104 results on '"Gaspar de Matos, M."'
Search Results
2. Adolescent social emotional skills, resilience and behavioral problems during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study in three European countries
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Martinsone, B, Stokenberga, I, Damberga, I, Supe, I, Simões, C, Lebre, P, Canha, L, Santos, M, Santos, A, Fonseca, A, Santos, D, Gaspar de Matos, M, Conte, E, Agliati, A, Cavioni, V, Gandellini, S, Grazzani, I, Ornaghi, V, Camilleri, L, Martinsone, Baiba, Stokenberga, Ieva, Damberga, Ilze, Supe, Inga, Simões, Celeste, Lebre, Paula, Canha, Lúcia, Santos, Margarida, Santos, Anabela Caetano, Fonseca, Ana Marta, Santos, Dória, Gaspar de Matos, Margarida, Conte, Elisabetta, Agliati, Alessia, Cavioni, Valeria, Gandellini, Sabina, Grazzani, Ilaria, Ornaghi, Veronica, Camilleri, Liberato, Martinsone, B, Stokenberga, I, Damberga, I, Supe, I, Simões, C, Lebre, P, Canha, L, Santos, M, Santos, A, Fonseca, A, Santos, D, Gaspar de Matos, M, Conte, E, Agliati, A, Cavioni, V, Gandellini, S, Grazzani, I, Ornaghi, V, Camilleri, L, Martinsone, Baiba, Stokenberga, Ieva, Damberga, Ilze, Supe, Inga, Simões, Celeste, Lebre, Paula, Canha, Lúcia, Santos, Margarida, Santos, Anabela Caetano, Fonseca, Ana Marta, Santos, Dória, Gaspar de Matos, Margarida, Conte, Elisabetta, Agliati, Alessia, Cavioni, Valeria, Gandellini, Sabina, Grazzani, Ilaria, Ornaghi, Veronica, and Camilleri, Liberato
- Abstract
Objectives: The consequences of long-lasting restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic have become a topical question in the latest research. The present study aims to analyze longitudinal changes in adolescents’ social emotional skills, resilience, and behavioral problems. Moreover, the study addresses the impact of adolescents’ social emotional learning on changes in their resilience and behavioral problems over the course of seven months of the pandemic. Methods: The Time 1 (T1) and Time 2 (T2) measuring points were in October 2020 and May 2021, characterized by high mortality rates and strict restrictions in Europe. For all three countries combined, 512 questionnaires were answered by both adolescents (aged 11-13 and 14-16 years) and their parents. The SSIS-SEL and SDQ student self-report and parent forms were used to evaluate adolescents’ social emotional skills and behavioral problems. The CD-RISC-10 scale was administered to adolescents to measure their self-reported resilience. Several multilevel models were fitted to investigate the changes in adolescents’ social emotional skills, resilience, and behavioral problems, controlling for age and gender. Correlation analysis was carried out to investigate how changes in the adolescents’ social emotional skills were associated with changes in their resilience and mental health adjustment. Results: Comparing T1 and T2 evaluations, adolescents claim they have more behavioral problems, have less social emotional skills, and are less prosocial than perceived by their parents, and this result applies across all countries and age groups. Both informants agree that COVID-19 had a negative impact, reporting an increment in the mean internalizing and externalizing difficulties scores and reductions in social emotional skills, prosocial behavior, and resilience scores. However, these changes are not very conspicuous, and most of them are not significant. Correlation analysis shows that changes in adolescents’ social emo
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- 2022
3. Bullying, Mental Health, and the Moderating Role of Supportive Adults : A Cross-National Analysis of Adolescents in 45 Countries
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Kim, S. S., Craig, W. M., King, N., Bilz, L., Cosma, A., Molcho, M., Qirjako, G., Gaspar De Matos, M., Augustine, Lilly, Šmigelskas, K., Pickett, W., Kim, S. S., Craig, W. M., King, N., Bilz, L., Cosma, A., Molcho, M., Qirjako, G., Gaspar De Matos, M., Augustine, Lilly, Šmigelskas, K., and Pickett, W.
- Abstract
Objectives: Relationships with supportive adults during adolescence may be a protective factor that lowers the risks associated with bullying. The current study aimed to examine the moderating role of supportive adults in the associations between bullying involvement (in-person and cyber) and mental health problems (psychological symptoms and low life satisfaction). Methods: Data from 45 countries and regions taking part in the 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study (N = 230,757) were used. Multivariable Poisson regression models were used to estimate relative risks of bullying on mental health. Effect estimates were compared across the number of supportive adults to examine a possible cumulative protective effect of relationships with supportive adults. Results: Bullying involvement was consistently associated with poor mental health across the 45 countries. Risk of mental health problems associated with bullying involvement was greatest among students reporting relationships with multiple supportive adults. This was true for all indicators of bullying involvement. Conclusion: Bullying remains a prevalent and harmful experience for youth worldwide. Merely having supportive adults is not sufficient in protecting youth from experiencing the mental health risks associated with bullying.
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- 2022
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4. Facteurs personnels et facteurs sociaux associés à la perception de santé et à la perception de bonheur dans une population adolescente non clinique
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Gaspar de Matos, M., Simões, C., Batista-Foguet, J., and Cottraux, J.
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- 2010
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5. How Are Adolescents Sleeping? Adolescent Sleep Patterns and Sociodemographic Differences in 24 European and North American Countries
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Gariepy G, Danna S, Gobiņa I, Rasmussen M, Gaspar de Matos M, Tynjälä J, Janssen I, Kalman M, Villeruša A, Husarova D, Brooks F, Elgar FJ, Klavina-Makrecka S, Šmigelskas K, Gaspar T, and Schnohr C
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Public Health ,11 Medical and Health Sciences, 13 Education, 17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences - Abstract
PURPOSE:Insufficient and poor sleep patterns are common among adolescents worldwide. Up to now, the evidence on adolescent sleep has been mostly informed by country-specific studies that used different measures and age groups, making direct comparisons difficult. Cross-national data on adolescent sleep that could inform nations and international discussions are lacking. We examined the sleep patterns of adolescents across 24 countries and by gender, age, and affluence groups. METHODS:We obtained sleep data on 165,793 adolescents (mean age 13.5 years; 50.5% girls) in 24 European and North American countries from the recent cross-sectional Health Behaviour in School-aged Children surveys (2013-2014 and 2017-2018). For each country, we calculated the age-standardized mean in sleep duration, timing, and consistency and the proportions meeting sleep recommendations on school and nonschool days from self-reported bedtimes and wake times. We conducted stratified analyses by gender, age, and family affluence group. RESULTS:Adolescent sleep patterns varied cross-nationally. The average sleep duration ranged between 7:47 and 9:07 hours on school days and between 9:31 and 10:22 hours on nonschool days, and the proportion of adolescents meeting sleep recommendations ranged between 32% and 86% on school days and between 79% and 92% on nonschool days. Sleep patterns by gender and affluence groups were largely similar, but older adolescents slept less and went to bed later on school days than younger adolescents in all countries. CONCLUSIONS:The sleep patterns of adolescents vary across countries and sociodemographic groups. Insufficient sleep on school days is common in many countries. Public health and policy efforts to promote healthy adolescent sleep are encouraged.
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- 2020
6. Adolescents’ stress - a challenge for adults in charge - The Improve the Youth project
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Kleszczewska, D, primary, Mazur, J, additional, Dzielska, A, additional, Gaspar, T, additional, and Gaspar de Matos, M, additional
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- 2020
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7. Emotional, behavioural and social correlates of missing values for BMI
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Fonseca, H, Gaspar de Matos, M, Guerra, A, and Gomes-Pedro, J
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- 2009
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8. Different drinking motives, different adverse consequences?:Evidence among adolescents from 10 European countries
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Wicki, M., Kuntsche, E.N., Eichenberger, Y., Aasvee, K., Bendtsen, P., Dankulincová Veselká, Z., Demetrovics, Z., Dzielska, A., Farkas, J., Gaspar de Matos, M., Roberts, C., Tynjälä, J., Välimaa, R., and Vieno, A.
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Male ,adolescence ,adverse consequence ,alcohol use ,cross-cultural study ,drinking motive ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Health (social science) ,Motivation ,Adolescent ,Alcohol Drinking ,Underage Drinking ,Europe ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Adolescent Behavior ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Journal Article ,Humans ,Female ,Developmental Psychopathology - Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM: This study, which builds on previous research demonstrating that drinking motives are associated with adverse consequences, investigates the associations between drinking motives and non-alcohol-attributed adverse consequences and disentangles alcohol-related and direct effects.DESIGN AND METHOD: On the basis of a sample of 22 841 alcohol-using 13- to 16-year-olds (50.6% female) from Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Ireland, Portugal, Scotland, Slovakia, Switzerland and Wales, structural equation models were used to estimate direct and indirect effects. Additionally, differences across countries were tested in a multigroup analysis.RESULTS: The indirect effect (via alcohol use) was greater for injuries and academic problems than for more general outcomes such as life dissatisfaction and negative body image. For social, enhancement and coping motives, we found positive indirect effects (via alcohol use) on injuries and academic problems; the association was negative for conformity motives. The direct effect, that is, the effect above and beyond alcohol use, indicated more negative consequences among those who tended to drink more frequently for coping motives. More negative consequences, such as injuries and negative body image, were also found among those who drink for conformity motives. The pattern of association was largely comparable across countries.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: While the actual mean level of drinking motives, alcohol use and adverse consequence varied across countries, the consistency of association patterns implies that drinking motive-inspired health promotion efforts are likely to be beneficial across Europe. This is particularly important for coping drinkers because they are especially prone to adverse consequences over and above their alcohol use. [Wicki M, Kuntsche E, Eichenberger Y, Aasvee K, Bendtsen P, Dankulincová Veselská Z, Demetrovics Z, Dzielska A, Farkas J, de Matos MG, Roberts C, Tynjälä J, Välimaa R, Vieno A. Different drinking motives, different adverse consequences? Evidence among adolescents from 10 European countries. Drug Alcohol Rev 2017;00:000-000].
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- 2017
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9. Different drinking motives, different adverse consequences? Evidence among adolescents from 10 European countries
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Wicki, M., Kuntsche, E.N., Eichenberger, Y., Aasvee, K., Bendtsen, P., Dankulincová Veselká, Z., Demetrovics, Z., Dzielska, A., Farkas, J., Gaspar de Matos, M., Roberts, C., Tynjälä, J., Välimaa, R., Vieno, A., Wicki, M., Kuntsche, E.N., Eichenberger, Y., Aasvee, K., Bendtsen, P., Dankulincová Veselká, Z., Demetrovics, Z., Dzielska, A., Farkas, J., Gaspar de Matos, M., Roberts, C., Tynjälä, J., Välimaa, R., and Vieno, A.
- Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext, Introduction and Aim. This study, which builds on previous research demonstrating that drinking motives are associated with adverse consequences, investigates the associations between drinking motives and non-alcohol-attributed adverse consequences and disentangles alcohol-related and direct effects. Design and Method. On the basis of a sample of 22 841 alcohol-using 13- to 16-year-olds (50.6% female) from Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Ireland, Portugal, Scotland, Slovakia, Switzerland and Wales, structural equation models were used to estimate direct and indirect effects. Additionally, differences across countries were tested in a multigroup analysis. Results. The indirect effect (via alcohol use) was greater for injuries and academic problems than for more general outcomes such as life dissatisfaction and negative body image. For social, enhancement and coping motives, we found positive indirect effects (via alcohol use) on injuries and academic problems; the association was negative for conformity motives. The direct effect, that is, the effect above and beyond alcohol use, indicated more negative consequences among those who tended to drink more frequently for coping motives. More negative consequences, such as injuries and negative body image, were also found among those who drink for conformity motives. The pattern of association was largely comparable across countries. Discussion and Conclusion. While the actual mean level of drinking motives, alcohol use and adverse consequence varied across countries, the consistency of association patterns implies that drinking motive-inspired health promotion efforts are likely to be beneficial across Europe. This is particularly important for coping drinkers because they are especially prone to adverse consequences over and above their alcohol use.
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- 2017
10. Prevalence and correlates of young people's sexual aggression perpetration and victimisation in 10 European countries: a multilevel analysis
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Krahe, B., Berger, A., Vanwesenbeeck, W.M.A., Bianchi, Gabriel, Chliaoutakis, Joannes, Fernandez-Fuertes, A.A., Fuertes, A., Gaspar de Matos, M., Hadjigeorgiou, Eleni, Haller, B., Hellemans, Sabine, Izdebski, Z., Kouta, Christiana, Meijnckens, Dwayne, Murauskiene, Liubove, Papadakaki, Maria, Ramiro, L., Reis, M., Symons, Katrien, Tomaszewska, Paulina, Vicario-Molina, Isabel, Zygadlo, A., Leerstoel Vollebergh, Afd ASW, Youth in Changing Cultural Contexts, Leerstoel Vollebergh, Afd ASW, and Youth in Changing Cultural Contexts
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Male ,Health (social science) ,Economics ,Intimate Partner Violence ,Poison control ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Age of consent ,Suicide prevention ,Belgium ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Prevalence ,Crime Victims ,health care economics and organizations ,Netherlands ,media_common ,Greece ,Politics ,sexual victimisation ,humanities ,Aggression ,Austria ,Multilevel Analysis ,Female ,Psychology ,sexual aggression ,Adult ,Department Psychologie ,Slovakia ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Alcohol Drinking ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sexism ,education ,Context (language use) ,Victimisation ,young people ,Young Adult ,Injury prevention ,medicine ,Humans ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,Assertiveness ,European Union ,European union ,Psychiatry ,Portugal ,Sex Offenses ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Lithuania ,social sciences ,Criminals ,multi-level correlates ,Attitude ,Spain ,Cyprus ,Poland ,Clinical Medicine ,Demography - Abstract
Data are presented on young people's sexual victimisation and perpetration from 10 European countries (Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Greece, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia and Spain) using a shared measurement tool (N = 3480 participants, aged between 18 and 27 years). Between 19.7 and 52.2% of female and between 10.1 and 55.8% of male respondents reported having experienced at least one incident of sexual victimisation since the age of consent. In two countries, victimisation rates were significantly higher for men than for women. Between 5.5 and 48.7% of male and 2.6 and 14.8% of female participants reported having engaged in a least one act of sexual aggression perpetration, with higher rates for men than for women in all countries. Victimisation rates correlated negatively with sexual assertiveness and positively with alcohol use in sexual encounters. Perpetration rates correlated positively with attitudes condoning physical dating violence and with alcohol use in men, and negatively with sexual assertiveness in women. At the country level, lower gender equality in economic power and in the work domain was related to higher male perpetration rates. Lower gender equality in political power and higher sexual assertiveness in women relative to men were linked to higher male victimisation rates.
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- 2015
11. Research Inventory of Child Health: A report on Roadmaps for the future of child health research in Europe
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Ottova, V, Alexander, D, Rigby, M, Staines, A, Hjern, A, Leonardi, M, Blair, M, Tamburlini, G, Gaspar de Matos, M, Bourek, A, Kohler, Lizanne, Gunnlaugsson, G, Tome, G, Ramiro, L, Santos, T, Gissler, M, McCarthy, A, Kaposvari, C, Currie, C, Colver, A, Vincent, J, Mackay, M, Polanska, K, Popescu, L, Roth, M, Groholt, EK, Raat, Hein, Truden, P, Mechtler, R, Veidebaum, T, Cerniauskaite, M, Meucci, P, Brand, A, Rasche, C, Rossi, G, Ravens-Sieberer, U, Erasmus MC other, and Public Health
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- 2013
12. Drinking motives mediate cultural differences but not gender differences in adolescent alcohol use
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Kuntsche, E.N., Wicki, M., Windlin, B., Roberts, C., Gabhainn, S.N., Sluijs, W. van der, Aasvee, K., Gaspar de Matos, M., Dankulincová, Z., Hublet, A., Tynjälä, J., Välimaa, R., Bendtsen, P., Vieno, A., Mazur, J., Farkas, J., Demetrovics, Z., Kuntsche, E.N., Wicki, M., Windlin, B., Roberts, C., Gabhainn, S.N., Sluijs, W. van der, Aasvee, K., Gaspar de Matos, M., Dankulincová, Z., Hublet, A., Tynjälä, J., Välimaa, R., Bendtsen, P., Vieno, A., Mazur, J., Farkas, J., and Demetrovics, Z.
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Item does not contain fulltext, PURPOSE: To test whether differences in alcohol use between boys and girls and between northern and southern/central Europe are mediated by social, enhancement, coping, and conformity motives. METHODS: Cross-sectional school-based surveys were conducted among 33,813 alcohol-using 11-to 19-year-olds from northern Europe (Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Ireland, Poland, Scotland, and Wales) and southern/central Europe (Belgium, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Slovakia, and Switzerland). RESULTS: Particularly in late adolescence and early adulthood, boys drank more frequently and were more often drunk than girls. Instead of mediation, gender-specific motive paths were found; 14- to 16-year-old girls drank more because of higher levels of coping motives and lower levels of conformity motives, whereas 14- to 19-year-old boys drank more because of higher levels of social and enhancement motives. Geographical analyses confirmed that adolescents from southern/central European countries drank more frequently, but those from northern Europe reported being drunk more often. The strong indirect effects demonstrate that some of the cultural differences in drinking are because of higher levels of social, enhancement, and coping motives in northern than in southern/central Europe. CONCLUSIONS: The results from the largest drinking motive study conducted to date suggest that gender-specific prevention should take differences in the motivational pathways toward (heavy) drinking into account, that is, positive reinforcement seems to be more important for boys and negative reinforcement for girls. Preventive action targeting social and enhancement motives and taking drinking circumstances into account could contribute to tackling underage drinking in northern Europe.
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- 2015
13. Prevalence and correlates of young people's sexual aggression perpetration and victimisation in 10 European countries: a multilevel analysis
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Leerstoel Vollebergh, Afd ASW, Youth in Changing Cultural Contexts, Krahe, B., Berger, A., Vanwesenbeeck, W.M.A., Bianchi, Gabriel, Chliaoutakis, Joannes, Fernandez-Fuertes, A.A., Fuertes, A., Gaspar de Matos, M., Hadjigeorgiou, Eleni, Haller, B., Hellemans, Sabine, Izdebski, Z., Kouta, Christiana, Meijnckens, Dwayne, Murauskiene, Liubove, Papadakaki, Maria, Ramiro, L., Reis, M., Symons, Katrien, Tomaszewska, Paulina, Vicario-Molina, Isabel, Zygadlo, A., Leerstoel Vollebergh, Afd ASW, Youth in Changing Cultural Contexts, Krahe, B., Berger, A., Vanwesenbeeck, W.M.A., Bianchi, Gabriel, Chliaoutakis, Joannes, Fernandez-Fuertes, A.A., Fuertes, A., Gaspar de Matos, M., Hadjigeorgiou, Eleni, Haller, B., Hellemans, Sabine, Izdebski, Z., Kouta, Christiana, Meijnckens, Dwayne, Murauskiene, Liubove, Papadakaki, Maria, Ramiro, L., Reis, M., Symons, Katrien, Tomaszewska, Paulina, Vicario-Molina, Isabel, and Zygadlo, A.
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- 2015
14. International trends in electronic media communication among 11- to 15-year-olds in 30 countries from 2002 to 2010: association with ease of communication with friends of the opposite sex
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Boniel-Nissim, M., Lenzi, M., Zsiros, E., Gaspar de Matos, M., Gommans, R., Harel-Fisch, Y., Djalovski, A., Sluijs, W. van der, Boniel-Nissim, M., Lenzi, M., Zsiros, E., Gaspar de Matos, M., Gommans, R., Harel-Fisch, Y., Djalovski, A., and Sluijs, W. van der
- Abstract
Contains fulltext : 150208.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), Background: Electronic media has become a central part of the lives of adolescents. Therefore, this study examines trends in adolescent electronic media communication (EMC) and its relationship with ease of communication with friends of the opposite sex, from 2002 to 10 in 30 European and North American regions. Methods: Data from the HBSC study were collected using self-report questionnaires from 11-, 13- and 15-year-old participants (N = 404 523). Results: EMC use has grown over the years in most of these regions and increases with age. Even though Internet usage is often blamed for its negative effects on teenagers' social interactions in the physical world, in this study EMC was found to predict ease of communication with friends. Especially, the more they use EMC, the easier they find it to talk with friends of the opposite sex. Although these findings suggest that EMC reinforces communication, the interaction between year (2002–2006–2010) and EMC usage was not significant. Conclusion: This finding contradicts research that suggests that EMC contributes to loneliness and isolation, and supports other studies that present electronic media as a powerful tool for helping to connect people.
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- 2015
15. Sleep deprivation in adolescents: Correlations with school achievement and health related quality of life
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Gaspar De Matos, M., primary, Gaspar, T., additional, Tome, G., additional, and Paiva, T., additional
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- 2015
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16. Health and well-being among child immigrants in Europe
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Molcho, M., Cristini, Francesca, Gabhainn, S., Santinello, Massimo, Moreno, C., GASPAR DE MATOS, M., Bjarnason, T., Baldassari, D., and Due, P.
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Europe ,Migrant Children ,Health Behaviour - Published
- 2010
17. Drinking motives and links to alcohol use in 13 European countries
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Kuntsche, E.N., Gabhainn, S.N., Roberts, C., Windlin, B., Vieno, A., Bendtsen, P., Hublet, A., Tynjälä, J., Välimaa, R., Dankulincová, Z., Aasvee, K., Demetrovics, Z., Farkas, J., Sluijs, W. van der, Gaspar de Matos, M., Mazur, J., Wicki, M., Kuntsche, E.N., Gabhainn, S.N., Roberts, C., Windlin, B., Vieno, A., Bendtsen, P., Hublet, A., Tynjälä, J., Välimaa, R., Dankulincová, Z., Aasvee, K., Demetrovics, Z., Farkas, J., Sluijs, W. van der, Gaspar de Matos, M., Mazur, J., and Wicki, M.
- Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext, Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the structure and endorsement of drinking motives and their links to alcohol use among 11- to 19-year-olds from 13 European countries. Method: Confirmatory factor analysis, latent growth curves, and multiple regression models were conducted, based on a sample of 33,813 alcohol-using students from Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Scotland, Slovakia, Switzerland, and Wales who completed the Drinking Motives Questionnaire Revised Short Form (DMQ-R SF). Results: The findings confirmed the hypothesized four-dimensional factor structure. Social motives for drinking were most frequently indicated, followed by enhancement, coping, and conformity motives, in that order, in all age groups in all countries except Finland. This rank order was clearest among older adolescents and those from northern European countries. The results confirmed that, across countries, social motives were strongly positively related to drinking frequency, enhancement motives were strongly positively related to frequency of drunkenness, and conformity motives were negatively related to both alcohol outcomes. Against our expectations, social motives were more closely related to drunkenness than were coping motives, particularly among younger adolescents. Conclusions: The findings reveal striking cross-cultural consistency. Health promotion efforts that are based on, or incorporate, drinking motives are likely to be applicable across Europe. As social motives were particularly closely linked to drunkenness among young adolescents, measures to impede the modeling of alcohol use and skills to resist peer pressure are particularly important in this age group.
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- 2014
18. Adolescents’ physical activity. A three-cohort study based on Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) Portuguese survey
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Marques, A., primary and Gaspar De Matos, M., additional
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- 2014
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19. RICHE - Research Inventory of Child Health:A report on Roadmaps for the future of child health research in Europe
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Ottova, V, Alexander, D, Rigby, M, Staines, A, Hjern, A, Leonardi, M, Blair, M, Tamburlini, G, Gaspar de Matos, M, Bourek, A, Kohler, L, Gunnlaugsson, G, Tome, G, Ramiro, L, Santos, T, Gissler, M, McCarthy, A, Kaposvari, C, Currie, C, Colver, A, Vincent, J, Mackay, M, Polanska, K, Popescu, L, Roth, M, Groholt, EK, Raat, Hein, Truden, P, Mechtler, R, Veidebaum, T, Cerniauskaite, M, Meucci, P, Brand, A, Rasche, C, Rossi, G, Ravens-Sieberer, U, Ottova, V, Alexander, D, Rigby, M, Staines, A, Hjern, A, Leonardi, M, Blair, M, Tamburlini, G, Gaspar de Matos, M, Bourek, A, Kohler, L, Gunnlaugsson, G, Tome, G, Ramiro, L, Santos, T, Gissler, M, McCarthy, A, Kaposvari, C, Currie, C, Colver, A, Vincent, J, Mackay, M, Polanska, K, Popescu, L, Roth, M, Groholt, EK, Raat, Hein, Truden, P, Mechtler, R, Veidebaum, T, Cerniauskaite, M, Meucci, P, Brand, A, Rasche, C, Rossi, G, and Ravens-Sieberer, U
- Abstract
RICHE is an FP7 funded project tasked with preparing a roadmap, or roadmaps, for the future of child health research across Europe. Using a life-course perspective, the project has designed, and carried out, an open, transparent, and justifiable process to make recommendations for future research funding. We acknowledge that such recommendations are value judgements, and our intent was to present a careful justification for those we made.
- Published
- 2013
20. Electronic media communication with friends from 2002 to 2006 and links to face-to-face contacts in adolescence: an HBSC study in 31 European and North American countries and regions
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Kuntsche, E.N., Simons-Morton, B., Bogt, T.F.M. ter, Sánchez Queija, I., Muñoz Tinoco, V., Gaspar de Matos, M., Santinello, M., Lenzi, M., Kuntsche, E.N., Simons-Morton, B., Bogt, T.F.M. ter, Sánchez Queija, I., Muñoz Tinoco, V., Gaspar de Matos, M., Santinello, M., and Lenzi, M.
- Abstract
Contains fulltext : 77010.pdf (author's version ) (Open Access), Objective: Because the potential for electronic media communication (EMC) has increased greatly, it is of interest to describe trends in EMC between adolescents and their friends and to investigate whether EMC facilitate or supersede face-to-face contacts among peers. Methods: Answers of 275,571 adolescents concerning contacting friends by means of the phone, text messages, and the internet (i.e. EMC), the number of close friends, and the number of afternoons and evenings per week spent out with friends were analysed by means of chi(2)-tests; and multiple regression. Results: In 2006, between more than one third (11-year olds) and nearly two thirds (15-year olds) communicated electronically with their friends daily or nearly daily. From 2002 to 2006, EMC increased in almost all participating countries. Particularly high increases were found in Eastern Europe. Across countries, the higher the frequency of EMC the higher the number of afternoons and evenings spent with friends. Conclusion: The results are surprisingly consistent across the 31 countries and suggest that EMC among adolescents facilitate rather than supersede face-to-face peer contacts.
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- 2009
21. Gender differences in smoking in young people. : A European report
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Lambert, M, Verduyckt, P, Maes, L, Van den Broucke, S, Nilsson, Maria, Danielsson, M, Amos, A, Bostock, Y, Gaspar de Matos, M, Gaspar Santos, T, Dür, W, Mravlag, K, Lambert, M, Verduyckt, P, Maes, L, Van den Broucke, S, Nilsson, Maria, Danielsson, M, Amos, A, Bostock, Y, Gaspar de Matos, M, Gaspar Santos, T, Dür, W, and Mravlag, K
- Published
- 2002
22. Emotional, behavioural and social correlates of missing values for BMI
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Fonseca, H, primary, Gaspar de Matos, M, additional, Guerra, A, additional, and Gomes-Pedro, J, additional
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- 2008
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23. Psychologie de la santé, spécificité du concept lorsqu’on parle d’enfants et d’adolescents
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Gaspar de Matos, M., primary
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- 2004
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24. Electronic media communication with friends from 2002 to 2006 and links to face-to-face contacts in adolescence: an HBSC study in 31 European and North American countries and regions.
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Kuntsche E, Simons-Morton B, ter Bogt T, Queija IS, Tinoco VM, Gaspar de Matos M, Santinello M, Lenzi M, HBSC Peer Culture Focus Group, Kuntsche, Emmanuel, Simons-Morton, Bruce, ter Bogt, Tom, Queija, Inmaculada Sánchez, Tinoco, Victoria Muñoz, Gaspar de Matos, Margarida, Santinello, Massimo, and Lenzi, Michela
- Abstract
Objective: Because the potential for electronic media communication (EMC) has increased greatly, it is of interest to describe trends in EMC between adolescents and their friends and to investigate whether EMC facilitate or supersede face-to-face contacts among peers.Methods: Answers of 275,571 adolescents concerning contacting friends by means of the phone, text messages, and the internet (i. e. EMC), the number of close friends, and the number of afternoons and evenings per week spent out with friends were analysed by means of chi(2)-tests and multiple regression.Results: In 2006, between more than one third (11-year olds) and nearly two thirds (15-year olds) communicated electronically with their friends daily or nearly daily. From 2002 to 2006, EMC increased in almost all participating countries. Particularly high increases were found in Eastern Europe. Across countries, the higher the frequency of EMC the higher the number of afternoons and evenings spent with friends.Conclusion: The results are surprisingly consistent across the 31 countries and suggest that EMC among adolescents facilitate rather than supersede face-to-face peer contacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2009
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25. Dream Teens: Adolescents-Led Participatory Project in Portugal in the Context of the Economic Recession
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Frasquilho D, Ej, Ozer, Em, Ozer, Branquinho C, Camacho I, Reis M, Tomé G, Teresa Santos, Gomes P, Cruz J, Ramiro L, Gaspar T, Simões C, Aa, Piatt, Holsen I, and Gaspar de Matos M
26. Adolescent social emotional skills, resilience and behavioral problems during the COVID-19 pandemic : a longitudinal study in three European countries
- Author
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Martinsone, Baiba, Stokenberga, Ieva, Damberga, Ilze, Supe, Inga, Simões, Celeste, Lebre, Paula, Canha, Lúcia, Santos, Margarida, Santos, Anabela Caetano, Fonseca, Ana Marta, Santos, Dória, Matos, Margarida Gaspar de, Conte, Elisabetta, Agliati, Alessia, Cavioni, Valeria, Gandellini, Sabina, Grazzani, Ilaria, Ornaghi, Veronica, Camilleri, Liberato, Martinsone, B, Stokenberga, I, Damberga, I, Supe, I, Simões, C, Lebre, P, Canha, L, Santos, M, Santos, A, Fonseca, A, Santos, D, Gaspar de Matos, M, Conte, E, Agliati, A, Cavioni, V, Gandellini, S, Grazzani, I, Ornaghi, V, Camilleri, L, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
- Subjects
COVID-19 (Disease) -- Psychological aspects ,social emotional learning ,longitudinal research ,COVID-19 ,Behavioral problems ,Adolescents ,Longitudinal method ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,M-PSI/04 - PSICOLOGIA DELLO SVILUPPO E PSICOLOGIA DELL'EDUCAZIONE ,adolescent ,Mental health -- Europe ,COVID-19 (Disease) -- Europe ,behavioral problem ,Behavior disorders in adolescence -- Europe ,mental health ,multi-informant approach - Abstract
Objectives: The consequences of long-lasting restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic have become a topical question in the latest research. The present study aims to analyze longitudinal changes in adolescents’ social emotional skills, resilience, and behavioral problems. Moreover, the study addresses the impact of adolescents’ social emotional learning on changes in their resilience and behavioral problems over the course of seven months of the pandemic., Methods: The Time 1 (T1) and Time 2 (T2) measuring points were in October 2020 and May 2021, characterized by high mortality rates and strict restrictions in Europe. For all three countries combined, 512 questionnaires were answered by both adolescents (aged 11-13 and 14-16 years) and their parents. The SSIS-SEL and SDQ student self-report and parent forms were used to evaluate adolescents’ social emotional skills and behavioral problems. The CD-RISC-10 scale was administered to adolescents to measure their self-reported resilience. Several multilevel models were fitted to investigate the changes in adolescents’ social emotional skills, resilience, and behavioral problems, controlling for age and gender. Correlation analysis was carried out to investigate how changes in the adolescents’ social emotional skills were associated with changes in their resilience and mental health adjustment., Results: Comparing T1 and T2 evaluations, adolescents claim they have more behavioral problems, have less social emotional skills, and are less prosocial than perceived by their parents, and this result applies across all countries and age groups. Both informants agree that COVID-19 had a negative impact, reporting an increment in the mean internalizing and externalizing difficulties scores and reductions in social emotional skills, prosocial behavior, and resilience scores. However, these changes are not very conspicuous, and most of them are not significant. Correlation analysis shows that changes in adolescents’ social emotional skills are negatively and significantly related to changes in internalized and externalized problems and positively and significantly related to changes in prosocial behavior and resilience. This implies that adolescents who experienced larger development in social emotional learning also experienced more increase in resilience and prosocial behavior and a decrease in difficulties., Conclusion: Due to its longitudinal design, sample size, and multi-informant approach, this study adds to a deeper understanding of the pandemic’s consequences on adolescents’ mental health., peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2022
27. An Overview of Health-Promoting Programs and Healthy Lifestyles for Adolescents and Young People: A Scoping Review.
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Raimundo M, Cerqueira A, Gaspar T, and Gaspar de Matos M
- Abstract
The health of children, adolescents, and young adults is a primary global concern. In 2021, there were 2.1 million deaths among children and adolescents. Injuries, violence, communicable diseases, nutritional deficiencies, substance use, non-communicable diseases, and mental health disorders are among the leading causes of death in this age group. Background/objectives: This scoping review aims to identify and describe health promotion and healthy lifestyle programs developed worldwide targeting adolescents and young adults. Methods: A total of 106 programs were included, of which 8 were selected through scientific databases and 98 through other research methods (e.g., government websites and other online sources). Results: The results show that Europe, North America, New Zealand, and the United States of America are the continents and countries with the highest number of programs. Most programs originated before 2020 and are aimed at children, adolescents, and young adults. Mental health, substance and non-substance dependencies, and sexual and reproductive health were the most frequent areas among the available youth programs. Most programs do not mention evaluating or monitoring the services provided. Conclusions: This work allows for a deeper understanding of the programs available for adolescents and young adults, providing an overview of their characteristics. Moreover, it emphasizes the importance of increasing the number of available programs, especially in countries with higher morbidity and mortality rates among the young population. The programs must be based on population studies to better meet their needs. Lastly, programs should become sustainable and integrated into national public policies, accompanied by ongoing training, supervision, and intervision of professionals working in these contexts.
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- 2024
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28. Civic engagement and mental health trajectories in Norwegian youth.
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Wiium N, Kristensen SM, Årdal E, Bøe T, Gaspar de Matos M, Karhina K, Larsen TMB, Urke HB, and Wold B
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- Male, Humans, Adolescent, Female, Social Class, Students psychology, Schools, Mental Health, Adolescent Behavior psychology
- Abstract
Introduction: Applying variable-centered analytical approaches, several studies have found an association between civic engagement and youth mental health. In the present study, we used a person-centered approach to explore whether civic engagement was related to optimal trajectories of mental health compared to other trajectories. We also examined how sociodemographic factors, such as socioeconomic status (SES), gender and age were related to youth mental health trajectories., Methods: Our sample comprised 675 students (aged 16-22) who had participated in three waves of data collection ( M
age = 18.85, SD = 0.55; 43% males) in the COMPLETE project, a cluster-randomized controlled trial that involved Norwegian upper secondary schools., Results: The results revealed three trajectories of mental health (reflecting a combination of mental distress and mental well-being): optimal, intermediate, and sub-optimal. Contrary to our expectations, higher levels of civic engagement were not related to the optimal trajectory of mental health vs. other trajectories. However, we found that students who reported higher levels of SES and males were more likely to follow the optimal trajectory compared to other trajectories., Discussion: While the findings on civic engagement could be due to our measurement's inability to capture the concept of "dugnad," a well-established civic activity in the Norwegian society, the findings regarding the influence of SES and gender suggest that there is still more work to be done concerning the assessment and advancement of factors that can address mental health inequalities across SES and gender., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Wiium, Kristensen, Årdal, Bøe, Gaspar de Matos, Karhina, Larsen, Urke and Wold.)- Published
- 2023
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29. Perceived Quality of Life and Life Satisfaction: Does the Role of Gender, Age, Skills, and Psychological Factors Remain Relevant after the COVID-19 Pandemic?
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Branquinho C, Moraes B, Noronha C, Ferreira T, Neto Rodrigues N, and Gaspar de Matos M
- Abstract
Background: After two years of psychological, physical, social, economic, environmental, and societal challenges, this paper examines the psychological health and well-being of Portuguese students based on their socioemotional skills (SSES), positive youth development (PYD), depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS), as well as the relationship between these variables and their influence on perceived quality of life and life satisfaction., Methods: This study examined 3235 students from lower to upper secondary, half of whom were female ( M = 14.46 ± 1.883 years old). Using SPSS software, descriptive statistics were determined for all variables; mean differences between age and gender were found using ANOVA and the post hoc Scheffe test. Linear regressions with the Enter method were used to study how to predict perceived quality of life and satisfaction with life., Results: Males had scores indicating more SSES|optimism, emotional control, resilience, confidence, sociability, creativity, energy, a sense of belonging to school, and PYD. Girls had better skills for cooperating and relating to teachers but more test anxiety and DASS. Younger adolescents had better psychological health, greater skills, and a better perception of quality of life and life satisfaction when compared to older adolescents. Age, gender, SSES, PYD, and the DASS variables can explain 69% of the variance in life satisfaction, while these variables can explain 60.5% of the variance in perceived quality of life., Conclusions: These results point to the relevance of SSES for psychological health and well-being, suggesting that interventions should focus on promoting these variables, paying special attention to female gender and age-related challenges.
- Published
- 2023
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30. Handwashing adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study based on protection motivation theory.
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Szczuka Z, Siwa M, Abraham C, Baban A, Brooks S, Cipolletta S, Danso E, Dombrowski SU, Gan Y, Gaspar T, Gaspar de Matos M, Griva K, Jongenelis M, Keller J, Knoll N, Ma J, Abdul Awal Miah M, Morgan K, Peraud W, Quintard B, Shah V, Schenkel K, Scholz U, Schwarzer R, Taut D, Tomaino SCM, Vilchinsky N, Wolf H, and Luszczynska A
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Hand Disinfection, Longitudinal Studies, Motivation, Pandemics prevention & control, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 prevention & control
- Abstract
Rationale: The associations between the number of COVID-19 cases/deaths and subsequent uptake of protective behaviors may reflect cognitive and behavioral responses to threat-relevant information., Objective: Applying protection motivation theory (PMT), this study explored whether the number of total COVID-19 cases/deaths and general anxiety were associated with cross-situational handwashing adherence and whether these associations were mediated by PMT-specific self-regulatory cognitions (threat appraisal: perceived vulnerability, perceived illness severity; coping appraisal: self-efficacy, response efficacy, response costs)., Method: The study (#NCT04367337) was conducted in March-September 2020 among 1256 adults residing in 14 countries. Self-reports on baseline general anxiety levels, handwashing adherence across 12 situations, and PMT-related constructs were collected using an online survey at two points in time, four weeks apart. Values of COVID-19 cases and deaths were retrieved twice for each country (one week prior to the individual data collection)., Results: Across countries and time, levels of adherence to handwashing guidelines were high. Path analysis indicated that smaller numbers of COVID-19 cases/deaths (Time 0; T0) were related to stronger self-efficacy (T1), which in turn was associated with higher handwashing adherence (T3). Lower general anxiety (T1) was related to better adherence (T3), with this effect mediated by higher response efficacy (T1, T3) and lower response cost (T3). However, higher general anxiety (T1) was related to better adherence via higher illness severity (T1, T3). General anxiety was unrelated to COVID-19 indicators., Conclusions: We found a complex pattern of associations between the numbers of COVID-19 cases/deaths, general anxiety, PMT variables, and handwashing adherence at the early stages of the pandemic. Higher general anxiety may enable threat appraisal (perceived illness severity), but it may hinder coping appraisal (response efficacy and response costs). The indicators of the trajectory of the pandemic (i.e., the smaller number of COVID-19 cases) may be indirectly associated with higher handwashing adherence via stronger self-efficacy., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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31. Pressure ulcer risk profiles of hospitalized patients based on the Braden Scale: A cluster analysis.
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Gaspar S, Peralta M, Budri A, Ferreira C, and Gaspar de Matos M
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- Humans, Nursing Assessment, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Cluster Analysis, Risk Factors, Pressure Ulcer epidemiology, Pressure Ulcer etiology, Pressure Ulcer prevention & control
- Abstract
Aim: The aim of this work is to identify the pressure ulcer risk profiles of hospitalized patients with reference to Braden Scale subscales., Methods: A total of 2996 hospitalized Portuguese participants were screened using the Braden Scale. A hierarchical and nonhierarchical cluster analysis was conducted, with ethical approval., Results: Five risk profiles (clusters) based on the first risk assessments were identified. Regarding the Braden Scale total score, two profiles with high risk and three profiles with low risk of pressure ulcer development were identified. All clusters were statistically significantly different in terms of sociodemographic and clinical variables. When the first and the last risk assessments were compared, all the clusters improved the Braden Scale total score on the last risk assessment, except Cluster 4 (low-risk category). Clusters 3, 4 and 5, which were classified as low risk, decreased in several Braden subscales at the last risk assessment., Conclusions: The classification of low risk may misguide the early identification of patients with individual risk factors. Increasing the awareness of health care professionals for the importance of risk assessment of each Braden subscale is necessary for pressure ulcer prevention. We recommend the implementation of strategies for early identification of patients at risk at local and national levels., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)
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- 2022
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32. Hospital-acquired pressure ulcers prevention: What is needed for patient safety? The perceptions of nurse stakeholders.
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Gaspar S, Botelho Guedes F, Vitoriano Budri AM, Ferreira C, and Gaspar de Matos M
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- Humans, Patient Safety, Reproducibility of Results, Leadership, Hospitals, Pressure Ulcer prevention & control
- Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to understand the perceptions of 11 Portuguese nurses' stakeholders regarding pressure ulcers prevention practice and reality in the hospital setting., Methods: Convenience sampling was used to recruit nursing stakeholders for a heterogeneous focus group. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 11 nursing stakeholders involved in pressure ulcers prevention and/or patient safety. MaxQda 2020 qualitative analysis software was used in the content analysis and data processing. Informed consent was obtained, and anonymity was guaranteed., Results: Four themes were approached in the interview: (1) Pressure ulcer risk assessment; (2) Nurses and doctors pressure ulcers monitoring; (3) Pressure ulcer risk profiles; and (4) Effective interventions to improve patient safety. The categorisation of the four themes was created aposteriori based on the 'Awareness/Knowledge/Competence, Opportunity, and Motivation - Behaviour Change Wheel' (adapted COM-B system). Interest, responsibility, autonomy, leadership and prioritisation for decision-making were some categories linked to motivation. Braden scale operationalisation, education given during undergraduate degree continued professional health education, missing care, reliability of the records and patients' clinical characteristics emerged as categories associated with awareness/knowledge/competence. Understaffing/nursing hours, health policies, electronic health records systems and clinical language used, access to appropriate equipment and resources, teamwork and clinical support specialist on tissue viability/wound care were some categories related to opportunity., Conclusions: Pressure ulcer prevention is complex and requires a focussed attitude, robust evidenced-based knowledge and enhanced skills in risk assessment, communication and team collaboration. The highlighted categories could be further analysed at an organisational level to develop tailored strategies that could contribute to successful evidence-based practice implementation., Relevance to Clinical Practice: The findings provide directions for behavioural change in the hospital context related to pressure ulcers prevention through awareness/knowledge/competence, motivation and opportunity to improve care delivered., (© 2021 Nordic College of Caring Science.)
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- 2022
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33. Shedding Light on the Lifestyle and Participation of Portuguese Adolescents with Chronic Conditions-Data from the HBSC 2018 Study.
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Cerqueira A, Botelho Guedes F, Gaspar T, Godeau E, and Gaspar de Matos M
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Variables associated with lifestyle can constitute either risk or protective factors for the development and progression of chronic conditions (CC). This study intends to explore the differences between adolescents with and without CC and between adolescents whose school participation is affected/not affected by the existing CC with regard to variables related to lifestyle (i.e., sleep, physical activity, BMI, and leisure). In addition, it also intends to analyze the influence of these variables (i.e., CC and lifestyle) regarding the adolescents' quality of life (QoL). This work is part of the Portuguese HBSC 2018 study. A total of 8215 adolescents participated (52.7% female), with an average age of 14.36 years ( SD = 2.28). The results showed that the adolescents with CC and whose school attendance and participation are affected by their CC exhibit more sleep difficulties (i.e., they experience lower sleep quality and have a higher degree of sleepiness), higher BMI levels (i.e., higher values of overweight and obesity), less participation in leisure activities, and a lower perception of QoL. A higher perception of QoL is associated with school participation unaffected by the existing CC, sleeping well, a low level of sleepiness, a more frequent practice of physical activity, a lower BMI, and a greater involvement in leisure activities. Adolescent health and well-being are a prominent issue in terms of public policies, with behavior and lifestyle playing a significant role in this domain. This message needs to be reinforced in regard to families, educators, healthcare professionals, and public sector policies, particularly concerning students with CC.
- Published
- 2022
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34. Individual and collective protective responses during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in 10 different countries: Results from the EUCLID online survey.
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Koller JE, Villinger K, Lages NC, Absetz P, Bamert M, Branquinho C, Chaves-Avilés L, Dimitropoulou P, Fernández-Fernández AL, Gaspar de Matos M, Griskevica I, Gutiérrez-Doña B, Hankonen N, Inauen J, Jordanova Peshevska D, Kassianos AP, Kolsenikova J, Lavrič M, Mitanovska T, Neter E, Poštuvan V, Trups-Kalne I, Vargas-Carmiol J, Schupp HT, and Renner B
- Subjects
- Female, Health Behavior, Humans, Male, Pandemics prevention & control, Surveys and Questionnaires, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 prevention & control
- Abstract
Background: In times of unprecedented infectious disease threats, it is essential to understand how to increase individual protective behaviors and support for collective measures. The present study therefore examines factors associated with individual and collective pathways., Methods: Data was collected through an online survey from 4483 participants (70.8% female, M = 41.2 years) across 10 countries from April 15, 2020 to June 2, 2020 as part of the "EUCLID" project (https://euclid.dbvis.de). Structural equation modeling was used to examine individual and collective pathways across and within countries., Results: Overall, the adoption of individual protective behaviors and support for collective measures were high. Risk perception on the individual level and perceived effectiveness at the collective level were positively associated with both individual protective behaviors and support for collective measures. Furthermore, the model explained considerable variance in individual (40.7%) and collective protective behaviors (40.8%) and was largely replicated across countries., Conclusions: The study extends previous research by demonstrating that individual risk perception and perceived effectiveness of collective measures jointly affect individual protective health behaviors and support for collective measures. These findings highlight the need to jointly consider a variety of behavioral actions against infectious disease threats, acknowledging interactions between individual and collective pathways., (Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2022
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35. Adolescent social emotional skills, resilience and behavioral problems during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study in three European countries.
- Author
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Martinsone B, Stokenberga I, Damberga I, Supe I, Simões C, Lebre P, Canha L, Santos M, Santos AC, Fonseca AM, Santos D, Gaspar de Matos M, Conte E, Agliati A, Cavioni V, Gandellini S, Grazzani I, Ornaghi V, and Camilleri L
- Abstract
Objectives: The consequences of long-lasting restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic have become a topical question in the latest research. The present study aims to analyze longitudinal changes in adolescents' social emotional skills, resilience, and behavioral problems. Moreover, the study addresses the impact of adolescents' social emotional learning on changes in their resilience and behavioral problems over the course of seven months of the pandemic., Methods: The Time 1 (T1) and Time 2 (T2) measuring points were in October 2020 and May 2021, characterized by high mortality rates and strict restrictions in Europe. For all three countries combined, 512 questionnaires were answered by both adolescents (aged 11-13 and 14-16 years) and their parents. The SSIS-SEL and SDQ student self-report and parent forms were used to evaluate adolescents' social emotional skills and behavioral problems. The CD-RISC-10 scale was administered to adolescents to measure their self-reported resilience. Several multilevel models were fitted to investigate the changes in adolescents' social emotional skills, resilience, and behavioral problems, controlling for age and gender. Correlation analysis was carried out to investigate how changes in the adolescents' social emotional skills were associated with changes in their resilience and mental health adjustment., Results: Comparing T1 and T2 evaluations, adolescents claim they have more behavioral problems, have less social emotional skills, and are less prosocial than perceived by their parents, and this result applies across all countries and age groups. Both informants agree that COVID-19 had a negative impact, reporting an increment in the mean internalizing and externalizing difficulties scores and reductions in social emotional skills, prosocial behavior, and resilience scores. However, these changes are not very conspicuous, and most of them are not significant. Correlation analysis shows that changes in adolescents' social emotional skills are negatively and significantly related to changes in internalized and externalized problems and positively and significantly related to changes in prosocial behavior and resilience. This implies that adolescents who experienced larger development in social emotional learning also experienced more increase in resilience and prosocial behavior and a decrease in difficulties., Conclusion: Due to its longitudinal design, sample size, and multi-informant approach, this study adds to a deeper understanding of the pandemic's consequences on adolescents' mental health., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Martinsone, Stokenberga, Damberga, Supe, Simões, Lebre, Canha, Santos, Santos, Fonseca, Santos, Gaspar de Matos, Conte, Agliati, Cavioni, Gandellini, Grazzani, Ornaghi and Camilleri.)
- Published
- 2022
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36. Positive Youth Development and Internet Use in a Sample of Spanish Adolescents.
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Gómez-Baya D, Grasmeijer AJ, López-Bermúdez E, Gaspar de Matos M, and Mendoza R
- Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of Internet in the adolescent population has increased. A growing research interest has been developed about the consequences of Internet use for adolescent development. Despite most studies have examined the impact of Internet use on some indicators of psychological maladjustment, few studies have addressed the detrimental impact on the positive indicators of mental health. Positive youth development (PYD) represents a positive view of adolescent transition to adulthood which focuses on building the strengths that make young people more resistant to negative outcomes and more capable to choose a positive life direction. This study aimed to analyze the relationships between different aspects of Internet use and overall PYD in a sample of Spanish adolescents. To reach this aim, a sample of 1,038 adolescents (50.1% boys, M age = 14.19, SD = 1.38), enrolled in 14 high schools in the city of Huelva (Spain), filled in some self-report measures of PYD and Internet use and experience, such as the frequency of Internet use on weekdays or weekends, the different uses of Internet (i.e., social networks, playing online, reading, surfing or looking for information, playing or downloading music, and searching, selling, or buying products), and the subjective experience using the Internet (i.e., acknowledgment of spending too much time playing or in the networks, and being in a bad mood if they do not play or use the networks). Results of a hierarchical regression analysis showed that the more hours using Internet on weekdays, the less PYD. Moreover, the experience of feeling bad when not using the networks and spending too much time with online playing was related to lower PYD. However, the use of Internet for reading or looking for information had a positive association with PYD. These results suggest some implications for practice, such as the need to promote an adaptive Internet use, by providing a safe online context that encourages the acquisition of positive social values and life skills., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Gómez-Baya, Grasmeijer, López-Bermúdez, Gaspar de Matos and Mendoza.)
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- 2022
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37. Bullying, Mental Health, and the Moderating Role of Supportive Adults: A Cross-National Analysis of Adolescents in 45 Countries.
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Kim SS, Craig WM, King N, Bilz L, Cosma A, Molcho M, Qirjako G, Gaspar De Matos M, Augustine L, Šmigelskas K, and Pickett W
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Humans, Mental Health, Schools, Students psychology, Bullying psychology, Crime Victims psychology
- Abstract
Objectives: Relationships with supportive adults during adolescence may be a protective factor that lowers the risks associated with bullying. The current study aimed to examine the moderating role of supportive adults in the associations between bullying involvement (in-person and cyber) and mental health problems (psychological symptoms and low life satisfaction). Methods: Data from 45 countries and regions taking part in the 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study ( N = 230,757) were used. Multivariable Poisson regression models were used to estimate relative risks of bullying on mental health. Effect estimates were compared across the number of supportive adults to examine a possible cumulative protective effect of relationships with supportive adults. Results: Bullying involvement was consistently associated with poor mental health across the 45 countries. Risk of mental health problems associated with bullying involvement was greatest among students reporting relationships with multiple supportive adults. This was true for all indicators of bullying involvement. Conclusion: Bullying remains a prevalent and harmful experience for youth worldwide. Merely having supportive adults is not sufficient in protecting youth from experiencing the mental health risks associated with bullying., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Kim, Craig, King, Bilz, Cosma, Molcho, Qirjako, Gaspar De Matos, Augustine, Šmigelskas and Pickett.)
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- 2022
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38. Health risk behaviors before and during COVID-19 and gender differences.
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Branquinho C, Paiva T, Guedes F, Gaspar T, Tomé G, and Gaspar de Matos M
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Health Risk Behaviors, Humans, Male, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Sex Factors, COVID-19
- Abstract
Changes in routines and habits, fear of contamination from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus, and economic crisis have resulted in significant impacts upon individuals' lives, health, and risk behaviors. The present study aims to analyze health risk behaviors and gender differences of Portuguese adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative analysis using SPSS v. 26 software presents the evaluation of 5746 responses (M = 48.5 years, SD = 14.3), of which 67.7% were female. t Test was used to study differences in means before and during the pandemic and analysis of variance test to analyze gender differences. In the comparative study before and during the pandemic showed a decrease in the number of meals per day, physical activity and perception of sleep quality; an increase in tobacco use, beer consumption, and media use (TV, mobile phone, social networks, and online games). Gender differences study demonstrated that the number of meals per day suffered a decrease from pre to pandemic in women, while increasing in men, becoming prominent in the second moment under study. Both genders had an increase in consumption behaviors and substance use, but women revealed a decrease in the consumption of wine during the pandemic, while men revealed more consumption behaviors in the variables under study. The use of media also changed, with men showing a higher level in TV hours per day, social networks and online games before the pandemic and in TV hours per day and games/online during the pandemic. Women stand out in the use of mobile phone per day during the pandemic. Daily physical activity decreased during the pandemic, as did sleep quality. Males revealed a higher practice of physical activity at both periods, as well as sleep quality. Based on the results presented, it is expected that considerations and actions in the scope of public health policies and health prevention and promotion, will be rethought and adapted to the specificities of each gender., (© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
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- 2022
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39. Correlates of Active Commuting to School among Portuguese Adolescents: An Ecological Model Approach.
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Loureiro N, Loureiro V, Grao-Cruces A, Martins J, and Gaspar de Matos M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Bicycling, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Portugal, Schools, Transportation, Walking
- Abstract
Active commuting to and from school can be an important contribution to improving health in adolescents. This study aimed to analyze the influence of multilevel variables of the ecological model in the active commuting of a representative sample of Portuguese adolescents. The 2018 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children questionnaire was applied to 5695 adolescents with an average age of 15.5 years old (SD ± 1.8), 53.9% of whom were girls. The associations were studied by applying chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression models. In this study, 36.5% of the participants reported walking or cycling to school. Active commuting to school was directly associated with age (OR = 1.2; p < 0.05), strong family support (OR = 1.2; p < 0.05), a moderate to low financial level of the family (OR = 1.3; p < 0.05) and living near the school (OR = 2.4; p < 0.05). The results revealed that an adolescent’s choice to travel to and from school using an active mode of transportation increased with strong family support. As a result, promotion campaigns should consider the adolescent’s family context.
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- 2022
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40. Family Environment and Portuguese Adolescents: Impact on Quality of Life and Well-Being.
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Botelho Guedes F, Cerqueira A, Gaspar S, Gaspar T, Moreno C, and Gaspar de Matos M
- Abstract
Background: A healthy and supportive family environment leads to more positive results regarding adolescents' development. The main objective of this study was to explore and analyze the relationship between adolescents' quality of life (QoL) and their family environment/relationship., Method: The sample was collected as part of the Health Behavior in School-aged Children 2018 study, which included 8215 adolescents, 52.7% female, with a mean age of 14.36 years ( SD = 2.28)., Results: Girls are more involved in family activities (such as family meals), report being treated with fairness by their parents and feel less parental pressure to get good grades. Boys have a higher perception regarding their family affluence, better family relationships and support and better QoL. Having an above-average QoL is significantly related to high family affluence, better communication with both parents, greater involvement in family activities, greater perception of help from parents regarding decision-making, greater perception of being treated with fairness by parents and less pressure from parents to get good grades, as well as a better family relationship/support., Conclusion: It is important to determine the impact that parental divorce/separation or a weak parent-child relationship can have on adolescents. It is also necessary to consider the family relationship and structure when devising strategies and public policies related to the promotion of adolescents' health and well-being.
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- 2022
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41. #COVID#BACKTOSCHOOL: Qualitative study based on the voice of Portuguese adolescents.
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Branquinho C, Santos AC, Ramiro L, and Gaspar de Matos M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, COVID-19 prevention & control, Education, Distance, Female, Humans, Male, Portugal epidemiology, Schools, Students, Surveys and Questionnaires, Universities, Young Adult, COVID-19 epidemiology, Communicable Disease Control
- Abstract
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the exponential increase in cases, educational institutions worldwide were forced to close, making way for digital learning. After a period of confinement and an online teaching methodology, a new school year has begun. However, this new school year included the application of a wide range of measures that transformed the educative setting. The present study aimed to understand the health consequences for adolescents and young adults (AYA) during the back to school period after the COVID-19 lockdown. This mixed-method study included 304 participants between 16 and 24 years old (M = 18.4, SD = 2.12), female (71.1%), Portuguese (90.8%) and students (85.2%). In general, it was with a pessimistic perspective that young people in general, particularly girls and university students, understood the new school reality postconfinement, the effects on friendship relations, leisure activities and physical activity. By demonstrating AYA's ability and competence to identify and expose their problems, this study intends to raise awareness of the need for their involvement in the issues that affect them., (© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
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- 2021
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42. Making the best out of youth-The Improve the Youth project.
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Gaspar de Matos M, Kleszczewska D, Gaspar T, Dzielska A, Branquinho C, Michalska A, and Mazur J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Anxiety, Child, Ethnicity, Humans, Schools, Mental Health, Peer Group
- Abstract
Adolescents' mental health determines their general health and their mental health as adults. Improve the Youth project (ITY) was created and implemented among Polish and Portuguese adolescents. The aim of the project was to investigate the well-being of Portuguese and Polish adolescents, and to evaluate differences between them in self-rated health, life satisfaction and perceived psychosomatic health. A mixed-method approach was applied. The quantitative part was based on Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) 2014 data, including adolescents aged 11-15 years (6026 in Portugal; 4545 in Poland). This study meets the issues raised by the HBSC results, regarding mental health in adolescence, and it is aimed to improve adolescents' social participation and active citizenship. In most study areas, findings in Poland were less favourable than in Portugal. The qualitative part was developed to recognize the main threats for adolescent's well-being. In this, they emphasised that every opportunity to talk about their feelings and needs resulted in improvement of their mental health. Elevated levels of stress were connected to environmental pressure and high expectations that they were often unable to cope with. Nervousness, perceiving that it was impossible to meet expectations, the desire to keep up with their peers, fatigue, and uncertainty of the future increased the feelings of frustration. The differences found between countries may be due to cultural roots, surfacing the relevance of assessing adolescents' mental health needs in the social context of family, school and peers. This study also aims to raise awareness among educators and stakeholders to the importance of youth engagement., (© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2021
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43. Foreign adolescents living in Portugal: Quality of life and school experiences.
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Botelho Guedes F, Cerqueira A, Gaspar S, Gaspar T, Calado P, and Gaspar de Matos M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Peer Group, Portugal, Students, Young Adult, Quality of Life, Schools
- Abstract
The present study intends to (1) analyze the differences regarding the quality of life between young foreigners and young Portuguese adolescents; (2) understand the relationship between variables related to the school context and the quality of life of foreign adolescents living in Portugal. In all, 8215 adolescents participated in this study, and only the sub-sample of 578 foreigners was considered. 50.3% are boys, aged between 10 and 22 years old. Foreign students in Portugal have a lower well-being index than Portuguese students and a worse relationship with peers and teachers. Foreign girls like school more than boys, have less difficulties in school and have a higher perception of security at this context. On the other hand, they have a lower perceived academic competence and a worse relationship with peers. The importance of developing programs to promote socioemotional skills, empowering teachers and educators, and promoting the adoption of an inclusive model in schools is highlighted., (© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2021
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44. Global Overview of Youth Development: Comparison of the 5 Cs and Developmental Assets Across Six Countries.
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Fernandes D, Pivec T, Dost-Gözkan A, Uka F, Gaspar de Matos M, and Wiium N
- Abstract
Positive Youth Development (PYD) frameworks which describe young people's strengths and their relation to thriving and risk outcomes have gained significance among developmental researchers globally. As these models are being increasingly adopted, concerns remain about their generalizability outside of North America. It has been observed that the distribution and salience of assets differ for young people based on their cultural context. To better understand these varying developmental patterns, this paper studies the distribution of developmental assets and 5 Cs (Competence, Confidence, Character, Caring, and Connection) in youth from various countries and contrasting backgrounds. The total sample consisted of 4,175 students (62.5% females) with age ranging from 15 to 25 years ( M = 18.95, SD = 2.49). 981 students were from Ghana (52.5% females), 900 students from Kosovo (66.7% females), 425 students from Norway (73.5% females), 247 students from Portugal (42.1% females), 648 students from Slovenia (63.4% females,), and 974 students from Turkey (68.7% females). Before comparisons of the countries, partial scalar invariance was confirmed. Analyses revealed that all countries differed in at least some internal or external developmental assets and at least in one of the 5 Cs. When considering internal assets, participants from Ghana seemed to have higher levels of internal assets together with participants from Norway who have the highest commitment to learning. Slovenian youth reported the highest levels of external assets of support and empowerment. Regarding the 5 Cs, Ghanaian youth reported having the highest confidence and character, and youth from Ghana, Kosovo, and Turkey are more caring and connected to others. The results uncovered unique patterns of PYD for each included country which are discussed through the lens of its political and social context. Through this focus on cross-national PYD patterns, this study advanced knowledge about the experiences of youth from a wide range of backgrounds and put forth suggestions for better policy measures and more culturally relevant interventions for optimal development of youth embedded in different cultures and countries., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The handling editor is currently organizing a Research Topic with one of the authors NW., (Copyright © 2021 Fernandes, Pivec, Dost-Gözkan, Uka, Gaspar de Matos and Wiium.)
- Published
- 2021
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45. Positive Youth Development and Wellbeing: Gender Differences.
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Tomé G, Gaspar de Matos M, Reis M, Gomez-Baya D, Coelhoso F, and Wiium N
- Abstract
The five C's of positive youth development (PYD) (competence, confidence, character, caring, and connection) have been associated with adaptive development among young people. Gender differences in young people's wellbeing and mental health have been studied and analyzed, but the investigation into their association with the five C's is still in its infancy. In the present study, we analyzed the influence of the five C's on the wellbeing, more specifically, anxiety, social alienation, general wellbeing, physical symptoms, and psychological symptoms, of Portuguese adolescents, by gender. Participants were 5
th -12th grade students attending public schools in Lisbon, Portugal. The questionnaire was administered to 384 adolescents. The results indicated important gender differences in young people's wellbeing. The results revealed some differences between genders that should be considered in interventions that aim to promote the wellbeing of adolescents. On the other hand, confidence was positively associated with mental health and wellbeing for both boys and girls, skill should be promoted among young people, because it was competence that revealed the greatest association with wellbeing, among the variables analyzed., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Tomé, Gaspar de Matos, Reis, Gomez-Baya, Coelhoso and Wiium.)- Published
- 2021
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46. Mental Health of Refugees and Migrants during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Experienced Discrimination and Daily Stressors.
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Spiritus-Beerden E, Verelst A, Devlieger I, Langer Primdahl N, Botelho Guedes F, Chiarenza A, De Maesschalck S, Durbeej N, Garrido R, Gaspar de Matos M, Ioannidi E, Murphy R, Oulahal R, Osman F, Padilla B, Paloma V, Shehadeh A, Sturm G, van den Muijsenbergh M, Vasilikou K, Watters C, Willems S, Skovdal M, and Derluyn I
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Mental Health, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Refugees, Transients and Migrants
- Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a defining global health crisis of our time. While the impact of COVID-19, including its mental health impact, is increasingly being documented, there remain important gaps regarding the specific consequences of the pandemic on particular population groups, including refugees and migrants. This study aims to uncover the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of refugees and migrants worldwide, disentangling the possible role of social and daily stressors, i.e., experiences of discrimination and daily living conditions. Descriptive analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the responses of N = 20,742 refugees and migrants on the self-reporting global ApartTogether survey. Survey findings indicated that the mental health of refugees and migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly impacted, particularly for certain subgroups, (i.e., insecure housing situation and residence status, older respondents, and females) who reported experiencing higher levels of increased discrimination and increases in daily life stressors. There is a need to recognize the detrimental mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on particular refugee and migrant groups and to develop interventions that target their unique needs.
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- 2021
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47. The Association Between the 5Cs and Anxiety-Insights From Three Countries: Portugal, Slovenia, and Spain.
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Kozina A, Gomez-Baya D, Gaspar de Matos M, Tome G, and Wiium N
- Abstract
Several of the most frequent psychological difficulties in childhood and adolescence are related to anxiety and lead to numerous short- and long-term negative outcomes in emotional, social, and academic domains. Empirical evidence consistently shows that the 5Cs (competence, caring, confidence, connection, and character) of Positive Youth Development (PYD) are positively related to adolescents' contribution to self, family, and society as well as negatively related to risky behaviors and emotional difficulties, such as anxiety. Thus, the PYD can be one of the models that informs prevention programs. To provide contextualized, data-driven support for prevention efforts, we have analyzed the predictive value of the 5Cs for anxiety and anxiety dimensions using three different convenience youth samples from Portugal ( N = 384, 46.6% female), Slovenia ( N = 449, 69% females), and Spain ( N = 768; 60.5% females). To assess the 5Cs, we used the same short form of the PYD scale in all samples (Geldhof et al., 2013) and different anxiety measures across samples: the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) in Portugal, the Lestvica anksioznosti za otroke in mladostnike anxiety scale (LAOM) in Slovenia and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) in Spain. The findings show significant associations of PYD and anxiety across all three contexts with all three different anxiety measures used. The associations vary across countries emphasizing the need to further research the role of contexts in anxiety prevention. Despite variations the results do indicate that connection is negatively associated with anxiety in all three contexts using the three anxiety measures, while confidence is a negative predictor and caring is a positive predictor of anxiety in Slovenia and Spain. Implications for practice within an educational framework for adolescents and youth are discussed, together with public policy recommendations., Competing Interests: The handling editor was organizing a Research Topic with one of the authors [NW]. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Kozina, Gomez-Baya, Gaspar de Matos, Tome and Wiium.)
- Published
- 2021
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48. Different levels of physical activity and depression symptoms among older adults from 18 countries: A population-based study from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).
- Author
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Marques A, Gaspar de Matos M, Bordado J, Gouveia ÉR, Peralta M, and Gomez-Baya D
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- Aged, Confidence Intervals, Depression prevention & control, Europe, Exercise physiology, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Symptom Assessment methods, Time Factors, Depression psychology, Exercise psychology
- Abstract
Objective: Analyse the relationship between different levels of physical activity (PA) and depression symptoms in a representative sample of European older adults. Methods: Data on PA, depression symptoms and sociodemographic variables from 64688 (28015 men) older adults participating in SHARE wave 6 was collected through a face-to-face interview. The EURO-D 12-item scale was administered for depression symptoms. Participants reported the frequency they engaged in moderate-intensity PA (MPA) and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA). Results: Men and women engaging in MPA and VPA once or more than once a week had less depression symptoms than those who engage less than once a week. MPA and VPA once or more than once a week were inversely associated with the depression symptoms score. Furthermore, engaging in MPA and VPA decreased the odds of depression (cut-off point of ≥4 depression symptoms) compared to engaging in PA less than once a week. Conclusions: Policies for promoting mental health should include PA for the prevention or treatment of depression symptoms. PA presents physical and psychological benefits and can be used as an overall health-promoting strategy, facing numerous problems at a time.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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49. National Survey on the importance of sleep in the quality of academic life and mental health of college students in Portugal.
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Reis M, Ramiro L, Paiva T, and Gaspar-de-Matos M
- Abstract
The academic years are a period of vulnerability when considering sleep problems and mental health. Growing evidence suggests poor sleep patterns are related to impaired academic life and lower psychological well-being. The aim of this study was to explore the importance of sleep habits and report the associations of sleep problems with quality of academic life and different dimensions of mental health (e.g. worries, anxiety, self-regulation and resilience) in a large sample of college students. The HBSC/JUnP data base comprises a representative sample of 2991 college students (n=2203; 73.7% women), aged from 18 to 35 years old (22.43±3.83). Participants socio-demographic characteristics included sex and age. Besides, participants were inquired about sleep duration, characteristics of their sleep habits, questions about quality academic life, namely feeling bored in university, pressure from academic work and academic performance perception and mental health, namely worries, anxiety, self-regulation and resilience. Results showed most young people report an average value for sleep habits (M=4.41; SD=1.46) and that they sleep an average of 7 hours a night. More than half of the young people report either being affected by difficulty falling asleep, showing signs of sleep onset insomnia (67.7%). The conducted analyses indicated that the difficulty falling asleep (having insomnia) was associated with poor/reasonable academic performance perception, higher levels of concerns and anxiety, and lower levels of self-regulation and resilience, thus jeopardizing the mental health of college students. In turn, that characteristics of sleep was also associated with poor sleep habits. In conclusion, this study showed that poor sleep habits were associated with a worse level of academic performance perception and low levels of mental health among college students in Portugal. Universities offer enormous potential as settings to promote sleep-health programs since they can reach many young people who are future-oriented and willing to learn. There is then the need for academic researchers, teaching staff and health professionals working for college students health, to develop and test a wide array of sleep-promoting interventions (e.g., education classes, online programs, adjustment of class time), thus preventing negative secondary outcomes.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. "Hey, we also have something to say": A qualitative study of Portuguese adolescents' and young people's experiences under COVID-19.
- Author
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Branquinho C, Kelly C, Arevalo LC, Santos A, and Gaspar de Matos M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Behavioral Symptoms etiology, Humans, Portugal, Qualitative Research, Young Adult, Adaptation, Psychological, Behavioral Symptoms psychology, COVID-19, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Social Interaction
- Abstract
Objective: (1) To give adolescents and youth a voice and listen to the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in their lives; (2) to identify their coping strategies; (3) present lessons learned to be better prepared for future pandemics., Methods: Six hundred and seventeen participants from 16 to 24 years old (M = 19.2 years; F = 19.1 years) answered the online questionnaire during the pandemic lockdown. Sociodemographic data were analyzed with SPSS version 26 and qualitative data with MAXQDA 2020. Engel's Biopsychosocial model supported the analysis and data presentation., Results: in terms of impacts, stands out: biological-headaches and muscle pain; psychological-more time to perform pleasant and personal development activities, but more symptoms of depression, anxiety, and loneliness, longer screen time, and more substance use; social-increase of family conflicts and disagreements, loss of important life moments, contacts, and social skills, but it allows a greater selection of friendships. Regarding coping strategies, the importance of facing these times with a positive perspective, carrying out pleasurable activities, keeping in touch with family and friends, and establishing routines are emphasized. As lessons for future pandemics, the importance of respecting the norms of the Directorate-General for Health, the need for the National Health System to be prepared, as well as teachers and students for online learning, and studying the possibility of establishing routines with the support of television., Conclusions: This study illustrates adolescents and young people's perception of the impacts of the pandemic upon them, as well as their competence to participate in the issues that directly affect them. Priorities to mitigate the impact of future pandemics are presented., (© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2020
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