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Objective: The correlation between anatomy features of impacted mandibular third molars (M3Ms) and prevalence of pericoronitis was only interpreted using univariate analysis. This study investigated this correlation using multivariable analysis to determine the relationship between pericoronitis prevalence and the M3Ms' anatomical features. Methods: This cross‐sectional study recruited 245 patients with 338 impacted M3Ms. One researcher collected participants' demographic characteristics such as sexes, age, side, and pericoronitis condition. The radiographic characteristics of M3Ms, including eruption direction and impacted levels according to Pell–Gregory classification, were assessed based on their orthopantomograms. Initially, univariate analyses were used to determine potential demographic and radiographic factors that correlated to pericoronitis. These factors were, then, analyzes using Firth's logistic regression. Results: No significant difference was found between non‐ and pericoronitis groups about sexes, age, side (p > 0.05). The univariate analyses showed that proportion of vertical impacted levels and eruption direction of M3Ms were significantly different between non‐ and pericoronitis groups. Firth's logistic regression analysis indicated that M3Ms with impacted level A were more likely to suffer from pericoronitis than ones at level B (odds ratio (OR) = 3.34), wheraes M3Ms impacted level II had higher risk of pericorinitis than ones at level I (OR = 1.63). Vertical M3Ms were more likely to develop pericoronitis than horizontal (OR = 5.78) ones. Conclusion: M3M angulation and impacted level are significant factors relating to pericoronitis prevalence. M3Ms with vertical eruption, vertically level A, and horizontally level B are more likely to have pericoronitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Studying in rabbit model, the bone behavior during the process of osseointegration of dental implants mimicking vitamin deficiency D3. Materials and Methods: Six rabbits received implants in the area of the removed lower first incisor after creating a condition of vitamin D3 deficiency. Afterwards, the examinations were carried out on days 3, 5, 7, 30, and 90 when all animals were removed from the experiment. At that time, a bone block was collected within the installed dental implant, with the intact area and the area of the adjacent tooth. The samples were examined by histomorphometry analysis. Results: In rabbits with vitamin D3 deficiency, dental implants could be osseointegrated by the regeneration of the bone tissues after surgeries. However, a decrease in the number of cells involved in the construction of bone tissue—osteocytes—was recorded in the regenerated bone (40% ± 7%) as compared with the native bone immediately after implantation, before the bone remodeling processes. Conclusions: The study's results on the rabbit model in vivo confirmed the relationship between vitamin D3 and the process of osseointegration. This in vivo experiment can be the basis for future clinical study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Can the type of implant rehabilitation influence peri-implant bone loss in case of full-arch mandibular prosthesis? The purpose of the study was to assess, using orthopantomograms (OPGs), the bone loss around implants in different types of implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitations and identify potential risk factors, associated with the number and location of implants, that may have an association with bone defects. Methods: A radiographic study was conducted on 22,317 OPGs from 2010 to 2024. All OPGs with implant-supported prosthetic mandibular rehabilitations were included in the study. Results: A total of 155 OPGs were evaluated, with peri-implant bone loss identified in 64 (41.3%). Distal implants (furthest from the center) across various positioning patterns were most susceptible to bone loss, with positions 3.6 and 4.6 demonstrating the most frequent occurrence (25 and 26 cases, respectively). The χ2 test revealed significant associations between both the implant positioning pattern (p < 0.001) and number of implants (p < 0.001) with peri-implant bone loss. Also, by updating the sample of OPGs, increased susceptibility to bone resorption was found for implants placed distal to the mental foramen compared to mesial ones in full-arch-implant-supported fixed prostheses. Conclusions: Prospective clinical studies will therefore be useful in investigating this finding further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To assess whether the presence or absence of keratinized tissue height (KTh) may have an influence on marginal bone levels, complications, and implant survival for short implants. Materials and Methods: The study was designed as parallel cohort retrospective research. Short implants with an implant length < 7 mm were considered. One cohort was composed of patients with short implants surrounded by ≥ 2 mm of KTh (adequate KTh); the other cohort included implants with < 2 mm of KTh (not-adequate KTh). Outcome measures were marginal bone level (MBL) changes, failures, and complications. Results: One hundred ten patients treated with 217 short and extrashort implants (4 to 6.6 mm long) were retrospectively included. The mean follow-up was 4.1 years after prosthetic loading (range: 1 to 8 years). The differences between KTh groups in MBL were not statistically significant at every follow-up considered: 0.05 mm at 1 year (P = .48), 0.06 mm at 3 years (P = .34), 0.04 mm at 5 years (P = .64), and 0.03 at 8 years (P = .82). A total of nine complications were reported: three in the not-adequate KTh group and six in the adequate group; the difference was not statistically significant (OR: 3.03, 95% CI: 0.68 to 13.46, P = .14). Five implants failed due to peri-implantitis, two in the not-adequate KTh group and three in the adequate group, without a statistically significant difference (OR: 2.76, 95% CI: 0.42-17.99, P = .29). Conclusion: This study showed no statistically significant differences in MBL, complications, and implant failure rates between short implants with adequate or not-adequate KThs. However, given the importance of patient comfort while brushing and plaque accumulation, keratinized tissue grafts could be important in selected patients, especially for those who are severely atrophic, also taking into consideration all the limitations of this study and the mediumterm follow-up. Nevertheless, longer follow-ups, larger numbers of patients, and randomized controlled clinical trials are needed before making more reliable clinical recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study investigates the psychological impact of COVID‐19 on burning mouth syndrome (BMS) patients. It focuses on comparing post‐traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), post‐traumatic growth (PTG), and resilience between BMS patients and Controls. Methods: A total of 100 BMS patients and 100 Controls from five Italian centers participated in this observational cross‐sectional study. They completed several assessments, including the General Health Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, National Stressful Events Survey Short Scale, Impact of Event Scale‐Revised, Post Traumatic Growth Inventory Short Form, and Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale. Results: BMS patients had significantly higher stress, anxiety, and depression (DASS‐21 score) and post‐traumatic stress symptoms (IES‐R‐6 score), particularly in terms of intrusive thoughts. They showed lower post‐traumatic growth (PTGI‐SF score) compared to Controls. The resilience scale (CDRS‐10) was a key predictor of PTG in both groups, explaining a significant variance in PTGI‐SF scores. Conclusions: BMS patients experienced heightened post‐traumatic stress, stress, anxiety, and depression during the COVID‐19 pandemic, with reduced post‐traumatic growth. This highlights the need to prioritize their psychological well‐being, focusing on stress management and fostering post‐traumatic growth in challenging times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ameloblastoma is a rare, benign, but locally aggressive odontogenic tumor that originates from the epithelial cells involved in tooth development. The surgical approach to treating an ameloblastoma depends on the type, size, location, and extent of the tumor, as well as the patient's age and overall health. This umbrella review's aim is to summarize the findings from systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses on the effect of radical or conservative treatment of ameloblastoma on the recurrence rate and quality of life, to evaluate the methodological quality of the included SRs and discuss the clinical management. Three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, The Cochrane Library) were checked. The primary outcome was the recurrence rate after surgical treatment, while the secondary outcomes were the post-operative complications, quality of life, esthetic, and functional impairment. The methodological quality of the included SRs was assessed using the updated version of "A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Review" (AMSTAR-2). Eighteen SRs were included. The quality of the included reviews ranged from critically low (three studies) to high (eight studies). Four studies were included in meta-analysis, and they revealed that the recurrence rate is about three-times more likely in the conservative treatment group compared to the radical treatment group, and this result is statistically significant. Despite the high recurrence rate, the latter was more appropriate in the case of smaller lesions and younger patients, due to better post-operative quality of life and reduced functional and esthetic impairments. Based on the results of this overview, conservative treatment may be recommended as the first-line approach for intraosseous ameloblastoma not involving soft tissue. However, given the expectation of a higher recurrence rate, it is advisable to reduce the interval between follow-up visits. However, further prospective studies are needed to establish the best treatment choice and follow-up period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Ongoing research has begun to develop innovative approaches to deliver local antibiotics while minimizing systemic side effects, antimicrobial resistance, and limited tissue penetration. Autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) offer promise in delivering antibiotics directly to infection sites. Despite the interest, a comprehensive evaluation of their effectiveness is lacking. Therefore, this systematic scoping review aims to collect and appraise studies regarding the efficacy of APCs in delivering antibiotics. Methods: A systematic electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, using a combination of keywords, was conducted up to February 2024. Articles addressing the use of APCs as a local antibiotic delivery system were included. Results: A total of 13 articles, including 10 in vitro studies, 1 in vitro and clinical study, 1 ex vivo study, and 1 clinical study, were selected. Antibiotic loading capacity and release was confirmed in all studies using doxycycline, gentamicin, linezolid, vancomycin, metronidazole, and penicillin. In addition, the antibacterial effect was obtained mainly against E. coli., P. aeruginosa, S. mitis, H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae, and S. aureus. Conclusions: The incorporation of antibiotics into APCs has been proven to facilitate the effective release of antimicrobial agents at optimal concentrations, potentially reducing the incidence of post-operative infections, substituting, or augmenting systemic antibiotic treatment while retaining APCs' inherent healing properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the microbiological profiles of peri-implant conditions is crucial for developing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. This narrative review analyzes the microbial profiles associated with healthy peri-implant sites, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis, along with related microbiological sampling and analyses. Healthy peri-implant sites are predominantly colonized by Streptococcus, Rothia, Neisseria, and Corynebacterium species, in addition to Gram-positive cocci and facultatively anaerobic rods, forming a stable community that prevents pathogenic colonization and maintains microbial balance. In contrast, peri-implant mucositis shows increased microbial diversity, including both health-associated and pathogenic bacteria such as red and orange complex bacteria, contributing to early tissue inflammation. Peri-implantitis is characterized by even greater microbial diversity and a complex pathogenic biofilm. Predominant pathogens include Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and unique species like Filifactor alocis and Fretibacterium fastidiosum. Additionally, less common species such as Staphylococcus and Enterobacteriaceae, contributing to disease progression through biofilm formation and increased inflammatory response, along with EBV and human cytomegalovirus with a still not defined role, and Candida albicans contribute to disease progression through biofilm formation, immune modulation, and synergistic inter-kingdom interactions. Future research should standardize diagnostic criteria, employ advanced molecular techniques, integrate microbial data with clinical factors, and highlight inter-kingdom interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case report describes an alternative minimally invasive fixed rehabilitation to approach an impacted maxillary canine (IMC) and the residual deciduous teeth. The patient refused any orthodontic treatment or surgical extraction of the IMC, asking for a fixed and fast option. Considering the available bone was about 5 mm in height, an immediately provisionalized postextractive 4-mm super-short implant was placed. Healing was uneventful. Two years after loading, the result was stable and the patient was fully satisfied. Within all the limitations of this case report, this approach could reduce rehabilitative times, possible complications, and costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case report describes the rehabilitation of an extremely atrophic posterior mandible using 4-mm ultrashort implants and reports clinical and radiographic outcomes 7 years after loading. The patient refused to undergo any other treatment, from the removable prosthesis to the reconstructive surgery, and asked for a fixed, minimally invasive solution in the shortest possible time. The residual bone height above the alveolar nerve was an average of about 5 mm, so it was decided to treat the patient with four 4-mm ultrashort implants. Within the limitations of this case report, this procedure appears successful at 7 years after loading in this specific case and could reduce invasiveness, rehabilitative times, and costs. However, longer follow-ups on a large number of patients coming from randomized controlled clinical trials are necessary before making more reliable recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate clinical and radiographic outcomes of guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedures in the rehabilitation of partially edentulous atrophic arches. A total of 58 patients were included with a follow-up of 3 to 7 years after loading. Data seem to indicate that GBR with nonresorbable membranes can be a good clinical choice and suggest that it could be used to vertically reconstruct no more than 6 mm of bone in the posterior mandible. However, this technique remains difficult and requires expert surgeons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case report describes the minimally invasive full fixed rehabilitation of a totally edentulous severely atrophic mandible. The patient refused to undergo any other treatment, from the reconstructive surgery to the removable prosthesis, and asked for a fixed minimally invasive solution in the shortest possible time. Considering that the posterior mandibular bone was inadequate in height and that the interforaminal bone was only 4.3 to 5 mm in height, the patient received four 4-mm-ultrashort implants in the interforaminal area that were immediately loaded. Within all the limitations of this case report this procedure in this specific case appears successful through 2 years of loading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Presence of clinical attachment loss on the distal aspect to the second molar may be associated with malposition of the third molar. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reduction of clinical attachment loss at the distal aspect of the second molar after third molar extraction and application of leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF). Method and materials: Eighteen subjects with a clinical attachment loss on the distal site to the second molar associated with impacted third molar in both sides of the jaw were recruited for the study. For each subject the teeth were randomly allocated in test and control groups. After surgical removal of the impacted third molar, the L-PRF was inserted in the fresh alveolar socket of test sites; in the control sites no graft was inserted after extraction. Full-mouth plaque score, full-mouth bleeding score, clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth, and gingival recession were assessed at baseline and 6 months later. Results: After 6 months, mean CAL change was 1.99 ± 1.18 mm in the test group and 1.15 ± 1.01 mm in the control group; probing depth change was 1.33 ± 0.87 mm in the test group and 0.50 ± 0.63 mm in the control group. Statistically significant differences (P < .05) were observed between groups in terms of CAL and probing depth changes. No differences were found in gingival recession changes. Conclusion: Within the limits of the present study, the sites treated by means of application of L-PRF after impacted third molar extraction showed better results in terms of CAL gain and probing depth reduction when compared with control sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the common challenges in oral surgery is dealing with patients who are taking oral anticoagulant/antiaggregant drugs. Several local hemostatic agents have been proposed as an alternative to conventional suturing. Among these, autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) have been widely used to decrease the risk of hemorrhage after dental extraction. Nevertheless, there is a lack of consensus regarding the superiority of any one specific hemostatic agent over the others. This systematic review is aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of APCs as hemostatic agents after tooth extraction in patients on anticoagulant therapy. A literature search was conducted of articles published before March 2023 on PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Studies on the use of APCs in patients undergoing dental extractions and being treated with anticoagulant drugs were included. Only randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) published up to March 2023 were included; the outcomes assessed were the time to hemostasis, the presence of post-operative bleeding and pain, and the effectiveness of wound healing. The risk of bias for each RCT was assessed by using the 'risk of bias' tool (RoB 1.0). The research revealed 6 RCTs. The findings indicated that patients on anticoagulant therapy who received APCs without discontinuing their medication experienced a decreased post-operative bleeding, a shorter hemostasis time, reduced pain, and accelerated wound healing. However, due to the high/unclear risk of bias of the studies included, no definitive conclusions can be drawn on the superiority of APCs as hemostatic agents over other similar products. Additional studies are required to validate these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate implant survival rate and to measure peri-implant bone changes in fullarch rehabilitations with immediate placement and immediate loading implants with platform switching and Morse taper connection, in addition to platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and buccal bone augmentation, after 4 years of follow-up. Method and Materials: In this retrospective controlled study, patients who had been fully rehabilitated with immediate placement and immediate loading implants were evaluated 4 years post-loading. Implants with platform switching and Morse taper connections were used (In-Kone Universal System, Global D) and PRF and buccal bone augmentation were applied. The radiographic bone loss was calculated by subtracting the bone level at baseline (BLT0) from that at the 4-year follow-up (BLT4) in immediate and delayed implants. Measurements were made at the distal, mesial, vestibular, and oral sites of the implants and the deepest value was recorded. Implants placed in extraction sites and implants placed in healed sites were considered. A comparison between the groups was performed using the Mann-Whitney test. The implant survival rate was calculated using the KaplanMeier analysis. Results: In total, 42 patients (28 females and 14 males; average age 55.8 years old, age range 45 to 77) were recruited to this study. A total of 334 implants were put in place (226 in the maxilla, 108 in the mandible). The implant survival rate was 97.8% for the maxilla and 98.1% for the mandible, 98.3% for immediate implants and 96.9% for delayed implants. No statistically significant differences (P > .05) in the mean radiographic bone loss (mBL) were observed when comparing the immediate and delayed implants and the anterior and posterior implants. Statistically significant differences were found in the mBL between the mandibular and maxilla implants in the vestibular (P = .01) and mesial (P = .001) sites. Conclusion: Within their limits, the present results suggest that rehabilitation with platform switching and taper connection implants, in addition to buccal bone augmentation and the use of PRF, can lead to predictable results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]