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In this paper we analyze the reasons for voseo's vitality in Medellín (Colombia). Based on the data obtained through surveys and interviews, it can be affirmed that the vitality of the paisa voseo will continue to exist because the people of Medellin, although they consider the voseo a provincial term, do not stop using it, since they do not mind being evaluated as provincials due to their humble and proud character. Thus, the voseo will continue to be the identity symbol of the paisa group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this study is to analyse both the use of lo and null object to refer to third person direct objects in an oral corpus of Tzutujil-Spanish bilinguals from the village of Chicacao, Guatemala. The corpus's direct object marking system is characterized by two variants: a) the use of lo as the only third person direct object pronoun, i.e. as an invariable morph; b) its omission, i.e., the production of a zero morph. We put forward that these changes belong to a pronominal system reorganization process caused by the bilingual situation of the region, and an intense contact with Tzutujil, that has caused an acceleration of the grammaticalization process of the Spanish pronominal system of direct object to an object concordance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work we will approach the analysis of a phenomenon of variation of Spanish in contact with Quechua from the theoretical perspective of Contact Linguistics. We will analyze the innovative functions of the marker ya también in an oral corpus compiled in the province of Cuzco, Peru. In the corpus, ya también is used as a marker that possess the inclusion and ordering values of the adverb también, as well as the update of a change or new information and emphasis that have been indicated for the adverb ya in Spanish (Delbecque 2006; Deloor 2011; Garrido 1993; Girón Alconchel 2011). On the other hand, it has developed innovative values as a discursive marker since it behaves as a focuser to address the interlocutor's attention to certain new or added information in the conversation, or in the narration of events that contrasts with previous information. We postulate that the observed phenomenon is a contact induced change with the Quechua language that has emerged from the exploitation of the linguistic resources available to the bilingual speaker, especially in those areas in which he perceives similarities in both languages, creating thus innovative communication strategies that allow a more effective interaction (Jarvis & Pavlenko 2008; Palacios 2013; Palacios & Pfänder 2014). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to describe and explain the values of pluscuamperfect (past perfect) tense in Andean Spanish. To achieve our purpose that, we analysed 15 semi-structured oral interviews of Quechua-Spanish bilingual speakers, in the district of Chinchero (Cuzco, Peru), which were done in 2011 and 2012. The analysis of the corpus shows that the use of pluscuamperfect tense does not coincide with the usual one, that is indicate a past event previous to another past event. Otherwise it seems to be related with validation of the information and reportative or evidentiality values and is used to narrate events not lived and legends, events whose veracity is not reliable, and to express mirativity facing received information or occurred events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]