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1. 16p13.11 microduplication in 45 new patients: refined clinical significance and genotype–phenotype correlations

Author: Aziza Lebbar, Sandra Chantot-Bastaraud, Catherine Yardin, Ghislaine Plessis, Patrick Edery, Damien Sanlaville, Laurence Faivre, Aline Receveur, Anne Claude Tabet, Solveig Heide, Laila El Khattabi, Patrick Callier, Christine Francannet, Alice Goldenberg, Eva Pipiras, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Chantal Missirian, Odile Boute-Benejean, Cécile Laroche, C. Francois-Fiquet, Pascal Garnier, Alice Masurel-Paulet, Nathalie Marle, Marion Gérard, Jean Michel Dupont, Alexandra Afenjar, Martine Doco Fenzy, Anne Moncla, Marie Pierre Cordier, Brigitte Benzacken, Jean-Hubert Caberg, Gaetan Lesca, Loïc de Pontual, Christine Ioos, Massimiliano Rossi, Nathalie Le Meur, Andrée Delahaye-Duriez, Joris Andrieux, Caroline Vincent-Delorme, Siham Chafai Elalaoui, Lesley Suiro, Philippe Vago, Anne-Laure Mosca-Boidron, Abdelhafid Natiq, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine (UPD5 Médecine), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), [Institut Cochin] Département Développement, Reproduction et Cancer (DRC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de génétique, CHU du Sart-Tilman, Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Unité Fonctionnelle de Génétique Clinique [CHU Pitié Salpétrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Unité de Génétique Médicale, Hôtel-Dieu-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de génétique [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de cytogénétique (CHU de Dijon), Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de génétique médicale, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Jean Verdier [AP-HP], Handicaps génétiques de l'enfant (Inserm U393), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de génétique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, Département de Génétique Médicale [INH Rabat], Institut National d'Hygiène, Rabat, Morocco, Service d'histologie, embryologie et cytogénétique [Béclère], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart], Equipe de Recherche Médicale Appliquée (ERMA), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503), BIO-INGENIERIE (XLIM-BIO-INGENIERIE), XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Pédiatrie médicale [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Génétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), IFR53, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Côte de Nacre [CHU Caen], CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Hôpital Maison Blanche, Hôpital Robert Debré, Hôpital Robert Debré-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges, and Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Developmental Disabilities, Disease, 030105 genetics & heredity, Neurodevelopmental disorder, Risk Factors, Gene Duplication, Medicine, Child, Genetics (clinical), miR-484, 3. Good health, Phenotype, Cardiovascular Diseases, Autism spectrum disorder, Child, Preschool, Speech delay, Female, medicine.symptom, Microtubule-Associated Proteins, NDE1, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Genetic counseling, MYH11, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Context (language use), Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Intellectual Disability, mental disorders, Genetics, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Clinical significance, Genetic Association Studies, business.industry, Infant, medicine.disease, neurodevelopmental disorder, 16p13.11 duplication, MicroRNAs, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, business, Neurocognitive, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16
Abstract: BackgroundThe clinical significance of 16p13.11 duplications remains controversial while frequently detected in patients with developmental delay (DD), intellectual deficiency (ID) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previously reported patients were not or poorly characterised. The absence of consensual recommendations leads to interpretation discrepancy and makes genetic counselling challenging. This study aims to decipher the genotype–phenotype correlations to improve genetic counselling and patients’ medical care.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed data from 16 013 patients referred to 12 genetic centers for DD, ID or ASD, and who had a chromosomal microarray analysis. The referring geneticists of patients for whom a 16p13.11 duplication was detected were asked to complete a questionnaire for detailed clinical and genetic data for the patients and their parents.ResultsClinical features are mainly speech delay and learning disabilities followed by ASD. A significant risk of cardiovascular disease was noted. About 90% of the patients inherited the duplication from a parent. At least one out of four parents carrying the duplication displayed a similar phenotype to the propositus. Genotype–phenotype correlations show no impact of the size of the duplicated segment on the severity of the phenotype. However, NDE1 and miR-484 seem to have an essential role in the neurocognitive phenotype.ConclusionOur study shows that 16p13.11 microduplications are likely pathogenic when detected in the context of DD/ID/ASD and supports an essential role of NDE1 and miR-484 in the neurocognitive phenotype. Moreover, it suggests the need for cardiac evaluation and follow-up and a large study to evaluate the aortic disease risk.
Published: 2018
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2. Developmental trajectories of neuroanatomical alterations associated with the 16p11.2 Copy Number Variations

Author: Alonso, Cárdenas-de-la-Parra, Sandra, Martin-Brevet, Clara, Moreau, Borja, Rodriguez-Herreros, Vladimir, S Fonov, Anne, M Maillard, Nicole, R Zürcher, 2 European Consortium, 16p11., Nouchine Hadjikhani 48, Jacques, S Beckmann 49, Alexandre Reymond 50, Bogdan Draganski 51, Sébastien Jacquemont 52, D Louis Collins 1, Marie-Claude Addor, 7, Joris Andrieux, 8, Benoît Arveiler, 9, Geneviève Baujatm 10, Frédérique Sloan-Bénan 11, Marco, Belfiore, Dominique Bonneau 12, Sonia Bouquillon 13, Odile Boute 14, Brusco, Alfredo, Tiffany Busa 16, Jean-Hubert Caberg 17, Dominique Campion 18, Vanessa Colombert 19, Marie-Pierre Cordier 20, Albert David 21, François-Guillaume Debray 22, Marie-Ange Delrue 23, Martine Doco-Fenzy 24, Ulrike Dunkhase-Heinl 25, Patrick Edery 20, Christina Fagerberg 26, Laurence Faivre 27, Francesca, Forzano, David Genevieve 29, Marion Gérard 30, Giachino, Daniela Francesca, Agnès Guichet 32, Olivier Guillin 33, Delphine Héron 34, Bertrand Isidor 21, Aurélia Jacquette 34, Sylvie Jaillard 35, Hubert Journel 19, Boris Keren 36, Didier Lacombe, 9, Sébastien Lebon 37, Cédric Le Caignec 38, Marie-Pierre Lemaître 39, James Lespinasse 40, Michèle Mathieu-Dramart 41, Sandra Mercier 21, Cyril Mignot 34, Chantal Missirian 16, Florence Petit 42, Kristina Pilekær Sørensen 26, Lucile Pinson 29, Ghislaine Plessis 30, Fabienne Prieur 43, Caroline Rooryck-Thambo 44, Rossi, Massimiliano, Damien Sanlaville 45, Britta Schlott Kristiansen 26, Caroline Schluth-Bolard 45, Marianne Till 20, Mieke Van Haelst 46, Lionel Van Maldergem, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions (EVA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston]-Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Human Genetics, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Service de génétique médicale, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, EHESP-Irset (EHESP-Irset), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 3388, MIRI Brain Canada, 201803PJT 400528 BSB, IVADO fund: a Canadian Institute of Health Research, Fonds de Recherche Nature et technologies du Québec, Roger De Spoelberch, Partridge Foundations, National Institute of Mental Health, N01-MH9-0002, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 33CS30-148401, National Science Foundation, MOP-111169, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, 31003A_160203, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F&#x00F6, rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Horizon 2020, Fondation Leenaards, and McGill University-McGill University
Subjects: Adult, Adolescent, DNA Copy Number Variations, Cognitive Neuroscience, Biology, computer.software_genre, 050105 experimental psychology, Imaging, White matter, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuroimaging, Voxel, Chromosome Duplication, Gene duplication, medicine, Genetics, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Copy-number variation, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 16p11.2 Copy number variants, Brain development, Neurodevelopmental disorders, Normative growth trajectories, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Brain, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Evolutionary biology, Child, Preschool, Endophenotype, Human genome, Chromosome Deletion, Insula, computer, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Most of human genome is present in two copies (maternal and paternal). However, segments of the genome can be deleted or duplicated, and many of these genomic variations (known as Copy Number Variants) are associated with psychiatric disorders. 16p11.2 copy number variants (breakpoint 4–5) confer high risk for neurodevelopmental disorders and are associated with structural brain alterations of large effect-size. Methods used in previous studies were unable to investigate the onset of these alterations and whether they evolve with age. In this study, we aim at characterizing age-related effects of 16p11.2 copy number variants by analyzing a group with a broad age range including younger individuals. A large normative developmental dataset was used to accurately adjust for effects of age. We normalized volumes of segmented brain regions as well as volumes of each voxel defined by tensor-based morphometry. Results show that the total intracranial volumes, the global gray and white matter volumes are respectively higher and lower in deletion and duplication carriers compared to control subjects at 4.5 years of age. These differences remain stable through childhood, adolescence and adulthood until 23 years of age (range: 0.5 to 1.0 Z-score). Voxel-based results are consistent with previous findings in 16p11.2 copy number variant carriers, including increased volume in the calcarine cortex and insula in deletions, compared to controls, with an inverse effect in duplication carriers (1.0 Z-score). All large effect-size voxel-based differences are present at 4.5 years and seem to remain stable until the age of 23. Our results highlight the stability of a neuroimaging endophenotype over 2 decades during which neurodevelopmental symptoms evolve at a rapid pace.
Published: 2019
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3. Duplication of 10q24 locus: broadening the clinical and radiological spectrum

Author: Joris Andrieux, Anna Sowińska-Seidler, Joo Wook Ahn, Elena Pollina, Clarisse Baumann, Chantal Farra, Florence Petit, Sébastien Jacquemont, Muriel Holder-Espinasse, Philippe Jonveaux, Jane A. Hurst, Sylvie Manouvrier-Hanu, Magdalena Socha, Neeti Ghali, Sahar Mansour, Albert David, Anne-Sylvie Valat, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Anne Moncla, Annick Toutain, Alain Verloes, Anna Jakubiuk-Tomaszuk, Nayana Lahiri, Estelle Colin, Annick Rossi, David Zhang, Philippe Bourgeot, Aleksander Jamsheer, Fabienne Escande, Marion Gérard, Aurélie Mezel, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Ghislaine Plessis, Christine Patch, Service de Génétique clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), biology and pathological laboratory, Institut de Génétique Médicale [CHRU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille], Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer (JPArc - U837 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université Lille 2 - Faculté de Médecine, Agricultural University of Krakow, Université de Lorraine (UL), Service de génétique médicale, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement (Inserm U781), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiopathologie et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de génétique [Tours], Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Service de Génétique [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Service de génétique clinique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, MLab, Dauphine Recherches en Management (DRM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Inst MitoVasc, Equipe MitoLab, Université d'Angers (UA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Wessex clinical genetics service, North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Department of Clinical Genetics/EMGO Institute for Health and Care research, Biometrics Research Center, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (POLYU), Laboratoire de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U1172 Inserm - U837 (JPArc), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, and MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex, BTRC, Limb Deformities, Congenital, Locus (genetics), Review Article, Biology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, Segmental Duplications, Genomic, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Gene duplication, Genetics, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetics (clinical), Segmental duplication, Gene Rearrangement, Regulation of gene expression, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, 0303 health sciences, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10, F-Box Proteins, 030305 genetics & heredity, Infant, Penetrance, Pedigree, Radiography, Wnt Proteins, Phenotype, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Child, Preschool, Female, Hand Deformities, Congenital, Limb morphogenesis
Abstract: International audience; Split-hand-split-foot malformation (SHFM) is a rare condition that occurs in 1 in 8500-25,000 newborns and accounts for 15% of all limb reduction defects. SHFM is heterogeneous and can be isolated, associated with other malformations, or syndromic. The mode of inheritance is mostly autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance, but can be X-linked or autosomal recessive. Seven loci are currently known: SHFM1 at 7q21.2q22.1 (DLX5 gene), SHFM2 at Xq26, SHFM3 at 10q24q25, SHFM4 at 3q27 (TP63 gene), SHFM5 at 2q31 and SHFM6 as a result of variants in WNT10B (chromosome 12q13). Duplications at 17p13.3 are seen in SHFM when isolated or associated with long bone deficiency. Tandem genomic duplications at chromosome 10q24 involving at least the DACTYLIN gene are associated with SHFM3. No point variant in any of the genes residing within the region has been identified so far, but duplication of exon 1 of the BTRC gene may explain the phenotype, with likely complex alterations of gene regulation mechanisms that would impair limb morphogenesis. We report on 32 new index cases identified by array-CGH and/or by qPCR, including some prenatal ones, leading to termination for the most severe. Twenty-two cases were presenting with SHFM and 7 with monodactyly only. Three had an overlapping phenotype. Additional findings were identified in 5 (renal dysplasia, cutis aplasia, hypogonadism and agenesis of corpus callosum with hydrocephalus). We present their clinical and radiological findings and review the literature on this rearrangement that seems to be one of the most frequent cause of SHFM.
Published: 2019
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4. A series of 38 novel germline and somatic mutations ofNIPBLin Cornelia de Lange syndrome

Author: Hervé Testard, Martine Doco-Fenzy, Alice Goldenberg, Fabienne Prieur, Caroline Michot, Marcia Henry, Sandrine Marlin, Sophie Blesson, Clarisse Baumann, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Philippe Loget, Sylvie Odent, Marlène Rio, Anne-Lise Delezoide, Andrée Delahaye-Duriez, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Anne Dieux-Coeslier, Audrey Putoux, Marie-Pierre Cordier-Alex, Ghislaine Plessis, Valérie Layet, Albert David, Mathilde Nizon, Bettina Bessières, Jelena Martinovic, Laurent Pasquier, Anne Bazin, and Laurence Faivre
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Genetics, Sanger sequencing, Mutation, Microcephaly, Cornelia de Lange Syndrome, Genetic counseling, Buccal swab, NIPBL, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, Germline, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 030104 developmental biology, medicine, symbols, Genetics (clinical)
Abstract: Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a multisystemic developmental disorder mainly related to de novo heterozygous NIPBL mutation. Recently, NIPBL somatic mosaicism has been highlighted through buccal cell DNA study in some patients with a negative molecular analysis on leukocyte DNA. Here, we present a series of 38 patients with a Cornelia de Lange syndrome related to an heterozygous NIPBL mutation identified by Sanger sequencing. The diagnosis was based on the following criteria: 1) intrauterine growth retardation and postnatal short stature, 2) feeding difficulties and/or gastro-oesophageal reflux, 3) microcephaly, 4) intellectual disability and 5) characteristic facial features. We identified 37 novel NIPBL mutations including 34 in leukocytes and three in buccal cells only. All mutations shown to have arisen de novo when parent blood samples were available. The present series confirms the difficulty in predicting the phenotype according to the NIPBL mutation. Until now, somatic mosaicism has been observed for twenty cases which does not seem to be consistently associated with a milder phenotype. Besides, several reports support a postzygotic event for those cases. Considering these elements, we recommend a first-line buccal cell DNA analysis in order to improve gene testing sensitivity in Cornelia de Lange syndrome and genetic counseling
Published: 2016
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5. Quantifying the effects of 16p11.2 copy number variants on brain structure: A multisite genetic-first study

Author: Sandra Martin-Brevet, Borja Rodríguez-Herreros, Jared A. Nielsen, Clara Moreau, Claudia Modenato, Anne M. Maillard, Aurélie Pain, Sonia Richetin, Aia E. Jønch, Abid Y. Qureshi, Nicole R. Zürcher, Philippe Conus, Wendy K. Chung, Elliott H. Sherr, John E. Spiro, Ferath Kherif, Jacques S. Beckmann, Nouchine Hadjikhani, Alexandre Reymond, Randy L. Buckner, Bogdan Draganski, Sébastien Jacquemont, Marie-Claude Addor, Joris Andrieux, Benoît Arveiler, Geneviève Baujat, Frédérique Sloan-Béna, Marco Belfiore, Dominique Bonneau, Sonia Bouquillon, Odile Boute, Alfredo Brusco, Tiffany Busa, Jean-Hubert Caberg, Dominique Campion, Vanessa Colombert, Marie-Pierre Cordier, Albert David, François-Guillaume Debray, Marie-Ange Delrue, Martine Doco-Fenzy, Ulrike Dunkhase-Heinl, Patrick Edery, Christina Fagerberg, Laurence Faivre, Francesca Forzano, David Genevieve, Marion Gérard, Daniela Giachino, Agnès Guichet, Olivier Guillin, Delphine Héron, Bertrand Isidor, Aurélia Jacquette, Sylvie Jaillard, Hubert Journel, Boris Keren, Didier Lacombe, Sébastien Lebon, Cédric Le Caignec, Marie-Pierre Lemaître, James Lespinasse, Michèle Mathieu-Dramart, Sandra Mercier, Cyril Mignot, Chantal Missirian, Florence Petit, Kristina Pilekær Sørensen, Lucile Pinson, Ghislaine Plessis, Fabienne Prieur, Caroline Rooryck-Thambo, Massimiliano Rossi, Damien Sanlaville, Britta Schlott Kristiansen, Caroline Schluth-Bolard, Marianne Till, Mieke Van Haelst, Lionel Van Maldergem, Hanalore Alupay, Benjamin Aaronson, Sean Ackerman, Katy Ankenman, Ayesha Anwar, Constance Atwell, Alexandra Bowe, Arthur L. Beaudet, Marta Benedetti, Jessica Berg, Jeffrey Berman, Leandra N. Berry, Audrey L. Bibb, Lisa Blaskey, Jonathan Brennan, Christie M. Brewton, Randy Buckner, Polina Bukshpun, Jordan Burko, Phil Cali, Bettina Cerban, Yishin Chang, Maxwell Cheong, Vivian Chow, Zili Chu, Darina Chudnovskaya, Lauren Cornew, Corby Dale, John Dell, Allison G. Dempsey, Trent Deschamps, Rachel Earl, James Edgar, Jenna Elgin, Jennifer Endre Olson, Yolanda L. Evans, Anne Findlay, Gerald D. Fischbach, Charlie Fisk, Brieana Fregeau, Bill Gaetz, Leah Gaetz, Silvia Garza, Jennifer Gerdts, Orit Glenn, Sarah E. Gobuty, Rachel Golembski, Marion Greenup, Kory Heiken, Katherine Hines, Leighton Hinkley, Frank I. Jackson, Julian Jenkins, Rita J. Jeremy, Kelly Johnson, Stephen M. Kanne, Sudha Kessler, Sarah Y. Khan, Matthew Ku, Emily Kuschner, Anna L. Laakman, Peter Lam, Morgan W. Lasala, Hana Lee, Kevin LaGuerre, Susan Levy, Alyss Lian Cavanagh, Ashlie V. Llorens, Katherine Loftus Campe, Tracy L. Luks, Elysa J. Marco, Stephen Martin, Alastair J. Martin, Gabriela Marzano, Christina Masson, Kathleen E. McGovern, Rebecca McNally Keehn, David T. Miller, Fiona K. Miller, Timothy J. Moss, Rebecca Murray, Srikantan S. Nagarajan, Kerri P. Nowell, Julia Owen, Andrea M. Paal, Alan Packer, Patricia Z. Page, Brianna M. Paul, Alana Peters, Danica Peterson, Annapurna Poduri, Nicholas J. Pojman, Ken Porche, Monica B. Proud, Saba Qasmieh, Melissa B. Ramocki, Beau Reilly, Timothy P.L. Roberts, Dennis Shaw, Tuhin Sinha, Bethanny Smith-Packard, Anne Snow Gallagher, Vivek Swarnakar, Tony Thieu, Christina Triantafallou, Roger Vaughan, Mari Wakahiro, Arianne Wallace, Tracey Ward, Julia Wenegrat, Anne Wolken, 16p11.2 European Consortium, Simons Variation in Individuals Project (VIP) Consortium, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology [Chandigarh] (IMTech), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research [India] (CSIR), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot (SHFJ), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Human Genetics, Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre [Göteborg, Sueden], Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology [Göteborg]-University of Gothenburg (GU), The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], Department of Psychiatry [Boston], Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Service de génétique médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Laboratoire de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine, Développement et Cancer, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Guglielmo Marconi University [Roma], Laboratoire de biomécanique (LBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Génétique clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Department of Medical Sciences, Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génétique du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques (GMFC), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), Service de cytogénétique constitutionnelle, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU de Lyon-Centre Neuroscience et Recherche, Department of Clinical Genetics, Vejle Hospital, Institute of Child Health, Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Service de génétique [Angers], Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Génétique médicale et fonctionnelle du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques, Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Génétique Médicale, Centre hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique (Morbihan) (CHBA)-Hôpital Chubert, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Physiopathologie et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de Génétique Chromosomique, Bâtiment Hôtel Dieu - Centre Hospitalier de Chambéry, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U1172 Inserm - U837 (JPArc), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Université de Lille, Service de génétique, CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Service de Génétique Clinique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, CHU Saint-Etienne, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule (LBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, Regional Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences! (UW psychiatry), University of Washington [Seattle], University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF, Unité de Recherches Zootechniques (URZ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, UCL Institute of Neurology, Biomagnetic Imaging Laboratory - University of California, SFARI219193, Simons Foundation, 31003A160203, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Roger De Spoelberch, Partridge Foundations, Jeanne et Jean Louis Levesque Foundation, 604102, Seventh Framework Programme, Canada Research Chairs, CRSII33-133044, SNSF Sinergia, 32003B_159780, SNSF National Centre of Competence in Research Synapsy, Foundation Parkinson Switzerland, Foundation Synapsis, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), CHU Sainte Justine [Montréal], Harvard University [Cambridge], Odense University Hospital (OUH), Department of radiology (Massachusetts General Hospital), Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Columbia University [New York], Simons Foundation, University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC), University of Gothenburg (GU), Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine / Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital [Montreal, Canada], Université de Montréal (UdeM)-CHU Sainte Justine [Montréal], Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Vejle Hospital [Danemark], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Harvard University, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine [Montreal], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), Human genetics, Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Intitute of Microbial Technology, Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU de Montpellier], Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Centre Hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique-Hôpital Chubert, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Centre de recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert-Neurosciences et Cancer, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Addor, M.C., Andrieux, J., Arveiler, B., Baujat, G., Sloan-Béna, F., Belfiore, M., Bonneau, D., Bouquillon, S., Boute, O., Brusco, A., Busa, T., Caberg, J.H., Campion, D., Colombert, V., Cordier, M.P., David, A., Debray, F.G., Delrue, M.A., Doco-Fenzy, M., Dunkhase-Heinl, U., Edery, P., Fagerberg, C., Faivre, L., Forzano, F., Genevieve, D., Gérard, M., Giachino, D., Guichet, A., Guillin, O., Héron, D., Isidor, B., Jacquette, A., Jaillard, S., Journel, H., Keren, B., Lacombe, D., Lebon, S., Le Caignec, C., Lemaître, M.P., Lespinasse, J., Mathieu-Dramart, M., Mercier, S., Mignot, C., Missirian, C., Petit, F., Pilekær Sørensen, K., Pinson, L., Plessis, G., Prieur, F., Rooryck-Thambo, C., Rossi, M., Sanlaville, D., Schlott Kristiansen, B., Schluth-Bolard, C., Till, M., Van Haelst, M., Van Maldergem, L., Alupay, H., Aaronson, B., Ackerman, S., Ankenman, K., Anwar, A., Atwell, C., Bowe, A., Beaudet, A.L., Benedetti, M., Berg, J., Berman, J., Berry, L.N., Bibb, A.L., Blaskey, L., Brennan, J., Brewton, C.M., Buckner, R., Bukshpun, P., Burko, J., Cali, P., Cerban, B., Chang, Y., Cheong, M., Chow, V., Chu, Z., Chudnovskaya, D., Cornew, L., Dale, C., Dell, J., Dempsey, A.G., Deschamps, T., Earl, R., Edgar, J., Elgin, J., Olson, J.E., Evans, Y.L., Findlay, A., Fischbach, G.D., Fisk, C., Fregeau, B., Gaetz, B., Gaetz, L., Garza, S., Gerdts, J., Glenn, O., Gobuty, S.E., Golembski, R., Greenup, M., Heiken, K., Hines, K., Hinkley, L., Jackson, F.I., Jenkins, J., Jeremy, R.J., Johnson, K., Kanne, S.M., Kessler, S., Khan, S.Y., Ku, M., Kuschner, E., Laakman, A.L., Lam, P., Lasala, M.W., Lee, H., LaGuerre, K., Levy, S., Cavanagh, A.L., Llorens, A.V., Campe, K.L., Luks, T.L., Marco, E.J., Martin, S., Martin, A.J., Marzano, G., Masson, C., McGovern, K.E., McNally Keehn, R., Miller, D.T., Miller, F.K., Moss, T.J., Murray, R., Nagarajan, S.S., Nowell, K.P., Owen, J., Paal, A.M., Packer, A., Page, P.Z., Paul, B.M., Peters, A., Peterson, D., Poduri, A., Pojman, N.J., Porche, K., Proud, M.B., Qasmieh, S., Ramocki, M.B., Reilly, B., Roberts, TPL, Shaw, D., Sinha, T., Smith-Packard, B., Gallagher, A.S., Swarnakar, V., Thieu, T., Triantafallou, C., Vaughan, R., Wakahiro, M., Wallace, A., Ward, T., Wenegrat, J., and Wolken, A.
Subjects: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Adolescent, DNA Copy Number Variations, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging, Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics, Brain/pathology, Child, Chromosome Deletion, Chromosome Duplication, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics, Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnostic imaging, Cognitive Dysfunction/genetics, Female, Humans, Intellectual Disability/diagnostic imaging, Intellectual Disability/genetics, Language, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Middle Aged, Neurodevelopmental Disorders/diagnostic imaging, Neurodevelopmental Disorders/genetics, Schizophrenia/diagnostic imaging, Schizophrenia/genetics, Young Adult, 16p11.2, Autism spectrum disorder, Copy number variant, Genetics, Imaging, Neurodevelopmental disorders, Biology, Biological Psychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Transverse temporal gyrus, Neuroimaging, Intellectual Disability, medicine, Cognitive Dysfunction, Copy-number variation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Brain morphometry, Brain, medicine.disease, 16p112, 030104 developmental biology, Schizophrenia, Williams syndrome, Neuroscience, Insula, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: BACKGROUND: 16p11.2 breakpoint 4 to 5 copy number variants (CNVs) increase the risk for developing autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and language and cognitive impairment. In this multisite study, we aimed to quantify the effect of 16p11.2 CNVs on brain structure.METHODS: Using voxel- and surface-based brain morphometric methods, we analyzed structural magnetic resonance imaging collected at seven sites from 78 individuals with a deletion, 71 individuals with a duplication, and 212 individuals without a CNV.RESULTS: Beyond the 16p11.2-related mirror effect on global brain morphometry, we observe regional mirror differences in the insula (deletion > control > duplication). Other regions are preferentially affected by either the deletion or the duplication: the calcarine cortex and transverse temporal gyrus (deletion > control; Cohen's d > 1), the superior and middle temporal gyri (deletion < control; Cohen's d < -1), and the caudate and hippocampus (control > duplication; -0.5 > Cohen's d > -1). Measures of cognition, language, and social responsiveness and the presence of psychiatric diagnoses do not influence these results.CONCLUSIONS: The global and regional effects on brain morphometry due to 16p11.2 CNVs generalize across site, computational method, age, and sex. Effect sizes on neuroimaging and cognitive traits are comparable. Findings partially overlap with results of meta-analyses performed across psychiatric disorders. However, the lack of correlation between morphometric and clinical measures suggests that CNV-associated brain changes contribute to clinical manifestations but require additional factors for the development of the disorder. These findings highlight the power of genetic risk factors as a complement to studying groups defined by behavioral criteria.
Published: 2018
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6. Further delineation of the MECP2 duplication syndrome phenotype in 59 French male patients, with a particular focus on morphological and neurological features

Author: Sophie Scheidecker, Françoise Devillard, Gaetan Lesca, Maryline Carneiro, Christèle Dubourg, Ganaëlle Remerand, Catherine Badens, Odile Boespflug-Tanguy, Nathalie Marle, Serge Romana, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Hubert Journel, Bénédicte Duban-Bedu, Brigitte Gilbert-Dussardier, Mathilde Nizon, Nathalie Perreton, Sophie Julia, Cyril Goizet, Delphine Héron, Véronique Satre, Marguerite Miguet, Joris Andrieux, Pierre-Simon Jouk, Laurence Perrin, Renaud Touraine, Ghislaine Plessis, Dominique Martin-Coignard, Caroline Rooryck, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Laurence Faivre, Salima El Chehadeh, Thierry Bienvenu, Jean-Luc Alessandri, Anne-Claude Tabet, Laurent Pasquier, Martine Raynaud, Réseau AChro-Puce, Marjolaine Willems, Bruno Leheup, Marianne Till, Jeanne Amiel, Jacqueline Vigneron, Nicole Philip, Valérie Kremer, Massimiliano Rossi, Boris Keren, Annick Toutain, Fabienne Prieur, Bertrand Isidor, Séverine Drunat, Marilyn Lackmy-Port-Lis, Albert David, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Damien Sanlaville, Laetitia Lambert, Lydie Burglen, Klaus Dieterich, Catherine Sarret, Anne Moncla, Didier Lacombe, Fanny Laffargue, Kim Maincent, Marlène Rio, Clarisse Baumann, Mathilde Lefebvre, Sabine Sigaudy, Laurent Guibaud, Adeline Vigouroux, Valérie Malan, Patrick Callier, Chantal Missirian, Christophe Philippe, Christine Francannet, Anne-Laure Mosca-Boidron, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Cédric Le Caignec, Vincent des Portes, Charles Coutton, Alexandra Afenjar, Sandrine Chantot-Bastaraud, Julien Thevenon, Mylène Béri-Dexheimer, Hilde Van Esch, Bernard Echenne, Jean-Marie Cuisset, Jean-Michel Pedespan, Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Génétique Clinique (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Service de Génétique Clinique [CHU Rennes] (Réseau de Génétique et Génomique Médicale), Hôpitaux Universitaires du Grand Ouest, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire & Génomique [CHU Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de génétique médicale [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Image Guided Clinical Neurosciences and Connectomics (IGCNC), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de neuropédiatrie et maladies métaboliques [CHU Robert-Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Service de génétique médicale - Unité de génétique clinique [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale (CHU de Nancy), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service de neuro-pédiatrie (CHRU de Lille), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Hopital Jeanne de Flandre, Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Service de génétique [Tours], Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Service de Radiologie [Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant - HCL], Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de génétique clinique [CHU Necker], Département de neurologie pédiatrique [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Génétique médicale [Centre Hospitalier de Vannes], Centre hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique (Morbihan) (CHBA), Service de génétique et embryologie médicales [CHU Trousseau], CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Biochimie et biologie moléculaire, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Service de génétique clinique [Debré], Dynamique Cellulaire et Tissulaire- Interdisciplinarité, Modèles & Microscopies (TIMC-IMAG-DyCTiM), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Maladies rares, génétique et métabolisme / Rare Diseases, Genetics and Metabolism, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École de sage femme - Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin - CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Génétique Médicale du CHU de Bordeaux, Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de génétique chromosomique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire (MARSEILLE - Biolo Moléculaire), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), CIC 1407, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de neurologie pédiatrique [CHU de Bordeaux], CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux], Clinique de Génétique médicale Guy Fontaine [CHRU LIlle], Centre de Génétique Chromosomique [Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul], GHICL-Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul, Service de Neuropédiatrie [CHU Necker - Enfants Malades], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion (CHU La Réunion), Laboratoire de génétique médicale et cytogénétique [Le Mans], Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans), Service de Génétique [HCL Groupement Hospitalier Est], Groupement hospitalier Lyon-Est, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire [CHU Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique et Moléculaire [CHU Dijon], Sarcomes osseux et remodelage des tissus calcifiés - Phy-Os [Nantes - INSERM U1238] (Phy-Os), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Laboratoire de Cytogénétique Constitutionnelle [Hospices civils de Lyon], Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique [CHU Lyon], Service Génétique Médicale [CHU Poitiers], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Service de génétique médicale [Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], Institut des Sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Laboratoire sur le langage, le cerveau et la cognition (L2C2), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre de référence des déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares (Hospices Civils de Lyon), Hospices civils de Lyon (HCL), Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Service de génétique clinique [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, Laboratoire de génétique moléculaire et génomique médicale [CHU Rennes], Service Génétique Médicale [CHU Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau, Dynamiques Cellulaire et Tissulaire - Interdisciplinarité, Modélisation & Microscopie (TIMC-IMAG-DyCTiM2), Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul-Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille (GHICL), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Groupement Hospitalier Lyon-Est (GHE), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, MECP2 duplication syndrome, MECP2gene, Scoliosis, MECP2duplication syndrome, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene duplication, Genetics, medicine, Spasticity, Genetics (clinical), X-linked, Vasomotor, business.industry, facial dysmorphism, medicine.disease, Gait, Hypotonia, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Xq28 duplication, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, genetic counselling
Abstract: The Xq28 duplication involving theMECP2gene (MECP2duplication) has been mainly described in male patients with severe developmental delay (DD) associated with spasticity, stereotypic movements and recurrent infections. Nevertheless, only a few series have been published. We aimed to better describe the phenotype of this condition, with a focus on morphological and neurological features. Through a national collaborative study, we report a large French series of 59 affected males with interstitialMECP2duplication. Most of the patients (93%) shared similar facial features, which evolved with age (midface hypoplasia, narrow and prominent nasal bridge, thick lower lip, large prominent ears), thick hair, livedo of the limbs, tapered fingers, small feet and vasomotor troubles. Early hypotonia and global DD were constant, with 21% of patients unable to walk. In patients able to stand, lower limbs weakness and spasticity led to a singular standing habitus: flexion of the knees, broad-based stance with pseudo-ataxic gait. Scoliosis was frequent (53%), such as divergent strabismus (76%) and hypermetropia (54%), stereotypic movements (89%), without obvious social withdrawal and decreased pain sensitivity (78%). Most of the patients did not develop expressive language, 35% saying few words. Epilepsy was frequent (59%), with a mean onset around 7.4 years of age, and often (62%) drug-resistant. Other medical issues were frequent: constipation (78%), and recurrent infections (89%), mainly lung. We delineate the clinical phenotype ofMECP2duplication syndrome in a large series of 59 males. Pulmonary hypertension appeared as a cause of early death in these patients, advocating its screening early in life.
Published: 2018
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7. A French multicenter study of over 700 patients with 22q11 deletions diagnosed using FISH or aCGH

Author: François Vialard, Eva Pipiras, Pascale Kleinfinger, Dominique Martin-Coignard, Marie Catty, Elisabeth Flori, Emilie Landais, Mylène Valduga, Marie-France Portnoï, Aline Receveur, Agnès Choiset, Ghislaine Plessis, Nathalie Le Meur, Audrey Basinko, Justine Besseau-Ayasse, James Lespinasse, Radu Harbuz, Céline Poirsier, Martine Doco-Fenzy, Pascaline Letard, Caroline Schluth-Bolard, Anne Bazin, Jérôme Toutain, Fabienne Prieur, Florence Amblard, Cédric Le Caignec, Tiffany Busa, Marie Christine de Blois, Melanie Jimenez, Patrick Callier, Chantal Missirian, Céline Pebrel-Richard, Paul Kuentz, Catherine Yardin, François Cartault, Hakima Lallaoui, Service de génétique [Reims], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), UVSQ - Département de maïeutique (UVSQ Maïeutique), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle (GMGF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Génétique moléculaire et génétique épidémiologique, Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement / Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies (PROTECT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de cytogénétique, CHU Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés (LISBP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de cytogénétique et génétique moléculaire [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims)-Hôpital Maison Blanche-IFR 53, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Service de génétique, Centre hospitalier Félix Guyon, Bellepierre, Département de Génétique Chromosomique, Bâtiment Hôtel Dieu - Centre Hospitalier de Chambéry, Laboratoire de génétique médicale et cytogénétique [Le Mans], Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Génétique et d'Embryologie Médicales [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Service d'histologie, embryologie et cytogénétique [Béclère], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Département de génétique et procréation, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Hôpital Couple-Enfant, Service d'Histologie, cytologie, cytogénétique, biologie cellulaire [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Activité Motrice et Adaptation PsychoPhysiologique (AMAPP), Université d'Orléans (UO), Service de génétique [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Service Histologie-embryologie-cytogénétique, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [Bondy], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Laboratoire Pasteur Cerba, Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, CHI Poissy-Saint-Germain, Service de gynécologie et obstétrique [CHI Poissy-Saint Germain], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Laboratoire CERBA [Saint Ouen l'Aumône], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [AP-HP], Association des Cytogénéticiens de Langue Française, Gamètes, implantation, gestation (GIG), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Laboratoire CERBA [Saint Ouen l'Aumône], Service de génétique et embryologie médicales [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [Bondy]
Subjects: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, 22q11 Deletion Syndrome, Adolescent, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Intellectual disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Testing, Child, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Genetics (clinical), Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Fetus, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Infant, Newborn, Cytogenetics, Infant, Microdeletion syndrome, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Child, Preschool, Cohort, Paternal Inheritance, Female, France, business, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract: Although 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is the most recurrent human microdeletion syndrome associated with a highly variable phenotype, little is known about the condition's true incidence and the phenotype at diagnosis. We performed a multicenter, retrospective analysis of postnatally diagnosed patients recruited by members of the Association des Cytogénéticiens de Langue Française (the French-Speaking Cytogeneticists Association). Clinical and cytogenetic data on 749 cases diagnosed between 1995 and 2013 were collected by 31 French cytogenetics laboratories. The most frequent reasons for referral of postnatally diagnosed cases were a congenital heart defect (CHD, 48.6%), facial dysmorphism (49.7%) and developmental delay (40.7%). Since 2007 (the year in which array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) was introduced for the routine screening of patients with intellectual disability), almost all cases have been diagnosed using FISH (96.1%). Only 15 cases (all with an atypical phenotype) were diagnosed with aCGH; the deletion size ranged from 745 to 2904 kb. The deletion was inherited in 15.0% of cases and was of maternal origin in 85.5% of the latter. This is the largest yet documented cohort of patients with 22q11.2DS (the most commonly diagnosed microdeletion) from the same population. French cytogenetics laboratories diagnosed at least 108 affected patients (including fetuses) per year from among a national population of ∼66 million. As observed for prenatal diagnoses, CHDs were the most frequently detected malformation in postnatal diagnoses. The most common CHD in postnatal diagnoses was an isolated septal defect.
Published: 2015
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8. PDE3A mutations cause autosomal dominant hypertension with brachydactyly

Author: Herbert Schuster, Franz Rüschendorf, Carolin Schächterle, Hermann Haller, Anita Rauch, Thomas F. Wienker, Eireen Bartels-Klein, Fabrice Vandeput, Sylvia Bähring, Martin G. Bialer, Friedrich C. Luft, Thomas Liehr, Andreas Busjahn, Anja Weise, Stefan Mundlos, Jurg Ott, Irene Hollfinger, Matthew A. Movsesian, Astrid Mühl, Ramin Naraghi, Maolian Gong, Fatimunnisa Qadri, Enno Klussmann, Herbert Schulz, Jens Jordan, Jochen Hecht, Knut Mai, Martin Kann, Katharina Rittscher, Carsten Lindschau, Nihat Bilginturan, Ghislaine Plessis, Dmitri Parkhomchuk, Peter Krawitz, David Chitayat, Okan Toka, Jens Tank, Maxwell Hopp, Atakan Aydin, Martin Vaegler, Philipp G. Maass, Norbert Hubner, Hakan R. Toka, Yvette Wefeld-Neuenfeld, Lars O Hattenbach, Russell Hodge, Sigmar Stricker, and Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Vascular smooth muscle, Adolescent, Molecular Sequence Data, Myocytes, Smooth Muscle, Acrodysostosis, Mutation, Missense, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Mice, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Missense mutation, Amino Acid Sequence, Child, Protein kinase A, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics & Heredity, Mutation, Base Sequence, Brachydactyly, Phosphodiesterase, Cell Differentiation, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3, Pedigree, Kinetics, Endocrinology, Blood pressure, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Case-Control Studies, Hypertension, Female, HeLa Cells
Abstract: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death worldwide, and hypertension is the major risk factor(1). Mendelian hypertension elucidates mechanisms of blood pressure regulation. Here we report six missense mutations in PDE3A (encoding phosphodiesterase 3A) in six unrelated families with mendelian hypertension and brachydactyly type E (HTNB)(2). The syndrome features brachydactyly type E (BDE), severe salt-independent but age-dependent hypertension, an increased fibroblast growth rate, neurovascular contact at the rostral-ventrolateral medulla, altered baroreflex blood pressure regulation and death from stroke before age 50 years when untreated(3,4). In vitro analyses of mesenchymal stem cell-derived vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and chondrocytes provided insights into molecular pathogenesis. The mutations increased protein kinase A-mediated PDE3A phosphorylation and resulted in gain of function, with increased cAMP-hydrolytic activity and enhanced cell proliferation. Levels of phosphorylated VASP were diminished, and PTHrP levels were dysregulated. We suggest that the identified PDE3A mutations cause the syndrome. VSMC-expressed PDE3A deserves scrutiny as a therapeutic target for the treatment of hypertension.
Published: 2015
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9. Further delineation of the

Author: Marguerite, Miguet, Laurence, Faivre, Jeanne, Amiel, Mathilde, Nizon, Renaud, Touraine, Fabienne, Prieur, Laurent, Pasquier, Mathilde, Lefebvre, Julien, Thevenon, Christèle, Dubourg, Sophie, Julia, Catherine, Sarret, Ganaëlle, Remerand, Christine, Francannet, Fanny, Laffargue, Odile, Boespflug-Tanguy, Albert, David, Bertrand, Isidor, Jacqueline, Vigneron, Bruno, Leheup, Laetitia, Lambert, Christophe, Philippe, Mylène, Béri-Dexheimer, Jean-Marie, Cuisset, Joris, Andrieux, Ghislaine, Plessis, Annick, Toutain, Laurent, Guibaud, Valérie, Cormier-Daire, Marlene, Rio, Jean-Paul, Bonnefont, Bernard, Echenne, Hubert, Journel, Lydie, Burglen, Sandrine, Chantot-Bastaraud, Thierry, Bienvenu, Clarisse, Baumann, Laurence, Perrin, Séverine, Drunat, Pierre-Simon, Jouk, Klaus, Dieterich, Françoise, Devillard, Didier, Lacombe, Nicole, Philip, Sabine, Sigaudy, Anne, Moncla, Chantal, Missirian, Catherine, Badens, Nathalie, Perreton, Christel, Thauvin-Robinet, Réseau, AChro-Puce, Jean-Michel, Pedespan, Caroline, Rooryck, Cyril, Goizet, Catherine, Vincent-Delorme, Bénédicte, Duban-Bedu, Nadia, Bahi-Buisson, Alexandra, Afenjar, Kim, Maincent, Delphine, Héron, Jean-Luc, Alessandri, Dominique, Martin-Coignard, Gaëtan, Lesca, Massimiliano, Rossi, Martine, Raynaud, Patrick, Callier, Anne-Laure, Mosca-Boidron, Nathalie, Marle, Charles, Coutton, Véronique, Satre, Cédric Le, Caignec, Valérie, Malan, Serge, Romana, Boris, Keren, Anne-Claude, Tabet, Valérie, Kremer, Sophie, Scheidecker, Adeline, Vigouroux, Marilyn, Lackmy-Port-Lis, Damien, Sanlaville, Marianne, Till, Maryline, Carneiro, Brigitte, Gilbert-Dussardier, Marjolaine, Willems, Hilde, Van Esch, Vincent Des, Portes, and Salima, El Chehadeh
Subjects: Adult, Male, Chromosomes, Human, X, Epilepsy, Adolescent, Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2, Developmental Disabilities, Hypertension, Pulmonary, Infant, Stereotypic Movement Disorder, Pedigree, Young Adult, Hyperopia, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Intellectual Disability, Mental Retardation, X-Linked, Somatosensory Disorders, Exotropia, Humans, France, Child
Abstract: The Xq28 duplication involving the
Published: 2017

10. Clinical Comparison of Overlapping Deletions of 19p13.3

Author: Jim Tepperberg, LaDonna Immken, David J. Amor, Stuart Schwartz, Virginia K. Proud, Peter Papenhausen, Joris Andrieux, Romela Pasion, Ghislaine Plessis, Tiong Yang Tan, Hiba Risheg, Elisabeth A. Keitges, and Stephanie Sacharow
Subjects: Male, Heart malformation, Developmental Disabilities, MAP2K2, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Young Adult, Intellectual Disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Copy-number variation, Child, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Genetics (clinical), Sequence Deletion, Microarray analysis techniques, Macrocephaly, Microarray Analysis, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Female, medicine.symptom, Haploinsufficiency, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19, SNP array
Abstract: We present three patients with overlapping interstitial deletions of 19p13.3 identified by high resolution SNP microarray analysis. All three had a similar phenotype characterized by intellectual disability or developmental delay, structural heart abnormalities, large head relative to height and weight or macrocephaly, and minor facial anomalies. Deletion sizes ranged from 792 Kb to 1.0 Mb and included a common region arr [hg19] 19p13.3 (3,814,392–4,136,989), containing eight genes: ZFR2, ATCAY, NMRK2, DAPK3, EEF2, PIAS4, ZBTB7A, MAP2K2, and two non-coding RNA's MIR637 and SNORDU37. The patient phenotypes were compared with three previous single patient reports with similar interstitial 19p13.3 deletions and six additional patients from the DECIPHER and ISCA databases to determine if a common haploinsufficient phenotype for the region can be established. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Published: 2013
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11. Mutations in KCTD1 Cause Scalp-Ear-Nipple Syndrome

Author: Felecia E. Cerrato, Jeanne Amiel, Matthew S. Edwards, Deborah A. Nickerson, Anita E. Beck, Michael Field, Kathryn M. Shively, Holly K. Tabor, Brian I. Labow, Joshua D. Smith, Jay Shendure, Ana Beatriz Alvarez Perez, Michael J. Bamshad, Martine Le Merrer, Jose A.R. Fortes, Nara Sobreira, Ghislaine Plessis, Maria Luisa Giovannucci Uzielli, Emily H. Turner, Alexander G. Marneros, Christopher T. Gordon, AK Lampe, Margaret J. McMillin, and Ernst J Reichenberger
Subjects: Male, Ectodermal dysplasia, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Missense, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Ectodermal Dysplasia, Report, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Missense mutation, Abnormalities, Multiple, Exome, Genetics(clinical), Amino Acid Sequence, Ear, External, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Branchio-oto-renal syndrome, Hypospadias, Mutation, Scalp, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, medicine.disease, Pedigree, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Repressor Proteins, Phenotype, Nipples, Muscle Hypotonia, Female, Scalp–ear–nipple syndrome, Co-Repressor Proteins, Branchio-oculo-facial syndrome, Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome
Abstract: Scalp-ear-nipple (SEN) syndrome is a rare, autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by cutis aplasia of the scalp; minor anomalies of the external ears, digits, and nails; and malformations of the breast. We used linkage analysis and exome sequencing of a multiplex family affected by SEN syndrome to identify potassium-channel tetramerization-domain-containing 1 (KCTD1) mutations that cause SEN syndrome. Evaluation of a total of ten families affected by SEN syndrome revealed KCTD1 missense mutations in each family tested. All of the mutations occurred in a KCTD1 region encoding a highly conserved bric-a-brac, tram track, and broad complex (BTB) domain that is required for transcriptional repressor activity. KCTD1 inhibits the transactivation of the transcription factor AP-2α (TFAP2A) via its BTB domain, and mutations in TFAP2A cause cutis aplasia in individuals with branchiooculofacial syndrome (BOFS), suggesting a potential overlap in the pathogenesis of SEN syndrome and BOFS. The identification of KCTD1 mutations in SEN syndrome reveals a role for this BTB-domain-containing transcriptional repressor during ectodermal development.
Published: 2013
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12. Neurofibromatosis-1gene deletions and mutations in de novo adult acute myeloid leukemia

Author: Martin Figeac, Olivier Nibourel, Nathalie Gachard, Catherine Roche-Lestienne, Céline Villenet, Ghislaine Plessis, Isabelle Tigaud, Claude Preudhomme, Jean Soulier, Meyling Cheok, Virginie Eclache, Frédéric Leprêtre, Nicolas Boissel, Hervé Dombret, Wendy Cuccuini, Christine Terré, Aline Renneville, Christine Perot, Elise Boudry-Labis, and Sandrine Geffroy
Subjects: Adult, Male, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, medicine.medical_specialty, Neurofibromatosis 1, Myeloid, Adolescent, Biology, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Gene Frequency, Mutation Rate, medicine, Humans, neoplasms, Alleles, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Aged, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Neurofibromin 1, medicine.diagnostic_test, Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, Cytogenetics, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Myeloid leukemia, Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Hematology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, eye diseases, nervous system diseases, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Leukemia, medicine.anatomical_structure, Karyotyping, Female, Gene Deletion, Fluorescence in situ hybridization, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract: Germline heterozygous alterations of the tumor-suppressor gene neurofibromatosis-1 (NF1) lead to neurofibromatosis type 1, a genetic disorder characterized by a higher risk to develop juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia and/or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). More recently, somatic 17q11 deletions encompassing NF1 have been described in many adult myeloid malignancies. In this context, we aimed to define NF1 involvement in AML. We screened a total of 488 previously untreated de novo AML patients for the NF1 deletion using either array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) or real-time quantitative PCR/fluorescence in situ hybridization approaches. We also applied massively parallel sequencing for in depth mutation analysis of NF1 in 20 patients including five NF1-deleted patients. We defined a small ∼0.3 Mb minimal deleted region involving NF1 by aCGH and an overall frequency of NF1 deletion of 3.5% (17/485). NF1 deletion is significantly associated with unfavorable cytogenetics and with monosomal karyotype notably. We discovered six NF1 variants of unknown significance in 7/20 patients of which only one out of four disappeared in corresponding complete remission sample. In addition, only one out of five NF1-deleted patients has an acquired coding mutation in the remaining allele. In conclusion, direct NF1 inactivation is infrequent in de novo AML and may be a secondary event probably involved in leukemic progression.
Published: 2013
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13. A novel microdeletion syndrome at 9q21.13 characterised by mental retardation, speech delay, epilepsy and characteristic facial features

Author: Göran Annerén, Cédric Le Caignec, Joris Andrieux, Henri Copin, Donald R. Love, Ingrid Simonic, Helen V. Firth, Ghislaine Plessis, Juliet Taylor, Salim Aftimos, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Adelheid Wiemer-Kruel, Bénédicte Demeer, Elise Boudry-Labis, Joris Vermeesch, Alice M. George, Juergen Kohlhase, Ann-Charlotte Thuresson, and Bertrand Isidor
Subjects: Male, Adolescent, Genetic syndromes, Developmental Disabilities, Karyotype, TRPM Cation Channels, Epilepsy, Intellectual Disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Language Development Disorders, Hypertelorism, Child, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics (clinical), Philtrum, business.industry, Serine Endopeptidases, Breakpoint, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Infant, Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 2, Proteins, General Medicine, Microdeletion syndrome, Microarray Analysis, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Neoplasm Proteins, Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor), medicine.anatomical_structure, Child, Preschool, Speech delay, Female, Proprotein Convertases, Chromosome Deletion, medicine.symptom, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9, business, Electron Probe Microanalysis
Abstract: The increased use of array-CGH and SNP-arrays for genetic diagnosis has led to the identification of new microdeletion/microduplication syndromes and enabled genotype-phenotype correlations to be made. In this study, nine patients with 9q21 deletions were investigated and compared with four previously Decipher reported patients. Genotype-phenotype comparisons of 13 patients revealed several common major characteristics including significant developmental delay, epilepsy, neuro-behavioural disorders and recognizable facial features including hypertelorism, feature-less philtrum, and a thin upper lip. The molecular investigation identified deletions with different breakpoints and of variable lengths, but the 750 kb smallest overlapping deleted region includes four genes. Among these genes, RORB is a strong candidate for a neurological phenotype. To our knowledge, this is the first published report of 9q21 microdeletions and our observations strongly suggest that these deletions are responsible for a new genetic syndrome characterised by mental retardation with speech delay, epilepsy, autistic behaviour and moderate facial dysmorphy.
Published: 2013
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14. Mutations inWNT10Aare frequently involved in oligodontia associated with minor signs of ectodermal dysplasia

Author: Encarna Guillén-Navarro, Sabine Sigaudy, Christine Coubes, Ghislaine Plessis, Dominique Martin-Coignard, Marc Abramowicz, Philippe Jonveaux, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Frédéric Vaysse, Isabelle Bailleul-Forestier, Estelle Colin, V. Gaston, Nicolas Chassaing, Didier Lacombe, Bénédicte Demeer, Muriel Holder-Espinasse, Patrick Calvas, Julie Plaisancié, Hélène Dollfus, Eric Bieth, Alain Verloes, and Laurence Faivre
Subjects: Male, Ectodermal dysplasia, Genotype, Molecular Sequence Data, medicine.disease_cause, Compound heterozygosity, Ectodermal Dysplasia, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics (clinical), Anodontia, Mutation, EDARADD, Edar Receptor, Genetic heterogeneity, business.industry, medicine.disease, Wnt Proteins, Hypodontia, Phenotype, Female, Ectodysplasin A, business, Sequence Alignment
Abstract: Ectodermal dysplasias (ED) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of hereditary disorders that have in common abnormal development of ectodermal derivatives. Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is characterized by abnormal development of eccrine sweat glands, hair, and teeth. The X-linked form of the disease, caused by mutations in the EDA gene, represents the majority of patients with the hypohidrotic form. Autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive forms are occasionally seen, and result from mutations in at least three genes (WNT10A, EDAR, or more rarely EDARADD). We have screened for mutations in EDAR (commonly involved in the hypohidrotic form) and WNT10A (involved in a wide spectrum of ED and in isolated hypodontia) in a cohort of 36 patients referred for EDA molecular screening, which failed to identify any mutation. We identified eight EDAR mutations in five patients (two with homozygous mutations, one with compound heterozygous mutations, and two with heterozygous mutation), four of which were novel variants. We identified 28 WNT10A mutations in 16 patients (5 with homozygous mutations, 7 with compound heterozygous mutations, and 4 with heterozygous mutations), seven of which were novel variants. Our study allows a more precise definition of the phenotypic spectrum associated with EDAR and WNT10A mutations and underlines the importance of the implication of WNT10A among patients with ED. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Published: 2013
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15. ALDH1A3 Mutations Cause Recessive Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia

Author: Sylvie Gerber, Eduardo Silva, Valérie Serre, Jean-Michel Rozet, Stanislas Lyonnet, Sylvain Hanein, Bénédicte Demeer, Ghislaine Plessis, P Calvas, Lionel Bretillon, Lucas Fares-Taie, Christine Bole, Nicola K. Ragge, Jill Clayton-Smith, Xavier Gérard, Arnold Munnich, Clarisse Baumann, Margaux Serey, Patrick Nitschke, Josseline Kaplan, Nicolas Chassaing, Kaplan, Josseline, and Rozet, Jean-Michel
Subjects: Male, Genetic Linkage, Retinoic acid, Genes, Recessive, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Microphthalmia, chemistry.chemical_compound, symbols.namesake, Chromosome Segregation, Report, medicine, Genetics, Food and Nutrition, Humans, Microphthalmos, Missense mutation, Genetics(clinical), Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, Mutation, Anophthalmia, Homozygote, Anophthalmos, Exons, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Disease gene identification, medicine.disease, Aldehyde Oxidoreductases, Molecular biology, Introns, eye diseases, Pedigree, HEK293 Cells, chemistry, Alimentation et Nutrition, symbols, Female, Mutant Proteins, sense organs
Abstract: Anophthalmia and microphthalmia (A/M) are early-eye-development anomalies resulting in absent or small ocular globes, respectively. A/M anomalies occur in syndromic or nonsyndromic forms. They are genetically heterogeneous, some mutations in some genes being responsible for both anophthalmia and microphthalmia. Using a combination of homozygosity mapping, exome sequencing, and Sanger sequencing, we identified homozygosity for one splice-site and two missense mutations in the gene encoding the A3 isoform of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1A3) in three consanguineous families segregating A/M with occasional orbital cystic, neurological, and cardiac anomalies. ALDH1A3 is a key enzyme in the formation of a retinoic acid gradient along the dorso-ventral axis during early eye development. Transitory expression of mutant ALDH1A3 open reading frames showed that both missense mutations reduce the accumulation of the enzyme, potentially leading to altered retinoic acid synthesis. Although the role of retinoic acid signaling in eye development is well established, our findings provide genetic evidence of a direct link between retinoic-acid-synthesis dysfunction and early-eye-development anomalies in humans.
Published: 2013
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16. Type 0 Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Further Delineation of Prenatal and Postnatal Features in 16 Patients

Author: Anne-Marie Guerrot, Joelle Roume, Thierry Frebourg, Patricia Faure, Pascale Saugier-Veber, Sylvain Renolleau, Séverine Audebert-Bellanger, Gilles Morin, Isabelle Desguerre, Renaud Touraine, Ghislaine Plessis, Séverine Drunat, Marjolaine Willems, Sarah Grotto, Hubert Journel, Eric Verspyck, Brigitte Simon-Bouy, Jean-Marie Cuisset, Anne-Gaëlle Grebille, Stéphane Marret, Vincent Flurin, Service de génétique [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Maladies Neuromusculaires de l'Enfant, Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille], Team 4 'NeoVasc' - INSERM U1245, Génomique et Médecine Personnalisée du Cancer et des Maladies Neuropsychiatriques (GPMCND), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement / Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies (PROTECT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de génétique médicale en pédiatrie [CHRU Brest], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Service de neurologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Génétique médicale [Centre Hospitalier de Vannes], Centre hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique (Morbihan) (CHBA), Institut d'histoire du temps présent (IHTP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Neurobiologie des processus adaptatifs (NPA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHI Poissy-Saint-Germain, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Service de Génétique Clinique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, CHU Saint-Etienne-Hôpital Nord - Saint-Etienne, Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Génétique du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques (GMFC), Service de gynécologie et obstétrique [CHU Rouen], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Team 4 NeoVasc - Region Team ERI 28 INSERM (Neovasc), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)
Subjects: Heart Defects, Congenital, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Weakness, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], SMN1, Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, 03 medical and health sciences, Life Expectancy, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Increased nuchal translucency, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Arthrogryposis, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn, Pregnancy, Reflex, Abnormal, business.industry, Homozygote, Infant, Newborn, Muscle weakness, Spinal muscular atrophy, medicine.disease, SMA, Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein, Cranial Nerve Diseases, Hypotonia, 3. Good health, Survival of Motor Neuron 2 Protein, 030104 developmental biology, Autonomic Nervous System Diseases, Neurology, Muscle Hypotonia, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by homozygous inactivation of the SMN1 gene. The SMN2 copy number modulates the severity of SMA. The 0SMN1/1SMN2 genotype, the most severe genotype compatible with life, is expected to be associated with the most severe form of the disease, called type 0 SMA, defined by prenatal onset. Objective The aim of the study was to review clinical features and prenatal manifestations in this rare SMA subtype. Methods SMA patients with the 0SMN1/1SMN2 genotype were retrospectively collected using the UMD-SMN1 France database. Results Data from 16 patients were reviewed. These 16 patients displayed type 0 SMA. At birth, a vast majority had profound hypotonia, severe muscle weakness, severe respiratory distress, and cranial nerves involvement (inability to suck/swallow, facial muscles weakness). They showed characteristics of fetal akinesia deformation sequence and congenital heart defects. Recurrent episodes of bradycardia were observed. Death occurred within the first month. At prenatal stage, decreased fetal movements were frequently reported, mostly only by mothers, in late stages of pregnancy; increased nuchal translucency was reported in about half of the cases; congenital heart defects, abnormal amniotic fluid volume, or joint contractures were occasionally reported. Conclusion Despite a prenatal onset attested by severity at birth and signs of fetal akinesia deformation sequence, prenatal manifestations of type 0 SMA are not specific and not constant. As illustrated by the frequent association with congenital heart defects, type 0 SMA physiopathology is not restricted to motor neuron, highlighting that SMN function is critical for organogenesis.
Published: 2016
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17. 9q33.3q34.11 microdeletion: new contiguous gene syndrome encompassing STXBP1, LMX1B and ENG genes assessed using reverse phenotyping

Author: Laurence Faivre, Marie-Ange Delrue, Nathalie Marle, Fanny Morice-Picard, Pierre-Simon Jouk, Delphine Héron, Alice Goldenberg, Stéphanie Perez-Martin, Julien Thevenon, Frédéric Huet, Véronique Dulieu, Alice Masurel, Patricia Calenda, Patrick Callier, Salima El Chehadeh, Sylvie Manouvrier-Hanu, Sophie Dupuis-Girod, Pascale Saugier-Veber, Gipsy Billy-Lopez, Joris Andrieux, Paul Kuentz, Ghislaine Plessis, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Géraldine Joly-Helas, Sophie Nambot, Mathilde Lefebvre, Charles Coutton, Anne-Laure Mosca-Boidron, Caroline Rooryck, Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Service de Cardiologie, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Laboratoire de cytogénétique (CHU de Dijon), Pôle Rééducation - Réadaptation (Médecine Physique et Réadaptation) (CHU de Dijon), Service de pédiatrie (CHU de Dijon), EDF ( EDF ), Laboratoire de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications [Grenoble] ( TIMC-IMAG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] ( CHU ), Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble ( INSERM U823 ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service de génétique médicale, Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Maladies Rares - Génétique et Métabolisme ( MRGM ), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Hôpital Pellegrin-Service de Génétique Médicale du CHU de Bordeaux, Groupe de Recherche Clinique : Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme ( GRC ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Centre de Référence des Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Service de génétique [Rouen], CHU Rouen-Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Génétique du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques ( GMFC ), Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service de Génétique, Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Groupe Hospitalier Est, Regional council of Burgundy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de Cardiologie (hôpital général, CHU Dijon), Hôpital général (CHU Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, EDF (EDF), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Dynamiques Cellulaire et Tissulaire - Interdisciplinarité, Modélisation & Microscopie (TIMC-IMAG-DyCTiM2), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble (INSERM U823), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Maladies Rares - Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), Groupe de Recherche Clinique : Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme (GRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Génétique du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques (GMFC), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Groupe Hospitalier Est, IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Dynamique Cellulaire et Tissulaire- Interdisciplinarité, Modèles & Microscopies (TIMC-IMAG-DyCTiM), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-EFS-CHU Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, [ SDV.MHEP.PED ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Haploinsufficiency, cerebral hypomyelination, west-syndrome, Bioinformatics, Craniofacial Abnormalities, 0302 clinical medicine, Intellectual disability, STXBP1, Child, Genetics (clinical), Nail patella syndrome, Genetics, Endoglin, Syndrome, 3. Good health, developmental delay, Phenotype, intellectual disability, Medical genetics, Female, Chromosome Deletion, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, LIM-Homeodomain Proteins, Biology, Contiguous gene syndrome, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Munc18 Proteins, Genetic linkage, medicine, Humans, de-novo mutations, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, disease, Epilepsy, infantile epileptic encephalopathy, association, deletions, medicine.disease, Human genetics, 030104 developmental biology, nail-patella syndrome, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Transcription Factors
Abstract: International audience; The increasing use of array-CGH in malformation syndromes with intellectual disability could lead to the description of new contiguous gene syndrome by the analysis of the gene content of the microdeletion and reverse phenotyping. Thanks to a national and international call for collaboration by Achropuce and Decipher, we recruited four patients carrying de novo overlapping deletions of chromosome 9q33.3q34.11, including the STXBP1, the LMX1B and the ENG genes. We restrained the selection to these three genes because the effects of their haploinsufficency are well described in the literature and easily recognizable clinically. All deletions were detected by array-CGH and confirmed by FISH. The patients display common clinical features, including intellectual disability with epilepsy, owing to the presence of STXBP1 within the deletion, nail dysplasia and bone malformations, in particular patellar abnormalities attributed to LMX1B deletion, epistaxis and cutaneousmucous telangiectasias explained by ENG haploinsufficiency and common facial dysmorphism. This systematic analysis of the genes comprised in the deletion allowed us to identify genes whose haploinsufficiency is expected to lead to disease manifestations and complications that require personalized follow-up, in particular for renal, eye, ear, vascular and neurological manifestations.
Published: 2016
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18. A 600 kb deletion syndrome at 16p11.2 leads to energy imbalance and neuropsychiatric disorders

Author: Laurent Pasquier, Anne V. Snow, David T. Miller, Louise Harewood, Christina Triantafallou, Timothy P.L. Roberts, Leighton B. Hinkley, Zili Chu, Louis Vallée, Alyss Lian Cavanagh, Evica Rajcan-Separovic, Patricia Blanchet, Fiona Miller, Robin P. Goin-Kochel, Beau Reilly, Bettina Cerban, Vanessa Siffredi, Bridget A. Fernandez, Roger Vaughan, Brianna M. Paul, Fanny Morice-Picard, Elisabeth Flori, Dominique Campion, Gérard Didelot, Anne Philippe, Christa Lese Martin, Srikantan S. Nagarajan, Joris Andrieux, Jacques Puechberty, Marie Pierre Cordier, Jill V. Hunter, Ellen van Binsbergen, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Vivek Swarnakar, Jean Marie Cuisset, Monica Proud, Patrick Callier, Bert B.A. de Vries, Jeffrey I. Berman, Sarah J. Spence, Alexandra Bowe, Wendy K. Chung, Katy Ankenman, Katherine Hines, Sarah E. Gobuty, Philippe Jonveaux, Lisa Blaskey, Alice Goldenberg, Sylvie Jaillard, Alessandra Renieri, Anne M. Maillard, Tracy Luks, Lee Anne Green Snyder, Elliott H. Sherr, Sarah Y. Khan, Fabienne Prieur, Simon A. Zwolinski, Andres Metspalu, Ghislaine Plessis, Jean Chiesa, Rita J. Jeremy, Valérie Malan, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Loyse Hippolyte, Bethanny Smith-Packard, Andrea M. Paal, Bénédicte Duban Bedu, Claudine Rieubland, Jordan Burko, Sylvie Joriot, Philippe Conus, Dominique Bonneau, Benoit Arveiler, Nicole de Leeuw, Allison G. Dempsey, John E. Spiro, Julia Wenegrat, Bertrand Isidor, Cédric Le Caignec, Kyle J. Steinman, Bruno Delobel, Ashlie Llorens, Jacques S. Beckmann, Kelly Johnson, Sean Ackerman, Polina Bukshpun, Silvia Garza, Alexandre Reymond, Damien Sanlaville, Ellen Hanson, Martine Doco-Fenzy, Jacques Thonney, Mari Wakahiro, Juliane Hoyer, Jacqueline Vigneron, Katrin Õunap, Arthur L. Beaudet, Mandy Barker, Nicole Visyak, Sonia Bouquillon, W. Andrew Faucett, Raphael Bernier, Sudha Kilaru Kessler, Audrey Lynn Bibb, Dennis Shaw, R. Frank Kooy, Suzanne M E Lewis, Anna L. Laakman, Nicholas J. Pojman, Hubert Journel, Laura Bernardini, Arianne Stevens, Julia P. Owen, Rebecca Mc Nally Keehn, Stéphanie Selmoni, Sébastien Lebon, Aurélien Macé, Bruno Leheup, Saba Qasmieh, Zoltán Kutalik, Anita Rauch, Yiping Shen, Elysa J. Marco, Nathalie Van der Aa, Carina Ferrari, Noam D. Beckmann, Delphine Héron, Jennifer Tjernage, Benjamin Aaronson, Albert David, Marie Pierre Lemaitre, Muriel Holder, Eve Õiglane-Shlik, Anneke T. Vulto-van Silfhout, Flore Zufferey, Constance Atwell, Marta Benedetti, Ellen Grant, Jenna Elgin, Patricia Z. Page, Caroline Rooryck, Randy L. Buckner, Qixuan Chen, Laurence Faivre, Sébastien Jacquemont, Kerri P. Nowell, Florence Fellmann, Disciglio Vittoria, Katharina Magdalena Rötzer, Hana Lee, Alastair J. Martin, Marion Greenup, David H. Ledbetter, Katrin Männik, Morgan W. Lasala, Jennifer Gerdts, Hanalore Alupay, Florence Petit, Elizabeth Aylward, Gerald D. Fischbach, Mafalda Mucciolo, Maxwell Cheong, Gabriela Marzano, Frédérique Béna, Danielle Martinet, Timothy J. Moss, Odile Boute, Jennifer Olson, Marco Belfiore, Christina Fagerberg, Corby L. Dale, Robert M. Witwicki, Yolanda L. Evans, Melissa B. Ramocki, Marie-Claude Addor, Christèle Dubourg, Mariken Ruiter, Tuhin K. Sinha, Mieke M. van Haelst, Alan Packer, Kathleen E. McGovern, Christie M. Brewton, Stephen M. Kanne, Richard I. Fisher, Tracey Ward, Sophie Dupuis-Girod, Pratik Mukherjee, Simons VIP Consortium, 16p11.2 European Consortium, Addor, MC., Arveiler, B., Belfiore, M., Bena, F., Bernardini, L., Blanchet, P., Bonneau, D., Boute, O., Callier, P., Campion, D., Chiesa, J., Cordier, MP., Cuisset, JM., David, A., de Leeuw, N., de Vries, B., Didelot, G., Doco-Fenzy, M., Bedu, BD., Dubourg, C., Dupuis-Girod, S., Fagerberg, CR., Faivre, L., Fellmann, F., Fernandez, BA., Fisher, R., Flori, E., Goldenberg, A., Heron, D., Holder, M., Hoyer, J., Isidor, B., Jaillard, S., Jonveaux, P., Joriot, S., Journel, H., Kooy, F., le Caignec, C., Leheup, B., Lemaitre, MP., Lewis, S., Malan, V., Mathieu-Dramard, M., Metspalu, A., Morice-Picard, F., Mucciolo, M., Oiglane-Shlik, E., Ounap, K., Pasquier, L., Petit, F., Philippe, A., Plessis, G., Prieur, F., Puechberty, J., Rajcan-Separovic, E., Rauch, A., Renieri, A., Rieubland, C., Rooryck, C., Rötzer, KM., Ruiter, M., Sanlaville, D., Selmoni, S., Shen, Y., Siffredi, V., Thonney, J., Vallée, L., van Binsbergen, E., Van der Aa, N., van Haelst MM., Vigneron, J., Vincent-Delorme, C., Vittoria, D., Vulto-van Silfhout AT., Witwicki, RM., Zwolinski, SA., Bowe, A., Beaudet, AL., Brewton, CM., Chu, Z., Dempsey, AG., Evans, YL., Garza, S., Kanne, SM., Laakman, AL., Lasala, MW., Llorens, AV., Marzano, G., Moss, TJ., Nowell, KP., Proud, MB., Chen, Q., Vaughan, R., Berman, J., Blaskey, L., Hines, K., Kessler, S., Khan, SY., Qasmieh, S., Bibb, AL., Paal, AM., Page, PZ., Smith-Packard, B., Buckner, R., Burko, J., Cavanagh, AL., Cerban, B., Snow, AV., Snyder, LG., Keehn, RM., Miller, DT., Miller, FK., Olson, JE., Triantafallou, C., Visyak, N., Atwell, C., Benedetti, M., Fischbach, GD., Greenup, M., Packer, A., Bukshpun, P., Cheong, M., Dale, C., Gobuty, SE., Hinkley, L., Jeremy, RJ., Lee, H., Luks, TL., Marco, EJ., Martin, AJ., McGovern, KE., Nagarajan, SS., Owen, J., Paul, BM., Pojman, NJ., Sinha, T., Swarnakar, V., Wakahiro, M., Alupay, H., Aaronson, B., Ackerman, S., Ankenman, K., Elgin, J., Gerdts, J., Johnson, K., Reilly, B., Shaw, D., Stevens, A., Ward, T., Wenegrat, J., Other departments, Service de génétique médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Department of Medical Genetics, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Centre de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul-GHICL, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Baylor University-Baylor University, Texas Children's Hospital [Houston, USA], Department of pediatrics, Primary palliative Care Research Group, Community Health Sciences, General Practice Section, University of Edinburgh, Center for Integrative Genomics - Institute of Bioinformatics, Génopode (CIG), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Physiopathologie et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Developmental Brain and Behaviour Unit, University of Southampton, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California-Semel Institute, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Service de Cytogénétique et de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul-Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille (GHICL), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-Semel Institute, Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], and Kooy, Frank
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Heterozygote, Adolescent, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Developmental Disabilities, Biology, Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Order, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Copy-number variation, Clinical genetics, Obesity, Young adult, Child, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/diagnosis, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/genetics, Chromosome Deletion, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, Developmental Disabilities/diagnosis, Developmental Disabilities/genetics, Female, Intelligence Tests, Phenotype, Syndrome, 2. Zero hunger, Psychiatry, 0303 health sciences, Intelligence quotient, Neuropsychology, Complex traits, medicine.disease, Comorbidity, 3. Good health, Autism spectrum disorder, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Autism, Medical genetics, Human medicine, Copy-Number Variation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background The recurrent ∼600 kb 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 deletion is among the most frequent known genetic aetiologies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and related neurodevelopmental disorders. Objective To define the medical, neuropsychological, and behavioural phenotypes in carriers of this deletion. Methods We collected clinical data on 285 deletion carriers and performed detailed evaluations on 72 carriers and 68 intrafamilial non-carrier controls. Results When compared to intrafamilial controls, full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) is two standard deviations lower in carriers, and there is no difference between carriers referred for neurodevelopmental disorders and carriers identified through cascade family testing. Verbal IQ (mean 74) is lower than non-verbal IQ (mean 83) and a majority of carriers require speech therapy. Over 80% of individuals exhibit psychiatric disorders including ASD, which is present in 15% of the paediatric carriers. Increase in head circumference (HC) during infancy is similar to the HC and brain growth patterns observed in idiopathic ASD. Obesity, a major comorbidity present in 50% of the carriers by the age of 7 years, does not correlate with FSIQ or any behavioural trait. Seizures are present in 24% of carriers and occur independently of other symptoms. Malformations are infrequently found, confirming only a few of the previously reported associations. Conclusions The 16p11.2 deletion impacts in a quantitative and independent manner FSIQ, behaviour and body mass index, possibly through direct influences on neural circuitry. Although non-specific, these features are clinically significant and reproducible. Lastly, this study demonstrates the necessity of studying large patient cohorts ascertained through multiple methods to characterise the clinical consequences of rare variants involved in common diseases.
Published: 2012
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19. 21q21 deletion involving NCAM2: Report of 3 cases with neurodevelopmental disorders

Author: Florence Petit, Matthieu Decamp, Moira Blyth, Joris Andrieux, Ghislaine Plessis, Maria Pendlebury, and Jean-Marie Cuisset
Subjects: Male, Genetics, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21, Developmental Disabilities, Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1, General Medicine, Biology, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Fasciculation, Child, Preschool, medicine, Humans, Autism, Female, Neural cell adhesion molecule, Chromosome Deletion, medicine.symptom, Child, Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Genetic association, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract: Here we report three patients affected with neurodevelopmental disorders and harbouring 21q21 deletions involving NCAM2 gene. NCAM (Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule) proteins are involved in axonal migration, synaptic formation and plasticity. Poor axonal growth and fasciculation is observed in animal models deficient for NCAM2. Moreover, this gene has been proposed as a candidate for autism, based on genome-wide association studies. In this report, we provide a comprehensive molecular and phenotypical characterisation of three deletion cases giving additional clues for the involvement of NCAM2 in neurodevelopment.
Published: 2015
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20. What can we learn from old microdeletion syndromes using array-CGH screening?

Author: Nathalie Marle, Muriel Holder-Espinasse, C. Ragon, P. Callier, Anne Dieux-Coeslier, Anne-Laure Mosca-Boidron, Philippe Jonveaux, Joris Andrieux, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Muriel Payet, Brigitte Benzacken, Francine Mugneret, E Questiaux, Ghislaine Plessis, Eva Pipiras, C. Thauvin-Robinet, Alice Masurel-Paulet, Sonia Bouquillon, Andrée Delahaye, C Bonnet, Sylvie Manouvrier-Hanu, M Berri, and Laurence Faivre
Subjects: Adult, Adolescent, Genotype, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22, Karyotype, Biology, Bioinformatics, Intellectual Disability, Variable phenotype, Intellectual disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Genetics (clinical), Comparative Genomic Hybridization, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Chromosome Deletion, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7, Modifier Genes, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract: Most microdeletion syndromes identified before the implementation of array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) were presumed to be well-defined clinical entities. However, the introduction of whole-genome screening led not only to the description of new syndromes but also to the recognition of a broader spectrum of features for well-known syndromes. Here, we report on 10 patients presenting with mental retardation associated with atypical features not suggestive of a known microdeletion and a normal standard karyotype. Array-CGH analyses revealed five microdeletions in the DiGeorge region, three microdeletions in the Williams-Beuren region and two microdeletions in the Smith-Magenis region. Reevaluation in these patients confirmed that the diagnosis remained difficult on clinical grounds and emphasized that well-known genomic disorders can have a phenotype that is heterogeneous and more variable than originally thought. The widespread use of array-CGH shows that such patients may be more readily achieved on the basis of genotype rather than phenotype.
Published: 2011
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21. Inversion Region for Hypertension and Brachydactyly on Chromosome 12p Features Multiple Splicing and Noncoding RNA

Author: Martin Kann, David Chitayat, Anita Rauch, Philipp G. Maass, Ghislaine Plessis, Sylvia Bähring, Friedrich C. Luft, Atakan Aydin, Hakan R. Toka, Yvette Neuenfeld, Okan Toka, and Maolian Gong
Subjects: RNA, Untranslated, Limb Deformities, Congenital, Gene Expression, Biology, Chromosome Painting, Exon, Gene expression, microRNA, Internal Medicine, Humans, Interphase, Gene, Genes, Dominant, Skin, Genetics, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Alternative splicing, Chromosome Mapping, RNA, Exons, Fibroblasts, Non-coding RNA, Molecular biology, Alternative Splicing, MicroRNAs, Chromosome Inversion, Hypertension, RNA splicing, Cell Division
Abstract: Autosomal-dominant hypertension and brachydactyly (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man 112410) is a prototype-translational research project. We used interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization and discovered complex rearrangements on chromosome 12p in 5 families but elucidated a common inverted region in the linkage interval. The inversion contains no known gene. However, we found 5 expressed sequence tags in databases. We used 5′- and 3′-Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends PCR for elongation of the transcripts in phenotype-relevant tissue (fetal aorta, fetal brain, and fetal cartilage). We detected tissue-specific multiple splicing with different exon usage of 32 exons in the gene-related structure. These different transcripts lack both open reading frames and Kozak sequences. In vitro transcription/translation experiments did not identify any peptide-related molecules. We then performed quantitative RT-PCR to test for differential expression of the various spliced transcripts in the total fibroblast RNA of affected and nonaffected Turkish family members. Skin fibroblasts of affected individuals have a significantly increased proliferation rate compared with nonaffected individuals. Ten of 12 spliced exon combinations representing all of the spliced variants do not show a significantly different RNA expression rate. However, 2 RT-PCR products are exclusively expressed in nonaffected individuals. Both reverse transcription amplicons share 1 exon. This result is surprising because of the autosomal-dominant mode of inheritance of the trait. RNA secondary prediction of this single exon results in a stable stem-loop structure known to be essential for microRNA processing. We are pursuing the possibility of microRNA expression in affected patients that leads to complete down regulation of a spliced transcript.
Published: 2008
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22. The expanding spectrum of COL2A1 gene variants IN 136 patients with a skeletal dysplasia phenotype

Author: Albert David, Chloé Quélin, Clarisse Baumann-Morel, Eric Bieth, Bruno Dumont, Judith Melki, Elise Shaeffer, Yves Alembik, Fabienne Giuliano, Christel Thauvin, Nicolas Chassaing, Sophie Julia, Anne-Lise Delezoide, Marine Lebrun, Tiffany Busa, Geneviève Baujat, David Geneviève, Séverine Audebert, Yline Capri, Patricia Blanchet, Martine Le Merrer, Sandrine Marlin, Mouna Barat-Houari, Marianne Till, Nicole Philip, Laurence Faivre, Patrick Calvas, Karine Nguyen, Alice Masurel, Vidrica Ciorca, François Cartault, Jacqueline Vigneron, Alice Goldenberg, Jelena Martinovic, Monique Mozelle-Nivoix, Renaud Touraine, Ghislaine Plessis, Marie-Line Jacquemont, Jean-Luc Alessandri, Delphine Dupin-Deguine, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Aurélie Fabre, Jeanne Amiel, Marie Brechard, Bertrand Isidor, Salima El Chehadeh, Sylvie Odent, Isabelle Touitou, Josseline Kaplan, Dominique Martin-Coignard, Lucile Pinson, Sabine Sigaudy, Christine Coubes, Didier Lacombe, Frédéric Tm Them, Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion (CHU La Réunion), Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement (Inserm U781), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Génétique [Purpan], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle (GMGF), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Département de génétique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service de Génétique [CHU La Réunion], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service de Biologie du Développement, Service de génétique médicale, Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Hôpital l'Archet, Service de génétique [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Service de génétique médicale - Unité de génétique clinique [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service de génétique médicale [Toulouse], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de génétique, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans), Service de foetopathologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Hôpital Bicêtre, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Service de Génétique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Service de génétique clinique [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, Service de cytogénétique constitutionnelle, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU de Lyon-Centre Neuroscience et Recherche, Service de Génétique Clinique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, CHU Saint-Etienne-Hôpital Nord - Saint-Etienne, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut de génétique humaine (IGH), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ), Service de cytogénétique, CHU Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Service de Réanimation Néonatale et Pédiatrique, CHD Félix Guyon, Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement ( Inserm U781 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle ( GMGF ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Service de Genetique, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), CHU Rouen-Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion ( CHU La Réunion ), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques ( IMAGINE - U1163 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, CH Le Mans, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ) -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes ( IGDR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ), CHU Caen-Hôpital Clémenceau, Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Hôpital Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -CHU de Lyon-Centre Neuroscience et Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Service Génétique Médicale [CHU Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Rennes (UR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Proband, Male, Candidate gene, Hearing Loss, Sensorineural, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biology, Osteochondrodysplasias, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Kniest dysplasia, Protein Domains, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Connective Tissue Diseases, Collagen Type II, Genetics (clinical), Sanger sequencing, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Arthritis, Collagen Diseases, Retinal Detachment, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Human genetics, 3. Good health, Pedigree, 030104 developmental biology, Amino Acid Substitution, Dysplasia, Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita, symbols, Female
Abstract: International audience; Heterozygous COL2A1 variants cause a wide spectrum of skeletal dysplasia termed type II collagenopathies. We assessed the impact of this gene in our French series. A decision tree was applied to select 136 probands (71 Stickler cases, 21 Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita cases, 11 Kniest dysplasia cases, and 34 other dysplasia cases) before molecular diagnosis by Sanger sequencing. We identified 66 different variants among the 71 positive patients. Among those patients, 18 belonged to multiplex families and 53 were sporadic. Most variants (38/44, 86%) were located in the triple helical domain of the collagen chain and glycine substitutions were mainly observed in severe phenotypes, whereas arginine to cysteine changes were more often encountered in moderate phenotypes. This series of skeletal dysplasia is one of the largest reported so far, adding 44 novel variants (15%) to published data. We have confirmed that about half of our Stickler patients (46%) carried a COL2A1 variant, and that the molecular spectrum was different across the phenotypes. To further address the question of genotype-phenotype correlation, we plan to screen our patients for other candidate genes using a targeted next-generation sequencing approach.European Journal of Human Genetics advance online publication, 2 December 2015; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2015.250
Published: 2016
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23. La leucémie aiguë peu différenciée (MO) aspects hématologiques, immunophénotypiques, cytogénétiques, incidence pronostique

Author: Xavier Troussard, Michèle Malet, Ghislaine Plessis, Dina Naguib, Sophie Bustanya, and Véronique Salaun
Subjects: Medical Laboratory Technology, Biochemistry (medical), Analytical Chemistry
Abstract: Resume La LAMO ou leucemie aigue peu differenciee represente 6 a 10 % des LAM. Elle a ete decrite chez des patients de tout âge mais son incidence reste nettement plus elevee chez les personnes âgees. Le diagnostic repose sur l'etude morphologique des blastes, sur la negativite des reactions cytochimiques et sur leur analyse en cytometrie en flux afin de confirmer leur appartenance a la lignee myeloide. Aucune anomalie genetique specifique des LAM0 n'a encore ete decouverte mais certaines sont plus frequentes dans ce type de pathologie (trisomies 8 et 13, monosomies 5 et 7, anomalies du chromosome 11). Le devenir clinique des patients est particulierement sombre avec une mortalite a 1 an superieure a 50 %, s'exptiquant par I'accumulation de facteurs de mauvais pronostic. Une recherche des modifications cellulaires responsables de cette proliferation myeloide permettrait sans doute d'ameliorer la prise en charge de la maladie et faciliterait la decouverte de nouveaux traitements.
Published: 2007
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24. 15q11.2 microdeletion (BP1–BP2) and developmental delay, behaviour issues, epilepsy and congenital heart disease: A series of 52 patients

Author: Marie-Christine Vantyghem, Delphine Fauvert, Bénédicte Duban, Florence Petit, Frenny Sheth, Roseline Caumes, Louis Vallée, Valérie Malan, Guillaume Jedraszak, Jean-Marie Cuisset, Odile Boute, Patricia Blanchet, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Matthieu Decamp, Marie Pigeyre, Marion Gérard, Joelle Roume, Sandrine Lanco-Dosen, Nathalie Lemeur, Pierre Sarda, Muriel Holder-Espinasse, Jacques Puechberty, Frédéric Bilan, Gilles Morin, Lucie Pinson, David Geneviève, Ghislaine Plessis, Bruno Delobel, Marie-Pierre Lemaitre, Sylvie Manouvrier-Hanu, Clémence Vanlerberghe, Brigitte Gilbert-Dussardier, Sonia Bouquillon, Joris Andrieux, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Michèle Mathieu, Institut de Génétique Médicale [CHRU Lille], Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de génétique clinique (CHU Lille), Laboratoire Histologie Embryologie Cytogénétique [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Guy's Hospital [London], Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul, Service de Neuro-pédiatrie[Lille], Hôpital Claude Huriez [Lille], CHU Lille, CHR Sambre-Avesnois, Institut Lillois d'Ingénierie de la Santé (ILIS), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Service Génétique Médicale [CHU Poitiers], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Service de génétique clinique [Poitiers], CHI Poissy-Saint-Germain, Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université de Montpellier (UM), CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Hôpital Claude Huriez, Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU de Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, Heart disease, Developmental Disabilities, Aneuploidy, 15q11.2 microdeletion, Cohort Studies, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Copy-number variation, Child, Cation Transport Proteins, Genetics (clinical), In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Mental Disorders, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Penetrance, 3. Good health, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Cohort, Female, Chromosome Deletion, Microtubule-Associated Proteins, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, DNA Copy Number Variations, Heart Diseases, NIPA2, NIPA1, Speech Disorders, CYFIP1, 03 medical and health sciences, Chromosome 15, Young Adult, BP1–BP2, Intellectual Disability, TUBGCP5, medicine, Humans, Generalized epilepsy, 030304 developmental biology, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Congenital heart disease, Chromosome Aberrations, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15, business.industry, Infant, Membrane Proteins, medicine.disease, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Proximal region of chromosome 15 long arm is rich in duplicons that, define five breakpoints (BP) for 15q rearrangements. 15q11.2 microdeletion between BP1 and BP2 has been previously associated with developmental delay and atypical psychological patterns. This region contains four highly-conserved and non-imprinted genes: NIPA1, NIPA2, CYFIP1, TUBGCP5. Our goal was to investigate the phenotypes associated with this microdeletion in a cohort of 52 patients. This copy number variation (CNV) was prevalent in 0.8% patients presenting with developmental delay, psychological pattern issues and/or multiple congenital malformations. This was studied by array-CGH at six different French Genetic laboratories. We collected data from 52 unrelated patients (including 3 foetuses) after excluding patients with an associated genetic alteration (known CNV, aneuploidy or known monogenic disease). Out of 52 patients, mild or moderate developmental delay was observed in 68.3%, 85.4% had speech impairment and 63.4% had psychological issues such as Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, Autistic Spectrum Disorder or Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Seizures were noted in 18.7% patients and associated congenital heart disease in 17.3%. Parents were analysed for abnormalities in the region in 65.4% families. Amongst these families, 'de novo' microdeletions were observed in 18.8% and 81.2% were inherited from one of the parents. Incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity were observed amongst the patients. Our results support the hypothesis that 15q11.2 (BP1-BP2) microdeletion is associated with developmental delay, abnormal behaviour, generalized epilepsy and congenital heart disease. The later feature has been rarely described. Incomplete penetrance and variability of expression demands further assessment and studies.
Published: 2015
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25. Antenatal Presentation of Bardet-Biedl Syndrome May Mimic Meckel Syndrome

Author: Géraldine Goudefroye, Marie-Odile Peter, Philippe Loget, Heather C. Etchevers, Dominique Gaillard, Houda Karmous-Benailly, Marie Gonzales, Madeleine Joubert, Ghislaine Plessis, Martine Le Merrer, Férechté Encha-Razavi, Marie-Claire Gubler, Joelle Augé, Chantal Esculpavit, Nora Brahimi, Eric Detrait, Catherine Ozilou, Yoann Sirot, Tania Attié-Bitach, B. Simon-Bouy, Michel Vekemans, Julia Tantau, Hélène Dollfus, Arnold Munnich, Sophie Audollent, Laure Clech, Jelena Martinovic, Corinne Jeanne-Pasquier, and Anne-Lise Delezoide
Subjects: Male, BBS2, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, BBS1, Heart malformation, DNA Mutational Analysis, BBS5, Kidney, Diagnosis, Differential, Fetus, Bardet–Biedl syndrome, Pregnancy, Prenatal Diagnosis, Internal medicine, medicine, Genetics, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Genetics(clinical), Meckel syndrome, Bardet-Biedl Syndrome, Genetics (clinical), Encephalocele, Cystic kidney, Base Sequence, Polydactyly, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Articles, Syndrome, medicine.disease, Pedigree, Endocrinology, Liver, Female, business
Abstract: Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a multisystemic disorder characterized by postaxial polydactyly, progressive retinal dystrophy, obesity, hypogonadism, renal dysfunction, and learning difficulty. Other manifestations include diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hepatic fibrosis, and neurological features. The condition is genetically heterogeneous, and eight genes (BBS1-BBS8) have been identified to date. A mutation of the BBS1 gene on chromosome 11q13 is observed in 30%-40% of BBS cases. In addition, a complex triallelic inheritance has been established in this disorder--that is, in some families, three mutations at two BBS loci are necessary for the disease to be expressed. The clinical features of BBS that can be observed at birth are polydactyly, kidney anomaly, hepatic fibrosis, and genital and heart malformations. Interestingly, polydactyly, cystic kidneys, and liver anomalies (hepatic fibrosis with bile-duct proliferation) are also observed in Meckel syndrome, along with occipital encephalocele. Therefore, we decided to sequence the eight BBS genes in a series of 13 antenatal cases presenting with cystic kidneys and polydactyly and/or hepatic fibrosis but no encephalocele. These fetuses were mostly diagnosed as having Meckel or "Meckel-like" syndrome. In six cases, we identified a recessive mutation in a BBS gene (three in BBS2, two in BBS4, and one in BBS6). We found a heterozygous BBS6 mutation in three additional cases. No BBS1, BBS3, BBS5, BBS7, or BBS8 mutations were identified in our series. These results suggest that the antenatal presentation of BBS may mimic Meckel syndrome.
Published: 2005
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26. Molecular screening ofALK1/ACVRL1andENGgenes in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia in France

Author: Ghislaine Plessis, Cyril Goizet, Jean-François Cordier, Sophie Rivière, Sylvain Lefebvre, Gaetan Lesca, Sylvie Odent, Stéphane Pinson, Florence Coulet, Henri Plauchu, Marie-France Carette, Sophie Giraud, Florent Soubrier, Bruno Leheup, and Alain Calender
Subjects: Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, Nonsense mutation, Autosomal dominant trait, ACVRL1, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Molecular biology, 3. Good health, Frameshift mutation, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, 0302 clinical medicine, Germline mutation, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, Missense mutation, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Hereditary hemmorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT, or Osler-Rendu-Weber syndrome) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by arteriovenous malformations, affecting 1 out of 10,000 individuals in France. The disease is caused by mutations of two genes: ENG and ALK1 (ACVRL1). We screened the coding sequence of ENG and ALK1 in 160 unrelated French index cases. A germline mutation was identified in 100 individuals (62.5%). A total of 36 mutations were found in ENG, including three nonsense mutations, 19 small insertions/deletions leading to a frameshift, two inframe deletions, seven missense mutations, and five intronic or splice-site mutations. Of the 36 mutations, 33 were novel mutations. A total of 64 mutations were found in ALK1, including six nonsense mutations, 28 small insertions/deletions leading to a frameshift, one inframe deletion, 27 missense mutations, and two intronic or splice-site mutations. Of the 64 mutations, 27 were novel mutations. Mutations were found in most parts of the coding sequence for both genes, except ALK1 exon 5 and ENG exons 12 to 14. Missense mutations in ALK1 were more frequent in exons 7, 8, and 10. ENG cDNA was sequenced for three intronic mutations: c.689+2T>C produced an abnormal transcript excluding exon 5, c.1103+3_1103+8del activated a cryptic splice site 22 bp upstream, and c.1428G>A produced two abnormal transcripts, one including intron 11 and the other excluding exon 10. Although most of the mutations were private, some recurrent mutations in ALK1 were of particular interest. Mutation c.1112_1113dupG (p.Gly371fsX391) was found in 17 unrelated individuals sharing a common haplotype, strongly suggesting a founder effect related to the concentration of patients previously reported in a specific French region (Rhone-Alpes). Three missense mutations involved the same codon: c.1231C>T (p.Arg411Trp), c.1232G>C (p.Arg411Pro), and c.1232G>A (p.Arg411Gln) were found in seven, two, and one patients, respectively. Haplotype analysis was in favor of both a founder effect and a mutation hot-spot.
Published: 2004
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27. De novo TUBB2B mutation causes fetal akinesia deformation sequence with microlissencephaly: an unusual presentation of tubulinopathy

Author: Férechté Encha-Razavi, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Laurent Bidat, Chloé Quēlin, Marie Gonzales, Yoann Saillour, Marc Dommergues, Nicole Joyē, Mara Cavallin, Jamel Chelly, Annie Laquerrière, Ghislaine Plessis, Karine Poirier, Endothélium microcirculatoire cérébral et lésions du système nerveux central au cours du développement (Néovasc), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologique [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neuropédiatrie, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre Hospitalier René Dubos [Pontoise], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Service de Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The research leading to these results was funded by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007–2013 under the project DESIRE (grant agreement n 602531). KP, NBB and JC were supported in part by a « Rare Diseases Foundation » grant., European Project: 602531,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1,DESIRE(2013), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Jonchère, Laurent, and Development and Epilepsy - Strategies for Innovative Research to improve diagnosis, prevention and treatment in children with difficult to treat Epilepsy - DESIRE - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2013-10-01 - 2018-09-30 - 602531 - VALID
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Microcephaly, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Fetal akinesia deformation sequence, Context (language use), [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Fetus, Tubulin, Cerebellum, Genetics, medicine, Humans, microcephaly, Genetics (clinical), Arthrogryposis, Motor Neurons, Mutation, TUBB2B, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Corpus Callosum Agenesis, Genetic heterogeneity, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Spinal cord, Hypoplasia, 3. Good health, Malformations of Cortical Development, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spinal Cord, Fetal movement, Female, microlissencephaly, migration disorder, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Tubulinopathies are increasingly emerging major causes underlying complex cerebral malformations, particularly in case of microlissencephaly often associated with hypoplastic or absent corticospinal tracts. Fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS) refers to a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders with congenital malformations related to impaired fetal movement. We report on an early foetal case with FADS and microlissencephaly due to TUBB2B mutation. Neuropathological examination disclosed virtually absent cortical lamination, foci of neuronal overmigration into the leptomeningeal spaces, corpus callosum agenesis, cerebellar and brainstem hypoplasia and extremely severe hypoplasia of the spinal cord with no anterior and posterior horns and almost no motoneurons. At the cellular level, the p.Cys239Phe TUBB2B mutant leads to tubulin heterodimerization impairment, decreased ability to incorporate into the cytoskeleton, microtubule dynamics alteration, with an accelerated rate of depolymerization. To our knowledge, this is the first case of microlissencephaly to be reported presenting with a so severe and early form of FADS, highlighting the importance of tubulin mutation screening in the context of FADS with microlissencephaly.
Published: 2015
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28. A Potential Contributory Role for Ciliary Dysfunction in the 16p11.2 600 kb BP4-BP5 Pathology

Author: Eugenia Migliavacca, Christelle Golzio, Katrin Männik, Ian Blumenthal, Edwin C. Oh, Louise Harewood, Jack A. Kosmicki, Maria Nicla Loviglio, Giuliana Giannuzzi, Loyse Hippolyte, Anne M. Maillard, Ali Abdullah Alfaiz, Mieke M. van Haelst, Joris Andrieux, James F. Gusella, Mark J. Daly, Jacques S. Beckmann, Sébastien Jacquemont, Michael E. Talkowski, Nicholas Katsanis, Alexandre Reymond, Robert Witwicki, Gérard Didelot, Ilse van der Werf, Ali A. Alfaiz, Marianna Zazhytska, Jacqueline Chrast, Aurélien Macé, Sven Bergmann, Zoltan Kutalik, Vanessa Siffredi, Flore Zufferey, Danielle Martinet, Frédérique Bena, Anita Rauch, Sonia Bouquillon, Bruno Delobel, Odile Boute, Bénédicte Duban-Bedu, Cédric Le Caignec, Bertrand Isidor, Jean Chiesa, Boris Keren, Brigitte Gilbert-Dussardier, Renaud Touraine, Dominique Campion, Caroline Rooryck Thambo, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Ghislaine Plessis, Frank Kooy, Hilde Peeters, Katrin Ounap, Anneke T. Vulto-van Silfhout, Bert B. de Vries, Ellen van Binsbergen, Ann Nordgren, Mafalda Mucciolo, Alessandra Renieri, Evica Rajcan-Separovic, John A. Philipps, Richard J. Ellis, Other departments, Human genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), University of Zurich, and Katsanis, Nicholas
Subjects: Potassium Channels, 10039 Institute of Medical Genetics, BBS7, Ciliopathies, Transcriptome, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene duplication, Genetics(clinical), Non-U.S. Gov't, Child, Zebrafish, Genetics (clinical), Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Brain, Voltage-Gated, Phenotype, medicine.anatomical_structure, Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated, Chromosome Deletion, Human, 2716 Genetics (clinical), Child Development Disorders, DNA Copy Number Variations, 610 Medicine & health, Biology, Research Support, Article, Chromosomes, N.I.H, 03 medical and health sciences, Ciliary body, 1311 Genetics, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, mental disorders, medicine, Journal Article, Animals, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, Pervasive, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Pair 16, Ciliary Body, Extramural, Zebrafish Proteins, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Ciliopathy, Gene Expression Regulation, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, Schizophrenia, 570 Life sciences, biology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Item does not contain fulltext The 16p11.2 600 kb copy-number variants (CNVs) are associated with mirror phenotypes on BMI, head circumference, and brain volume and represent frequent genetic lesions in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and schizophrenia. Here we interrogated the transcriptome of individuals carrying reciprocal 16p11.2 CNVs. Transcript perturbations correlated with clinical endophenotypes and were enriched for genes associated with ASDs, abnormalities of head size, and ciliopathies. Ciliary gene expression was also perturbed in orthologous mouse models, raising the possibility that ciliary dysfunction contributes to 16p11.2 pathologies. In support of this hypothesis, we found structural ciliary defects in the CA1 hippocampal region of 16p11.2 duplication mice. Moreover, by using an established zebrafish model, we show genetic interaction between KCTD13, a key driver of the mirrored neuroanatomical phenotypes of the 16p11.2 CNV, and ciliopathy-associated genes. Overexpression of BBS7 rescues head size and neuroanatomical defects of kctd13 morphants, whereas suppression or overexpression of CEP290 rescues phenotypes induced by KCTD13 under- or overexpression, respectively. Our data suggest that dysregulation of ciliopathy genes contributes to the clinical phenotypes of these CNVs.
Published: 2015
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29. Large national series of patients with Xq28 duplication involving MECP2: Delineation of brain MRI abnormalities in 30 affected patients

Author: Vincent des Portes, Salima El Chehadeh, Odile Boespflug-Tanguy, Nathalie Marle, Charles Coutton, Didier Lacombe, Patrick Callier, Anne Moncla, Mathilde Nizon, Christine Francannet, Marlène Rio, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Pierre-Simon Jouk, Anne-Laure Mosca-Boidron, Christophe Philippe, Alice Goldenberg, Hubert Journel, Mathilde Lefebvre, Bertrand Isidor, Bernard Echenne, Séverine Drunat, Françoise Devillard, Sébastien Lebon, Jeanne Amiel, Nicole Philip, Jean-Marie Cuisset, Nathalie Perreton, Marie-Claude Addor, Fabienne Prieur, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Laurent Pasquier, Sophie Julia, Christèle Dubourg, Danièle Martinet, Laurent Guibaud, Laetitia Lambert, Jeanne Andrieux, Cédric Le Caignec, Catherine Badens, Catherine Sarret, Alice Masurel, Julien Thevenon, Renaud Touraine, Ghislaine Plessis, Fanny Laffargue, Lydie Burglen, Laurence Perrin, Bruno Leheup, Thierry Bienvenu, Valérie Malan, Alexandra Afenjar, Albert David, Clarisse Baumann, Marie-Ange Delrue, Jacqueline Vigneron, Annick Toutain, Laurence Faivre, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Laboratoire de cytogénétique (CHU de Dijon), Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement (Inserm U781), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Service de Génétique Clinique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, CHU Saint-Etienne-Hôpital Nord - Saint-Etienne, CHU Saint-Etienne, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de biologie moléculaire, Hôpital Pontchaillou, Service Génétique Médicale [CHU Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Institut Pascal (IP), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de neuropédiatrie [Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement / Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies (PROTECT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Nutrition-Génétique et Exposition aux Risques Environnementaux (NGERE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Service de génétique médicale - Unité de génétique clinique [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Service de Médecine Infantile III et Génétique Clinique [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Department of pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Laboratoire de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Service de génétique [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de génétique [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Service de génétique médicale, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique (Morbihan) (CHBA)-Hôpital Chubert, Unité Fonctionnelle de Génétique Clinique [CHU Pitié Salpétrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Biochimie et biologie moléculaire, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Département Génétique Médicale-Maternité, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Département de Génétique Médicale, Département de génétique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre de génétique et Centre de référence maladies rares et anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs du Centre Est, Département de Génétique et Procréation UF-Hôpital Couple Enfant de Grenoble-CHU Grenoble, Dynamiques Cellulaire et Tissulaire - Interdisciplinarité, Modélisation & Microscopie (TIMC-IMAG-DyCTiM2), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Département de génétique et procréation, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Hôpital Couple-Enfant, Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), AGeing and IMagery (AGIM), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Maladies Rares - Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Hôpital Pellegrin-Service de Génétique Médicale du CHU de Bordeaux, Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle (GMGF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre de Référence ' Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs Sud - Est PACA ', Centre de référence maladie rare Thalassémie, CIC CHU Lyon (inserm), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de génétique, CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Regional Council of Burgundy (PARI 2012), Association Xtraordinaire, Jonchère, Laurent, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Service de génétique médicale [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Hôpital Bretonneau-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Dynamique Cellulaire et Tissulaire- Interdisciplinarité, Modèles & Microscopies (TIMC-IMAG-DyCTiM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [CHU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement ( Inserm U781 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques ( IMAGINE - U1163 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes ( IGDR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Génétique, reproduction et développement ( GReD ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR79-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ) -Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ), Department of Genetics and Cytogenetics, CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Hôpital d'Estaing, Service de Génétique Médical, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies ( PROTECT ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Nutrition-Génétique et Exposition aux Risques Environnementaux ( NGERE ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), CHU Caen-Hôpital Clémenceau, Hôpital Bretonneau-CHRU Tours, CHU Rouen-Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ), Centre Hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique-Hôpital Chubert, Unité Fonctionnelle de Génétique Clinique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre de référence 'Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares' - Paris-Groupe de Recherche Clinique 'Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme' - Paris, Service de Neuropédiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Service de Génétique et d'Embryologie Médicale, Service de neuropédiatrie et pathologie du développement, CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] ( CHUV ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications [Grenoble] ( TIMC-IMAG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Hôpital Couple-Enfant, AGeing and IMagery ( AGIM ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Maladies Rares - Génétique et Métabolisme ( MRGM ), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle ( GMGF ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ) -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] ( HFME ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Service de Génétique [Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], and Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Pathology, Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030105 genetics & heredity, Corpus callosum, Lateral ventricles, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Duplication, IKBKG, FLNA, Child, Genetics (clinical), Genetics, Brain Diseases, medicine.diagnostic_test, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hypotonia, 3. Good health, Pedigree, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.anatomical_structure, Phenotype, Xq28 duplication, Child, Preschool, Female, medicine.symptom, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Adolescent, Genotype, Biology, genotype-phenotype correlation, White matter, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, medicine, Humans, Genetic Association Studies, Chromosomes, Human, X, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infant, Newborn, Infant, Magnetic resonance imaging, Hyperintensity, nervous system diseases, Mental Retardation, X-Linked, MECP2 gene, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Xq28 duplications encompassing MECP2 have been described in male patients with a severe neurodevelopmental disorder associated with hypotonia and spasticity, severe learning disability, stereotyped movements, and recurrent pulmonary infections. We report on standardized brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 30 affected patients carrying an Xq28 duplication involving MECP2 of various sizes (228 kb to 11.7 Mb). The aim of this study was to seek recurrent malformations and attempt to determine whether variations in imaging features could be explained by differences in the size of the duplications. We showed that 93% of patients had brain MRI abnormalities such as corpus callosum abnormalities (n = 20), reduced volume of the white matter (WM) (n = 12), ventricular dilatation (n = 9), abnormal increased hyperintensities on T2-weighted images involving posterior periventricular WM (n = 6), and vermis hypoplasia (n = 5). The occipitofrontal circumference varied considerably between \textgreater+2SD in five patients and \textless-2SD in four patients. Among the nine patients with dilatation of the lateral ventricles, six had a duplication involving L1CAM. The only patient harboring bilateral posterior subependymal nodular heterotopia also carried an FLNA gene duplication. We could not demonstrate a correlation between periventricular WM hyperintensities/delayed myelination and duplication of the IKBKG gene. We thus conclude that patients with an Xq28 duplication involving MECP2 share some similar but non-specific brain abnormalities. These imaging features, therefore, could not constitute a diagnostic clue. The genotype-phenotype correlation failed to demonstrate a relationship between the presence of nodular heterotopia, ventricular dilatation, WM abnormalities, and the presence of FLNA, L1CAM, or IKBKG, respectively, in the duplicated segment. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Published: 2014
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30. Congenital mirror movements: Mutational analysis of RAD51 and DCC in 26 cases

Author: Jean Louis Golmard, Marcello Romano, Karolina Dzieżyc, Delphine Bouteiller, Pierre Bitoun, Christel Depienne, Luc Defebvre, Oriane Trouillard, Florence Riant, Simona Fiori, M. Cincotta, Simone Rossi, Pierre Pollak, Stephan Klebe, Linda De Meirleir, Marie Vidailhet, Ghislaine Plessis, Chloé Quélin, Aurélie Méneret, Alberto J. Espay, Ana Westenberger, Sabine Rudnik-Schöneborn, Isabelle Lagroua, Alexis Brice, Susan Sklower Brooks, Russell C. Dale, Diane Doummar, Julia Wickert, Emmanuel Roze, Alessandra Borgheresi, Clinical sciences, Reproduction and Genetics, and Neurogenetics
Subjects: Population, Nonsense mutation, DNA Mutational Analysis, Mutation, Missense, Receptors, Cell Surface, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Severity of Illness Index, Article, Frameshift mutation, symbols.namesake, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Receptors, medicine, Missense mutation, Humans, education, Codon, Exome, Genetics, Sanger sequencing, education.field_of_study, Mutation, Movement Disorders, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, fungi, DCC Receptor, Pedigree, Carrier Proteins, Codon, Nonsense, Neurology (clinical), Nonsense, Cell Surface, symbols, Missense
Abstract: Objective: We screened a large series of individuals with congenital mirror movements (CMM) for mutations in the 2 identified causative genes, DCC and RAD51 . Methods: We studied 6 familial and 20 simplex CMM cases. Each patient had a standardized neurologic assessment. Analysis of DCC and RAD51 coding regions included Sanger sequencing and a quantitative method allowing detection of micro rearrangements. We then compared the frequency of rare variants predicted to be pathogenic by either the PolyPhen-2 or the SIFT algorithm in our population and in the 4,300 controls of European origin on the Exome Variant Server. Results: We found 3 novel truncating mutations of DCC that segregate with CMM in 4 of the 6 families. Among the 20 simplex cases, we found one exonic deletion of DCC , one DCC mutation leading to a frameshift, 5 missense variants in DCC , and 2 missense variants in RAD51 . All 7 missense variants were predicted to be pathogenic by one or both algorithms. Statistical analysis showed that the frequency of variants predicted to be deleterious was significantly different between patients and controls ( p RAD51 and DCC ). Conclusion: Mutations and variants in DCC and RAD51 are strongly associated with CMM, but additional genes causing CMM remain to be discovered.
Published: 2014

31. De novo 15q13.3 microdeletion with cryptogenic West syndrome

Author: Nicolas Richard, Nicolas Gruchy, Joris Andrieux, Ghislaine Plessis, Marie-Laure Kottler, Hervé Mittre, Elodie Lacaze, Mathieu Decamp, Marie-José Penniello-Valette, Nathalie Leporrier, and Marion Gérard
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor, Chromosome Disorders, Developmental arrest, Cryptogenic West syndrome, Epilepsy, Seizures, Intellectual Disability, Intellectual disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, STXBP1, Genetics (clinical), Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, biology, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, CHRNA7, Facies, Infant, Electroencephalography, West Syndrome, medicine.disease, Hypsarrhythmia, biology.protein, Female, Chromosome Deletion, medicine.symptom, business, Spasms, Infantile
Abstract: West syndrome is a well-recognized form of epilepsy, defined by a triad of infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia and developmental arrest. West syndrome is heterogenous, caused by mutations of genes ARX, STXBP1, KCNT1 among others; 16p13.11 and 17q21.31 microdeletions are less frequent, usually associated with intellectual disability and facial dysmorphism. So-called “idiopathic” West syndrome is of better prognostic, without prior intellectual deficiency and usually responsive to anti-epileptic treatment. We report on a boy falling within the scope of idiopathic West syndrome, with no dysmorphic features and normal development before the beginning of West syndrome, with a good resolution after treatment, bearing a de novo 15q13.3 microdeletion. Six genes are located in the deleted region, including CHRNA7, which encodes a subunit of a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and is frequently associated with epilepsy. Exploration of the 15q13.3 region should be proposed in idiopathic West syndrome. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Published: 2013
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32. The first familial case of inherited 2q37.3 interstitial deletion with isolated skeletal abnormalities including brachydactyly type E and short stature

Author: Joris Andrieux, Matthieu Decamp, Virginie Ribault, Marie-Laure Kottler, Nolwenn Jean-Marçais, Ghislaine Plessis, and Marion Gérard
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Inheritance Patterns, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Short stature, Bone and Bones, Familial case, Internal medicine, Intellectual disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Family, Child, Genetics (clinical), Mutation, Genome, Human, Brachydactyly, Infant, Newborn, Infant, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Body Height, Pedigree, Radiography, Endocrinology, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2, Female, Skeletal abnormalities, medicine.symptom, Chromosome Deletion, Haploinsufficiency
Abstract: Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO)-like syndrome is also known as brachydactyly-mental retardation syndrome (BDMR; OMIM 60040). This disorder includes intellectual disability in all patients, skeletal abnormalities, including brachydactyly E (BDE) in approximately half, obesity, and facial dysmorphism. Patients with 2q37 microdeletion or HDAC4 mutation are defined as having an AHO-like phenotype with normal stimulatory G (Gs) function. HDAC4 is involved in neurological, cardiac, and skeletal function. This paper reports the first familial case of 2q37.3 interstitial deletion affecting two genes, HDAC4 and TWIST2. Patients presented with BDE and short stature without intellectual disability, showing that haploinsufficiency of the HDAC4 critical region may lead to a spectrum of phenotypes, ranging from isolated brachydactyly type E to BDMR.
Published: 2013

33. Wilms' tumor in patients with 9q22.3 microdeletion syndrome suggests a role for PTCH1 in nephroblastomas

Author: Franck Bourdeaut, Nicolas Sevenet, Dominique Martin-Coignard, Maria Piccione, Sylvie Rossignol, Elodie Lacaze, Bertrand Isidor, Caroline Kannengiesser, Annaig Briand, Cédric Le Caignec, Cécile Jeanpierre, Delfine Lafon, Ghislaine Plessis, Olivier Pichon, Olivier Delattre, Albert David, Isidor, B, Bourdeaut, F, Lafon, D, Plessis, G, Lacaze, E, Kannengiesser, C, Rossignol, S, Pichon, O, Briand, A, Martin-Coignard, D, Piccione, M, David, A, Delattre, O, Jeanpierre, C, Sévenet, N, and Le Caignec, C
Subjects: Adult, Patched Receptors, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, PTCH1, Adolescent, Nonsense mutation, CNV, Short Report, Receptors, Cell Surface, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Wilms’ tumor, Wilms Tumor, Fetal Macrosomia, Settore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale E Specialistica, Pregnancy, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Perlman syndrome, Child, overgrowth, Genetics (clinical), Mutation, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Wilms' tumor, PTCH1 Gene, Microdeletion syndrome, FANCC nephroblastoma, medicine.disease, Kidney Neoplasms, Patched-1 Receptor, Endocrinology, Settore MED/03 - Genetica Medica, Overgrowth syndrome, Female, Chromosome Deletion, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract: Nephroblastoma (Wilms' tumor; WT) is the most common renal tumor of childhood. To date, several genetic abnormalities predisposing to WT have been identified in rare overgrowth syndromes. Among them, abnormal methylation of the 11p15 region, GPC3 and DIS3L2 mutations, which are responsible for Beckwith-Wiedemann, Simpson-Golabi-Behmel and Perlman syndromes, respectively. However, the underlying cause of WT remains unknown in the majority of cases. We report three unrelated patients who presented with WT in addition to a constitutional 9q22.3 microdeletion and dysmorphic/overgrowth syndrome. The size of the deletions was variable (ie, from 1.7 to 8.9 Mb) but invariably encompassed the PTCH1 gene. Subsequently, we identified a somatic PTCH1 nonsense mutation in the renal tumor of one patient. In addition, by array comparative genomic hybridization method, we analyzed the DNA extracted from the blood samples of nine patients with overgrowth syndrome and WT, but did not identify any deleterious chromosomal imbalances in these patients. These findings strongly suggest that patients with constitutional 9q22.3 microdeletion have an increased risk of WT, and that PTCH1 have a role in the pathogenesis of nephroblastomas.
Published: 2012

34. In-Frame Mutations in Exon 1 of SKI Cause Dominant Shprintzen-Goldberg Syndrome

Author: Anne H. Child, Christophe Béroud, Catherine Boileau, Jaime Sanchez del Pozo, Julie De Backer, Cyril Goizet, Jeanne Amiel, Lesley C. Adès, Pierre Vabres, Anne De Paepe, Julien Thevenon, Laurence Duplomb, Katherine Holman, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Clarisse Baumann, Frédéric Huet, Ghislaine Plessis, Gwenaëlle Collod-Béroud, Bert Callewaert, Eloisa Arbustini, Henri Plauchu, Bernard Aral, Peter N. Robinson, Sophie Julia, Jean Baptiste Rivière, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Gavin Arno, Nadège Gigot, Marjolijn Renard, Lucie Gueneau, Guillaume Jondeau, Patrick Callier, Jean Benoît Courcet, Maja Di Rocco, Laurence Faivre, Virginie Carmignac, Estelle Lopez, Maurizia Grasso, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Department of medical genetics, Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Ghent University Hospital-Center for Medical Genetics, Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Service de pédiatrie (CHU de Dijon), Laboratoire de génétique des maladies rares. Pathologie moleculaire, etudes fonctionnelles et banque de données génétiques (LGMR), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-IFR3, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Marfan Research Group, Westmead Hospital [Sydney], Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Service de génétique [Hôpial Louis Pradel - HCL], Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Center for Medical Genetics [Ghent], Ghent University Hospital, Cardiac & Vascular Sciences, St Georges, University of London, Physiopathologie de la résorption osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Université de Nantes (UN)-IFR26-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Service de Biologie Moléculaire, Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6306] (Le2i), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, IRCCS - Pavia, Centre for Inherited Cardiovacular Diseases, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Service de Génétique Médicale du CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Robert Debré Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), Service de cardiologie, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle (GMGF), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Head of the Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Laboratoire de génétique des maladies rares. Pathologie moleculaire, etudes fonctionnelles et banque de données génétiques, Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -IFR3-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Service de Génétique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hôtel Dieu, Service de génétique, CHU Caen-Hôpital Clémenceau, Université de Nantes ( UN ) -IFR26-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image ( Le2i ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Technologie de Compiègne [Compiègne] ( UTC ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle ( GMGF ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), COLLOD-BEROUD, Gwenaëlle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique et Moléculaire [CHU Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: Male, Models, Molecular, medicine.disease_cause, [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Marfan Syndrome, Arachnodactyly, Exon, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Order, Missense mutation, Genetics(clinical), Child, [ SDV.GEN.GH ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Genes, Dominant, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, Shprintzen–Goldberg syndrome, Exons, Phenotype, Pedigree, DNA-Binding Proteins, Child, Preschool, Female, medicine.symptom, Adult, Adolescent, Molecular Sequence Data, [ SDV.BBM.BM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Biology, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, Camptodactyly, Craniosynostoses, Young Adult, stomatognathic system, Report, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, medicine, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, 030304 developmental biology, Facies, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, Protein Structure, Tertiary, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Sequence Alignment, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome (SGS) is characterized by severe marfanoid habitus, intellectual disability, camptodactyly, typical facial dysmorphism, and craniosynostosis. Using family-based exome sequencing, we identified a dominantly inherited heterozygous in-frame deletion in exon 1 of SKI. Direct sequencing of SKI further identified one overlapping heterozygous in-frame deletion and ten heterozygous missense mutations affecting recurrent residues in 18 of the 19 individuals screened for SGS; these individuals included one family affected by somatic mosaicism. All mutations were located in a restricted area of exon 1, within the R-SMAD binding domain of SKI. No mutation was found in a cohort of 11 individuals with other marfanoid-craniosynostosis phenotypes. The interaction between SKI and Smad2/3 and Smad 4 regulates TGF-β signaling, and the pattern of anomalies in Ski-deficient mice corresponds to the clinical manifestations of SGS. These findings define SGS as a member of the family of diseases associated with the TGF-β-signaling pathway.
Published: 2012
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35. Duplication 16p13.3 and the CREBBP gene: confirmation of the phenotype

Author: Aline Receveur, Bruno Delobel, Sophie Julia, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Kerstin Sjörs, Ann C. Thuresson, Florence Petit, Bénédicte Demeer, Sandrine Lanco dosen, Gilles Morin, Ghislaine Plessis, Joris Andrieux, Dominique Martin-Coignard, Helen V. Firth, Koenraad Devriendt, and Cédric Le Caignec
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Biology, Ptosis, Gene duplication, Intellectual disability, Chromosome Duplication, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Strabismus, Child, Genetics (clinical), Genetic Association Studies, Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome, Facies, Infant, Karyotype, General Medicine, Syndrome, medicine.disease, Dermatology, CREB-Binding Protein, Palpebral fissure, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Female, medicine.symptom, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract: The introduction of molecular karyotyping technologies into the diagnostic work-up of patients with congenital disorders permitted the identification and delineation of novel microdeletion and microduplication syndromes. Interstitial 16p13.3 duplication, encompassing the CREBBP gene, which is mutated or deleted in the Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, have been proposed to cause a recognisable syndrome with variable intellectual disability, normal growth, mild facial dysmorphism, mild anomalies of the extremities, and occasional findings such as developmental defects of the heart, genitalia, palate or the eyes. We here report the phenotypic and genotypic delineation of 9 patients carrying a submicroscopic 16p13.3 duplication, including the smallest 16p13.3 duplication reported so far. Careful clinical assessment confirms the distinctive clinical phenotype and also defines frequent associated features : marked speech problems, frequent ocular region involvement with upslanting of the eyes, narrow palpebral fissures, ptosis and strabismus, frequent proximal implantation of thumbs, cleft palate/bifid uvula and inguinal hernia. It also confirms that CREBBP is the critical gene involved in the duplication 16p13.3 syndrome.
Published: 2012

36. Novel FH mutations in families with hereditary leiomyomatosis renal cell cancer (HLRCC) and in patients with isolated type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma

Author: Catherine Dugast, Christelle Pruvost-Balland, Dan Lipsker, Nicolas Janin, Isabelle Coupier, Isabelle Mortemousque, Sophie Deveaux, Brigitte Gilbert-Dussardier, Laurence Faivre, Pierre Vabres, Emmanuel Van Glabeke, Hélène Dollfus, Min-Han Tan, Dominique Leroux, Pierre Rustin, Bernard Escudier, Marie-Françoise Avril, Joelle Roume, Veronica Cusin, Virginie Verkarre, Johny Bombled, Luc Thomas, Felicia Malthieu, Betty Gardie, Jean Feunteun, Darouna Kattygnarath, Jean -Baptiste Meric, Arnaud Mejean, Ghislaine Plessis, Olivier Caron, Victoria Perrier-Trudova, Stéphane Richard, Frédéric Caux, Virginie Joulin, Gilbert M. Lenoir, Abdelhamid Slama, Christine Maugard, Serena Rooker, Michel Barrois, Sandrine Lefevre, Brigitte Bressac-de Paillerets, Audrey Remenieras, Christine Theodore, Didier Bessis, Michelle Steinraths, Michel Field, Bruce Poppe, Yves Leport, Carol Cremin, Patrick Collignon, Barbara McGilliwray, Nadem Soufir, Bin Tean Teh, Cytokines et Immunologie des Tumeurs Humaines (U753), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Onco-génétique, Département de médecine oncologique [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Hématopoïèse normale et pathologique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Physiopathologie, conséquences fonctionnelles et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IFR2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Biochimie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Service de Dermatologie [CHU Cochin], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Service de dermatologie [Avicenne], Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal, Toulon, Service d'Oncogénétique et Génétique Médicale, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, Consultation d'Oncogénétique, CHU, Rennes, Département d'immunothérapie, Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Genetic Services, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Service de Génétique, CHU, Poitiers, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Département de Génétique, CHU, Liège, Cabinet de Dermatologie, Vire, Service d'onco-hématologie et génétique, CHU Grenoble, Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, Centre médico-chirurgical Atlantique, Puilboreau, Laboratoire de diagnostic génétique, Hôpital Universitaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Service d'urologie [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Bretonneau, Tours, Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Gent, Gand, Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, AP-HP, Paris, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Capital Coasts DHB, Wellington South, Consultation de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, Boulogne, Consultation de Génétique, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, AP-HP, Paris, Division of Medical Genetics,Victoria General Hospital, Victoria, BC, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Sud, Hospices Civils, Lyon, Service de Dermatologie (CHU de Dijon), Service d'Urologie, Hôpital André Grégoire, Service d'Onco-Hématologie, Centre Médical de Bligny, Briis sous Forges, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Stabilité Génétique et Oncogenèse (UMR 8200), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Expert National Cancer Rares PREDIR, Service d'Urologie, CHU de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, Van Andel Institute [Grand Rapids], Génétique Oncologique EPHE, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Peer, Hal, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Proband, Skin Neoplasms, Genotype, Mutation, Missense, Biology, Bioinformatics, urologic and male genital diseases, Fumarate Hydratase, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Germline mutation, INDEL Mutation, Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary, Cell Line, Tumor, Leiomyomatosis, medicine, Genetics, Humans, Missense mutation, Molecular genetics, Frameshift Mutation, Carcinoma, Renal Cell, Germ-Line Mutation, Genetics (clinical), Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Gene Rearrangement, 0303 health sciences, Papillary renal cell carcinomas, Cancer, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Penetrance, Kidney Neoplasms, Pedigree, 3. Good health, Codon, Nonsense, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mutation, Uterine Neoplasms, Cancer research, Cancer: urological, Female, Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma, Kidney cancer, Gene Deletion
Abstract: International audience; Background Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) is an autosomal dominant disorder predisposing humans to cutaneous and uterine leiomyomas; in 20% of affected families, type 2 papillary renal cell cancers (PRCCII) also occur with aggressive course and poor prognosis. HLRCC results from heterozygous germline mutations in the tumor suppressor fumarate hydratase (FH) gene. Methods As part of the French National Cancer Institute (INCa) "Inherited predispositions to kidney cancer" network, we performed sequence analysis and a functional study of FH in 56 families with clinically proven or suspected HLRCC and in 23 patients with isolated PRCCII (5 familial and 18 sporadic). Results We identified 32 different germline FH mutations (15 missense, six frameshifts, four nonsense, one deletion/insertion, five splice site and one complete deletion) in 40/56 (71.4%) families with proven or suspected HLRCC and in 4/23 (17.4%) probands with PRCCII alone, including 2 sporadic cases. Twenty-one of these were novel and all were demonstrated as deleterious by significant reduction of FH enzymatic activity. In addition, five asymptomatic parents in three families were confirmed as carrying disease-causing mutations. Conclusions This study identified and characterized 21 novel FH mutations and demonstrated that PRCCII can be the only one manifestation of HLRCC. Due to the incomplete penetrance of HLRCC, we propose to extend the FH mutation analysis to every patient with PRCCII occurring before 40 yrs of age or when renal tumor harbors characteristic histologic features, in order to discover previously ignored HLRCC-affected families.
Published: 2011
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37. Mirror extreme BMI phenotypes associated with gene dosage at the chromosome 16p11.2 locus

Author: Stephen W. Scherer, Mònica Gratacòs, Kari Stefansson, Muriel Holder, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Lukas Forer, Katharina M. Roetzer, Josette Lucas, Claudia Schurmann, Satu Kaksonen, Armand Valsesia, Carina Wallgren-Pettersson, Barbara Leube, Alexandra I. F. Blakemore, Alexandre Moerman, Marco Belfiore, Anne Faudet, Dominique Gaillard, Roberto Ravazzolo, Dominique Bonneau, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Yongguo Yu, Louis Vallée, Bénédicte Demeer, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Frédérique Béna, Brigitte H. W. Faas, Benoit Arveiler, Georg Homuth, Charles Coutton, Bénédicte de Fréminville, Giorgio Gimelli, Xavier Estivill, Richard I. Fisher, Stefania Gimelli, Wendy Roberts, Jacques S. Beckmann, Emilie Landais, Orah S. Platt, Robin G. Walters, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Alexandre Reymond, Anna-Liisa Hartikainen, Solenn Legallic, James F. Gusella, Peter Vollenweider, Gian Paolo Ramelli, Tõnu Esko, Boris Keren, Nine V A M Knoers, Fanny Morice-Picard, Dominique Campion, Odile Boute, Evica Rajcan-Separovic, Rolph Pfundt, Nathalie Bednarek, Martine Doco-Fenzy, Suzanne M E Lewis, Gérard Didelot, Mylène Beri, Engilbert Sigurdsson, Véronique Satre, Audrey Labalme, Carola Tengstrom, Florian Kronenberg, Florence Petit, Simon Zwolinksi, Philippe Froguel, Paul Elliott, Dorothée Cailley, Christian R. Marshall, Bruno Leheup, Klaus Dieterich, Janina S. Ried, Sylvie Jaillard, Armand Bottani, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Elisabetta Lapi, Jean-Christophe Cuvellier, Robert M. Witwicki, Gérard Waeber, Christèle Dubourg, Marion Gérard, Lachlan J. M. Coin, Magalie Barth, Anita Kloss-Brandstätter, Vincent Mooser, Cristóbal Richart, Giuseppe Merla, Bénédicte Duban-Bedu, Yiping Shen, Ants Kurg, Audrey Guilmatre, Juliane Hoyer, Susana Jiménez-Murcia, Mafalda Mucciolo, Bai-Lin Wu, Alessandra Ferrarini, Séverine Drunat, Yves Alembik, Páll Magnússon, Han G. Brunner, Maria Antonietta Mencarelli, Dominique Descamps, R. Frank Kooy, Azzedine Aboura, Valérie Layet, Sven Bergmann, Thomas Meitinger, Peter M. Kroisel, Nathalie Van der Aa, Olivier Guillin, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Zoltán Kutalik, Elisabeth Flori, Laurent Pasquier, André Reis, Noam D. Beckmann, Bertrand Isidor, Delphine Héron, Philippe Jonveaux, Sergi Villatoro Gomez, Ann Nordgren, José Manuel Fernández-Real, Florence Fellmann, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Laurence Faivre, Dimitri J. Stavropoulos, Katrin Männik, Christian Gieger, Evald Saemundsen, Agnès Guichet, Jean-Marie Cuisset, R. Touraine, Laura Bernardini, Marie-Ange Delrue, Alessandra Renieri, Omar Gustafsson, Flore Zufferey, David A. Koolen, Massimiliano Rossi, Jacqueline Chrast, Ghislaine Plessis, Faida Walha, Joris Andrieux, Ellen van Binsbergen, Albert David, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Cédric Le Caignec, Jean Chiesa, Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye, Geraldine Joly Helas, Damien Sanlaville, Anita Rauch, Louise Harewood, Mark I. McCarthy, Bridget A. Fernandez, Sébastien Jacquemont, Hreinn Stefansson, Anneke T. Vulto-van Silfhout, Zdenek Jaros, Matthias Nauck, Hans J. Grabe, Sonia Bouquillon, Mieke M. van Haelst, Andres Metspalu, Loyse Hippolyte, Patrick Callier, Bert B.A. de Vries, Francisco J. Tinahones, Nicole de Leeuw, Julia S. El-Sayed Moustafa, Claudine Rieubland, Kay D. MacDermot, Vittoria Disciglio, Henry Völzke, Caroline Rooryck, Bettina Blaumeiser, Danielle Martinet, Marie-Claude Addor, Bruno Delobel, Jacquemont, S, Reymond, A, Zufferey, F, Harewood, L, Walters, Rg, Kutalik, Z, Martinet, D, Shen, Y, Valsesia, A, Beckmann, Nd, Thorleifsson, G, Belfiore, M, Bouquillon, S, Campion, D, de Leeuw, N, de Vries, Bb, Esko, T, Fernandez, Ba, Fernández-Aranda, F, Fernández-Real, Jm, Gratacòs, M, Guilmatre, A, Hoyer, J, Jarvelin, Mr, Kooy, Rf, Kurg, A, Le Caignec, C, Männik, K, Platt, O, Sanlaville, D, Van Haelst, Mm, Villatoro Gomez, S, Walha, F, Wu, Bl, Yu, Y, Aboura, A, Addor, Mc, Alembik, Y, Antonarakis, Se, Arveiler, B, Barth, M, Bednarek, N, Béna, F, Bergmann, S, Beri, M, Bernardini, L, Blaumeiser, B, Bonneau, D, Bottani, A, Boute, O, Brunner, Hg, Cailley, D, Callier, P, Chiesa, J, Chrast, J, Coin, L, Coutton, C, Cuisset, Jm, Cuvellier, Jc, David, A, de Freminville, B, Delobel, B, Delrue, Ma, Demeer, B, Descamps, D, Didelot, G, Dieterich, K, Disciglio, V, Doco-Fenzy, M, Drunat, S, Duban-Bedu, B, Dubourg, C, El-Sayed Moustafa, J, Elliott, P, Faas, Bh, Faivre, L, Faudet, A, Fellmann, F, Ferrarini, A, Fisher, R, Flori, E, Forer, L, Gaillard, D, Gerard, M, Gieger, C, Gimelli, S, Gimelli, G, Grabe, Hj, Guichet, A, Guillin, O, Hartikainen, Al, Heron, D, Hippolyte, L, Holder, M, Homuth, G, Isidor, B, Jaillard, S, Jaros, Z, Jiménez-Murcia, S, Helas, Gj, Jonveaux, P, Kaksonen, S, Keren, B, Kloss-Brandstätter, A, Knoers, Nv, Koolen, Da, Kroisel, Pm, Kronenberg, F, Labalme, A, Landais, E, Lapi, E, Layet, V, Legallic, S, Leheup, B, Leube, B, Lewis, S, Lucas, J, Macdermot, Kd, Magnusson, P, Marshall, C, Mathieu-Dramard, M, Mccarthy, Mi, Meitinger, T, Mencarelli, Ma, Merla, G, Moerman, A, Mooser, V, Morice-Picard, F, Mucciolo, M, Nauck, M, Ndiaye, Nc, Nordgren, A, Pasquier, L, Petit, F, Pfundt, R, Plessis, G, Rajcan-Separovic, E, Ramelli, Gp, Rauch, A, Ravazzolo, R, Reis, A, Renieri, A, Richart, C, Ried, J, Rieubland, C, Roberts, W, Roetzer, Km, Rooryck, C, Rossi, M, Saemundsen, E, Satre, V, Schurmann, C, Sigurdsson, E, Stavropoulos, Dj, Stefansson, H, Tengström, C, Thorsteinsdóttir, U, Tinahones, Fj, Touraine, R, Vallée, L, van Binsbergen, E, Van der Aa, N, Vincent-Delorme, C, Visvikis-Siest, S, Vollenweider, P, Völzke, H, Vulto-van Silfhout, At, Waeber, G, Wallgren-Pettersson, C, Witwicki, Rm, Zwolinksi, S, Andrieux, J, Estivill, X, Gusella, Jf, Gustafsson, O, Metspalu, A, Scherer, Sw, Stefansson, K, Blakemore, Ai, Beckmann, J, Froguel, P, Faculteit Medische Wetenschappen/UMCG, Service de génétique médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Center for Integrative Genomics - Institute of Bioinformatics, Génopode (CIG), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, Department of Medical Genetics, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, deCODE Genetics, deCODE genetics [Reykjavik], Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Génétique médicale et fonctionnelle du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques, Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Estonian Genome and Medicine, University of Tartu, Department of human genetics, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen]-Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences-Institute for Genetic and Metabolic Disorders, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Disciplines of Genetics and Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland = Université Memorial de Terre-Neuve [St. John's, Canada] (MUN), Department of Psychiatry (IDIBELL), CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición-University Hospital of Bellvitge, Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital of Girona-Biomedical Research Institute 'Dr Josep Trueta'-CIBERobn Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG-UPF), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Human Genetics [Erlangen, Allemagne], Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of child and adolescent health, University of Oulu-Institute of Health Sciences and Biocenter Oulu-National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Antwerp University Hospital [Edegem] (UZA), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de cytogénétique constitutionnelle, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU de Lyon-Centre Neuroscience et Recherche, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University [Shanghai]-Children's Hospital, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Département de génétique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service de cytogénétique, CHU Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Génétique médicale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), Maladies Rares - Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Hôpital Pellegrin-Service de Génétique Médicale du CHU de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Service de génétique [Angers], Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Service de Génétique [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Mendel Laboratory, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza [San Giovanni Rotondo] (IRCCS), Service de Génétique clinique, Laboratoire de cytogénétique (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Département de génétique et procréation, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-faculté de médecine-pharmacie, AGeing and IMagery (AGIM), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de biochimie et génétique moléculaire, CHU Grenoble, Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Centre de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul-Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille (GHICL), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Centre Hospitalier de Béthune (CH Béthune), GHT de l'Artois, Service de Génétique Clinique, Department of Biotechnology, Università degli Studi di Siena = University of Siena (UNISI)-Medical Genetics, Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims)-Hôpital Maison Blanche-IFR 53, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Human Genetics [Nijmegen], Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-Heart Failure Research Center (HFRC), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Institute of human genetics, International Centre for Life, Division of genetic epidemiology, HMNC Brain Health-Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology-Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oulu-Institute of Clinical Medicine, Laboratorio di citogenetica, G. Gaslini Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Abteilung für Kinder und Jugendheilkunde, Landesklinikum Waldviertel Zwettl, Service de génétique [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), The Habilitation Unit of Folkhalsan, Medical University Graz, Medical Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital Anna Meyer, Unité de Cytogénétique et Génétique Médicale, Groupe Hospitalier du Havre-Hôpital Gustave Flaubert, Service de Médecine Infantile III et Génétique Clinique [CHRU Nancy], Institute of Human Genetics and Anthropology, Heinrich-Heine University Hospital Duesseldorf, Child and Family Research Institute-University of British Columbia (UBC), North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park & St Marks Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Landspitali University Hospital, Program in Genetics and Genomic Biology, Hospital for Sick Children-University of Toronto McLaughlin Centre, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM)-Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Genetics, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Génétique cardiovasculaire (GC), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP), Molecular Medicine and Surgery department, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Department of Pathology, Division of pediatrics, Ospedale San Giovanni, Institute of Medical Genetics, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Department of pediatrics and CEBR, Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe)-G. Gaslini Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili-University Hospital Juan XXIII-Instituto Salud Carlos III-Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Division of Human Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital-University of Bern, Autism Research Unit, The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids)-University of Toronto, State Diagnostic, Counseling Center, University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Genetic Services, Rinnekoti Research Foundation, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto Salud Carlos III-Clinic Hospital of Virgen de la Victoria-Ciber Fisiopatologia y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Centre de Maladies Rares, Anomalies du Développement Nord de France-CH Arras - CHRU Lille, Institute for Community Medicine, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics [Helsinki], Haartman Institute [Helsinki], Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, The Centre for Applied Genomics, Toronto, The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids)-University of Toronto-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Institut de biologie de Lille - UMS 3702 (IBL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by the Leenaards Foundation Prize (SJ, DM and AR), the Jérôme Lejeune Foundation (AR), the Telethon Action Suisse Foundation (AR), the Swiss National Science Foundation (AR, JSB, SB and SEA), a SNSF Sinergia grant (SJ, DM, SB, JSB and AR), the European Commission anEUploidy Integrated Project grant 037627 (AR, SB, XE, HGB and SEA), the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research (AV), the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SB, ZK), an Imperial College Dept of Medicine PhD studentship (JSe-SM), the Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, and the National Institute for Health Research (PE), the Wellcome Trust and the Medical Research Council (AIFB and PF), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)-FIS, the German Mental Retardation Network funded through a grant of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (NGFNplus 01GS08160) to A Reis and European Union-FEDER (PI081714, PS09/01778), SAF2008-02278 (XE, MG, FFA), the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research - Flanders (NVA, RFK), the Dutch Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZONMW grant 917-86-319) and Hersenstichting Nederland (BBAdV), grant 81000346 from the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (YGY), the Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative, Autism Speaks and NIH grant GM061354 (JFG), and the OENB grant 13059 (AK-B). YS holds a Young Investigator Award from the Children's Tumor Foundation and Catalyst Award from Harvard Medical School, and BLW, a Fudan Scholar Research Award from Fudan University, a grant from Chinese National '973' project on Population and Health (2010CB529601) and a grant from Science and Technology Council of Shanghai (09JC1402400). ERS and SL, recipients of the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Scholar award, acknowledge the CIHR MOP 74502 operational grant. EGCUT received support from the EU Centre of Excellence in Genomics and FP7 grants #201413 and #245536, from Estonian Government SF0180142s08, SF0180026s09 and SF0180027s10 (AM, KM, AK). The Helmholtz Zentrum Munich and the State of Bavaria financed KORA, also supported by the German National Genome Research Network (NGFN-2 and NGFNPlus: 01GS0823), the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), and the Munich Center of Health Sciences (MC Health, LMUinnovativ). CIBEROBN and CIBERESP are initiatives of ISCIII (Spain). SWS holds the GlaxoSmithKline-Canadian Institutes of Health (CIHR) Chair in Genetics, Genomics at the University of Toronto and the Hospital for Sick Children and is supported by Genome Canada and the McLaughlin Centre. deCODE was funded in part by NIH grant MH071425 (KS), EU grant HEALTH-2007-2.2.1-10-223423 (Project PsychCNV) and EU grant IMI-JU-NewMeds., Centre de génomique intégrative, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Memorial University of Newfoundland [St. John's], Friedrich Alexander University [Erlangen-Nürnberg], Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervicofaciale, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Weizmann Institute of Science, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nîmes (CHRU Nîmes), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Roger Salengro-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Saint-Etienne-Hôpital nord, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul-GHICL, Centre hospitalier de Béthune, Università degli Studi di Siena (UNISI)-Medical Genetics, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-IFR140-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] (IMU)-HMNC Brain Health-Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), University of Oxford [Oxford], Technische Universität München [München] (TUM)-Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM)-German Research Center for Environmental Health, University of Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Universita degli studi di Genova -G. Gaslini Institute, University of Toronto-The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, University of Toronto-The Hospital for Sick Children-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Institut de biologie de Lille - IBL (IBLI), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Human genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), De Villemeur, Hervé, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland., Other departments, Reymond, Alexandre, Antonarakis, Stylianos, Sloan Bena, Frédérique, Bottani, Armand, Callier, Patrick, Gimelli, Stefania, Merla, Giuseppe, Vollenweider, Peter, Université de Lausanne (UNIL)-Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM)-Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM)-German Research Center for Environmental Health, CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), University of Toronto-The Hospital for sick children [Toronto] (SickKids)-Department of Molecular Genetics-McLaughlin Centre, Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, Aging, Transcription, Genetic, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Body Height, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16, Cohort Studies, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Developmental Disabilities, Energy Metabolism, Europe, Female, Gene Dosage, Gene Duplication, Gene Expression Profiling, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Head, Heterozygote, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Mental Disorders, Middle Aged, Mutation, North America, Obesity, Phenotype, RNA, Messenger, Sequence Deletion, Thinness, Young Adult, Physiology, RNA, Messenger/analysis/genetics, Genome-wide association study, HIDDEN-MARKOV MODEL, 0302 clinical medicine, Sequence Deletion/genetics, ddc:576.5, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Body Height/genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 3. Good health, population characteristics, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics, Human, Locus (genetics), Gene Duplication/genetics, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic, education, SNP GENOTYPING DATA, Thinness/genetics, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Pair 16, Case-control study, nutritional and metabolic diseases, social sciences, medicine.disease, DEPENDENT PROBE AMPLIFICATION, Human medicine, Body mass index, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Messenger, Obesity/genetics, FAILURE-TO-THRIVE, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Head/anatomy & histology, METABOLIC SYNDROME, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, Multidisciplinary, TIME QUANTITATIVE PCR, Failure to thrive, medicine.symptom, Underweight, Transcription, geographic locations, Mutation/genetics, Population, Biology, Chromosomes, 150 000 MR Techniques in Brain Function, medicine, Preschool, 030304 developmental biology, COPY NUMBER VARIATION, Mental Disorders/genetics, Energy Metabolism/genetics, RELATIVE QUANTIFICATION, Gene Dosage/genetics, Newborn, BODY-MASS INDEX, CIRCULAR BINARY SEGMENTATION, RNA, Genetics and epigenetic pathways of disease Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [NCMLS 6], human activities, Developmental Disabilities/genetics
Abstract: To access publisher full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field. Both obesity and being underweight have been associated with increased mortality. Underweight, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≤ 18.5 kg per m(2) in adults and ≤ -2 standard deviations from the mean in children, is the main sign of a series of heterogeneous clinical conditions including failure to thrive, feeding and eating disorder and/or anorexia nervosa. In contrast to obesity, few genetic variants underlying these clinical conditions have been reported. We previously showed that hemizygosity of a ∼600-kilobase (kb) region on the short arm of chromosome 16 causes a highly penetrant form of obesity that is often associated with hyperphagia and intellectual disabilities. Here we show that the corresponding reciprocal duplication is associated with being underweight. We identified 138 duplication carriers (including 132 novel cases and 108 unrelated carriers) from individuals clinically referred for developmental or intellectual disabilities (DD/ID) or psychiatric disorders, or recruited from population-based cohorts. These carriers show significantly reduced postnatal weight and BMI. Half of the boys younger than five years are underweight with a probable diagnosis of failure to thrive, whereas adult duplication carriers have an 8.3-fold increased risk of being clinically underweight. We observe a trend towards increased severity in males, as well as a depletion of male carriers among non-medically ascertained cases. These features are associated with an unusually high frequency of selective and restrictive eating behaviours and a significant reduction in head circumference. Each of the observed phenotypes is the converse of one reported in carriers of deletions at this locus. The phenotypes correlate with changes in transcript levels for genes mapping within the duplication but not in flanking regions. The reciprocal impact of these 16p11.2 copy-number variants indicates that severe obesity and being underweight could have mirror aetiologies, possibly through contrasting effects on energy balance. Leenaards Foundation Jerome Lejeune Foundation Telethon Action Suisse Foundation Swiss National Science Foundation European Commission 037627 QLG1-CT-2000-01643 Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Imperial College Department of Medicine Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust National Institute for Health Research Wellcome Trust Medical Research Council Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)-FIS German Mental Retardation Network German Federal Ministry of Education and Research NGFNplus 01GS08160 European Union PI081714 PS09/01778 201413 245536 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/223423 Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research, Flanders Dutch Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZON-MW) 917-86-319 Hersenstichting Nederland (B.B.A.d.V.) Chinese National Natural Science Foundation 81000346 Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative Autism Speaks NIH GM061354 MH071425 Oesterreichische Nationalbank (OENB) 13059 Children's Tumor Foundation Harvard Medical School Fudan University Chinese National '973' project on Population and Health 2010CB529601 Science and Technology Council of Shanghai 09JC1402400 Michael Smith Foundation for Health CIHR MOP 74502 Estonian Government SF0180142s08 SF0180026s09 SF0180027s10 Helmholtz Zentrum Munich State of Bavaria German National Genome Research Network 01GS0823 German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) Munich Center of Health Sciences (MC Health, LMUinnovativ) Genome Canada McLaughlin Centre Academy of Finland 104781 120315 129269 1114194 University Hospital Oulu Biocenter University of Oulu, Finland 75617 NHLBI 5R01HL087679-02 1RL1MH083268-01 NIH/NIMH 5R01MH63706:02 ENGAGE project Medical Research Council, UK G0500539 G0600705 Academy of Finland Biocentrum Helsinki SAF2008-02278 HEALTH-F4-2007-201413
Published: 2011
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38. Early Onset Collagen VI Myopathies: Genetic and Clinical Correlations

Author: Louis Viollet, C. Gartioux, Valérie Allamand, Carmen Navarro, Murielle Dunand, E. Lacène, Filip Roelens, Denys Chaigne, Norma B. Romero, Kim Maincent, Soledad Monges, Isabelle Pénisson-Besnier, Thierry Kuntzer, Laura Briñas, Isabelle Desguerre, Tanya Stojkovic, Goknur Haliloglu, Pierre-Yves Jeannet, C. Ledeuil, Christine E. M. de Die-Smulders, Christine Tranchant, Susana Quijano-Roy, Ana Lia Taratuto, Annick Toutain, Bernard Echenne, Haluk Topaloglu, Pascale Guicheney, Brigitte Estournet, Luciano Merlini, Svetlana Maugenre, François Rivier, Fabiana Lubieniecki, Michèle Mayer, S. Makri, Pascale Richard, Ghislaine Plessis, Ana Ferreiro, Bruno Eymard, Genetica & Celbiologie, RS: GROW - School for Oncology and Reproduction, and Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları
Subjects: Adult, Male, Collagen Type VII, Adolescent, Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy, Statistics as Topic, Glycine, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Young Adult, Muscular Diseases, Collagen VI, medicine, Missense mutation, Humans, Genetic Testing, Myopathy, Child, Muscle, Skeletal, Gene, Cells, Cultured, Genetics, Mutation, Bethlem myopathy, Fibroblasts, medicine.disease, Exon skipping, congenital muscular-dystrophy, messenger-rna decay, bethlem myopathy, vonwillebrand-factor, sequence-analysis, globular domains, ullrich-disease, col6a1 gene, mutations, severity, Europe, Phenotype, Neurology, Child, Preschool, Female, Neurology (clinical), Neurosciences & Neurology, medicine.symptom
Abstract: Objective Mutations in the genes encoding the extracellular matrix protein collagen VI (ColVI) cause a spectrum of disorders with variable inheritance including Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy, Bethlem myopathy, and intermediate phenotypes. We extensively characterized, at the clinical, cellular, and molecular levels, 49 patients with onset in the first 2 years of life to investigate genotype-phenotype correlations. Methods Patients were classified into 3 groups: early-severe (18%), moderate-progressive (53%), and mild (29%). ColVI secretion was analyzed in patient-derived skin fibroblasts. Chain-specific transcript levels were quantified by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and mutation identification was performed by sequencing of complementary DNA. Results ColVI secretion was altered in all fibroblast cultures studied. We identified 56 mutations, mostly novel and private. Dominant de novo mutations were detected in 61% of the cases. Importantly, mutations causing premature termination codons (PTCs) or in-frame insertions strikingly destabilized the corresponding transcripts. Homozygous PTC-causing mutations in the triple helix domains led to the most severe phenotypes (ambulation never achieved), whereas dominant de novo in-frame exon skipping and glycine missense mutations were identified in patients of the moderate-progressive group (loss of ambulation). Interpretation This work emphasizes that the diagnosis of early onset ColVI myopathies is arduous and time-consuming, and demonstrates that quantitative RT-PCR is a helpful tool for the identification of some mutation-bearing genes. Moreover, the clinical classification proposed allowed genotype-phenotype relationships to be explored, and may be useful in the design of future clinical trials. ANN NEUROL 2010;68:511–520
Published: 2010

39. 5q12.1 deletion: delineation of a phenotype including mental retardation and ocular defects

Author: Leila Lazaro, Carla Rosenberg, Joris Andrieux, Marc Antoine Belaud-Rotureau, Véronique David, Ana Cristina Victorino Krepischi, Josette Lucas, Christèle Dubourg, Marine Le Brun, Sylvie Odent, Albert David, Débora Romeo Bertola, Sylvie Jaillard, Catherine Treguier, Jean Mosser, Ghislaine Plessis, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Laboratoire de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Camargo Hospital, A. C. Camargo Hospital [São Paulo], Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Hôpital Pontchaillou, Clinical Genetics Unit, Instituto da Criança-Hospital das Clínicas-University of São Paulo (USP), Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervicofaciale, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Génétique Clinique, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-hôpital Sud, Service de radiologie et imagerie médicale [Rennes] = Radiology [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences-University of São Paulo (USP), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de génétique moléculaire et génomique médicale [CHU Rennes], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP)-Instituto da Criança-Hospital das Clínicas, CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de génétique clinique [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP)-Institute of Biosciences, and De Villemeur, Hervé
Subjects: Male, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, MESH: Gene Order, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Child, MESH: Mental Retardation, Gene Order, Eye Abnormalities, Child, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Genetics (clinical), 5q12.1 deletion, MESH: Genetic Association Studies, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Psychomotor retardation, Phenotype, MESH: Eye Abnormalities, Child, Preschool, Kinesin, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5, Female, medicine.symptom, Chromosome Deletion, MESH: Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5, MESH: Chromosome Deletion, Biology, KIF2A gene, MESH: Phenotype, mental retardation, 03 medical and health sciences, Gene mapping, Critical regions, ocular anomalies, Intellectual Disability, [SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, medicine, Humans, Gene, Genetic Association Studies, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, MESH: Humans, MESH: Child, Preschool, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Developmental disorder, MESH: Comparative Genomic Hybridization, array-CGH, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract: International audience; Array-CGH enables the detection of submicroscopic chromosomal deletions and duplications and leads to an accurate delineation of the imbalances, raising the possibility of genotype to phenotype and mapping minimal critical regions associated with particular patterns of clinical features. We report here on four patients sharing common clinical features (psychomotor retardation, coarse facies and ocular anomalies), with proximal 5q deletions identified by oligo array-CGH. The deletions range from 5.75 to 17.26-Mb in size and occurred de novo. A common 2.63-Mb region between the deletions described here can be defined in 5q12.1 (59,390,122-62,021,754 bp from 5pter, hg18) and includes 12 genes. Among them, KIF2A, which encodes a kinesin superfamily protein, is a particularly interesting candidate for the phenotype, as it suppresses the growth of axonal collateral branches and is involved in normal brain development. Ocular defects, albeit unspecific, seem to be common in the 5q12.1 deletion. Identification of additional cases of deletions involving the 5q12.1 region will allow more accurate genotype-phenotype correlations.
Published: 2010
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40. A new highly penetrant form of obesity due to deletions on chromosome 16p11.2

Author: Peter Vollenweider, Leena Peltonen, Audrey Labalme, Jessica L. Buxton, Alessandra Ferrarini, Dawn M. Waterworth, Sven Bergmann, Gérard Waeber, Marie Pigeyre, Sébastien Jacquemont, Vincent Mooser, Audrey Guilmatre, C. Lecoeur, Muriel Holder-Espinasse, Bettina Blaumeiser, Elena G. Bochukova, Ni Huang, Andrew Walley, Danielle Martinet, Peter Jacobson, B. Leheup, Marie-Pierre Lemaitre, A. Brioschi, Julia M. Keogh, Damien Sanlaville, Stephen O'Rahilly, Robert Sladek, Bruno Delobel, Fanny Stutzmann, Sophie Dupuis-Girod, Philippe Froguel, Muriel Gaillard, Anne Philippe, Katrin Männik, Jean-Marie Cuisset, M. Béri-Dexheimer, Lachlan J. M. Coin, Fei Chen, François Pattou, Katrin Õunap, Mari Nelis, A.-L. Hartikainen, Jean-Claude Chèvre, Philippe Jonveaux, Alice Goldenberg, Kay D. MacDermot, Elana Henning, Odile Boute, Sonia Bouquillon, Armand Valsesia, Valérie Malan, Stéphane Lobbens, R. F. Kooy, Alexandra I. F. Blakemore, Marie-Pierre Cordier, Lena M. S. Carlsson, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Lars Sjöström, Paul Elliott, C Le Caignec, Florence Fellmann, Nadège Calmels, Dominique Campion, M. M. van Haelst, Vincent Vatin, B. Balkau, Jacques S. Beckmann, Mark I. McCarthy, Robert Caiazzo, Jean-Louis Mandel, Joris Andrieux, Nouchine Hadjikhani, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, David Meyre, Ants Kurg, J. S. El-Sayed Moustafa, Johanna C. Andersson, Jean Chiesa, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, R. Touraine, Tõnu Esko, Albert David, Alexandre Reymond, Priit Palta, Ghislaine Plessis, Andres Metspalu, Robin G. Walters, Vittorio Giusti, Richard J. Ellis, Bertrand Isidor, Anne-Emmanuelle Ambresin, A J de Smith, I. S. Farooqi, Matthew E. Hurles, Mario Falchi, Medical Research Council (MRC), Human genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), and Other departments
Subjects: Male, Aging, SAMPLE, Inheritance Patterns, Genome-wide association study, Penetrance, MC4R, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, SH2B1, Missing heritability problem, Age of Onset, Child, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Sex Characteristics, Multidisciplinary, Mental-Retardation, Adolescent Adult Age of Onset Aging Body Mass Index Case-Control Studies Child *Chromosome Deletion Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/*genetics Cognition Disorders/complications/genetics Cohort Studies Europe Female Genome-Wide Association Study Heterozygote Humans Inheritance Patterns/genetics Male Mutation/genetics Obesity/complications/*genetics/*physiopathology *Penetrance Reproducibility of Results Sex Characteristics Young Adult, 3. Good health, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Europe, Adolescent, Adult, Case-Control Studies, Chromosome Deletion, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics, Cognition Disorders/complications, Cognition Disorders/genetics, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Heterozygote, Humans, Inheritance Patterns/genetics, Mutation/genetics, Obesity/complications, Obesity/genetics, Obesity/physiopathology, Reproducibility of Results, Young Adult, Medical genetics, Science & Technology - Other Topics, CHILDHOOD OBESITY, medicine.medical_specialty, Childhood Obesity, BIRTH, General Science & Technology, Population, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Article, Childhood obesity, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, MICRODELETION, Obesity, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, AUTISM, education, 030304 developmental biology, COPY NUMBER VARIATION, Science & Technology, MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES, FRAMESHIFT MUTATION, Individuals, medicine.disease, RISK LOCI, INDIVIDUALS, CIRCULAR BINARY SEGMENTATION, Mutation, Human medicine, Cognition Disorders, MENTAL-RETARDATION, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16
Abstract: Obesity has become a major worldwide challenge to public health, owing to an interaction between the Western 'obesogenic' environment and a strong genetic contribution. Recent extensive genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with obesity, but these loci together account for only a small fraction of the known heritable component. Thus, the 'common disease, common variant' hypothesis is increasingly coming under challenge. Here we report a highly penetrant form of obesity, initially observed in 31 subjects who were heterozygous for deletions of at least 593 kilobases at 16p11.2 and whose ascertainment included cognitive deficits. Nineteen similar deletions were identified from GWAS data in 16,053 individuals from eight European cohorts. These deletions were absent from healthy non-obese controls and accounted for 0.7% of our morbid obesity cases (body mass index (BMI) >or= 40 kg m(-2) or BMI standard deviation score >or= 4; P = 6.4 x 10(-8), odds ratio 43.0), demonstrating the potential importance in common disease of rare variants with strong effects. This highlights a promising strategy for identifying missing heritability in obesity and other complex traits: cohorts with extreme phenotypes are likely to be enriched for rare variants, thereby improving power for their discovery. Subsequent analysis of the loci so identified may well reveal additional rare variants that further contribute to the missing heritability, as recently reported for SIM1 (ref. 3). The most productive approach may therefore be to combine the 'power of the extreme' in small, well-phenotyped cohorts, with targeted follow-up in case-control and population cohorts.
Published: 2010
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41. Cryptic genomic imbalances in de novo and inherited apparently balanced chromosomal rearrangements: array CGH study of 47 unrelated cases

Author: Damien Sanlaville, Joris Andrieux, Jean-Marie Cuisset, Odile Boute, Marie-Pierre Cordier, Marianne Till, Sylvie Sukno, Catherine Henry, Bruno Delobel, Sylvie Odent, Audrey Labalme, Ghislaine Plessis, Laurent Pasquier, Christèle Dubourg, Henri Copin, Gwenaël Nadeau, Josette Lucas, Sylvie Jaillard, Philippe Latour, Bénédicte Duban-Bedu, Patrick Edery, Caroline Schluth-Bolard, Service de cytogénétique constitutionnelle, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU de Lyon-Centre Neuroscience et Recherche, Centre de Génétique Chromosomique, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul-Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille (GHICL), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Laboratoire de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul-Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille (GHICL), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Cytogénétique et de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de biologie moléculaire, Hôpital Pontchaillou, Service de génétique clinique [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, Laboratoire de Neurogénétique, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de Génétique, Service de Cytogénétique, Centre hospitalier de Valence, Service de Génétique clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), De Villemeur, Hervé, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul-GHICL, Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul-GHICL, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de génétique clinique, and hôpital Sud
Subjects: Male, apparently balanced translocations, Chromosomal translocation, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Biology, Genome, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Translocation, Genetic, law.invention, Molecular cytogenetics, 03 medical and health sciences, law, Intellectual Disability, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Genetics, Humans, array CGH, In patient, Abnormalities, Multiple, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Genetics (clinical), Polymerase chain reaction, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, 030304 developmental biology, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Chromosome Aberrations, Gene Rearrangement, 0303 health sciences, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, 030305 genetics & heredity, Karyotype, General Medicine, Phenotype, Karyotyping, Chromosome Inversion, [SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Female, Gene Deletion, abnormal phenotype, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract: International audience; Investigations of apparently balanced chromosomal rearrangements in patients with abnormal phenotype by molecular cytogenetics tools, especially by array CGH, revealed a proportion of unsuspected imbalances. It was estimated recently that 40% of apparently balanced de novo translocations with abnormal phenotype were associated with cryptic deletion. We explored 47 unrelated mental retardation patients carrying an apparently balanced chromosomal rearrangement with high-resolution oligonucleotides arrays. We included 33 de novo cases (21 translocations, 7 inversions and 5 complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCR)) and 14 inherited cases (7 translocations, 5 inversions and 2 CCR). Twenty of the 47 cases (42.6%) carried a cryptic deletion ranging from 60 kb to 15.37 Mb. It concerned 16/33 de novo rearrangements (8/21 translocations, 4/7 inversions and 4/5 CCR) and 4/14 inherited rearrangements (1/7 translocations, 2/5 inversions and 1/2 CCR). The proportion of imbalances was not statistically different between de novo and inherited cases. Our results support that about 40% apparently balanced chromosomal rearrangements with abnormal phenotype are in fact imbalanced and that these rearrangements should be systematically investigated by array CGH independently of their de novo or inherited character.
Published: 2009
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42. Mutations in the beta-tubulin gene TUBB2B result in asymmetrical polymicrogyria

Author: Jamel Chelly, Guoling Tian, Cherif Beldjord, Karine Poirier, Irina N. Snoeck, Laetitia Castelnau-Ptakhine, Manoelle Kossorotoff, Alfonso Represa, Xavier H. Jaglin, Françoise Phan-Dinh-Tuy, Emmanuelle Buhler, Pascale Bomont, David A. Keays, Sylvie Odent, Xiang-Peng Kong, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Jonathan Flint, Philippe Parent, Ghislaine Plessis, Philippe Loget, Carlos Cardoso, Nicholas J. Cowan, Catherine Fallet-Bianco, Yoann Saillour, Institut Cochin (UMR_S567 / UMR 8104), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée [Aix-Marseille Université] (INMED - INSERM U1249), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Biochemistry, New York University Langone Medical Center (NYU Langone Medical Center), NYU System (NYU)-NYU System (NYU), Service de neurologie pédiatrique [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Sainte Anne, Service de génétique clinique [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques [Rennes] = Anatomy and Cytopathology [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Locatie Juliana Kinderziekenhuis Polikliniek, Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Unité d'hémato-oncologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Laboratoire de biochimie et génétique moléculaire, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], University of Oxford, Institute of Molecular Pathology, De Villemeur, Hervé, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Génétique Clinique, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-hôpital Sud, Hôpital des Enfants, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], University of Oxford [Oxford], Institut Cochin ( UMR_S567 / UMR 8104 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de neurobiologie de la Méditerranée ( INMED ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), New York University Medical Center, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Hôpital Sud, Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques [Rennes], Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Hôpital Pontchaillou-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de génétique, CHU Caen-Hôpital Clémenceau, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP]-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), and Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics
Subjects: Adult, Adolescent, Lissencephaly, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Tubulin, Microtubule, [SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Genetics, medicine, Polymicrogyria, Humans, [ SDV.BDD ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Cerebral Cortex, 0303 health sciences, TUBB3, Mutation, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Pachygyria, Genetic Variation, medicine.disease, Cell biology, Malformations of Cortical Development, Fetal Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Amino Acid Substitution, Cerebral cortex, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Child, Preschool, biology.protein, Pia Mater, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [ SDV.GEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Polymicrogyria is a relatively common but poorly understood defect of cortical development characterized by numerous small gyri and a thick disorganized cortical plate lacking normal lamination. Here we report de novo mutations in a b-tubulin gene, TUBB2B, in four individuals and a 27-gestational-week fetus with bilateral asymmetrical polymicrogyria. Neuropathological examination of the fetus revealed an absence of cortical lamination associated with the presence of ectopic neuronal cells in the white matter and in the leptomeningeal spaces due to breaches in the pial basement membrane. In utero RNAi-based inactivation demonstrates that TUBB2B is required for neuronal migration. We also show that two disease-associated mutations lead to impaired formation of tubulin heterodimers. These observations, together with previous data, show that disruption of microtubule-based processes underlies a large spectrum of neuronal migration disorders that includes not only lissencephaly and pachygyria, but also polymicrogyria malformations. The crucial role of the tubulin superfamily in diverse cellular processes 1 and the association of TUBA1A mutations with a broad
Published: 2009
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43. A cluster of translocation breakpoints in 2q37 is associated with overexpression of NPPC in patients with a similar overgrowth phenotype

Author: Anne Moncla, Chantal Missirian, Jean-Luc Jouve, Pierre Cacciagli, Laurence Legeai-Mallet, Martine Le Merrer, Eve Balzamo, Nicole Philip, Ghislaine Plessis, Laurent Villard, and Brigitte Chabrol
Subjects: Male, Negative regulatory element, Chromosomal translocation, Biology, Translocation, Genetic, Genetics, Humans, Child, Genetics (clinical), Growth Disorders, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Regulation of gene expression, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Chromosome, Karyotype, Chromosome Breakage, Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type, Phenotype, Molecular biology, Gene Expression Regulation, Overgrowth syndrome, Child, Preschool, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2, Karyotyping, Chromosome breakage, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7
Abstract: Overexpression of the C-type natriuretic peptide, encoded by the NPPC gene in 2q37.1, was recently reported in a patient presenting an overgrowth phenotype and a balanced t(2;7)(q37.1;q21.3) translocation. We present clinical, cytogenetic, and molecular data from two additional patients carrying balanced translocations involving the same 2q37.1 chromosome band and chromosomes 8 and 13, respectively. The clinical phenotype of these patients is very similar to the first patient described. In addition to the overgrowth syndrome, there is evidence of generalized cartilage dysplasia. In these two new cases, we found overexpression of NPPC, confirming that this unusual overgrowth phenotype in humans is due to the overexpression of this gene. The involvement of three different chromosomes and a cluster of breakpoints around the NPPC gene suggests that the overexpression of this gene in translocation patients could be due to its separation from a negative regulatory element located on chromosome 2, which would constitute a previously undescribed mutational mechanism.
Published: 2007

44. Molecular screening of ALK1/ACVRL1 and ENG genes in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia in France

Author: Gaëtan, Lesca, Henri, Plauchu, Florence, Coulet, Sylvain, Lefebvre, Ghislaine, Plessis, Sylvie, Odent, Sophie, Rivière, Bruno, Leheup, Cyril, Goizet, Marie-France, Carette, Jean-François, Cordier, Stéphane, Pinson, Florent, Soubrier, Alain, Calender, and Sophie, Giraud
Subjects: Antigens, CD, Activin Receptors, Type II, DNA Mutational Analysis, Mutation, Endoglin, Humans, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, Receptors, Cell Surface, Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic, France, Activin Receptors, Type I
Abstract: Hereditary hemmorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT, or Osler-Rendu-Weber syndrome) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by arteriovenous malformations, affecting 1 out of 10,000 individuals in France. The disease is caused by mutations of two genes: ENG and ALK1 (ACVRL1). We screened the coding sequence of ENG and ALK1 in 160 unrelated French index cases. A germline mutation was identified in 100 individuals (62.5%). A total of 36 mutations were found in ENG, including three nonsense mutations, 19 small insertions/deletions leading to a frameshift, two inframe deletions, seven missense mutations, and five intronic or splice-site mutations. Of the 36 mutations, 33 were novel mutations. A total of 64 mutations were found in ALK1, including six nonsense mutations, 28 small insertions/deletions leading to a frameshift, one inframe deletion, 27 missense mutations, and two intronic or splice-site mutations. Of the 64 mutations, 27 were novel mutations. Mutations were found in most parts of the coding sequence for both genes, except ALK1 exon 5 and ENG exons 12 to 14. Missense mutations in ALK1 were more frequent in exons 7, 8, and 10. ENG cDNA was sequenced for three intronic mutations: c.689+2TC produced an abnormal transcript excluding exon 5, c.1103+3_1103+8del activated a cryptic splice site 22 bp upstream, and c.1428GA produced two abnormal transcripts, one including intron 11 and the other excluding exon 10. Although most of the mutations were private, some recurrent mutations in ALK1 were of particular interest. Mutation c.1112_1113dupG (p.Gly371fsX391) was found in 17 unrelated individuals sharing a common haplotype, strongly suggesting a founder effect related to the concentration of patients previously reported in a specific French region (Rhône-Alpes). Three missense mutations involved the same codon: c.1231CT (p.Arg411Trp), c.1232GC (p.Arg411Pro), and c.1232GA (p.Arg411Gln) were found in seven, two, and one patients, respectively. Haplotype analysis was in favor of both a founder effect and a mutation hot-spot.
Published: 2004

45. Chromosome imbalances in oligodendroglial tumors detected by comparative genomic hybridization

Author: Françoise Chapon, Ghislaine Plessis, José Guarnieri, Jean Michel Derlon, Philippe Jonveaux, and Violaine Bourdon
Subjects: Chromosome Aberrations, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Brain Neoplasms, Oligodendroglioma, Anaplastic oligodendroglioma, Astrocytoma, Chromosome, In situ hybridization, Biology, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, nervous system diseases, Chromosome 16, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Oligodendroglial Tumor, neoplasms, In Situ Hybridization, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract: Seven well-differentiated oligodendrogliomas, 16 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and two cases of oligoastrocytomas were investigated by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) on frozen tissue samples. The most frequent losses found involved 1p and 19q in 32% of cases. Loss of 9p was observed during malignant progression in 25% of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas. In two anaplastic oligodendrogliomas gain of 1q was found. The frequent losses of chromosome 16 and 22 have not been reported previously. These results underscore that CGH is a powerful tool for the classification of gliomas complementing the traditional histopathological approach.
Published: 2003

46. Intra-species chromosome-length polymorphism in Geotrichum candidum revealed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis

Author: Nathalie Desmasures, Martine Beliard, Jean-Michel Panoff, Ghislaine Plessis, Stéphanie Gente, Micheline Guéguen, Cyril Jacopin, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Alimentaire (LMA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, and Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)
Subjects: DNA, Bacterial, Geotrichum, Biology, MESH: Genome, Bacterial, Microbiology, Genome, 03 medical and health sciences, Geotrichosis, Species Specificity, MESH: Polymorphism, Genetic, medicine, Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, MESH: Species Specificity, Genome size, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, Gel electrophoresis, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Polymorphism, Genetic, 030306 microbiology, Chromosome, Karyotype, General Medicine, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, MESH: DNA, Bacterial, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, MESH: Geotrichum, MESH: Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Genome, Bacterial, Food Science
Abstract: International audience; Geotrichum candidum is an ascomycetous anamorph yeast-like fungus found in various habitats. It is a component of the natural flora of milk and is used as a maturing agent for both soft and hard cheeses. This microorganism displays phenotypic variability and may act as an opportunist pathogen, causing geotrichosis. Cytological analysis of G. candidum strain ATCC 204307 showed this strain to have eight chromosomes. We prepared chromosomal DNA from 13 strains of G. candidum differing in habitat and morphotype. We used pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) in two sets of conditions to determine the size of the chromosomal DNA molecules. The strains investigated had five to eight chromosomes, 0.6 to 4.5 Mb in size. We estimated genome size in these 13 strains to be between 11 and 19 Mb. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles showed a high degree of polymorphism, indicating considerable variability between strains. Genome size and the presence of large chromosomes appeared to be correlated with morphotype. Strains with a mold-like or intermediate morphotype tended to have larger genomes than strains with a yeast-like morphotype did.
Published: 2002
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47. Scalp defect, absence of nipples, ear anomalies, renal hypoplasia: another case of Finlay-Marks syndrome

Author: M. Le Treust, Ghislaine Plessis, and M. Le Merrer
Subjects: Adult, Mamelon, Kidney, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Genetics (clinical), Scalp, biology, business.industry, Tooth Abnormalities, Pinna, Autosomal dominant trait, Ear, Anatomy, Syndrome, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Renal hypoplasia, Hypoplasia, medicine.anatomical_structure, Agenesis, Face, Nipples, Female, business, Kidney disease, Hair
Abstract: The association of scalp defect, unusual ears and absence of nipples was described by Finlay & Marks as an autosomal dominant trait. We report a new case in a 23-year-old woman. Renal insufficiency and cataract seem to be frequent and must be investigated.
Published: 1998

48. No evidence of genetic heterogeneity in dominant optic atrophy

Author: Eric H Souied, E D'Haens, Ghislaine Plessis, Jean-Michel Rozet, J. C. Kaplan, Jean Weissenbach, Hubert Journel, Sylvie Gerber, Arnold Munnich, and Dominique Bonneau
Subjects: Male, genetic structures, Pedigree chart, Locus (genetics), Biology, Genetic Heterogeneity, Atrophy, Optic Atrophies, Hereditary, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Gene, Dyschromatopsia, Genetics (clinical), Genes, Dominant, Genetic heterogeneity, Chromosome Mapping, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Pedigree, Optic nerve, Microsatellite, Female, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3, Research Article
Abstract: Autosomal dominant optic atrophy (OPA, MIM 165500) is an eye disease causing a variable reduction of visual acuity with an insidious onset in the first six years of life. It is associated with a central scotoma and an acquired blue-yellow dyschromatopsia. A gene for dominant optic atrophy (OPA1) has recently been mapped to chromosome 3q in three large Danish pedigrees. Here, we confirm the mapping of OPA1 to chromosome 3q28-qter by showing close linkage of the disease locus to three recently reported microsatellite DNA markers in the interval defined by loci D3S1314 and D3S1265 in four French families (Zmax = 5.13 at theta = 0 for probe AFM 308yf1 at locus D3S1601). Multipoint analysis supports the mapping of the disease gene to the genetic interval defined by loci D3S1314 and D3S1265. The present study provides three new markers closely linked to the disease gene for future genetic studies in OPA.
Published: 1995

49. In Childhood B-Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) with Hyperdiploidy >50 Chromosomes, Patients with 58 to 66 Chromosomes Have 99% EFS At 6-Year Follow-up: Results of the EORTC CLG 58951 Trial

Author: Dominique Plantaz, Brigitte Nelken, Pierre Heimann, Sandrine Girard, Christian Herens, Frank Speleman, Marie Pierre Pagès, Nicole Dastugue, Françoise Mazingue, Nicolas Sirvent, Martine Munzer, Anne Uyttebroeck, Claire Hoyoux, Carine Gervais, Matthias Karrasch, Anne Hagemeijer, Lucília Norton, Geneviève Plat, Patrick Boutard, Yves Benoit, Isabelle Luquet, Ghislaine Plessis, Karima Yakouben, Hélène Cavé, Yves Bertrand, Marie Agnès Collonge, Patrick Lutz, Manuel Teixera, Emmanuelle Delabesse, Alina Ferster, Stefan Suciu, and Pierre Rohrlich
Subjects: Genetics, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, Cytogenetics, Chromosomal translocation, Karyotype, Cell Biology, Hematology, Biology, medicine.disease, Biochemistry, Gastroenterology, Leukemia, Acute lymphocytic leukemia, Internal medicine, Tetrasomy, medicine, Hyperdiploidy, Trisomy
Abstract: Abstract 565FN2 Hyperdiploidy >50 chromosomes (HD>50) has long been recognized as favorable group in childhood B-ALL but there is still debate on the factors contributing to heterogeneity of prognosis observed within this entity. Better outcome has been reported for patients (pts) presenting DNA index (DI) >1.16 (Blood 1985;10:213), ≥56 chromosomes (Leukemia 1996;10:213), triple trisomies (TT) +4,+10,+17, double trisomies +4,+10 (Leukemia 2005;19:734) and trisomy 18 (Blood 2003;102:2756) but there is no consensus between the reports and these factors are differently applied in current protocols. We studied these factors in the pts with HD>50 enrolled in the ALL 58951 trial, BFM related. HD>50 were detected by cytogenetics (karyotype/FISH) and/or flow cytometry (DI). In order to analyze the outcome of HD>50 itself, pts with recurrent unfavorable translocations t(9;22), 11q23/MLL+, with t(1;19), t(12;21) or Down Syndrome were excluded, as well as near-triploidies/duplication of hypodiploidies 30–39 chromosomes. Pts were stratified into 4 risk groups (VLR/AR1/AR2/VHR) according to DI, Modal Number of Chromosomes (MNC), WBC, CNS/gonadal involvement, presence of VHR features (unfavorable translocations, poor response to prephase, residual disease (MRD) at the end of induction >10-2). VLR was defined as: DI>1.16 or MNC>50, WBC Overall Results: Out of 1651 B-lineage pts registered in the 58951 study over a 10-year period (1998-2008), a total of 541 pts had HD>50. Median age was 3 years and median WBC was 5.6×109/L. After prephase, 3% (N=17) were poor responders; initial risk group distribution into VLR/AR1/AR2/VHR was 45%/47%/5%/3%. After induction, 540 (99.8%) reached complete remission, 455 of whom had an MRD evaluation: MRD10-3 (N=26;6%) or MRD≥10-2 (N=13;2%). At median follow-up of 6 years, 48 pts (9%) relapsed, 22 pts (4%) died and 6 (1%) died without relapse. The 6-yr EFS was 89% (SE=1.5%). MNC was assessed in 446 pts (82%) with successful karyotypes, MNC ranged from 51 to 66 chromosomes and peaked at 55–56; 87 pts had 51 to 53 chromosomes (HD51-53), 258 pts had 54 to 57 (HD54-57) and 101 pts had ≥58 chromosomes (HD≥58). In these 3 groups, VLR regimen was given to 16%, 50% and 64% respectively. Structural abnormalities were detected in 46% of pts and associated with all MNCs. DI, assessed in 460 pts was Prognostic Factors: The only significant prognostic factors for EFS were MNC, DI, TT, DT and MRD. EFS was clearly improved (p10-2 and 2 pts: MRD≥10-3) and only 1 pt (MNC=58) relapsed. No specific profile of chromosome gains was identified in HD ≥58 since all chromosomes contributed to tri/tetrasomies, except chromosome 1. Likewise, the higher the DI the better the outcome (p=0.01): 6-yr EFS was 83% (DI TT were detected in 168 out of 468 pts, and DT in 242 out of 466 pts. There was no overlap with HD ≥58 since TT and DT were distributed from 52 to 66 chromosomes. One third of TT and of DT had MNC≥58. TT and DT were also of prognostic importance for outcome: the 6-yr EFS rate was 96% (TT) vs 86% (non-TT) (p=0.005) and 94% (DT) vs 84% (non-DT) (p=0.003). A hierarchical variable based on presence of HD≥58, TT or DT showed that HD ≥58 (N=101; 6-yr EFS: 99%) group had a better outcome than TT without HD≥58 (N=115; 6-yr EFS: 93%) and DT without HD≥58 and without +17 (N=55; 6-yr EFS: 84%) groups (p=0.04). We can infer from our results that the good outcome observed for all of the TT and DT was partially due to their association with HD '58. Consequently, the best indicator for excellent outcome was a high MNC (≥58 chromosomes). From our 58951 trial, we can assume that among children with B-ALL and HD>50, those with ≥58 chromosomes, stand every chance of being cured. Our results stress the necessity of karyotype for identifying them since this is the only way to assess MNC. They can also be detected (less accurately) by DI (DI ≥1.24). Therefore, both MNC and DI should be used for stratifying pts in the very low risk groups. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Published: 2011
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50. Prognostic Impact of Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Elderly Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Enrolled in the ALFA-9803 Trial

Author: Hervé Dombret, Jean-Luc Laï, Christine Terré, Christian Bastard, Xavier Thomas, Odile Maarek, Ghislaine Plessis, Florence Nguyen-Khac, Pierre Fenaux, Virginie Eclache, François Desangles, Christine Perot, Alain Bernheim, Nathalie Gachard, Claude Gardin, Isabelle Tigaud, Thierry de Revel, and Pascal Turlure
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Surrogate endpoint, Immunology, Cytogenetics, Myeloid leukemia, Karyotype, Cell Biology, Hematology, Biochemistry, Gastroenterology, Refractory, Internal medicine, Complex Karyotype, Ambulatory, medicine, Abnormality, business
Abstract: We have recently reported the superiority of prolonged ambulatory versus short intensive post-remission therapy in 416 patients with AML aged 65 years or more (median age, 72 years) selected to be treated intensively in the ALFA-9803 trial (C. Gardin et al. Blood 2007). We report here on the prognostic value of cytogenetic abnormalities in 339 of these patients with available karyotype (27 not done, 50 failures). When classical endpoints (CR rate, DFS, OS) were used, we were only able to identify one very unfavorable subgroup of 14% patients (N=49 with −7, abnormalities of both chromosomes 5 and 7, 3q abnormality, or complex karyotype with 5 abnormalities or more; CR rate, 30%). No significant differences in outcome were found between patients with any other abnormality and the 171 patients with a normal karyotype/−Y (overall CR rate, 62%). When cumulative incidences of AML-related events (primary refractory AML, relapses) were used as endpoints with induction deaths and deaths in first CR as competing events, three distinct subsets were more easily identified: 14% very unfavorable-risk patients, as detailed above; 59% standard-risk patients (N=200 with t(8;21), inv(16), normal karyotype/−Y, or isolated +8; CR rate, 65%); and 27% unfavorable-risk patients (N=90 with other abnormalities, including notably 5q− and 7q−; CR rate, 58%). Median failure-free interval (Fig 1; P 1. Failure-free interval 1. Failure-free interval 2. Relapse-free interval 2. Relapse-free interval
Published: 2007
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