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Gadallah, N.S., Ghahari, H., Monaem, R., Jussila, R. (2023): New records of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) from Iran. Far Eastern Entomologist 469: 21-25, DOI: 10.25221/fee.469.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25221/fee.469.4

This paper deals with a faunistic survey of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) collected from some regions of three provinces, Alborz, Guilan and Qazvin in northern part of Iran. In total, 66 species in 47 genera and 13 subfamilies were collected and identified: Acaenitinae (two species, two genera), Anomaloninae (two species, two genera), Banchinae (six species, six genera), Campopleginae (six species, three genera), Cremastinae (three species, two genera), Cryptinae (eleven species, seven genera), Ichneumoninae (three species, three genera), Mesochorinae (five species, two genera), Metopiinae (eight species, four genera), Orthocentrinae (five species, five genera), Phygadeuontinae (two species, two genera), Pimplinae (five species, four genera) and Tryphoninae (seven species, five genera).

This paper deals with a faunistic survey of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) collected from some regions of three provinces, Alborz, Guilan and Qazvin in northern part of Iran. In total, 66 species in 47 genera and 13 subfamilies were collected and identified: Acaenitinae (two species, two genera), Anomaloninae (two species, two genera), Banchinae (six species, six genera), Campopleginae (six species, three genera), Cremastinae (three species, two genera), Cryptinae (eleven species, seven genera), Ichneumoninae (three species, three genera), Mesochorinae (five species, two genera), Metopiinae (eight species, four genera), Orthocentrinae (five species, five genera), Phygadeuontinae (two species, two genera), Pimplinae (five species, four genera) and Tryphoninae (seven species, five genera).

Ghahari, H., Legalov, A.A. (2018): New records of weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Iran. Far Eastern Entomologist 366: 24-28, DOI: 10.25221/fee.366.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.25221/fee.366.3

Apanteles obscurus (NEES, 1834) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Seroo (1616 m), 3, May 2008. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: UK (HALIDAY 1834 as Microgaster arenarius), Hungary (PAPP 2008), Mongolia (PAPP 2009a), Transpalearctic (TOBIAS 1995), Turkey (BEYARSLAN et al. 2006; GÜÇLÜ & ÖZBEK 2011), Croatia, Macedonia (PAPP 2009b), Crete, Greece (PAPP 2007). According to YU et al. (2012): Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Croatia, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Italy-Sicily, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova, Mongolia, The Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, Montenegro, Serbia. H o s t r e c o r d s: Parasitoid of Eurrhypara terrealis TR. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Udea ferrugalis HÜBNER, Ebulea crocealis HÜBNER (Lepidoptera: Pyraustidae), Clepsis strigana HÜBNER (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (TOBIAS 1995)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1463, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["NEES VON ESENBECK C. G. (1834): Hymenopterorum Ichneumonibus affinium monographie, genera Europaea et species illustrantes. 1. Stuttgartiae et Tubingae, 320 pp.","HALIDAY A. A. (1834): Essay on parasitic Hymenoptera. - Entomological Magazine 2 (iii): 225 - 259.","PAPP J. (2008): A Del-Dunantul gylikosfurkesz faunajanak alapvetese (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), VIII. 14 alcsalad. - Somogyi Muzeumok Kozlemenyei 18: 85 - 100.","PAPP J. (2009 a): contribution to the braconid fauna of the former Yugoslavia, V. Ten subfamilies (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). - Entomofauna 30 (1): 1 - 36.","TOBIAS V. I. (1995): Keys to the insects of the European part of USSR, ed.; G. S. Medvedev, 3 (4). - New Delhi, Baba Barkla Nath, pp. 900.","BEYARSLAN A., YURTCAN M., CETIN ERDOGAN O. & M. AYDOGDU (2006): A study on Braconidae and Ichneumonidae from Ganos Mountains (Thrace Region, Turkey) (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Ichneumonidae). - Linzer biologische Beitrage 38 (1): 409 - 422.","PAPP J. (2009 b): Braconidae (Hymenoptera) from Mongolia, XVII. Eleven subfamilies. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarium Hungaricae 55 (2): 139 - 173.","YU D. S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & K. HORSTMANN (2012): World Ichneumonoidea 2005. Taxonomy, biology, morphology and distribution [Braconidae]. - Taxapad 2006 (Scientific names for information management) Interactive electronical catalogue on DVD / CD-ROM. Vancouver."]}

Rhaconotus aciculatus RUTHE, 1854 M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Takab (1822 m), 1, 1, September 2006. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: Israel (PAPP 1988, 2011-2012), Serbia (ŽIKIĆ et al. 2000; BELOKOBYLSKIJ & ŽIKIĆ 2009), Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Western Europe, Pacific Coastal region, Israel, Mongolia (TOBIAS 1995), England (SHAW 1998; BROAD & SHAW 2009), Spain (FALCÓ & JIMÉNEZ 1988), Spain (DOCAVO 1960 as R. cerdai), Kazakhstan (TOBIAS 1964 as R. major), Mongolia (PAPP 2009a), Azerbaijan, China, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Mongolia, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Tajikistan, Ukraine, UK, Uzbekistan, Serbia (YU et al. 2012). H o s t r e c o r d s: This species was recorded as a parasitoid of Bruchus sp. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in Israel (LUCAS 1965), Agrilus viridis (LINNAEUS), Anthaxia igockii OBENBERGER (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), Caryedon serratus (OLIVIER) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Lixux lukjanovitschi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (YU et al. 2012)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1462, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["ZIKIC V., BRAJKOVIC M. & Z. TOMANOVIC (2000): Preliminary results of braconid fauna research (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) found in Sicevo Gorge, Serbia. - Acta entomologica Serbica 5 (1 / 2): 95 - 110.","TOBIAS V. I. (1995): Keys to the insects of the European part of USSR, ed.; G. S. Medvedev, 3 (4). - New Delhi, Baba Barkla Nath, pp. 900.","DOCAVO A. I. (1960): Especies nuevas de Braconinae de Espana (Hym. Braconidae). - Eos, Revista Espanola de Entomologia 36: 25 - 39.","TOBIAS V. I. (1964): New species and genera of braconids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Khasakhstan. - Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 34: 177 - 234.","PAPP J. (2009 a): contribution to the braconid fauna of the former Yugoslavia, V. Ten subfamilies (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). - Entomofauna 30 (1): 1 - 36.","YU D. S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & K. HORSTMANN (2012): World Ichneumonoidea 2005. Taxonomy, biology, morphology and distribution [Braconidae]. - Taxapad 2006 (Scientific names for information management) Interactive electronical catalogue on DVD / CD-ROM. Vancouver."]}

Cotesia cuprea (LYLE, 1925) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Oshnaviyeh (1467 m), 1, September 2007. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: Hungary (PAPP 2008), Azerbaidjan, Lithuania, Mongolia (PAPP 2009b), Morocco (NIXON 1965 as Hypomicrogaster semele), Azerbaijan, England, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Lithuania, The Netherlands, Spain (PAPP 1987), Turkey (BEYARSLAN 1988; INANÇ & BEYARSLAN 2001). According to YU et al. (2012): Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Canary Islands, former Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Lithuania, Mongolia, The Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, UK. H o s t r e c o r d s: It was bred from Simacthis nemorana HÜBNER (Lepidoptera: Glyphipterigidae) (NIXON 1965). It was reported from Archips rosana LINNAEUS (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (PAPP 2007)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1463, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["PAPP J. (2008): A Del-Dunantul gylikosfurkesz faunajanak alapvetese (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), VIII. 14 alcsalad. - Somogyi Muzeumok Kozlemenyei 18: 85 - 100.","PAPP J. (2009 b): Braconidae (Hymenoptera) from Mongolia, XVII. Eleven subfamilies. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarium Hungaricae 55 (2): 139 - 173.","PAPP J. (1987): A survey of the European species of Apanteles FOERSTER (Hymenoptera, Braconidae: Microgastrinae), X. The glomeratus - group 2 and the cultellatus - group. - Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 79: 207 - 258.","BEYARSLAN A. (1988): Untersuchungen uber die Fauna von Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Mediterranischen Gebiet der Turkei. IX. - Ulusel Biyoloji Kongresi, 235 - 246.","YU D. S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & K. HORSTMANN (2012): World Ichneumonoidea 2005. Taxonomy, biology, morphology and distribution [Braconidae]. - Taxapad 2006 (Scientific names for information management) Interactive electronical catalogue on DVD / CD-ROM. Vancouver."]}

Microgaster parvistriga THOMSON, 1895 M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Seroo (1616 m), 3, May 2008. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: Distributedin Europe, eastwards as far as Armenia, Hungary, Greece (PAPP 2007), Austria, Germany, Italy (BOUCHÉ 1834 as Microgaster blancardellae), Germany (RATZEBURG 1848 as Microgaster flavolimbatus), Hungary (RATZEBURG 1848 as Microgaster flavolimbatus; PAPP 2008), England (MARSHALL 1885 as Apanteles lautellus), Belgium (WESMAEL 1837 as Microgaster lividipes), Mongolia (PAPP 2009), Caucasus, western Europe (TOBIAS 1995 as Lissogaster parvistriga), Armenia, Northern half of Europe, Korea (PAPP 2003). According to YU et al. (2012): Armenia, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Korea, Mongolia, Poalnd, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Switzerland, UK. H o s t r e c o r d: Parasitoid as Anacampsis disquei MEES (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) (TOBIAS 1995), Acleris kochiella GOEZE, Anacampsis midella WOCKE (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Cosmpterix scribaeilla ZELLER, C. zieglerella (HÜBNER) (Lepidoptera: Cosmopteriidae), Swammerdamia caesiella (HÜBNER) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), Tortrix viridana (LINNAEUS) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (YU et al. 2012)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1465, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["THOMSON C. G. (1895): LII. Bidrag till Braconidernas Kannedom. - Opuscula Entomologica 20: 21 - 41.","BOUCHE P. F. (1834): Naturgeschichte der Insekten, besonders in Hinsicht ihrer ersten Zustande als Larven und Puppen. - Berlin, 216 pp.","RATZEBURG J. T. C. (1848): Die Ichneumon der Forstinsecten in forstlicher und entomologischer Beziehung. - Zweiter Band, Berlin, 238 pp.","PAPP J. (2008): A Del-Dunantul gylikosfurkesz faunajanak alapvetese (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), VIII. 14 alcsalad. - Somogyi Muzeumok Kozlemenyei 18: 85 - 100.","MARSHALL T. A. (1885): Monograph of British Braconidae. Part I. - Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1885: 1 - 280.","TOBIAS V. I. (1995): Keys to the insects of the European part of USSR, ed.; G. S. Medvedev, 3 (4). - New Delhi, Baba Barkla Nath, pp. 900.","YU D. S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & K. HORSTMANN (2012): World Ichneumonoidea 2005. Taxonomy, biology, morphology and distribution [Braconidae]. - Taxapad 2006 (Scientific names for information management) Interactive electronical catalogue on DVD / CD-ROM. Vancouver."]}

Phaenocarpa brevipalpis (THOMSON, 1895) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Ourmieh (1371 m), 2, June-July 2006. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: Greece (PAPP 2007), Hungary, Sweden, Mongolia, Russia, Israel (PAPP 2011 -2012)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1449, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["THOMSON C. G. (1895): LII. Bidrag till Braconidernas Kannedom. - Opuscula Entomologica 20: 21 - 41.","PAPP J. (2011 - 2012): A contribution to the Braconid fauna of Israel (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), 3. - Israel Journal of Entomology 41 - 42 (2011 - 2012), 165 - 219."]}

Monoctonus maliVAN ACHTERBERG, 1989 M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Seroo (1622 m), 2, May 2008. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: Western Palaearctic (Yu et al. 2012). Nearctic, Neotropical, Oceanic, Oriental, Palaearctic (Czech Republic, Netherlands, Serbia, Turkey, former Yugoslavia). The Netherlands (VAN ACHTERBERG 1989), Slovenia (KOS et al. 2009). H o s t r e c o r d s: Parasitoid of Rhopalosiphum incertum (WALKER) on Maloideae (Rosaceae: Malus, Pyrus, Sorbus, Crataegus), and Aphis fabae SCOPOLI on Viburnum (VAN ACHTERBERG 1989); Dysaphis reamuri (MORDVILKO) on Pyrus communis; Dysaphis sp. on Malus domestica; Rhopalosiphon inserthum WALKER on Malus domestica (TOMANOVIĆ et al. 2007)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1456, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["YU D. S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & K. HORSTMANN (2012): World Ichneumonoidea 2005. Taxonomy, biology, morphology and distribution [Braconidae]. - Taxapad 2006 (Scientific names for information management) Interactive electronical catalogue on DVD / CD-ROM. Vancouver.","KOS K., TOMANOVIC Z. & S. TRDAN (2009): Aphid parasitoids in Slovenia and their significance in biological control. - Acta Entomologica Slovenica 17 (1): 5 - 12.","TOMANOVIC Z., RAKHSHANI E., STARY P., KAVALLIERATOS N. G., STANISAVLJEVIC L. Z., ZIKIC V. & C. G. ATHANASSIOU (2007): Phylogenetic relationships betveen the genera Aphidius Nees and Lysaphidus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) with description of Aphidius iranicus sp. Nov. The Canadian Entomologist 139: 297 - 307."]}

Aleiodes (Aliodes) signatus (NEES, 1811) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Seroo (1616 m), 1, spring 2008. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: Turkey (AYDOGDU & BEYARSLAN 2006), Czech Republic (LOZAN et al. 2010), Hungary (PAPP 2008), Israel (Papp 1988), Mongolia (PAPP 2009a), Belgium (Wesmael 1838 as A. geniculator), England (BROAD & SHAW 2009), Croatia (PAPP 2010), Greece (PAPP 2007). H o s t r e c o r d s: It was reported as endoparasitoid of lepidopterans: Arctia caja LINNAEUS, A. villisa LINNAEUS, Ocnogyna boeticum, Coscinia cribrum LINNAEUS (Arctiidae), Philudoria potatoria LINNAEUS (Lasiocampidae), Orgiya antica LINNAEUS, O. gonostigma LINNAEUS, Gynaephora sclenitica, Euproctis chrysorrhoea LINNAEUS, E. similis (Lymantridae), Autugrapha gamma LINNAEUS, Noctua fimbriata, N. pronuba LINNAEUS, Acronicta psi LINNAEUS (Noctuidae), Thaumetopoea processionea LINNAEUS, T. pityocampa DENIS & SCHIFFERMÜLLER (Thaumetopoeidae), Spilonota ocellana FABRICIUS (Tortricidae) (AYDOGDU & BEYARSLAN 2006; YU et al. 2012)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1465, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["AYDOGDU M. & A. BEYARSLAN (2006): First records of Aleiodes WESMAEL, 1838 species in East Marmara region of Turkey (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae). - Acta Entomologica Slovenica 14 (1): 81 - 88.","LOZAN A. L., BELOKOBYLSKIJ S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & M. T. MONGHAM (2010): Diversity and distribution of Braconidae, a family of parasitoid wasps in the Central European peatbogs of South Bohemia, Czech Republic. - Journal of Insect Science (Tucson) 10 (16): 1 - 21.","PAPP J. (2008): A Del-Dunantul gylikosfurkesz faunajanak alapvetese (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), VIII. 14 alcsalad. - Somogyi Muzeumok Kozlemenyei 18: 85 - 100.","PAPP J. (2009 a): contribution to the braconid fauna of the former Yugoslavia, V. Ten subfamilies (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). - Entomofauna 30 (1): 1 - 36.","YU D. S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & K. HORSTMANN (2012): World Ichneumonoidea 2005. Taxonomy, biology, morphology and distribution [Braconidae]. - Taxapad 2006 (Scientific names for information management) Interactive electronical catalogue on DVD / CD-ROM. Vancouver."]}

Bracon (Glabrobracon) atrator NEES, 1834 M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Naqadeh (1327 m), 1, July 2007. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: Austria, Germany, Italy (SZÉPLIGETI 1904; YU et al. 2012); Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Georgia, Ireland, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Mongolia, The Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Sweden, Tunisia, former Yugoslavia (YU et al. 2012), Cyprus, Israel (PAPP 2011 -2012; YU et al. 2012), Finland, Sweden (THOMSON 1892 as B. longicauda; YU et al. 2012), Greece (PAPP 2007; Yu et al. 2012), Hungary, Switzerland (Szépligeti 1904 as B. longicauda THOMSON; YU et al. 2012), Macedonia (PAPP 2010; YU et al. 2012), Serbia (ŽIKIĆ et al. 2012), Spain (DOCAVO 1964; FALCÓ et al. 1993; YU et al. 2012), Turkey (BEYARSLAN et al. 2005; BEYARSLAN & ÇETIN ERDOĞAN 2012; YU et al. 2012), UK (BROAD & SHAW 2009; YU et al. 2012). H o s t r e c o r d s: This species was reported as parasitoid of a number of host species of the families Agromyzidae and Tephritidae (Diptera), Curculionidae (Coleoptera), Coleophoridae (Lepidoptera) (FALCÓ et al. 1993). It was reported also reported as a parasitoid of Gymneptron villosulum GYLLENHAL, Apion buddebergi BEDEL (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Tephritis separata RONDANI, T. conura LOEW (Diptera: Tephretidae), Phytobia flavifrons (MEIGEN) (Diptera: Agromyzidae), Coleophora coronillae ZELLER (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae) (BEYARSLAN et al. 2005)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1459, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["NEES VON ESENBECK C. G. (1834): Hymenopterorum Ichneumonibus affinium monographie, genera Europaea et species illustrantes. 1. Stuttgartiae et Tubingae, 320 pp.","SZEPLIGETI G. (1904): Ubersicht der Gattungen und Arten der palaarktichen Braconiden. - Mathematische und Naturwissenschaftlichen Berichte aus Ungarn 19 (1901): 145 - 203.","YU D. S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & K. HORSTMANN (2012): World Ichneumonoidea 2005. Taxonomy, biology, morphology and distribution [Braconidae]. - Taxapad 2006 (Scientific names for information management) Interactive electronical catalogue on DVD / CD-ROM. Vancouver.","PAPP J. (2011 - 2012): A contribution to the Braconid fauna of Israel (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), 3. - Israel Journal of Entomology 41 - 42 (2011 - 2012), 165 - 219.","THOMSON C. G. (1892): XLVII. Bidrag till Braconidernas Kannedom. I. Cyclostomi. - Opuscula Entomologica. XVII: 1777 - 1861.","ZIKIC V., STANKOVIC S. S. & M. ILIC (2012): Checklist of the genus Bracon (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Serbia. - Biologica Nyssana 3 (1): 21 - 29.","DOCAVO A. I. (1964): Contribucion al conocimiento de los Braconidos de Espana. Subfamilias Braconinae y Cheloninae. - CSIC. Monograf. Cienc. Mod. 71, Madrid, 215 pp.","FALCO J. V., MORENO J. & R. JIMENEZ (1993): Datos sobre Ciclostominos espanoles: 2. Doryctinae (hymenoptera: Braconidae). - Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia 17 (2): 65 - 75.","BEYARSLAN A. & O. CETIN ERDOGAN (2012): The Braconinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Turkey, with new locality records and descriptions of two new species of Bracon Fabricius, 1804. - Zootaxa 3343: 45 - 56."]}

Ghahari, H., Jussila, R. (2014): A faunistic study on the Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from the west of Iran. Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2): 1373-1377, {"references":["BARAHOEI H., RAKHSHANI E. & M. RIEDEL (2012): A checklist of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from Iran. - Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics (IJAB) 8 (2): 83-132.","CORUH S. & J. KOLAROV (2010): Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) from Northeastern Turkey. I. - Bulletin of the Natural History Museum 3: 177-186.","CORUH S., KOLAROV J. & I. CORUH (2014): Probles microcephalus (GRAVENHORST, 1829) a new record for the Turkish fauna (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae). - Munis Entomology & Zoology 9 (1): 451-456.","GAULD I.D. (1988): The species of Enicospilus americanus complex (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in Eastern North America. - Systematic Entomology 13: 31-53.","GODFRAY H.C.J. (1994): Parasitoids, behavioral and evolutionary ecology. - Princeton University Press, 473 pp.","GUPTA V.K. (1987): The Ichneumonidae of the Indo-Australian area (Hymenoptera). - Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 41: 1-1210.","KOLAROV J. & H. GHAHARI (2005): A catalogue of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) from Iran. - Linzer biologische Beitrage 37: 503-532.","TOWNES H.K. (1969): The genera of Ichneumonidae, part 1. - Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 11: 1-300.","WAHL D.B. & M.J. SHARKEY (1993): Superfamily Ichneumonoidea. pp. 358-509. - In: GOULET H. & J.T. HUBER (eds), Hymenoptera of the world: An identification guide to families. Agriculture Canada, Ottawa. vii+668 pp.","YU D.S., ACHTERBERG C. VAN & K. HORSTMANN (2012): World Ichneumonoidea 2005. Taxonomy, biology, morphology and distribution [Braconidae]. - Taxapad 2006 (Scientific names for information management) Interactive electronical catalogue on DVD/CD-ROM. Vancouver."]}

Pholetesor circumscriptus (NEES, 1834) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Siah-Cheshmeh (1807 m), 3, May 2007. West Azarbaijan province: Hassanloo (1288 m), 1, July 2008. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: EntirePalearcticregion(TOBIAS 1995 as Apanteles circumscriptus), Hungary (PAPP 2008), N.W. Europe (NIXON 1973 as Apanteles circumscriptus), Greece (PAPP 2007), Austria, Germany, Italy (BOUCHÉ 1834 as Microgater blancardella), Germany, Hungary (RATZEBURG 1848 as Microgaster flavolimbatus), England (MARSHALL 1885 as Apanteles lautellus), Belgium (WESMAEL 1837 as Microgaster lividipes). According to YU et al. (2012): Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Finland, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Italy-Sardinia, Italy-Sicily, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Madeira Islands, Moldova, The Netherlands, NewZealand, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, USA, Ukraine, UK, former Yugoslavia. H o s t r e c o r d s: Parasitoid of Elachista gangabella ZELLER, E. gleichenella FABRICIUS, E. humilis ZELLER, E. luticomella ZELLER (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae), Lithocolletis blancardella FABRICIUS, L. cavella ZELLER, L. cerasicolella H.-S., L. emberizaepanella BOUCHÉ, L. junoniella ZELLER, L. lantanella SCHR., L. lautella ZELLER, L. mespilella HÜBNER, L. messaniella ZELLER, L. nigrescentella LOGAN, L. populifoliella TR., L. pomonella ZELLER, L. quercifoliella ZELLER, L. rajella LINNAEUS, L. scabiosella DOUGL., L. tenerella JOANNIS (Lepidoptera: Gracillaridae) (NIXON 1973; TOBIAS 1995). In Iran irt was reported as a larval parasitoid of Lithocolletis blancardella FABRICIUS (Lepidoptera: Gracillaridae) (BEHDAD 1991; GHAHARI et al. 2010)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1465, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["NEES VON ESENBECK C. G. (1834): Hymenopterorum Ichneumonibus affinium monographie, genera Europaea et species illustrantes. 1. Stuttgartiae et Tubingae, 320 pp.","TOBIAS V. I. (1995): Keys to the insects of the European part of USSR, ed.; G. S. Medvedev, 3 (4). - New Delhi, Baba Barkla Nath, pp. 900.","PAPP J. (2008): A Del-Dunantul gylikosfurkesz faunajanak alapvetese (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), VIII. 14 alcsalad. - Somogyi Muzeumok Kozlemenyei 18: 85 - 100.","BOUCHE P. F. (1834): Naturgeschichte der Insekten, besonders in Hinsicht ihrer ersten Zustande als Larven und Puppen. - Berlin, 216 pp.","RATZEBURG J. T. C. (1848): Die Ichneumon der Forstinsecten in forstlicher und entomologischer Beziehung. - Zweiter Band, Berlin, 238 pp.","MARSHALL T. A. (1885): Monograph of British Braconidae. Part I. - Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1885: 1 - 280.","YU D. S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & K. HORSTMANN (2012): World Ichneumonoidea 2005. Taxonomy, biology, morphology and distribution [Braconidae]. - Taxapad 2006 (Scientific names for information management) Interactive electronical catalogue on DVD / CD-ROM. Vancouver.","BEHDAD E. (1991): Pests of fruit crops in Iran. - Isfahan Neshat Publication, 822 pp.","GHAHARI H., FISCHER M., HEDQVIST K. J., CETIN ERDOGAN O. & C. VAN ACHTERBERG (2010): Some new records of Braconidae (Hymenoptera) for Iran. - Linzer biologische Beitrage 42 (2): 1395 - 1404."]}

Dacnusa (Dacnusa) pubescens (CURTIS, 1826) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Siah-Cheshmeh (1807 m), 1, May 2007. West Azarbaijan province: Piranshahr (1466 m), 1, July 2008. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: Serbia (ŽIKIĆ et al. 2000), Czech Republic (LOZAN et al. 2010), England, Scotland, Ireland (BROAD & SHAW 2009), Greece (PAPP 2007), Macedonia (PAPP 2009b)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1449, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["ZIKIC V., BRAJKOVIC M. & Z. TOMANOVIC (2000): Preliminary results of braconid fauna research (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) found in Sicevo Gorge, Serbia. - Acta entomologica Serbica 5 (1 / 2): 95 - 110.","LOZAN A. L., BELOKOBYLSKIJ S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & M. T. MONGHAM (2010): Diversity and distribution of Braconidae, a family of parasitoid wasps in the Central European peatbogs of South Bohemia, Czech Republic. - Journal of Insect Science (Tucson) 10 (16): 1 - 21.","PAPP J. (2009 b): Braconidae (Hymenoptera) from Mongolia, XVII. Eleven subfamilies. - Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarium Hungaricae 55 (2): 139 - 173."]}

Microgaster luctuosa HALIDAY, 1834 M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Takab (1822 m), 1, September 2006. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: Hungary (PAPP 2008), Caucasus, Central Asia, Western Europe, Mongolia (TOBIAS 1995 as Lissogaster curvicrus), England (HALIDAY 1834), Greece (PAPP 2007 as Microgaster curvicrus). According to YU et al. (2012): Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Croatia, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Moldova, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkmenistan, UK, Uzbekistan, Serbia. H o s t r e c o r d s: Parasitoid of Agonopterix pallorella ZELLER (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) (TOBIAS 1995), Cnephaso assedana DENIS & SCHIFFERMÜLLER, Olethreutes arbutella (LINNAEUS) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (YU et al. 2012)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1464, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["HALIDAY A. A. (1834): Essay on parasitic Hymenoptera. - Entomological Magazine 2 (iii): 225 - 259.","PAPP J. (2008): A Del-Dunantul gylikosfurkesz faunajanak alapvetese (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), VIII. 14 alcsalad. - Somogyi Muzeumok Kozlemenyei 18: 85 - 100.","TOBIAS V. I. (1995): Keys to the insects of the European part of USSR, ed.; G. S. Medvedev, 3 (4). - New Delhi, Baba Barkla Nath, pp. 900.","YU D. S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & K. HORSTMANN (2012): World Ichneumonoidea 2005. Taxonomy, biology, morphology and distribution [Braconidae]. - Taxapad 2006 (Scientific names for information management) Interactive electronical catalogue on DVD / CD-ROM. Vancouver."]}

Alysia (Anarcha) rufidens NEES, 1834 M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Myandoab (1339 m), 3, June 2007. West Azarbaijan province: Ourmieh (1430 m), 2, August 2007. West Azarbaijan province: Khoy (1153 m), 2, August-September 2008. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: Austria, Sweden (THOMSON 1845 as Alysia (Anarcha) puncticollis; FISCHER 1993 as A. puncticollis), Spain (TORMOS 1987; DOCAVO et al. 2006; PASCUAL 2010), England (MARSHALL 1889; BROAD & SHAW 2009), Ireland (FISCHER 1993 as A. puncticollis; BROAD & SHAW 2009), Israel (PAPP 2011 -2012), Bulgaria (THOMSON 1845 as A. puncticollis; PAPP 2011 -2012), Greece (PAPP 2007), Austria (FISCHER 1973), Western Europe (FISCHER 1993). H o s t r e c o r d s: Delia floralis (FALLEN), D. quadripila (STEIN), Ensina sonchi (LINNAEUS), Tephritis eggeri (FRAEUNFELD) (YU et al. 2012)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1449, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["NEES VON ESENBECK C. G. (1834): Hymenopterorum Ichneumonibus affinium monographie, genera Europaea et species illustrantes. 1. Stuttgartiae et Tubingae, 320 pp.","FISCHER M. (1993): Neubeschreibungen und Wiederbeschreibungen von Kieferwespen (Hym., Braconidae, Alysiinae: Tribus Alysiini) der Alten Welt. - Linzer biologische Beitrage 25: 593 - 647.","TORMOS J. (1987): Further developments in the study of Spanish Alysiine (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). III. - Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia 11: 321 - 324.","DOCAVO I., TORMOS F. J. & M. FISCHER (2006): Braconidos de Espana (Hym., Braconidae). Sintesis general de la familia. Subfamilia Alysiinae. - Industrias Graficas ECIR Villa de Madrid, no. 60, 46980 Paterna (Valencia), 366 pp.","PASCUAL X. P. (2010): Braconidos exodontos de Espana (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae). - Tesis Doctoral, Salamanca, 10 de abril de 2010.","MARSHALL T. A. (1889): A monograph of British Braconidae. Part III. - Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1889: 149 - 211.","PAPP J. (2011 - 2012): A contribution to the Braconid fauna of Israel (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), 3. - Israel Journal of Entomology 41 - 42 (2011 - 2012), 165 - 219.","FISCHER M. (1973): Aspilota - Wespen aus der weiteren Umgebung von Admont (Hym., Braconidae, Alysiinae). - Mitteilungen der Abteilung fur Zoologie am Landesmuseum Joanneum 2: 137 - 167.","YU D. S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & K. HORSTMANN (2012): World Ichneumonoidea 2005. Taxonomy, biology, morphology and distribution [Braconidae]. - Taxapad 2006 (Scientific names for information management) Interactive electronical catalogue on DVD / CD-ROM. Vancouver."]}

Hormius moniliatus (NEES, 1811) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Piranshahr (1466 m), 2, July 2008. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: Mongolia (PAPP 2009), Turkey (BEYARSLAN & AYDOGDU 2013), Belgium (WESMAEL 1838), UK (BROAD & SHAW 2009), Macedonia (PAPP 2010), Greece (PAPP 2007). According to YU et al. (2012): Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canary Islands, Cape Verde Islands, China, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Greenland, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, former Yugoslavia., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1462, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["YU D. S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & K. HORSTMANN (2012): World Ichneumonoidea 2005. Taxonomy, biology, morphology and distribution [Braconidae]. - Taxapad 2006 (Scientific names for information management) Interactive electronical catalogue on DVD / CD-ROM. Vancouver."]}

Hormius similis (SZÉPLIGETI, 1896) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: no locality cited, 2, July 2006. West Azarbaijan province: Salmas (1311 m), 1, October 2007. West Azarbaijan province: Makoo (1637 m), 3, unknown date. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: All Palearctic region, Taiwan (BELOKOBYLSKIJ 1995), Hungary (PAPP 2008), Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Eastern Siberia, Far East, Western Europe (TOBIAS 1995), Korea (PAPP 2003), Croatia, Greece (PAPP 2007 as H. moniliatus var. similis). According to YU et al. (2012): Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Macedonia, Mongolia, Russia, former Yugoslavia. H o s t r e c o r d s: Parasitoid of lepidopterans Pexicopia malvella HÜBNER (Gelechiide), Scythris inspersella HÜBNER (Scythrididae), Pyrausta aurata SCOPOLI, Microstega hyalinalis HÜBNER, Loxostege nudalis HÜBNER (Pyraustidae), Coleophora trifariella ZELLER (Cleophoridae), Archips crataegana HÜBNER (Tortricidae) (TOBIAS 1995)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1463, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["PAPP J. (2008): A Del-Dunantul gylikosfurkesz faunajanak alapvetese (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), VIII. 14 alcsalad. - Somogyi Muzeumok Kozlemenyei 18: 85 - 100.","TOBIAS V. I. (1995): Keys to the insects of the European part of USSR, ed.; G. S. Medvedev, 3 (4). - New Delhi, Baba Barkla Nath, pp. 900.","YU D. S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & K. HORSTMANN (2012): World Ichneumonoidea 2005. Taxonomy, biology, morphology and distribution [Braconidae]. - Taxapad 2006 (Scientific names for information management) Interactive electronical catalogue on DVD / CD-ROM. Vancouver."]}

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Aleiodes (Neorhogas) ductor (THUNBERG, 1822) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: West Azarbaijan province: Naqadeh (1327 m), 1, unknown date. D i s t r i b u t i o n o u t s i d e I r a n: Czech Republic (LOZAN et al. 2010), Israel (PAPP 1988), Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, Souther Siberia to Far East, Western Europe, Northern Africa, Israel (TOBIA 1995 as Rogas doctor), Turkey (BEYARSLAN et al. 2006), Croatia (PAPP 2010), Greece (PAPP 2007). H o s t r e c o r d s: Parasitoid of Mamestra brassicae LINNAEUS, Autographa gamma LINNAEUS, Discestra trifolii (HUFNAGEL) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Philudoria potatoria LINNAEUS (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) (TOBIAS 1995)., Published as part of Samin, N., Ghahari, H., N. S & Davidian, E., 2014, A study on the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from West Azarbaijan province, Northwestern Iran, pp. 1447-1478 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2) on page 1466, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5310504, {"references":["LOZAN A. L., BELOKOBYLSKIJ S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & M. T. MONGHAM (2010): Diversity and distribution of Braconidae, a family of parasitoid wasps in the Central European peatbogs of South Bohemia, Czech Republic. - Journal of Insect Science (Tucson) 10 (16): 1 - 21.","BEYARSLAN A., YURTCAN M., CETIN ERDOGAN O. & M. AYDOGDU (2006): A study on Braconidae and Ichneumonidae from Ganos Mountains (Thrace Region, Turkey) (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Ichneumonidae). - Linzer biologische Beitrage 38 (1): 409 - 422.","TOBIAS V. I. (1995): Keys to the insects of the European part of USSR, ed.; G. S. Medvedev, 3 (4). - New Delhi, Baba Barkla Nath, pp. 900."]}

Ghahari, H., Jussila, R., T, Barichneumon, T, Coelichneumon, T, Ctenichneumon, K, Diphyus, F, Homotherus, P, Ichneumon, T, Spilichneumon (2014): A study on the subfamily Ichneumoninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Khorasan province, Iran. Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (2): 1367-1371, {"references":["BARAHOEI H., RAKHSHANI E. & M. RIEDEL (2012): A checklist of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from Iran. - Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics (IJAB) 8 (2): 83-132.","CORUH S., OZBEK H. & M. RIEDEL (2011): An additional contribution to the Ichneumoninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) fauna of Turkey. - Turkiye Entomoloji Dernegi 35 (4): 603-613.","CORUH S. & H. OZBEK (2013): New and little known some Ichneumonidae species (Hymenoptera) from Turkey. - Munis Entomology & Zoology 8 (1): 135-138.","GUPTA V.K. (1987): The Ichneumonidae of the Indo-Australian area (Hymenoptera). - Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 41: 1-1210.","JANZEN D.H. (1981): The peak in North American ichneumonid richness lies between 38° and 42°N. - Ecology 62: 532-537.","KASPARYAN D.R. (1981): Opredelitel Nasekomich Europeiskoy Casti U.S.S.R. III. Part. Pereponchato-krylye 3. Opredelitel Fauny SSSR. - Nauka, Moscow-Leningrad, pp. 1- 688. [in Russian]","KOLAROV J. & H. GHAHARI (2005): A catalogue of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) from Iran. - Linzer biologische Beitrage 37: 503-532.","KOLAROV J. & H. GHAHARI (2008): A study of the Iranian Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). III. Ichneumoninae. - Acta entomologica Serbica 13 (1-2): 61-76.","OWEN D.F. & J. OWEN (1974): Species diversity in temperate and tropical Ichneumonidae. - Nature 249: 583-584.","TOWNES H.K. (1969): The genera of Ichneumonidae, part 1. - Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 11: 1-300.","YU D.S., VAN ACHTERBERG C. & K. HORSTMANN (2005): World Ichneumonoidea 2004 - Taxonomy, Biology, Morphology and Distribution. DVD/CD. - Taxapad. Vancouver, Canada. http://www.taxapad.com."]}

Ameles arabica UVAROV 1939 Ameles arabica UVAROV 1939: 551-552. M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Hormozgan province: Haji-Abad, (2 adult males), March 2005. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: SaudiArabia(Typelocality), Iran. C o m m e n t s: This species was recorded from various localities in Saudi Arabia by UVAROV (1939) and KALTENBACH (1982)., Published as part of Ghahari, H., M. G, R, Blepharopsis, C, Empusa, L, Eremiaphila, B, Ameles, S, Armene, S, Bolivaria, B, Hierodula & S, Iris, 2014, A contribution to the knowledge of the Mantodea (Insecta) fauna of Iran, pp. 665-673 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 667, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5306450, {"references":["KALTENBACH A. P. (1982): Insects of Saudi Arabia. Mantodea. - Fauna of Saudi Arabia 4: 29 - 72."]}

Ghahari, H., M.G, R, Blepharopsis, C, Empusa, L, Eremiaphila, B, Ameles, S, Armene, S, Bolivaria, B, Hierodula, S, Iris (2014): A contribution to the knowledge of the Mantodea (Insecta) fauna of Iran. Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1): 665-673, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306450, {"references":["BEIER M. (1934): Mantodea. Subfam. Sibyllinae, Empusinae. - Genera Insectorum, Fascicule 197: 10 pp.","BEIER M. (1935): Mantodea. Subfamilie: Mantinae. - Genera Insectorum, Fascicule 203: 146 pp.","BEIER M. (1956): Mantiden aus Iran 1954 (Orthopt.). Ergebnisse der Entomologischen Reisen Willi Richter, Stuttgart, im Iran 1954 und 1956, Nr. 2. - Jahreshefte des Vereins fur vaterlandische Naturkunde in Wurttemberg 111 (1): 68-75.","GHAHARI H., HAYAT R., TABARI M., OSTOVAN H. & S. IMANI (2008): A contribution to the predator and parasitoid fauna of rice pests in Iran, and a discussion on the biodiversity and IPM in rice fields. - Linzer biologische Beitrage 40 (1): 735-764.","GIGLIO- TOS E. (1921): Mantodea. Subfamilie: Eremiaphilinae. - Genera Insectorum, Fascicule 177: 36 pp.","GIGLIO- TOS E. (1927): Das Tierreich. Orthoptera-Mantidae. - Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, 707 pp.","INNES W. (1911): Une liste d'insectes recueillis probablement par J. Lord, en Egypte et determines par F. Walker. - Bulletin de la societe entomologique de l'Egypte 40: 97- 115.","INNES W. (1912): Revision des Orthopteres de l'Egypte. 3. Famille Mantides. - Memoires de la societe entomologique de l'Egypte 1 (3): 3-6, 39-78.","KALTENBACH A.P. (1982): Insects of Saudi Arabia. Mantodea. - Fauna of Saudi Arabia 4: 29-72.","KALTENBACH A.P. (1996): Unterlagen fur eine Monographie der Mantodea des sudlichen Afrika: 1. Artenbestand, geographische Verbreitung und Ausbreitungsgrenzen (Insecta: Mantodea). - Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 98 (B): 193-346.","KALTENBACH A.P. (1998): Unterlagen fur eine Monographie der Mantodea (Insecta) des sudlichen Afrika: 2. Bestimmungstabellen fur die hoheren Taxa, Nachtrage zum Artenbestand. - Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 100 (B): 19-59.","MOFIDI- NEYESTANAK M. (2000): A preliminary survey on the Orthopteroidea of the Iranian islands of Persian Gulf. - Proceedings of 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Isfahan University of Technology, p. 339.","MOHAMMAD S.K., GADALLAH S.M., EL- HAMOULY H., EHRMANN R. & M.G. NASSER (2011): Mantodea of Egypt. - Zootaxa 3044: 1-27.","OLIVEIRA D. 2009): Key to praying mantids - Revisions - Key to Families. - (accessed 10.08.2011).","PRESTON- MAFHAM K. (1990): Grasshoppers and mantids of the world. - Blandford, London, 192 pp.","PRETE F.R., WELLS H., WELLS P.H. & L.E. HURD (1999): The praying mantids. - Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, London, 362 pp.","RAMSEY G.W. (1990): Mantodea (Insecta): with a review of aspects of functional morphology and biology. - Fauna of New Zealand 19: 1-96.","SAKENIN H., ESLAMI B., SAMIN N., IMANI S., SHIRDEL F. & M. HAVASKARY (2008a): A contribution to the most important trees and shrubs as the hosts of wood-boring beetles in different regions of Iran and identification of many natural enemies. - Journal of Plant and Ecosystem 16: 27-46.","SAKENIN H., RAHEB J., IMANI S., HAVASKARY M., SHIRDEL F. & H. MOHSENI (2008b): A preliminary survey on dipteran predators and parasitoids and Odonata in Iranian rice fields. - Proceedings of National Conference of Agronomical Rice Breeding, Young Research Club Islamic Azad University of Ghaemshahr, 26-27 November, p. 79 (Full paper as CD Rom, 14 pp.) (In Persian with English Summary).","SAKENIN H., SAMIN N., SHAKOURI M.J., MOHEBBI H.R., EZZATPANAH S. & S. MOEMEN BEITOLLAHI (2011): A faunistic survey of the insect predators in some regions of Iran. - Calodema 142: 1-10.","SAUSSURE H. (1871): Melanges Orthopterologiques IV. Mantides. - Memoires de la Societe de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Geneve 3 (Supplement) 21: 1-214, 239-337.","UVAROV B.P. & V.M. DIRSH (1952): Orthoptera collected in Iran. Ergebnisse einer botanischzoologischen Sammelreise durch den Iran 1948/49. - Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel 63 (1): 1-16.","UVAROV B.P. (1938): Orthoptera from Iraq and Iran. Zoology Ser. Field. - Museum Natural History 20 (33): 439-451.","ZEHZAD B., KIABI B.H. & H. MADJNOONIAN (2002): The natural areas and landscape of Iran: an overview. - Zoology in the Middle East 26: 7-10."]}

Eremiaphila persica persica WERNER 1905 Eremiaphila persica WERNER 1905: 388. M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Kerman province: Jiroft, (2 adult females), May 2006. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Azerbaijani, Iran, Turkey., Published as part of Ghahari, H., M. G, R, Blepharopsis, C, Empusa, L, Eremiaphila, B, Ameles, S, Armene, S, Bolivaria, B, Hierodula & S, Iris, 2014, A contribution to the knowledge of the Mantodea (Insecta) fauna of Iran, pp. 665-673 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 669, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5306450

Amorphoscelis pantherina ROY 1966 Amorphoscelis pantherina ROY 1966: 268-270. M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Hormozgan province: Minab, (1 adult male), April 2007. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Iran, Iraq., Published as part of Ghahari, H., M. G, R, Blepharopsis, C, Empusa, L, Eremiaphila, B, Ameles, S, Armene, S, Bolivaria, B, Hierodula & S, Iris, 2014, A contribution to the knowledge of the Mantodea (Insecta) fauna of Iran, pp. 665-673 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 668, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5306450

Ameles crassinervis DIRSH 1927 Ameles crassinervis DIRSH 1927: 57-58. M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Isfahan province: Ardestan, (1 adult female), August 2004. General distribution: Afghanistan, Iran., Published as part of Ghahari, H., M. G, R, Blepharopsis, C, Empusa, L, Eremiaphila, B, Ameles, S, Armene, S, Bolivaria, B, Hierodula & S, Iris, 2014, A contribution to the knowledge of the Mantodea (Insecta) fauna of Iran, pp. 665-673 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 667, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5306450

Oxythespis persica BOLIVAR 1913 Oxythespis persica BOLIVAR 1913: 605-606. M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Isfahan province: Najaf-Abad, (1 adult female), April 2001. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Iran., Published as part of Ghahari, H., M. G, R, Blepharopsis, C, Empusa, L, Eremiaphila, B, Ameles, S, Armene, S, Bolivaria, B, Hierodula & S, Iris, 2014, A contribution to the knowledge of the Mantodea (Insecta) fauna of Iran, pp. 665-673 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 670, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5306450

Corixa panzeri (FIEBER 1848) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Mazandaran province: Ramsar, 2, 12 October 2011. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Europe, Caucasus, Central Asia., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1992, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Gerris lacustris (LINNAEUS 1758) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Mazandaran province: Babol, 2, 5, 28 March 2012. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Palaearctic., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1994, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Hydrometra stagnorum (LINNAEUS 1758) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Mazandaran province: Qaemshahr, 2, 25 March 2012. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Euro-Siberian, Mediterranean basin, Middle Asia, Middle East, North Africa., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1994, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Sigara kervillei (POISSON 1927) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Mazandaran province: Ramsar, 2, 12 October 2011. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Anatolia., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1993, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Ghahari, H. (2013): A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran. Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2): 1991-1996, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5981596, {"references":["ANDERSEN N.M. (1982): The semiaquatic bugs (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha). Phylogeny, adaptations, biogeography and classification. - Entomonograph 3: 1-455.","AUKEMA B. & Ch. RIEGER (1995): Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Vol.1. Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha and Leptopodomorpha. - The Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, xxvi + 222 pp.","BERCHI G.M., PETROVIC M. & D.M. ILIE (2011): Aquatic and semiaquatic true bugs (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha) of Cefa Nature Park (north-western Romania). - Analele Universit ii din Oradea - Fascicula Biologie Tom. XVIII (1): 29-33.","FERNANDEZ L.A. & M.L. LOPEZ RUF (2006): Aquatic Coleoptera and Heteroptera inhabiting waterbodies from Berisso, Buenos Aires province, Argentina. - Revista de biologia tropical (International Journal of Tropical Biology) 54 (1): 139-148.","FOOTTIT R.G. & P.H. ADLER (2009): Insect biodiversity: Science and society. - Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 1-632.","GHAHARI H., MOULET P., OSTOVAN H. & R.E. LINNAVUORI (2013): An annotated catalog of the Iranian Dipsocoromorpha, Enicocephalomorpha, Gerromorpha, Leptopodomorpha and Nepomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). - Zootaxa 3641 (4): 301-342.","JENKINS D.W. (1964): Pathogens, parasites and predators of medically important Arthropods, annotated list and bibliography. - B. World Health Organization (supplement): 1-150.","MENKE A.S. (1979): The semiaquatic and aquatic Hemiptera of California (Heteroptera: Hemiptera). - Bulletin of the California Insect Survey 21: 1-166.","NARANJO C., MUNOZ RIVIAUX S., MOREIRA F.F.F. & R. CORREA COURT (2010): Taxonomy and distribution of aquatic and semiaquatic Heteroptera (Insecta) from Cuba. - Revista de biologia tropical (International Journal of Tropical Biology) 58 (3): 897-907.","NIESER N. (1975): The water bugs (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha) of the Guyana Region. - Stud. Fauna Suriname Guyanas 59: 1-303.","NIESER N. (1978): Heteroptera, pp. 280-285. - In: ILLIES J. (ed.), Limnofauna Europaea. G. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1-552.","POLHEMUS J.T. & D.A. POLHEMUS (2008): Global diversity of true bugs (Heteroptera; Insecta) in freshwater. - Hydrobiologia 595: 379-391.","SAMIN N., SAKENIN H., TABARI M. & S. IMANI (2012): A study on the fauna of Heteroptera in aquatic ecosystems, with emphasize on aquatic and semi-aquatic bugs in paddy fields and around streams. - Journal of Daneshvar Agronomy Sciences 5: 86-93. [In Persian, English summary]","SCHUH R.T. & J.A. SLATER (1995): True bugs of the world (Hemiptera, Heteroptera). Classification and natural history. - Ithaca and London, 1-337.","SKERN M., ZWEIMULLER I. & F. SCHIEMER (2010): Aquatic Heteroptera as indicators for terrestrialisation of floodplain habitats. - Limnologica 40: 241-250."]}

Chartoscirta cincta cincta (HERRICH- SCH��FFER 1841) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Guilan province: Bandar-Anzali, 1, 4, 9 June 2011. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Euro-Siberian extends to Ethiopian Region., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1995, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Micronecta anatolica anatolica (LINDBERG 1922) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Mazandaran province: Savadkooh, 2, 1, 16 August 2011. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: NearEast,CentralAsia, Yemen,SouthernAsiaas far as Vietnam., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1992, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Micronecta wui alkani (HOBERLANDT 1952) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Guilan province: Lahijan, 4, 8 June 2011. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Asian Turkey, Israel, Iran., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1992, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Anisops sardeus sardeus (HERRICH- SCH��FFER 1849) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Mazandaran province: Savadkooh, 2, 16 August 2011. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Mediterranean basin, Near East, Central Asia, Indian subcontinent, Tropical Africa., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1994, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Sigara assimilis (FIEBER 1848) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Mazandaran province: Tonekabon, 1, 13 October 2011. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: From the Balkan (except Greece) to China and Mongolia (JANSSON 1995)., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1993, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Aquarius ventralis (FIEBER 1860) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Guilan province: Lahijan, 1, 8 June 2011. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Ponto-Mediterranean (Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Near East)., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1994, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Corixa affinis (LEACH 1817) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Golestan province: Gorgan, 4, 7, 21 April 2012. Mazandaran province: Savadkooh, 2, 5, 16 August 2011. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Holo-Mediterranean with a wide range from Central Europe and Euro-Asian (from British Isles) to Mediterranean basin, Middle East, Central Asia, and Indian subcontinent., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1992, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Gerris (Gerris) costae fieberi STICHEL 1938 M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Golestan province: Kordkoy, 3, 6, 19 April 2012. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Ponto-north-Mediterranean extending to Central Asia., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1994, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Saldula pilosella pilosella (THOMSON 1871) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Golestanprovince:Gorgan,1, 2, 21 April 2012. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Euro-Siberian extending to Central Asia and, eastern, to Korea., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1995, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Sigara daghestanica (JANSSON 1983) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Guilan province: Astara, 2, 3, 12 July 2011. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Turkey, Caucasus, and Southern Russia., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1993, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Sigara nigrolineata nigrolineata (FIEBER 1848) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Guilan province: Bandar-Anzali, 1, 11 June 2011. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Euro-Siberian, and European extending to the Middle East., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1993, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Saldula pallipes (FABRICIUS 1794) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Mazandaran province: Savadkooh, 2, 3, 16 August 2011. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Holarctic (incl. Indian subcontinent); in America from Alaska to Panama; probably settled in South America; Oriental and Neotropical Regions., Published as part of Ghahari, H., 2013, A study on aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from northern Iran, pp. 1991-1996 in Linzer biologische Beitr��ge 45 (2) on page 1995, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5981596

Ghahari, H., Lim, J., L, Bethylus, A, Botoryan, W, Cephalonomia, W, Epyris, F, Goniozus (2012): A checklist on Iranian Bethylidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). Linzer biologische Beiträge 44 (1): 1071-1077, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5328849, {"references":["AKBARI ASL M.H., TALEBI A.A., KAMALI H. & S. KAZEMI (2009): Stored product pests and their parasitoid wasps in Mashhad, Iran. - Advances in Environmental Biology 3 (3): 239-243.","ALAVI J. & M. GHOLIZADEH (2008): Report of two parasitoids bethylid wasp on larva of grape berry moth Lobesia botrana SCHIFF. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from Khorasan-eshomali province. - Proceedings of 18th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 24-27 August 2008, 74 pp.","ARGAMAN Q. (2003): Generic Synopsis of Mesitinae KIEFFER, 1914 (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). - Entomofauna 24 (4): 61-96.","AZEVEDO C.O. (1999): Familia Bethylidae, pp. 169-181. - In: BRANDAO C.R. & E.M. CANCELO (eds), Biodiversidade do estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil: sintese do conhecimento ao final do seculo XX. Vol. 5: Invertebrados Terrestres. - Sao Paulo, FAPESP, 279 pp.","AZEVEDO C.O. (2006): Insecta, Hymenoptera, Bethylidae: range extension and filling gaps in Australia. - Check List 2 (1): 42-44.","AZEVEDO C.O. & B.H. GUIMARAES (2006): Insecta, Hymenoptera, Bethylidae: range extension and filling gaps in Yemen. - Check List 2 (3): 26-29.","BERLAND L. (1928): Faune de France 19: Hymenopteres vespiformes II: (Eumenidae, Vespidae, Masaridae, Bethylidae, Dryinidae, Embolemidae). - Paris, France, 208 pp.","BERRY J.A. (1998): The bethyline species (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae, Bethylinae) imported into New Zealand for biological control of pest leafrollers. - New Zealand Journal of Zoology 25: 329-333.","BROTHERS D.J. & J.M. CARPENTER (1993): Phylogeny of Aculeata: Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea. - Journal of Hymenoptera Research 2: 227-302.","CARR M., YOUNG J.P.W. & P.J. MAYHEW (2010): Phylogeny of bethylid wasps (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) inferred from 28S and 16S rRNA genes. - Insect Systematics & Evolution 41: 55-73.","EHTESHAMI F., ALEOSFOOR M., ALLAHYARI H., ALICHI M., AKRAMI M.A. & M. KIANI (2010a): First record of Goniozus legneri GORDH (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), the larval ectoparasitoid of carob moth, in Iran. - Proceedings of 19th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 31 July-3 August 2010, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, 123 pp.","EHTESHAMI F., ALEOSFOOR M., ALLAHYARI H., ALICHI M., AKRAMI M.A. & M. KIANI (2010b): Primary investigation on the biology of Goniozus legneri GORDH (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), a larval ectoparasitoid of carob moth, on Ectomyelois ceratoniae (ZELLER). - Proceedings of 19th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 31 July-3 August 2010, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, 605 pp.","GHAHARI H., HAYAT R., TABARI M., OSTOVAN H. & S. IMANI (2008): A contribution to the predator and parasitoid fauna of rice pests in Iran, and a discussion on the biodiversity and IPM in rice fields. - Linzer biologische Beitrage 40 (1): 735-764.","GORDH G. & L. MOCZAR (1990): A catalog of the world Bethylidae (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). - Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 46: 1-364.","HARRIS A.C. (1996): The effects on a human of the sting of Goniozus antipodum (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). - New Zealand Entomologist 19 (1): 49.","KADJBAF VALA GH. & H. BAYAT ASADI (1995): Introduction of Goniozus claripennis, an ectoparasitoid of the lesser date moth (Batrachedra amydraula) in province Khuzestan. Proceedings of the 12th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 2-7 September 1995, Karadj, p. 213.","LANES G.O. & C.O. AZEVEDO (2008): Phylogeny and taxonomy of Sclerodermini (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae, Epyrinae). - Insect Systematics & Evolution 39: 55-86.","LEGNER E.F. & A. 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