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2. The SuperCam Instrument Suite on the Mars 2020 Rover: Science Objectives and Mast-Unit Description

Author

Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., Bernardi, P., Caïs, P., Robinson, S., Nelson, T., Gasnault, O., Reess, J.-M., Deleuze, M., Rull, F., Manrique, J.-A., Abbaki, S., Anderson, R. B., André, Y., Angel, S. M., Arana, G., Battault, T., Beck, P., Benzerara, K., Bernard, S., Berthias, J.-P., Beyssac, O., Bonafous, M., Bousquet, B., Boutillier, M., Cadu, A., Castro, K., Chapron, F., Chide, B., Clark, K., Clavé, E., Clegg, S., Cloutis, E., Collin, C., Cordoba, E. C., Cousin, A., Dameury, J.-C., D’Anna, W., Daydou, Y., Debus, A., Deflores, L., Dehouck, E., Delapp, D., De Los Santos, G., Donny, C., Doressoundiram, A., Dromart, G., Dubois, B., Dufour, A., Dupieux, M., Egan, M., Ervin, J., Fabre, C., Fau, A., Fischer, W., Forni, O., Fouchet, T., Frydenvang, J., Gauffre, S., Gauthier, M., Gharakanian, V., Gilard, O., Gontijo, I., Gonzalez, R., Granena, D., Grotzinger, J., Hassen-Khodja, R., Heim, M., Hello, Y., Hervet, G., Humeau, O., Jacob, X., Jacquinod, S., Johnson, J. R., Kouach, D., Lacombe, G., Lanza, N., Lapauw, L., Laserna, J., Lasue, J., Le Deit, L., Le Mouélic, S., Le Comte, E., Lee, Q.-M., Legett, IV, C., Leveille, R., Lewin, E., Leyrat, C., Lopez-Reyes, G., Lorenz, R., Lucero, B., Madariaga, J. M., Madsen, S., Madsen, M., Mangold, N., Manni, F., Mariscal, J.-F., Martinez-Frias, J., Mathieu, K., Mathon, R., McCabe, K. P., McConnochie, T., McLennan, S. M., Mekki, J., Melikechi, N., Meslin, P.-Y., Micheau, Y., Michel, Y., Michel, J. M., Mimoun, D., Misra, A., Montagnac, G., Montaron, C., Montmessin, F., Moros, J., Mousset, V., Morizet, Y., Murdoch, N., Newell, R. T., Newsom, H., Nguyen Tuong, N., Ollila, A. M., Orttner, G., Oudda, L., Pares, L., Parisot, J., Parot, Y., Pérez, R., Pheav, D., Picot, L., Pilleri, P., Pilorget, C., Pinet, P., Pont, G., Poulet, F., Quantin-Nataf, C., Quertier, B., Rambaud, D., Rapin, W., Romano, P., Roucayrol, L., Royer, C., Ruellan, M., Sandoval, B. F., Sautter, V., Schoppers, M. J., Schröder, S., Seran, H.-C., Sharma, S. K., Sobron, P., Sodki, M., Sournac, A., Sridhar, V., Standarovsky, D., Storms, S., Striebig, N., Tatat, M., Toplis, M., Torre-Fdez, I., Toulemont, N., Velasco, C., Veneranda, M., Venhaus, D., Virmontois, C., Viso, M., Willis, P., and Wong, K. W.

Published
2021
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4. 63 MeV proton-induced mild displacement effects in long-wave infrared InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice barrier infrared detectors.

Author

Alchaar, R., Bataillon, C., Perez, J.-P., Gilard, O., and Christol, P.

Subjects
INFRARED detectors, PROTON transfer reactions, PROTONS, IRRADIATION, DETECTORS
Abstract

In this work, we investigated the effects of 63 MeV proton irradiation on the electrical performance of long-wave infrared InAs/GaSb type-II superlattice barrier detectors. The dark current density increase due to displacement dose effects does not exceed a factor of 2.6, regardless of the absorber thickness, when measured after a proton fluence of 8 × 10 11 H + / cm 2 at 100 K. Subsequent analysis showed that the dark current changes behavior after irradiation, and the dominant current is no longer diffusion but generation–recombination and trap-assisted tunneling. Device simulation also allowed us to extract a minority carrier lifetime before and after irradiation, which decreases with increasing fluence as a result of the 63 MeV proton-induced mild material degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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9. Epitaxial GaAs for X-ray imaging

Author

Sun, G.C., Rao, R., Makham, S., Bourgoin, J.C., Zhang, X.Y., Gohier, R., Masiello, F., Härtwig, J., Baruchel, J., Ponchut, C., Balocchi, A., Marie, X., Gilard, O., Roch-Jeune, I., and Pesant, J.C.

Published
2011
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14. The SuperCam Instrument Suite on the Mars 2020 Rover: Science Objectives and Mast-Unit Description

Author

Química analítica, Kimika analitikoa, Maurice, Sylvestre, Wiens, Roger C., Bernardi, Pernelle, Cais, Philippe, Robinson, Scott H., Nelson, T., Gasnault, Olivier, Reess, Jean-Michel, Deleuze, Muriel, Rull, Fernando, Manrique, José Antonio, Abbaki, S., Anderson, Ryan B., Andre, Yves, Angel, S. M., Arana Momoitio, Gorka, Battault, T., Beck, Pierre, Benzerara, Karim, Bernard, Sylvain, Berthias, J. P., Beyssac, Olivier, Bonafous, M., Bousquet, Bruno, Boutillier, M., Cadu, A., Castro Ortiz de Pinedo, Kepa, Chapron, F., Chide, Baptiste, Clark, Kevin, Clavé, E., Clegg, Sam, Cloutis, Edward, Collin, C., Cordoba, Elizabeth C., Cousin, Agnes, Dameury, J. C., D'Anna, W., Daydou, Y., Debus, A., Deflores, Lauren, Dehouck, E., Delapp, Dorothea, De Los Santos, G., Donny, Christophe, Doressoundiram, A., Dromart, Gilles, Dubois, Bruno, Dufour, A., Dupieux, M., Egan, Miles, Ervin, Joan, Fabre, Cecile, Fau, Amaury, Fischer, Woodward, Forni, Olivie, Fouchet, Thierry, Frydenvang, Jens, Gauffre, S., Gauthier, M., Gharakanian, V., Gilard, O., Gontijo, Ivair, González, R., Granena, D., Grotzinger, John, Hassen Khodja, R., Heim, M., Hello, Y., Hervet, G., Humeau, O., Jacob, Xavier, Jacquinod, Sophie, Johnson, Jeffrey R., Kouach, D., Lacombe, G., Lanza, Nina, Lapauw, L., Laserna, Javier, Lasue, Jeremie, Le Deit, L., Le Comte, E., Lee, Q. M., Legett, Carey, Leveille, Richard, Lewin, Eric, Leyrat, C., López Reyes, Guillermo, Lorenz, Ralph, Lucero, Briana, Madariaga, J. M., Madsen, Soren, Madsen, Morten, Mangold, Nicolas, Manni, F., Mariscal, J. F., Martínez Frías, Jesús, Mathieu, K., Mathon, R., McCabe, Kevin P., McConnochie, Timothy H., McLennan, Scott M., Mekki, J., Melikechi, Noureddine, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Micheau, Y., Michel, Y., Michel, John M., Mimoun, David, Misra, Anupam, Montagnac, Gilles, Montaron, C., Montmessin, Franck, Moros, J., Mousset, Valerie, Morizet, Y., Murdoch, Naomi, Newell, Raymond T., Newsom, Horton, Tuong, N. N., Ollila, Ann M., Orttner, G., Oudda, L., Pares, Laurent, Parisot, J., Parot, Yann, Pérez, R., Pheav, D., Picot, L., Pilleri, Paolo, Pilorget, C., Pinet, Patrick, Pont, Gabriel, Poulet, Francois, Quantin-Nataf, C., Quertier, Benjamin, Rambaud, D., Rapin, William, Romano, Philip J., Roucayrol, L., Royer, Clement, Ruellan, M., Sandoval, Benigno, Sautter, Violaine, Schoppers, Marcel J., Schroder, S., Seran, H. C., Sharma, Shiv K., Sobrón, Pablo, Sodki, M., Sournac, A., Sridhar, Vishnu, Standarovsky, D., Storms, Steven, Striebig, N., Tatat, M., Toplis, Michael J., Torre Fernández, Imanol, Toulemont, N., Velasco, C., Veneranda, Marco, Venhaus, Dawn, Virmontois, C., Viso, M., Willis, Peter, Wong, K. W., Química analítica, Kimika analitikoa, Maurice, Sylvestre, Wiens, Roger C., Bernardi, Pernelle, Cais, Philippe, Robinson, Scott H., Nelson, T., Gasnault, Olivier, Reess, Jean-Michel, Deleuze, Muriel, Rull, Fernando, Manrique, José Antonio, Abbaki, S., Anderson, Ryan B., Andre, Yves, Angel, S. M., Arana Momoitio, Gorka, Battault, T., Beck, Pierre, Benzerara, Karim, Bernard, Sylvain, Berthias, J. P., Beyssac, Olivier, Bonafous, M., Bousquet, Bruno, Boutillier, M., Cadu, A., Castro Ortiz de Pinedo, Kepa, Chapron, F., Chide, Baptiste, Clark, Kevin, Clavé, E., Clegg, Sam, Cloutis, Edward, Collin, C., Cordoba, Elizabeth C., Cousin, Agnes, Dameury, J. C., D'Anna, W., Daydou, Y., Debus, A., Deflores, Lauren, Dehouck, E., Delapp, Dorothea, De Los Santos, G., Donny, Christophe, Doressoundiram, A., Dromart, Gilles, Dubois, Bruno, Dufour, A., Dupieux, M., Egan, Miles, Ervin, Joan, Fabre, Cecile, Fau, Amaury, Fischer, Woodward, Forni, Olivie, Fouchet, Thierry, Frydenvang, Jens, Gauffre, S., Gauthier, M., Gharakanian, V., Gilard, O., Gontijo, Ivair, González, R., Granena, D., Grotzinger, John, Hassen Khodja, R., Heim, M., Hello, Y., Hervet, G., Humeau, O., Jacob, Xavier, Jacquinod, Sophie, Johnson, Jeffrey R., Kouach, D., Lacombe, G., Lanza, Nina, Lapauw, L., Laserna, Javier, Lasue, Jeremie, Le Deit, L., Le Comte, E., Lee, Q. M., Legett, Carey, Leveille, Richard, Lewin, Eric, Leyrat, C., López Reyes, Guillermo, Lorenz, Ralph, Lucero, Briana, Madariaga, J. M., Madsen, Soren, Madsen, Morten, Mangold, Nicolas, Manni, F., Mariscal, J. F., Martínez Frías, Jesús, Mathieu, K., Mathon, R., McCabe, Kevin P., McConnochie, Timothy H., McLennan, Scott M., Mekki, J., Melikechi, Noureddine, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Micheau, Y., Michel, Y., Michel, John M., Mimoun, David, Misra, Anupam, Montagnac, Gilles, Montaron, C., Montmessin, Franck, Moros, J., Mousset, Valerie, Morizet, Y., Murdoch, Naomi, Newell, Raymond T., Newsom, Horton, Tuong, N. N., Ollila, Ann M., Orttner, G., Oudda, L., Pares, Laurent, Parisot, J., Parot, Yann, Pérez, R., Pheav, D., Picot, L., Pilleri, Paolo, Pilorget, C., Pinet, Patrick, Pont, Gabriel, Poulet, Francois, Quantin-Nataf, C., Quertier, Benjamin, Rambaud, D., Rapin, William, Romano, Philip J., Roucayrol, L., Royer, Clement, Ruellan, M., Sandoval, Benigno, Sautter, Violaine, Schoppers, Marcel J., Schroder, S., Seran, H. C., Sharma, Shiv K., Sobrón, Pablo, Sodki, M., Sournac, A., Sridhar, Vishnu, Standarovsky, D., Storms, Steven, Striebig, N., Tatat, M., Toplis, Michael J., Torre Fernández, Imanol, Toulemont, N., Velasco, C., Veneranda, Marco, Venhaus, Dawn, Virmontois, C., Viso, M., Willis, Peter, and Wong, K. W.

Abstract

On the NASA 2020 rover mission to Jezero crater, the remote determination of the texture, mineralogy and chemistry of rocks is essential to quickly and thoroughly characterize an area and to optimize the selection of samples for return to Earth. As part of the Perseverance payload, SuperCam is a suite of five techniques that provide critical and complementary observations via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (VISIR), high-resolution color imaging (RMI), and acoustic recording (MIC). SuperCam operates at remote distances, primarily 2-7 m, while providing data at sub-mm to mm scales. We report on SuperCam's science objectives in the context of the Mars 2020 mission goals and ways the different techniques can address these questions. The instrument is made up of three separate subsystems: the Mast Unit is designed and built in France; the Body Unit is provided by the United States; the calibration target holder is contributed by Spain, and the targets themselves by the entire science team. This publication focuses on the design, development, and tests of the Mast Unit; companion papers describe the other units. The goal of this work is to provide an understanding of the technical choices made, the constraints that were imposed, and ultimately the validated performance of the flight model as it leaves Earth, and it will serve as the foundation for Mars operations and future processing of the data.

Published
2021

15. The SuperCam Instrument Suite on the Mars 2020 Rover:Science Objectives and Mast-Unit Description

Author

Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., Bernardi, P., Caïs, P., Robinson, S., Nelson, T., Gasnault, O., Reess, J. M., Deleuze, M., Rull, F., Manrique, J. A., Abbaki, S., Anderson, R. B., André, Y., Angel, S. M., Arana, G., Battault, T., Beck, P., Benzerara, K., Bernard, S., Berthias, J. P., Beyssac, O., Bonafous, M., Bousquet, B., Boutillier, M., Cadu, A., Castro, K., Chapron, F., Chide, B., Clark, K., Clavé, E., Clegg, S., Cloutis, E., Collin, C., Cordoba, E. C., Cousin, A., Dameury, J. C., D’Anna, W., Daydou, Y., Debus, A., Deflores, L., Dehouck, E., Delapp, D., De Los Santos, G., Donny, C., Doressoundiram, A., Dromart, G., Dubois, B., Dufour, A., Dupieux, M., Egan, M., Ervin, J., Fabre, C., Fau, A., Fischer, W., Forni, O., Fouchet, T., Frydenvang, J., Gauffre, S., Gauthier, M., Gharakanian, V., Gilard, O., Gontijo, I., Gonzalez, R., Granena, D., Grotzinger, J., Hassen-Khodja, R., Heim, M., Hello, Y., Hervet, G., Humeau, O., Jacob, X., Jacquinod, S., Johnson, J. R., Kouach, D., Lacombe, G., Lanza, N., Lapauw, L., Laserna, J., Lasue, J., Le Deit, L., Le Mouélic, S., Le Comte, E., Lee, Q. M., Legett, C., Leveille, R., Lewin, E., Leyrat, C., Lopez-Reyes, G., Lorenz, R., Lucero, B., Madariaga, J. M., Madsen, S., Madsen, M., Mangold, N., Manni, F., Mariscal, J. F., Martinez-Frias, J., Mathieu, K., Mathon, R., McCabe, K. P., McConnochie, T., McLennan, S. M., Mekki, J., Melikechi, N., Meslin, P.-Y., Micheau, Y., Michel, Y., Michel, J. M., Mimoun, D., Misra, A., Montagnac, G., Montaron, C., Montmessin, F., Moros, J., Mousset, V., Morizet, Y., Murdoch, N., Newell, R. T., Newsom, H., Nguyen Tuong, N., Ollila, A. M., Orttner, G., Oudda, L., Pares, L., Parisot, J., Parot, Y., Pérez, R., Pheav, D., Picot, L., Pilleri, P., Pilorget, C., Pinet, P., Pont, G., Poulet, F., Quantin-Nataf, C., Quertier, B., Rambaud, D., Rapin, W., Romano, P., Roucayrol, L., Royer, C., Ruellan, M., Sandoval, B. F., Sautter, V., Schoppers, M. J., Schröder, S., Seran, H. C., Sharma, S. K., Sobron, P., Sodki, M., Sournac, A., Sridhar, V., Standarovsky, D., Storms, S., Striebig, N., Tatat, M., Toplis, M., Torre-Fdez, I., Toulemont, N., Velasco, C., Veneranda, M., Venhaus, D., Virmontois, C., Viso, M., Willis, P., Wong, K. W., Maurice, S., Wiens, R. C., Bernardi, P., Caïs, P., Robinson, S., Nelson, T., Gasnault, O., Reess, J. M., Deleuze, M., Rull, F., Manrique, J. A., Abbaki, S., Anderson, R. B., André, Y., Angel, S. M., Arana, G., Battault, T., Beck, P., Benzerara, K., Bernard, S., Berthias, J. P., Beyssac, O., Bonafous, M., Bousquet, B., Boutillier, M., Cadu, A., Castro, K., Chapron, F., Chide, B., Clark, K., Clavé, E., Clegg, S., Cloutis, E., Collin, C., Cordoba, E. C., Cousin, A., Dameury, J. C., D’Anna, W., Daydou, Y., Debus, A., Deflores, L., Dehouck, E., Delapp, D., De Los Santos, G., Donny, C., Doressoundiram, A., Dromart, G., Dubois, B., Dufour, A., Dupieux, M., Egan, M., Ervin, J., Fabre, C., Fau, A., Fischer, W., Forni, O., Fouchet, T., Frydenvang, J., Gauffre, S., Gauthier, M., Gharakanian, V., Gilard, O., Gontijo, I., Gonzalez, R., Granena, D., Grotzinger, J., Hassen-Khodja, R., Heim, M., Hello, Y., Hervet, G., Humeau, O., Jacob, X., Jacquinod, S., Johnson, J. R., Kouach, D., Lacombe, G., Lanza, N., Lapauw, L., Laserna, J., Lasue, J., Le Deit, L., Le Mouélic, S., Le Comte, E., Lee, Q. M., Legett, C., Leveille, R., Lewin, E., Leyrat, C., Lopez-Reyes, G., Lorenz, R., Lucero, B., Madariaga, J. M., Madsen, S., Madsen, M., Mangold, N., Manni, F., Mariscal, J. F., Martinez-Frias, J., Mathieu, K., Mathon, R., McCabe, K. P., McConnochie, T., McLennan, S. M., Mekki, J., Melikechi, N., Meslin, P.-Y., Micheau, Y., Michel, Y., Michel, J. M., Mimoun, D., Misra, A., Montagnac, G., Montaron, C., Montmessin, F., Moros, J., Mousset, V., Morizet, Y., Murdoch, N., Newell, R. T., Newsom, H., Nguyen Tuong, N., Ollila, A. M., Orttner, G., Oudda, L., Pares, L., Parisot, J., Parot, Y., Pérez, R., Pheav, D., Picot, L., Pilleri, P., Pilorget, C., Pinet, P., Pont, G., Poulet, F., Quantin-Nataf, C., Quertier, B., Rambaud, D., Rapin, W., Romano, P., Roucayrol, L., Royer, C., Ruellan, M., Sandoval, B. F., Sautter, V., Schoppers, M. J., Schröder, S., Seran, H. C., Sharma, S. K., Sobron, P., Sodki, M., Sournac, A., Sridhar, V., Standarovsky, D., Storms, S., Striebig, N., Tatat, M., Toplis, M., Torre-Fdez, I., Toulemont, N., Velasco, C., Veneranda, M., Venhaus, D., Virmontois, C., Viso, M., Willis, P., and Wong, K. W.

Abstract

On the NASA 2020 rover mission to Jezero crater, the remote determination of the texture, mineralogy and chemistry of rocks is essential to quickly and thoroughly characterize an area and to optimize the selection of samples for return to Earth. As part of the Perseverance payload, SuperCam is a suite of five techniques that provide critical and complementary observations via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (VISIR), high-resolution color imaging (RMI), and acoustic recording (MIC). SuperCam operates at remote distances, primarily 2–7 m, while providing data at sub-mm to mm scales. We report on SuperCam’s science objectives in the context of the Mars 2020 mission goals and ways the different techniques can address these questions. The instrument is made up of three separate subsystems: the Mast Unit is designed and built in France; the Body Unit is provided by the United States; the calibration target holder is contributed by Spain, and the targets themselves by the entire science team. This publication focuses on the design, development, and tests of the Mast Unit; companion papers describe the other units. The goal of this work is to provide an understanding of the technical choices made, the constraints that were imposed, and ultimately the validated performance of the flight model as it leaves Earth, and it will serve as the foundation for Mars operations and future processing of the data.

Published
2021

16. Electron irradiation effects on A1-free laser diodes emitting at 852 nm

Author

Boutillier, M., Gauthier-Lafaye, O., Bonnefont, S., Lozes-Dupuy, F., Lombez, L., Lagarde, D., Marie, X., Vermersch, F.-J., Calligaro, M., Lecomte, M., Parillaud, O., Krakowski, M., and Gilard, O.

Subjects
Semiconductor lasers -- Analysis, Optoelectronic devices -- Usage, Optoelectronic device, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

852-nm emitting Al-free laser diodes and layers constituting the device are irradiated with 1-MeV electrons at fluences ranging from [10.sup.14] up to [10.sup.16] e-/[cm.sup.2]. Layers corresponding to the laser diodes materials were characterised using photoluminescence and time resolved photoluminescence. Laser diodes L-I-V characteristics were measured in pulsed and continuous regime. Index Terms--Electron radiation effects, optoelectronic devices, semiconductor lasers.

Published
2007

17. Annealing of proton-induced random telegraph signal in CCDs

Author

Nuns, T., Quadri, G., David, J.-P., and Gilard, O.

Subjects
Annealing -- Analysis, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

A silicon CCD imager has been irradiated with 10 MeV protons and measurements focused on Random Telegraph Signal (RTS). A variance detection method is applied for quantifying the number of RTS after irradiation and through isochronal annealing. The observed behavior is analyzed and corresponds to the annealing of phosphorus-vacancies. Index Terms--Annealing, CCD, irradiation, proton.

Published
2007

19. Measurements of random telegraph signal in CCDs irradiated with protons and neutrons

Author

Nuns, T., Quadri, G., David, J.-P., Gilard, O., and Boudou, N.

Subjects
Charge coupled devices -- Analysis, Protons -- Observations, Neutrons -- Observations, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

CCD imagers have been irradiated with 10 to 100 MeV protons, 45 MeV neutrons and measurements focussed on random telegraph signal (RTS) characterization. The objective is to propose a method for RTS detection and to analyze pixel behavior with temperature, particle species and energy.

Published
2006

23. Theoretical study of Auger effect in 1.5 micrometer quantum-well lasers

Author

Gilard, O., Lozes-Dupuy, F., Vassilieff, G., Barrau, J., and Le Jeune, P.

Subjects
Quantum wells -- Analysis, Semiconductor lasers -- Analysis, Auger effect -- Analysis, Physics
Abstract

A new technique for computing the Auger recombination rate in quantum wells is shown. The Auger recombination is represented by an equation which considers a realistic valence band structure, the Fermi-Dirac statistics and the analytic expressions of the transition matrix element for both bound-bound and bound-unbound recombination procedures are derived. The bound-unbound recombination mechanism was determined to be a substantial contributor to the Auger total current density.

Published
1998

29. Radiation resistance of GaAs–GaAlAs vertical cavity surface emitting lasers.

Author

Jabbour, J., Zazoui, M., Sun, G. C., Bourgoin, J. C., and Gilard, O.

Subjects
IRRADIATION, PARTICLES (Nuclear physics), ELECTRONS, CATHODE rays, QUANTUM wells, ENERGY dissipation, LASERS
Abstract

The variations of the optical and electrical characteristics of a vertical cavity surface emitting laser based on GaAs quantum wells have been monitored versus irradiation with 1 MeV electrons. The results are understood by the introduction of nonradiative recombination centers in the wells whose characteristics, capture cross section for minority carriers times their introduction rate, can be determined. A similar study performed for proton irradiation shows that the results can be explained in the same way when the introduction rate of the defects is replaced by the proton energy loss into atomic collisions. These results allow us to deduce the equivalence between electron and proton irradiations: A flux of 1 proton cm-2 which loses an energy Enℓ (eV) into atomic collisions is equivalent to a fluence of about 9×10-2 Enℓ cm-2, 1 MeV electrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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30. Proton damage effects on GaAs/GaAlAs vertical cavity surface emitting lasers.

Author

Le Metayer, P., Gilard, O., Germanicus, R., Campillo, D., Ledu, F., Cazes, J., Falo, W., and Chatry, C.

Subjects
*IRRADIATION, *INDUSTRIAL lasers, *ENERGY dissipation, *OPTOELECTRONIC devices
Abstract

A series of proton irradiations of GaAs/GaAlAs vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) has been carried out for the purpose of assessing the suitability of these devices for space applications. The irradiations were performed on biased and unbiased devices at energies of 30, 40, 50, and 60 MeV. Both current versus voltage (I–V) and optical power versus current (P–I) characteristics were measured before and after each irradiation phase. A simple circuit equivalent model for the VCSEL has been developed to analyze proton damage effects through the extraction of electrical parameters. The current threshold of VCSEL is shown to be the only important parameter modified by a high fluence (up to 10[sup 12] protons/cm[sup 2]) irradiation. Changes in the threshold current show radiation generated recombination centers to be the main cause of degradation. Due to carrier injection annealing related effects, we observed that unbiased devices show the greatest relative threshold increase (between 15% and 20% at 10[sup 13] protons/cm[sup 2]). The threshold current damage factor was also calculated. The analysis of the I–V characteristics shows that in the range of low fluences (10[sup 10]–10[sup 12] protons/cm[sup 2]) radiation induced ordering effects may compete with the usual radiation degradation that we observed at higher fluences. Consequently, the nonionizing energy loss approach, which is extensively used to predict the degradation of electronic devices under a full spectrum of energetic particles, is deemed to be not yet applicable for prediction of end-of-life performances of VCSELs. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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31. Analysis of multijunction solar cell degradation in space and irradiation induced recombination centers.

Author

Zazoui, M., Mbarki, M., Aldin, A. Zin, Bourgoin, J. C., Gilard, O., and Strobl, G.

Subjects
SOLAR cells, IRRADIATION
Abstract

We demonstrate how, using electroluminescence, the parameters characterizing the recombination center induced by irradiation in a solar cell can be measured. Because electroluminescence is able to provide information on an individual cell in a multijunction (MJ) cell device, independently of the others, we apply this technique to measure these parameters in InGaP/GaAs/Ge MJ cells. We then calculate the variations of the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of such cells versus fluence. The results are compared with experimental data obtained for 1 MeV electron irradiations. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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32. Theoretical study of radiation effects on GaAs/AlGaAs and InGaAsP/InP quantum-well lasers.

Author

Gilard, O.

Subjects
*RADIATION, *QUANTUM wells, *GALLIUM arsenide, *INDIUM phosphide
Abstract

Radiation hardness assurance of light emitters such as laser diodes is a primary concern before using such devices in space. In this article, both gallium arsenide (GaAs) and indium phosphide (InP) based laser diodes are theoretically analyzed from a radiation hardness point of view. It has been found that InP based lasers are less sensitive to radiation than GaAs lasers. We will also demonstrate that threshold carrier density is the key parameter to consider when assessing the radiation sensitivity of laser diodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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36. The NIMPH Project

Author

Arnaud Fernandez, Amadou Gadio, Destic, F., Julien Sommer, Rissons, A., Christophe Viallon, Nicolas Nolhier, Olivier Llopis, Éric Tournier, Jean-Guy Tartarin, Lizy-Destrez, S., Jean-François CHAIX, Gilard, O., Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Équipe Microondes et Opto-microondes pour Systèmes de Télécommunications (LAAS-MOST), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), CNES, Thales Alenia Space, Idex Université de Toulouse, von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics, University of Liege, Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole)

Subjects
radiation, education, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], microwave photonics, fiber amplifier, nanosatellite, radiation, cubesat,microwave photonics, fiber amplifier, Nanosatellite, optical link, cubesat, fiber optics
Abstract

International audience; The next generation of telecommunication satellites operating in the Ku and Ka bands consider radio over optical fibre (RoF) technologies as a good candidate for the future flexible payloads. During the last 10 years CNES has supported the evaluation of optical components for spatial requirements. At present, experimental feedback in real environment would accelerate the introduction of RoF technologies for spatial needs. It is in this context that Thales Alenia Space and CNES offered the opportunity to the students of Toulouse University to realize a nanosatellite dedicated to the orbital test of a RoF transmission. This 2 years old ongoing project is entitled: Nanosatellite to Investigate Microwave Photonics (NIMPH).

Published
2015

37. Proton damage effects on GaAs/GaAlAs vertical cavity surface emitting lasers

Author

Metayer, P. Le, Gilard, O., Germanicus, R., Falo, W., Campillo, D., Cazes, J., Ledu, F., and Chatry, C.

Subjects
Irradiation -- Research, Gallium arsenide -- Optical properties, Physics
Abstract

Proton irradiations of GaAs/GaAlAs vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELS) were carried out to assess their suitability for space applications. The nonionizing energy loss approach is not found to be applicable for prediction of end-of-life performances of VCSELS.

Published
2003

38. Analysis of multijunction solar cell degradation in space and eradiation induced recombination centers

Author

Zazoui, .M, Gilard, .O, Mbarki, .M, Aldin, A.Zin, and Bourgoin, J.C

Subjects
Electroluminescence -- Usage, Irradiation -- Research, Solar batteries -- Research, Solar batteries -- Electric properties, Solar cells -- Research, Solar cells -- Electric properties, Physics
Abstract

The parameters characterizing the recombination center induced by irradiation in a solar cell can be measured using electroluminescence. The data derived are only orders of magnitude because the accuracy of two parameters fitting the electroluminescence data is not very good, the parameter A is not correctly known and also the formula is derived with approximations.

Published
2003

49. Performance of the COROT CCD for high-accuracy photometry

Author

Bernardi, Pernelle, Lapeyrere, Vincent, Buey, Jean-Tristan, Parisot, Jérôme, Schmidt, Régis, Le Ruyet, Bertrand, Tiphene, Didier, Gilard, O., Rolland, G., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Astronomie du LESIA, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Ingénieurs, Techniciens et Administratifs

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2003

50. Radiation Environment Effects on an Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier

Author

Caussanel, M., Gilard, O., Sotom, M., Signoret, P., Touboul, Antoine, Gasiot, J., Centre d'Electronique et de Micro-optoélectronique de Montpellier (CEM2), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Thales Alenia Space (TAS), and THALES

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics
Abstract

International audience

Published
2003

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