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The extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) is primarily responsible for extension and ulnar deviation at the wrist. Secondary to repetitive loading of, or acute trauma to the flexed, supinated and ulnarly deviated wrist, the ECU tendon can be a common source of ulnar-sided wrist pain. Common pathology includes ECU tendinopathy, tenosynovitis, tendon instability, and tendon rupture. Extensor carpi ulnaris pathology commonly occurs in athletes and patients with inflammatory arthritis. Given the multitude of available methods to treat ECU tendon pathology, the aim of our study was to outline operative management of ECU tendon pathology, with emphasis on reviewing techniques for addressing ECU instability. We acknowledge a continuing debate between anatomical and nonanatomical techniques for ECU subsheath reconstruction. However, use of a portion of the extensor retinaculum for nonanatomical reconstruction is commonly used and demonstrates successful outcomes. Future comparative studies on ECU fixation are required to increase data on patient outcomes, to further define and standardize these techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) may also have cervical radiculopathy (CR) or vice versa, potentially requiring carpal tunnel release (CTR) and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). This study evaluates whether there is an increased risk of complications following CTR or ACDF in patients with concurrent CTS and CR (CTS-CR) compared with those with only CTS or CR. Methods: A multipayer database was used to identify patients with CTS-CR. From this cohort, patients who underwent CTR and/or ACDF were identified. Patients with CTS-CR undergoing surgery were compared with those undergoing surgery with only CTS or CR. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare matched populations to assess postoperative complications and risk of undergoing both procedures. Results: A total of 110 379 patients with CTS-CR were identified. Carpal tunnel release was performed in 21 152 patients (19.2%) with CTS-CR, from which 835 (0.76%) underwent ACDF. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion was performed in 6960 patients (6.31%) with CTS-CR followed by CTR in 1098 patients (0.99%). Patients with CTS-CR were at greater risk of reoperation and complex regional pain syndrome following CTR. In ACDF, patients with CTS-CR were at greater risk of reoperation. Obesity and tobacco use were significant risk factors in patients with CTS-CR who underwent both CTR and ACDF rather than a single surgery. Conclusions: Examination of more than 100 000 patients with CTS-CR found a greater likelihood of reoperation and perioperative complications following surgery than those without concurrent diagnoses. Obesity and smoking increased the risk for patients undergoing both procedures. Patients presenting with CTS-CR are high risk and should be counseled on risk of complication and reoperation and optimized to reduce risk of undergoing both CTR and ACDF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study seeks to examine the reliability, quality, and content of YouTube videos on cubital tunnel syndrome, on which there is presently a paucity of information. Methods: The top 50 unique YouTube videos by relevance resulting from the Boolean search term "cubital tunnel + cubital tunnel syndrome" were identified, with video properties for analysis including source, upload date, duration, views, and comments. Content was assessed using the Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) criteria, the Global Quality Score (GQS), and a "Cubital Tunnel–Specific Score" (CTSS). Results: The average video saw 72 108 ± 199 362 views, with videos produced by allied (nonphysician) health professionals demonstrating the highest mean views (111 789 ± 294 471 views). Videos demonstrated low mean JAMA scores (2.4/4 ± 0.7), GQS (2.8/5 ± 1.3), and CTSS (7.5/21 ± 4.3), with academic and nonacademic physician videos demonstrating significantly greater mean GQS and CTSS scores when compared with videos by allied health professionals. Positive independent predictors for GQS included academic sources (β = 1.871), nonacademic physician sources (β = 1.651), and video duration (β = 0.102), which were likewise positive predictors for CTSS (β = 4.553, 4.639, 0.374). Content relating to surgical techniques or approaches for cubital tunnel decompression had the greatest CTSS scores (11.2 [4.2]). Conclusions: YouTube is a source of highly accessible information on cubital tunnel syndrome, although the average video presents generally poor and inadequate information. Directing patients toward higher quality video resources can be a meaningful component of patient education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anabolic steroid therapy has been associated with tendon injury, but there is a paucity of evidence associating physiologic testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) with tenosynovitis of the hand, specifically trigger finger and de Quervain tenosynovitis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between TRT and tenosynovitis of the hand. This was a one-to-one exact matched retrospective cohort study using a large nationwide claims database. Records were queried between 2010 and 2019 for adult patients who filled a prescription for TRT for 3 consecutive months. Rates of new onset trigger finger and de Quervain tenosynovitis and subsequent steroid injection or surgery were identified using ICD-9, ICD-10, and Current Procedural Terminology billing codes. Single-variable chi-square analyses and multivariable logistic regression were used to compare rates in the TRT and control cohorts while controlling for potential confounding variables. Both unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR) are reported for each comparison. In the adjusted analysis, patients undergoing TRT were more than twice as likely to develop trigger finger compared to their matched controls. TRT was also associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing de Quervain tenosynovitis. Of the patients diagnosed with either trigger finger or de Quervain tenosynovitis over the 2-year period, patients with prior TRT were roughly twice as likely to undergo steroid injections or surgical release for both trigger finger and de Quervain tenosynovitis compared to the controls. TRT is associated with an increased likelihood of both trigger finger and de Quervain tenosynovitis, and an increased likelihood of requiring surgical release for both conditions. Prognostic II. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]