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2. Il Sistema di distribuzione della dose in uso al CNAO

Author

Donetti, M, Giordanengo, S, Garella, Ma, Marchetto, F, Ciocca, M, Mazza, G, Mairani, A, Mirandola, A, Molinelli, S, Hosseini, Seyed Mohammad Amin, Peroni, Cristiana, Sacchi, Roberto, Vilches, G, and Cirio, Roberto

Published
2013

11. Dose delivery system at CNAO

Author

Donetti, M, Ansarinejad, Abdolkazem, Bourhaleb, F, Capasso, L, Cirio, Roberto, Ciocca, M, Garella, Ma, Giordanengo, Simona, Hosseini, Seyed Mohammad Amin, Lavagno, M, Marchetto, F, Mazza, G, Mirandola, A, Pardo Montero, J, Pecka, A, Peroni, Cristiana, Sacchi, Roberto, and Zampieri, A.

Subjects
hadrontherapy
Published
2012

17. Investigation on the impact of ripple filters on the biological modeling of the beam delivery line for active scan irradiation technique in heavy-ion radiotherapy

Author

Bourhaleb, F, Attili, A, Russo, Germano, Schmitt, Elke, Marchetto, F, Giordanengo, Simona, Monaco, Vincenzo, Sacchi, Roberto, Donetti, M, Garella, Ma, Cirio, Roberto, and Peroni, Cristiana

Subjects
ddc: 610, Physics::Medical Physics, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine
Abstract

Background:The beam delivery line of the active scanning irradiation system for proton and carbon ion radiation therapy requires ripple filters to broad the very sharp Bragg peak at low kinetic energies. Usually the ripple filters are optimized only for physical dose profiles. However, it is necessary[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], PTCOG 48; Meeting of the Particle Therapy Co-Operative Group

Published
2009
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19. Preliminary characterization of the beam monitors for CNAO with the PSI clinical proton beam

Author

Giordanengo, S, Donetti, M, Garella, MA, Ansarinejad, C, Tomba, C, Lin, S, Attili, A, Bourhaleb, F, Cirio, R, Marchetto, F, Monaco, V, Pedroni, E, Peroni, C, Russo, G, and Sacchi, R

Subjects
ddc: 610, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine
Abstract

Purpose:The beam monitors for CNAO (Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica), developed and built in collaboration between INFN, Torino University and CNAO foundation, are ready to be installed on the CNAO nozzle. A basic debug of the detectors with X-rays was done and a more precise characterization[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], PTCOG 48; Meeting of the Particle Therapy Co-Operative Group

Published
2009
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22. Superposition of radiobiological effects in carbon ion treatments

Author

Russo, Germano, Attili, A, Bourhaleb, F, Falvo D’Urso Labate, G, Marchetto, F, Cirio, Roberto, Donetti, M, Garella, Ma, Giordanengo, Simona, Givehchi, Nasim, Monaco, Vincenzo, Pardo, J, Pecka, A, Peroni, Cristiana, and Sacchi, Roberto

Published
2008

35. The CNAO dose delivery system for modulated scanning ion beam radiotherapy.

Author

Giordanengo S, Garella MA, Marchetto F, Bourhaleb F, Ciocca M, Mirandola A, Monaco V, Hosseini MA, Peroni C, Sacchi R, Cirio R, and Donetti M

Subjects
Carbon therapeutic use, Equipment Design, Humans, Magnets, Proton Therapy, Quality Assurance, Health Care, Synchrotrons, Ions therapeutic use, Radiotherapy instrumentation
Abstract

Purpose: This paper describes the system for the dose delivery currently used at the Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO) for ion beam modulated scanning radiotherapy., Methods: CNAO Foundation, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare and University of Torino have designed, built, and commissioned a dose delivery system (DDS) to monitor and guide ion beams accelerated by a dedicated synchrotron and to distribute the dose with a full 3D scanning technique. Protons and carbon ions are provided for a wide range of energies in order to cover a sizable span of treatment depths. The target volume, segmented in several layers orthogonally to the beam direction, is irradiated by thousands of pencil beams which must be steered and held to the prescribed positions until the prescribed number of particles has been delivered. For the CNAO beam lines, these operations are performed by the DDS. The main components of this system are two independent beam monitoring detectors, called BOX1 and BOX2, interfaced with two control systems performing the tasks of real-time fast and slow control, and connected to the scanning magnets and the beam chopper. As a reaction to any condition leading to a potential hazard, a DDS interlock signal is sent to the patient interlock system which immediately stops the irradiation. The essential tasks and operations performed by the DDS are described following the data flow from the treatment planning system through the end of the treatment delivery., Results: The ability of the DDS to guarantee a safe and accurate treatment was validated during the commissioning phase by means of checks of the charge collection efficiency, gain uniformity of the chambers, and 2D dose distribution homogeneity and stability. A high level of reliability and robustness has been proven by three years of system activity needing rarely more than regular maintenance and working with 100% uptime. Four identical and independent DDS devices have been tested showing comparable performances and are presently in use on the CNAO beam lines for clinical activity., Conclusions: The dose delivery system described in this paper is one among the few worldwide existing systems to operate ion beam for modulated scanning radiotherapy. At the time of writing, it has been used to treat more than 350 patients and it has proven to guide and control the therapeutic pencil beams reaching performances well above clinical requirements. In particular, in terms of dose accuracy and stability, daily quality assurance measurements have shown dose deviations always lower than the acceptance threshold of 5% and 2.5%, respectively.

Published
2015
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36. Online beam monitoring in the treatment of ocular pathologies at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud-Catania.

Author

Givehchi N, Marchetto F, Valastro LM, Ansarinejad A, Attili A, Garella MA, Giordanengo S, Monaco V, Montero JP, Sacchi R, Boriano A, Bourhaleb F, Cirio R, La Rosa A, Pecka A, Peroni C, Cirrone GA, Cuttone G, Donetti M, Iliescu S, Pittera S, and Raffaele L

Subjects
Humans, Eye Diseases radiotherapy, Laboratories, Proton Therapy, Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted methods
Abstract

A detector (MOPI) has been developed for the online monitoring of the beam at the Centro di AdroTerapia e Applicazioni Nucleari Avanzate (CATANA), where shallow tumours of the ocular region are treated with 62 MeV protons. At CATANA the beam is passively spread to match the tumour shape. The uniformity of the delivered dose depends on beam geometrical quantities which are checked before each treatment. However, beam instabilities might develop during the irradiation affecting the dose distribution. This paper reports on the use of the MOPI detector to measure the stability of the beam profile during the irradiation in the clinical practice. The results obtained in the treatment of 54 patients are also presented., (Copyright © 2010 Associazione Italiana di Fisica Medica. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2011
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37. Heuristic optimization of the scanning path of particle therapy beams.

Author

Pardo J, Donetti M, Bourhaleb F, Ansarinejad A, Attili A, Cirio R, Garella MA, Giordanengo S, Givehchi N, La Rosa A, Marchetto F, Monaco V, Pecka A, Peroni C, Russo G, and Sacchi R

Subjects
Computer Simulation, Humans, Radiotherapy Dosage, Scattering, Radiation, Models, Biological, Particle Accelerators, Radiometry methods, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted methods, Radiotherapy, Conformal methods
Abstract

Quasidiscrete scanning is a delivery strategy for proton and ion beam therapy in which the beam is turned off when a slice is finished and a new energy must be set but not during the scanning between consecutive spots. Different scanning paths lead to different dose distributions due to the contribution of the unintended transit dose between spots. In this work an algorithm to optimize the scanning path for quasidiscrete scanned beams is presented. The classical simulated annealing algorithm is used. It is a heuristic algorithm frequently used in combinatorial optimization problems, which allows us to obtain nearly optimal solutions in acceptable running times. A study focused on the best choice of operational parameters on which the algorithm performance depends is presented. The convergence properties of the algorithm have been further improved by using the next-neighbor algorithm to generate the starting paths. Scanning paths for two clinical treatments have been optimized. The optimized paths are found to be shorter than the back-and-forth, top-to-bottom (zigzag) paths generally provided by the treatment planning systems. The gamma method has been applied to quantify the improvement achieved on the dose distribution. Results show a reduction of the transit dose when the optimized paths are used. The benefit is clear especially when the fluence per spot is low, as in the case of repainting. The minimization of the transit dose can potentially allow the use of higher beam intensities, thus decreasing the treatment time. The algorithm implemented for this work can optimize efficiently the scanning path of quasidiscrete scanned particle beams. Optimized scanning paths decrease the transit dose and lead to better dose distributions.

Published
2009
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