Search

This report presents results from a survey with first-line practitioners working in areas related to migration. The survey was available in 10 languages (Albanian, Arabic, Bulgarian, Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Italian, and Spanish) and was open between the 2nd of March and the 19th of April, 2022. The survey aimed to investigate practitioners’ assessments of best practices in migration-related work. More specifically, practitioners were asked to share their attitudes toward potential strategies for addressing the issue of misinformation amongst migrants and criteria through which to assess the success of potential best practices, as well as their evaluations of existing Information Communication Technology (ICT) tools in migration-related work. The survey received 755 valid responses, with a large number of responses from female, European practitioners working in support services.

Executive Summary This report details the results from a survey of first-line practitioners working in the field of migration, launched by the PERCEPTIONS consortium between October and December of 2020. First-line practitioners have been identified as an understudied group in migration-related research (Bayerl et. al, 2020), and the present report aims to help address this knowledge gap. The results also aim to serve as a reference for future migration-related policymaking and research. Within the PERCEPTIONS project, the insights presented in this report will help to inform the creation of materials to support both migrants and practitioners alike. The survey itself aimed to explore perceptions of Europe that first-line practitioners observe among migrants, how practitioners believe inaccurate information may influence migration, and the impacts of COVID-19 on the field of migration-related work. It was aimed at first-line practitioners of all sectors, from migrant advocacy organisations to border security experts, and was distributed in 14 countries and 11 languages. In total, 788 responses were received, with 589 participants from European countries (the majority from Bulgaria, Italy, and Spain) and 199 from non-European countries (the majority from Algeria). The sample was relatively balanced between participants working in border enforcement and those working in migrant support services.

This paper examines how social preferences develop with age. This is done using a range of mini-dictator games from which we classify 665 subjects into a variety of behavioural types. We expand on previous developmental studies of pro-sociality and parochialism by analysing individuals aged 9–67, and by employing a cross country study where participants from Spain interact with participants from different ethnic groups (Arab, East Asian, Black and White) belonging to different countries (Morocco, China, Senegal and Spain). We identify a ‘U-shaped’ relationship between age and egalitarianism that had previously gone unnoticed, and appeared linear. An inverse “U-shaped” relationship is found to be true for altruism. A gender differential is found to emerge in teenage years, with females becoming less altruistic but more egalitarian than males. In contrast to the majority of previous economic studies of the development of social preferences, we report evidence of increased altruism, and decreased egalitarianism and spite expressed towards black individuals from Senegal.

En este trabajo se analizan las crisis económicas registradas en la economía española desde la Gran Depresión hasta el momento actual con una fundamentación teórica en el marco de la economía institucional. Concretamente se identifican y analizan los cambios institucionales o en las reglas de juego que han podido desencadenar crisis económicas o agravarlas y, a su vez, los cambios institucionales que, desencadenados por las crisis económicas, han determinado la senda institucional (path dependence) de la economía española durante el último siglo. Además de las crisis económicas, se estudian en perspectiva histórica tres factores complementarios de significada relevancia para la configuración de los marcos institucionales de la economía española: el Plan de Estabilización de 1959, la transición democrática y la incorporación de España a la Comunidad Económica Europea. Todos ellos tienen efectos directos sobre el policy-making del país. This paper discusses the economic crises in Spain, from the Great Depression to current recession. Institutional economics offers the theoretical framework for identifying and analyzing the institutions and the rules of the game that have triggered or aggravated the economic crises. This work identifies the institutional changes, caused by economic depressions, which have determined the path dependence of Spanish economy during the last century. In addition, this article analyzes in historical perspective three factors relevant for the institutional environment of the Spanish economy: the Stabilization Plan of 1959, the democratic Spanish transition and Spain joined the European Economic Community. They all have direct effects on policy-making of the country.

En este trabajo se analizan las crisis económicas registradas en la economía española desde la Gran Depresión hasta el momento actual con una fundamentación teórica en el marco de la economía institucional. Concretamente se identifican y analizan los cambios institucionales o en las reglas de juego que han podido desencadenar crisis económicas o agravarlas y, a su vez, los cambios institucionales que, desencadenados por las crisis económicas, han determinado la senda institucional (path dependence) de la economía española durante el último siglo. Además de las crisis económicas, se estudian en perspectiva histórica tres factores complementarios de significada relevancia para la configuración de los marcos institucionales de la economía española: el Plan de Estabilización de 1959, la transición democrática y la incorporación de España a la Comunidad Económica Europea. Todos ellos tienen efectos directos sobre el policy-making del país., This paper discusses the economic crises in Spain, from the Great Depression to current recession. Institutional economics offers the theoretical framework for identifying and analyzing the institutions and the rules of the game that have triggered or aggravated the economic crises. This work identifies the institutional changes, caused by economic depressions, which have determined the path dependence of Spanish economy during the last century. In addition, this article analyzes in historical perspective three factors relevant for the institutional environment of the Spanish economy: the Stabilization Plan of 1959, the democratic Spanish transition and Spain joined the European Economic Community. They all have direct effects on policy-making of the country.

Los estudios sobre el desarrollo sostenible de los territorios y la gestión de recursos naturales han constituido un campo de enorme interés académico en las últimas décadas (Ostrom, 1990; Agrawal, 2014; Ferrando et al., 2021; Gusjoy y Faisal, 2021). Con el desarrollo de una economía postindustrial, en la que la gestión de recursos inmateriales se vuelve cada vez más importante (Pasquinelli, 2008; Lazzarato, 2012), la gestión de recursos materiales es una condición necesaria pero no suficiente para alcanzar el desarrollo sostenible (Fernández-Fernández et al., 2015; Alonso González, 2014; Zepeda et al., 2014). Los recursos inmateriales protagonizan una función más estructural en los procesos de valorización de las actividades productivas, lo que pronostica que la gestión colectiva de los mismos tendrá un impacto positivo en el desarrollo sostenible, junto con la gestión de los recursos materiales locales (Comaroff y Comaroff, 2009; Callon, Méadel y Rabehariosa, 2002). Para poder analizar la creación de valor en una economía postindustrial, en esta tesis doctoral, se ha optado por dos aproximaciones metodológicas. Para la elaboración del marco teórico se ha realizado el análisis temático de la literatura académica acerca de los bienes comunes, la economía del conocimiento y la gobernanza de los sistemas agroalimentarios. Este análisis temático ha permitido la elaboración de un modelo sintético de análisis de las vías de valorización de los recursos inmateriales. Por otro lado, para el análisis de las figuras de gobernanza se ha optado por el análisis de casos en contextos sociales y geográficos diversos como metodología para alcanzar los objetivos planteados. Ante el desarrollo de una economía postindustrial se hace necesario realizar una propuesta para el análisis de los recursos inmateriales, ya que la generación de valor en una economía de este tipo no se limita a la simple gestión de recursos materiales. Así, tomando como referencia a Rullani (2004a, 2004b) se propone un modelo cualitativo de creación de valor en una economía del conocimiento a partir de tres elementos: la capacidad de interpretación por parte de los consumidores de los significados incorporados en la producción material de alimentos, la cantidad de veces que se propagan y replican estos significados, y la capacidad de apropiación del valor generado entre los distintos actores que participan en su producción y sostenimiento. A estos tres elementos habría que destacar la incorporación de mediadores cognitivos., Studies on the sustainable development of territories and the management of natural resources have been a field of enormous academic interest in recent decades (Ostrom, 1990; Agrawal, 2014; Ferrando et al., 2021; Gusjoy and Faisal, 2021). With the development of a post-industrial economy, in which the management of immaterial resources becomes increasingly important (Pasquinelli, 2008; Lazzarato, 2012), the management of material resources is a necessary but not sufficient condition to achieve sustainable development (Fernández-Fernández et al., 2015; Alonso González, 2014; Zepeda et al., 2014). Immaterial resources play a more structural role in the valorisation processes of productive activities, which predicts that their collective management will have a positive impact on sustainable development, together with the management of local material resources (Comaroff and Comaroff, 2009; Callon, Méadel, and Rabehariosa, 2002). In order to analyse the creation of value in a post-industrial economy, in this doctoral thesis, two methodological approaches have been chosen. For the elaboration of the theoretical framework, a thematic analysis of the academic literature on commons, the knowledge economy and the governance of agri-food systems has been carried out. This thematic analysis has allowed the elaboration of a synthetic model of analysis of the ways of valuing immaterial resources. On the other hand, for the analysis of governance figures, the analysis of cases in diverse social and geographical contexts has been chosen as a methodology to achieve the stated objectives. Given the development of a post-industrial economy, it is necessary to make a proposal for the analysis of immaterial resources, since the generation of value in an economy of this type is not limited to the simple management of material resources. Thus, taking Rullani (2004a, 2004b) as a reference, a qualitative model of value creation in a knowledge economy is proposed based on three elements: the capacity of interpretation by consumers of the meanings incorporated in the material production of food, the number of times these meanings are propagated and replicated, and the appropriation capacity of the value generated among the different actors that participate in its production and maintenance. To these three elements we should highlight the incorporation of cognitive mediators., Tesis Univ. Granada., project "The social construction of food quality: Mediations between production and consumption in a 282 knowledge-based economy" (CSO2017 85188-R) Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of the Government of Spain

La presente tesis actualiza los estudios de carácter cuantitativo con una muestra del año 2017 que comprende 7478 hogares del país e incluye nuevas variables del bienestar subjetivo. Para complementar el estudio surge la necesidad de obtener evidencia de terreno, de tal forma que el conocimiento sobre el sumak kawsay no parta de visiones intelectuales externas a las lógicas de la comunidad o de una preconcepción cuantitativa limitada, sino de testimonios locales, permitiendo un contacto real y concreto que se preocupe por involucrar activamente a la comunidad y no de estudiarla desde afuera como si se tratase de un objeto extraño. El acercamiento desde lo cualitativo se realiza con el objetivo de determinar elementos fundamentales de la felicidad para una población indígena en particular, por lo que se realizan entrevistas semiestructurados, observación participante y validaciones con la comunidad kiwcha kallari, en la provincia del Napo en la Amazonía ecuatoriana., Tesis Univ. Granada.