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34 results on '"Getahun, Merid N."'

11. Additional file 1 of Isoliensinine from Cissampelos pariera rhizomes exhibits potential gametocytocidal and anti-malarial activities against Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates

Author

Muema, Jackson M., Mutunga, James M., Obonyo, Meshack A., Getahun, Merid N., Mwakubambanya, Ramadhan S., Akala, Hoseah M., Cheruiyot, Agnes C., Yeda, Redemptah A., Juma, Dennis W., Andagalu, Ben, Johnson, Jaree L., Roth, Amanda L., and Bargul, Joel L.

Abstract

Additional file 1: Methods S1; Table S1: Anti-malarial screening of plant extracts using SYBR Green I assay; Table S2: Anti-malarial activity readouts of C. pariera solvent fractions; Table S3: Immediate ex vivo susceptibilities of Plasmodium clinical isolates to isoliensinine relative to standard anti-malarial drugs in µM; Table S4: Predicted isoliensinineprotein targets; Table S5: Molecular docking of Plasmodium targets to isoliensinine; Table S6: ADME prediction profile enlisting of isoliensinine from SWISSADME platform. Fig. S1: Cissampelos pariera in its natural ecosystem and the root rhizomes; Fig. S2: LC–MS/MS fragmentation of isoliensinine.

Published
2023
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20. Infection of the Stable Fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, L. 1758 (Diptera: Muscidae) by the Entomopathogenic Fungi Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) Negatively Affects Its Survival, Feeding Propensity, Fecundity, Fertility, and Fitness Parameters

Author

Baleba, Steve B. S., primary, Agbessenou, Ayaovi, additional, Getahun, Merid N., additional, Akutse, Komivi S., additional, Subramanian, Sevgan, additional, and Masiga, Daniel, additional

Published
2021
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26. Genetic connectivity of trypanosomes between tsetse-infested and tsetse-free areas of Kenya.

Author

Kimenyi, Naomi N., Kimenyi, Kelvin M., Amugune, Nelson O., and Getahun, Merid N.

Subjects
TSETSE-flies, MICROSATELLITE repeats, TRYPANOSOMA brucei, ANIMAL mechanics, GENETIC variation
Abstract

The prevalence rates of trypanosomes, including those that require cyclical transmission by tsetse flies, are widely distributed in Africa. Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma congolense are actively maintained in regions where there are no tsetse flies although at low frequencies. Whether this could be due to an independent evolutionary origin or multiple introduction of trypanosomes due to continuous movement of livestock between tsetse-free and -infested areas is not known. Thus, the aim of the study was to carry out microsatellite genotyping to explore intra-specific genetic diversity between T. (Trypanozoon), T. congolense and Trypanosoma vivax from the two regions: tsetse infested and tsetse free. Microsatellite genotyping showed geographical origin-based structuring among T. (Trypanozoon) isolates. There was a clear separation between isolates from the two regions signalling the potential of microsatellite markers as diagnostic markers for T. brucei and Trypanosoma evansi isolates. Trypanosoma vivax isolates also clustered largely based on the sampling location with a significant differentiation between the two locations. However, our results revealed that T. congolense isolates from Northern Kenya are not genetically separated from those from Coastal Kenya. Therefore, these isolates are likely introduced in the region through animal movement. Our results demonstrate the occurrence of both genetic connectivity as well as independent evolutionary origin, depending on the trypanosome species between the two ecologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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29. Metarhizium sp isolated from dead Pachnoda interrupta (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae) as a potential entomopathogenic fungus for the pest insect

Author

Getahun, Merid N., Biasazin, Tibebe D., Wolde-Hawariat, Yitbarek, Bengtsson, Jonas M., Hillbur, Ylva, Seyoum, Emiru, Getahun, Merid N., Biasazin, Tibebe D., Wolde-Hawariat, Yitbarek, Bengtsson, Jonas M., Hillbur, Ylva, and Seyoum, Emiru

Abstract

Sustainable pest management requires the use of ecosystem-friendly control options (e.g. entomopathogens) coupled with target-specific application methods. Here we investigate the susceptibility of the sorghum chafer (Pachnoda interrupta, Olivier) to Metarhizium sp., isolated from dead P. interrupta under field conditions over several years. Target-specific trapping was achieved using Japanese beetle traps or locally made autoinoculation devices, with methyl salicylate or banana as an attractant. Of the attracted and infected beetles, 49% mortality was achieved during October 2005 and 71% during July 2006, while the corresponding mortality in control treatments was 13 and 5%, respectively. We further confirmed that the mortality of the beetles was due to the fungal treatment as 50 and 80% of the dead beetles showed mycosis, respectively. The performance of the pathogen was also investigated in an autodissemination device in 2008 and 2009, where the beetles that were attracted passed through an inoculation chamber. Of the attracted and infected beetles in the autodissemination device, 58.5% (October) and 90.9% (July) were dead within 15 days after treatment. Control mortality was only 3 and 2%, respectively. The potential for horizontal transmission was investigated, where 47% (October) and 59% (July) of the beetles exposed to the pathogen through horizontal transmission were killed. The pathogen was found to be viable for more than 3 days in the field. Our results show that Metarhizium sp. has potential as a biological control agent, and for achieving autodissemination using the target pest as the vector.

Published
2016
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