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Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL, Aptiom (TM)) is a once-daily anticonvulsant, approved as adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures (POS). Historical-controlled trials investigating the use of ESL as monotherapy have demonstrated a favorable efficacy and tolerability profile in patients with POS. This prospective, non-interventional study recruited POS patients in 17 hospitals in Spain. After a 3-month baseline period, ESL therapy was initiated as 400 mg QD and up-titrated to an optimal maintenance dose based on clinical response and tolerance. The incidence of seizures was assessed via seizure calendars and the nature and severity of adverse events (AEs) were also recorded. A total of 117 patients (aged 9-87 years) enrolled in the study and were treated with ESL at either 400 mg/day (3.4% patients), 800 mg/day (61% patients), 1200 mg/day (27.1% patients) or 1600 mg/day (8.5% patients). At 3 months, 82.0% (n = 72) of patients achieved a >= 50% reduction in seizure frequency, compared to 79.7% (n = 67) of patients at 6 months and 83.0% (n = 49) at 12 months. Patients who suffered secondary generalized tonic-clonic (SGTC) seizures had seizure-free rates of 71% (n = 27), 69.6% (n = 29), and 72.7% (n = 16) at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Overall, 18 patients (153%) reported AEs of instability and dizziness (n = 9), somnolence (n = 3), mild hyponatremia (n = 3), headache (n = 1), hypertri-glyceridemia (n = 1), and allergic reaction (n = 1), which caused ESL discontinuation of ESL treatment. ESL is effective and well tolerated as monotherapy for patients with POS, which supports previous findings. Early use is supported by its frequent use as monotherapy in this study and lack of severe side effects. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[EN] This paper is focuses on the motion control applied to a cameraman robotic assistant for minimally invasive surgery. In particular, this paper is devoted to the camera navigation problem refered to robots endowed with passive wrists. The proposed methodology is based on a previous kinematic analysis of the task. By using this information, an adaptive cartesian motion controller has been designed. This scheme generates on-line trajectories for moving the laparoscopic camera to a desired target position in such a way that the actuators saturation is taken into account. The proposed strategy has been implanted in the ERM assistant used to carry out clinical trials on thirty two patients., [ES] Este artículo estudia la planificación de movimientos en asistentes robóticos para el manejo de la cámara laparoscópica en cirugía mínimamente invasiva. Se centra en el problema del control cartesiano de robots dotados con muñecas pasivas. A partir de un análisis cinemático de la tarea, se propone un esquema de control cartesiano y adaptativo que planifica en línea la trayectoria de la cámara y asegura que no se saturan los actuadores durante el desplazamiento. La estrategia propuesta se ha implantado en el asistente ERM, con el que se ha realizado un ensayo clínico sobre treinta y dos pacientes.

Introduccion. Las alteraciones del sueno son frecuentes en pacientes con epilepsia y se correlacionan con una peor calidad de vida. Objetivos. Evaluar la prevalencia de las alteraciones del sueno en pacientes con epilepsia focal refractaria y no refractaria y explorar la influencia de estas alteraciones en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Pacientes y metodos. Estudio epidemiologico, controlado, transversal, realizado en 150 consultas ambulatorias de neurologia. Se reclutaron pacientes que habian sido tratados con dos farmacos antiepilepticos desde el inicio de la enfermedad (18-55 anos). Resultados. Se incluyeron 237 pacientes con epilepsia focal no refractaria y 264 pacientes con epilepsia focal refractaria. El 22% del grupo con epilepsia no refractaria y el 45% del grupo con epilepsia refractaria (p < 0,0001) padecian alguna alteracion del sueno. Los pacientes con epilepsia refractaria tenian peor calidad de vida (p < 0,001) medida con el cuestionario de calidad de vida QOLIE-10. Se observo una correlacion positiva y significativa entre la calidad de vida y la calidad del sueno, tanto en el insomnio cronico (r = 0,65; p < 0,0001) como en la somnolencia excesiva diurna (r = 0,43; p < 0,0001). Conclusion. Las alteraciones del sueno son mas frecuentes en la epilepsia refractaria que en la no refractaria, y afectan a la calidad de vida de los pacientes.