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Background: Non-communicable diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, responsible for approximately 75% of global mortality. Hypertension, a significant contributor to NCD-related deaths, affects an estimated 1.28 billion adults globally and is often referred to as "The Silent Killer." The increasing prevalence of NCDs, including hypertension, poses significant challenges to the global health system. In Ponorogo Regency, hypertension cases surged from 41,841 in 2021 to 126,668 cases in 2023. Analyzing the risk factors of hypertension is essential to mitigate its health impact on the community. Purpose: To analyze the risk factors of hypertension cases in the Plosojenar Village, Ponorogo Regency community. Methods: This quantitative study employed a case-control design with 154 participants. The case group comprised 77 individuals with hypertension, and the control group included 77 non-hypertensive individuals, selected through random sampling at a 1:1 ratio. Data were collected from January to April 2024 using questionnaires. Bivariate analysis was conducted using Chi-square and Fisher’s tests. Results: This study found a significant association between family history OR 13.67 (95%CI = 5.63 - 39.17); p = 0.00, level of knowledge OR 26.25 (95%CI = 3.96 - 1.11); p = 0.05, and rest habits OR 0.18 (95%CI = 0.03 - 0.70); p = 0.08 to hypertension cases. This study also showed no significant relationship between attitude OR 0.88 (95%CI = 0.32 - 2.37); p = 1 with hypertension cases. Conclusion: Family history, knowledge level, and rest habits are significantly associated with hypertension. Targeted interventions addressing these factors may help reduce hypertension cases.

Infant mortality rate (IMR) is one of the indicators to measure public health status and community welfare. In the last 3 years (2014-2016), the infant mortality rate in Sampang Regency has increased. The purpose of this study is to develop spatial-based modeling of factors affecting infant mortality rates in Sampang. Researchers used an ecological study design where secondary data came from the Health Office and the Central Bureau of Statistics in Sampang Regency. The dependent variable is infant mortality rate, while the independent variables are delivery assisted by health workers, exclusive breastfeeding coverage, neonatal complications handled, K4 visit coverage, LBW percentage, midwife to population ratio, percentage of clean and healthy household behavior. Data has been analyzed and processed using Geoda and Quantum GIS applications. Based on statistical tests, the spatial model is obtained: ŷi= -21.82+0.706 ∑(i=1,i≠j)^n wijyi-0.61* childbirth attended by health worker+0.10* neonatal complications attended by health worker+1.89* LBW babies. Each variable of childbirth assisted by health workers increased by 10, it can decrease the infant mortality rate by 6.1 cases. Each variable of neonatal complications not handled by health workers rises 10 units, it can increase the infant mortality rate by 1 case. each variable of LBW babies rises 1 unit and it can increase infant mortality cases by 1.89 cases. The results of this study can be used to reduce infant mortality rates that occur by intervening in existing factors.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women were reported to face a disproportionately high death rate, reaching nearly 25% of the global pregnant population. According to data from POGI (Indonesian Association of Obstetrics and Gynecology) as of April 2021, 536 pregnant women in Indonesia were exposed to COVID-19 resulting in 16 deaths. This implies an estimated mortality rate of 32 per 1000. Family with pregnant women experience more worries about the COVID-19 infection, which reduces resilience capacity. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the impact of certain factors including husband education, profession, family size, and wealth, as well as the presence of pregnant women on the resilience of family in facing the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional design and analytical observational method were used, while the samples comprised 100 households selected using g-form and accidental sampling. In addition, the data collected were analyzed with the chi-square test. The results showed that family income OR = 2.46 (95% CI = 1.08 - 5.61; p-value = 0.03) and the presence of pregnant women OR = 5.40 (95% CI = 2.25 - 12.96; p-value 0.01) had a significant relationship with family resilience. Specifically, low family resilience was related to lower income and the presence of pregnant women in the household.

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the endemic diseases throughout the tropics and parts of the subtropics. One of the provinces that felt the impact of the dengue outbreak was East Java. Overall, villages implementing STBM coverage in East Java Province is good but incidence of DHF is still found in all districts or cities in the last 3-year period. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relationship and the inclination tendency of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in East Java). Methods: This type of research is an observational study with a cross-sectional study design. The sample population used 38 regencies/cities in East Java Province. The data used are the health profile data of East Java Province in 2018, 2019, and 2020. The data analysis technique used descriptive by utilizing the Health Mapper application version 4.3.0.0 with product version 4.03. Results: The distribution of DHF incidence with the coverage of villages implementing STBM East Java in 2018, 2019, 2020 showed decrease the coverage of villages implementing STBM is also followed by an increase DHF cases every year. The coverage of villages that implement Community Based Total Sanitation (STBM) fluctuates every year. Conclusion: Areas with STBM villages cannot guarantee DHF-free zones but can prevent the transmission of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) by changing hygiene and sanitation behavior through community empowerment to create a good sanitation.

Background: Anemia is a pregnancy complication that increases the morbidity and mortality of mother and baby during pregnancy and until puerperium. In 2015, the incidence of anemia in Indonesia was 23%. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine factors that influence anemia in the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods: The study was conducted on pregnant women in Mojokerto. This study used a case-control design. The sample calculation results obtained 70 cases and 70 controls. The primary and secondary data were obtained from the MCH book and from interviews conducted according to questionnaire guidelines. Data were analyzed via chi-squared test and logistic regression test. Results: The factors that influence anemia in the third trimester of pregnancy were found to be age (p value = 0.04; OR 2.08; 95% CI = 1.04–4.16), occupation (p value = 0.02; OR = 2.27; 95% CI = 1.15–4.47), birth interval (p value = 0.03; OR = 2.25; 95% CI 1.08-4.69), nutritional status (p value = 0.02; OR = 2.33; 95% CI = 1.14- 4.82), knowledge [about anemia] (p value = 0.01; OR = 3.17; 95% CI = 1.41-7.09), income per month (p value = 0.03, OR = 2.25; 95% CI =1.08–4.69), smoking activity (p value = 0.04; OR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.02–3.92), perception (p value = 0.02; OR = 2.20; 95% CI = 1.10–4.40) , and spousal support (p value = 0.01; OR = 2.63; 95% CI = 1.16 – 5.93) Conclusion: The most influential factors on anemia in the third trimester of pregnancy were birth interval, nutritional status, and knowledge.