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1. Built environment correlates of diabetes and obesity: Methodology

Author

Garudam R Aarthi, Rajendra Pradeepa, Viswanathan Mohan, Padma Venkatasubramanian, and Ranjit M Anjana

Subjects
built environment, diabesity, food environment, physical activity areas, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
Abstract

Background: A city’s planning, design, and construction can have a profound influence on health, specifically on non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and obesity, which are often referred to as “diabesity.” This study describes the designs and methods to understand the relationship between food and physical activity environments on diabesity. Materials and Methods: This study was a community-based cross-sectional door-to-door survey conducted as part of a large National Institute of Health and Care Research-funded surveillance project. For this study, two wards in Chennai were selected randomly. In each ward, five community enumeration blocks were selected using systematic random sampling technique. A consecutive sampling approach was used to select the study participants. Two categories of data were collected: (1) health data and (2) built environment (BE) data. Health and lifestyle questionnaires, anthropometric, and biochemical data were collected from all the study participants. For categorizing BE, an online questionnaire was developed using the KoBo toolbox to collect information about food and physical activity environments, as well as geographic locations. Expected Outcome: This study is expected to reveal data on the relationship between food and physical activity environments and diabesity. It will help policy-makers to understand the importance of access to healthy foods and spaces for physical activity in prevention and control of diabesity. It can also enable community-based interventions to improve health outcomes and help urban planners to plan cities that promote active lifestyles for its residents.

Published
2022
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2. Data Resource Profile: Understanding the patterns and determinants of health in South Asians - South Asia Biobank

Author

Jaspal S. Kooner, Anuradhani Kasturiratne, Malabika Sarker, Marisa Miraldo, Samreen Siddiqui, Fred Hersch, Rajendra Pradeepa, Sujeet Jha, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Marie Loh, Franco Sassi, Malay K Mridha, Sophie E. Day, Garudam R Aarthi, Polly Page, Jonathan Valabhji, Mehedi Hasan, Soren Brage, Ian Y. Goon, Sara Mahmood, Rajan Kamalesh, John C. Chambers, Wnurinham Silva, Ananda R. Wickremasinghe, Peige Song, Khadija Irfan Khawaja, Gary Frost, Sajjad Ahmed, Nicholas J. Wareham, Baldeesh Rai, Ananya Gupta, Saira Afzal, Bridget A. Holmes, Prasad Katulanda, Dian Kusuma, Elisa Pineda, and Nita G. Forouhi

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Waist, business.industry, Population, Disease, medicine.disease, Biobank, Obesity, Environmental health, medicine, Medical history, Social determinants of health, education, business, Socioeconomic status
Abstract

Background and aimsThis paper describes the data resource profile of South Asia Biobank (SAB), which was set up in South Asia from November 2018 to March 2020, to identify the risk factors and their complex interactions underlying the development of type-2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases in South Asians.Data resource basicsThis cross-sectional population-based study has recruited 52713 South Asian adults from 118 surveillance sites at five centres of excellence in South Asia (Bangladesh, North India, South India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka). Structured assessments of participants included six complementary domains: i). Registration and consent; ii). Questionnaire (information on behavioural risk factors, personal and family medical history, medications, socioeconomic status); iii). Physical measurements (height, weight, waist and hip circumference and bio-impedance for body fat composition, blood pressure, cardiac evaluation, retinal photography, respiratory evaluation); iv). Biological samples (blood and urine); v). Physical activity monitoring and vi). Dietary intake by a 24-hour recall. Aliquots of whole blood, serum, plasma, and urine were put into storage at −80°C for further analysis.Key resultsThe prevalence of obesity is 6.6% in Bangladesh, 19.7% in India, 33.9% in Pakistan and 15.7% in Sri Lanka. The prevalence of diabetes is 11.5%, 27.7%, 25.3%, and 24.8%, and the prevalence of hypertension is 26.7%, 36.9%, 44.5%, 35.0% in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka respectively.Collaboration and data accessSAB is the first comprehensive biobank of South Asian individuals. Collected data are available to the global scientific community upon request.

Published
2020

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