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Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of central nervous system. Environmental factors such as different viruses have proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). This study was aimed to evaluate Cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity in Iranian patients suffering from MS compared to controls. Methodology: This case control study was conducted in Isfahan. Using ELISA method, IgM and IgG antibodies to Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in MS patients and age and sex matched controls were detected. CMV IgM titer higher than 25 and CMV IgG titer higher than 0.6 were regarded as seropositive according to laboratory Kit. Results: Total 82 MS patients (64 females and 18 males) and 38 controls (29 females and 9 males) were included (P>0.05). The median [IQR] titer of CMV IgM in MS group was 3.25[2.97- 5.1] versus 3.5[2.5-5.7] in control group (p=0.66); likewise, the median [IQR] titer of CMV IgG in MS patients was 15.15 [8.1-22.5] versus 7.75[5.3-22] in control group (p=0.011). According clinical course median of IgG was 14.94[7.3-24] in RRMS and 20.0[9.8-22] in SPMS and median of IgM was 4.0[2.9-6.5] and 3.0[2.7-4.0] respectively. Conclusion: Seropositivity of CMV was higher in MS patients than controls, therefore, it may have a possible role in MS pathogenesis, but further studies are needed to evaluate this result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Environmental factors, such as different infections, have proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to the evaluate mycoplasma pneumonia seropositivity, as a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS)., Methodology: Using ELISA method, IgM and IgG antibodies to Mycoplasma pneumoniae were determined in 130 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (85 Remitted and 45 Relapsed) and 50 sex- and age-matched controls. The groups were compared using Kruskal-Wallis test at the significant level of p < 0.05., Results: The median [interquartile range] titer of IgG in remitted multiple sclerosis group was 65.3 [51.1-75.2] RU/ml versus 64 [52.6-71.4] RU/ml in relapsed group and 57.5 [29.2-74.3] RU/ml in control group (p = 0.442). There was not any significant difference between the groups base on median titer of IgM too (p = 0.446). The median [interquartile range] titer of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MPn) IgG in women was 69.2 [56.4-77.4] RU/ml in remitted patients versus 63.85 [52.45-71.25] RU/ml in relapsed patients and 55.2 [29.17-72.75] RU/ml in controls (p = 0.022). Post hoc analysis demonstrated significant difference between remitted patients and controls (p = 0.002). There was not any significant difference between men in the groups (p = 0.7)., Conclusions: Mycoplasma seroposivity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis was not significantly different in various phases of activity of disease compare to controls; but in women, seroposivity of Mycoplasma antibodies were more than controls.