Search

An active balancing method based on two flyback converters is proposed for series-connected battery pack. Balanced energy can be transferred between the whole battery and any single cell. The proposed topology reduces the number of energy storage components, the volume and the cost of the balancing system. And it has the characteristics of fast balancing speed and high balancing efficiency. Based on the topology, a dual-objective hybrid control strategy is proposed, which can reduce the highest voltage and boost the lowest voltage in the charging or discharging process of the cells in one sampling period, so as to improve the balancing speed. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method has a good balancing effect and can significantly improve the consistency of series battery pack. This work is potentially significant in terms of improved reliability of battery packs and savings of costs and lives in safety-critical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel Z-scheme +II-type ternary heterojunction nanocomposite was prepared by one-step solvothermal method using g-C 3 N 4 , FeS 2 and Fe 2 O 3 as raw materials. The scavenger test and electron spin resonance spectroscopy show that O 2 − is the main oxidizing free radical in the photocatalytic system. Finally, TC are mineralized into CO 2 and water. [Display omitted] • Z-scheme + II-type ternary heterojunction nanocomposite is elaborately designed to degradation of TC. • The O 2 − is the main active species participating in the Z-scheme + II-type degradation process. • Strong evidence of Z-scheme + II-type charge transfer pathway was verified by EPR analysis. • The possible degradation pathways and intermediates in TC were identified by LC–MS analysis. In this study, a novel Z-scheme + II-type ternary heterojunction nanocomposite was prepared by one-step solvothermal method using g-C 3 N 4 , FeS 2 and Fe 2 O 3 as raw materials. The successful preparation of this ternary heterojunction was confirmed by the structural analysis and the surface morphology study. Compared with g-C 3 N 4 , the ternary photocatalyst showed excellent photocatalytic performance for the degradation of tetracycline (TC). The enhancement of photocatalytic activity is mainly due to the increase of light absorption capacity, effective separation of carrier in space, and increase of electron transfer channels in this Z-Scheme + II-type composite system. The scavenger test and electron spin resonance spectroscopy show that O 2 − is the main oxidizing free radical in the photocatalytic system. Based on liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer, a possible degradation pathway of TC was proposed. This study opens up a new idea for the design and synthesis of efficient Z-Scheme + II-type photocatalysts for environmental purification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inconsistencies are inevitable in the practical application of battery packs of new energy vehicles, which will reduce the energy utilisation rate and service life and even endanger the safety of the battery system. To reduce the inconsistency of battery packs, this study innovatively proposes an integrated active balancing method for series‐parallel battery packs based on LC energy storage. Only one inductor and one capacitor are used to store energy to achieve the balance of each cell in a series‐parallel battery pack. This design has the characteristics of simple structure, small volume, fast balancing speed and easy expansion. By building an experimental platform, the effectiveness of this novel integrated balancing method is verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]