitative ions, and qualitative ions were used for screening and confirmation. The effect DSPE conditions of the type and dosage of adsorbents and extraction condition were researched, and then the suitable method was founded. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limit (S/N = 3) and quantitative limit (S/N = 10) of DCPTA were 0.11 μg kg−1 and 0.37 μg kg−1, respectively. The average recoveries ranged from 93.8 to 96.8% at spiking levels of 1.0, 5.0, and 10.0 μg kg−1, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) lower than 6.2% (N = 6). This method is simple, accurate, and sensitive, and is suitable for the rapid screening and confirmatory analysis of plant growth regulator residues in coarse grains.

Maintenance of an appropriate oxygen concentration is essential for the function of the liver. However, in many pathological conditions, and particularly in the tumor microenvironment, cells and tissues are frequently in a hypoxic state. In the presence of hypoxia, the cells adapt to the low oxygen levels through the hypoxia‑inducible factor (HIF) pathway. Overgrowth of tumor cells restricts the diffusion of oxygen in tumors, leading to insufficient blood supply and the creation of a hypoxic microenvironment, and, as a consequence, activation of the expression of HIFs. HIFs possess a wide range of target genes, which function to control a variety of signaling pathways; thus, HIFs modulate cellular metabolism, immune escape, angiogenesis, metastasis, extracellular matrix remodeling, cancer stem cells and other properties of the tumor. Given their crucial role in the occurrence and development of tumors, HIFs are expected to become new targets of precise treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Yaodong He,1,* Wei Wang,1,* Pingping Jiang,2 Lin Yang,1 Qi Guo,1 Junwei Xiang,1 Yuling Gao,1 Yuanyin Wang,1 Ran Chen1 1College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yuanyin Wang; Ran ChenCollege & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail wyy1970548@sohu.com; ahmuchenran@163.comAbstract: Many studies have shown that most genomes are transcribed into non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which can affect different cell characteristics. LncRNAs are long heterologous RNAs that regulate gene expression and various signaling pathways during homeostasis and development. Studies have shown that a lncRNA is an important regulatory molecule that can be targeted to change the physiology and function of cells. Expression or dysfunction of lncRNAs is closely related to various genetic, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases. The importance of ncRNAs in oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) has garnered much attention in recent years. However, most research has focused on miRs. The role of these molecules in OSF is incompletely understood. This review focuses on the emerging role and function of lncRNAs in OSF as novel regulators. Finally, the potential functional role of lncRNAs as biomarkers for OSF diagnosis is also described. LncRNAs are expected to become a new therapeutic target, but more research is needed to understand their biological functions more deeply.Keywords: oral submucous fibrosis, long non-coding RNAs, function, mechanism, biomarker