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4. Contents

Author

Gill, Michael

Published
2023

5. Preface

Author

Gill, Michael

Published
2023

7. Notes

Author

Gill, Michael

Published
2023

9. Index

Author

Gill, Michael

Published
2023

15. Conclusion

Author

Gill, Michael B.

Published
2022

17. Notes

Author

Gill, Michael B.

Published
2022

18. Index

Author

Gill, Michael B.

Published
2022

26. Canonical labelling of Latin squares in average-case polynomial time

Author

Gill, Michael J., Mammoliti, Adam, and Wanless, Ian M.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05B15
Abstract

A Latin square of order $n$ is an $n\times n$ matrix in which each row and column contains each of $n$ symbols exactly once. For $\epsilon>0$, we show that with high probability a uniformly random Latin square of order $n$ has no proper subsquare of order larger than $n^{1/2}\log^{1/2+\epsilon}n$. Using this fact we present a canonical labelling algorithm for Latin squares of order $n$ that runs in average time bounded by a polynomial in $n$. The algorithm can be used to solve isomorphism problems for many combinatorial objects that can be encoded using Latin squares, including quasigroups, Steiner triple systems, Mendelsohn triple systems, $1$-factorisations, nets, affine planes and projective planes., Comment: New reference added, minor typos fixed

Published
2024

29. A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action

Author

Gonzalez, Andrew, Vihervaara, Petteri, Balvanera, Patricia, Bates, Amanda E., Bayraktarov, Elisa, Bellingham, Peter J., Bruder, Andreas, Campbell, Jillian, Catchen, Michael D., Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Chase, Jonathan, Coops, Nicholas, Costello, Mark J., Czúcz, Bálint, Delavaud, Aurélie, Dornelas, Maria, Dubois, Grégoire, Duffy, Emmett J., Eggermont, Hilde, Fernandez, Miguel, Fernandez, Nestor, Ferrier, Simon, Geller, Gary N., Gill, Michael, Gravel, Dominique, Guerra, Carlos A., Guralnick, Robert, Harfoot, Michael, Hirsch, Tim, Hoban, Sean, Hughes, Alice C., Hugo, Wim, Hunter, Margaret E., Isbell, Forest, Jetz, Walter, Juergens, Norbert, Kissling, W. Daniel, Krug, Cornelia B., Kullberg, Peter, Le Bras, Yvan, Leung, Brian, Londoño-Murcia, Maria Cecilia, Lord, Jean-Michel, Loreau, Michel, Luers, Amy, Ma, Keping, MacDonald, Anna J., Maes, Joachim, McGeoch, Melodie, Mihoub, Jean Baptiste, Millette, Katie L., Molnar, Zsolt, Montes, Enrique, Mori, Akira S., Muller-Karger, Frank E., Muraoka, Hiroyuki, Nakaoka, Masahiro, Navarro, Laetitia, Newbold, Tim, Niamir, Aidin, Obura, David, O’Connor, Mary, Paganini, Marc, Pelletier, Dominique, Pereira, Henrique, Poisot, Timothée, Pollock, Laura J., Purvis, Andy, Radulovici, Adriana, Rocchini, Duccio, Roeoesli, Claudia, Schaepman, Michael, Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela, Schmeller, Dirk S., Schmiedel, Ute, Schneider, Fabian D., Shakya, Mangal Man, Skidmore, Andrew, Skowno, Andrew L., Takeuchi, Yayioi, Tuanmu, Mao-Ning, Turak, Eren, Turner, Woody, Urban, Mark C., Urbina-Cardona, Nicolás, Valbuena, Ruben, Van de Putte, Anton, van Havre, Basile, Wingate, Vladimir Ruslan, Wright, Elaine, and Torrelio, Carlos Zambrana

Published
2023
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42. Pairs of MOLS of order ten satisfying non-trivial relations

Author

Gill, Michael J. and Wanless, Ian M.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05B15
Abstract

A relation on a $k$-net$(n)$ (or, equivalently, a set of $k-2$ mutually orthogonal Latin squares of order $n$) is an $\mathbb{F}_{2}$ linear dependence within the incidence matrix of the net. Dukes and Howard (2014) showed that any 6-net(10) satisfies at least two non-trivial relations, and classified the relations that could appear in such a net. We find that, up to equivalence, there are $18\,526\,320$ pairs of MOLS satisfying at least one non-trivial relation. None of these pairs extend to a triple. We also rule out one other relation on a set of $3$-MOLS from Dukes and Howard's classification.

Published
2022
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43. The Impact of Program Structure and Goal Setting on Mentors' Perceptions of Peer Mentorship in Academia

Author

Haqqee, Zeeshan, Goff, Lori, Knorr, Kris, and Gill, Michael B.

Abstract

Many peer mentorship programs in academia train senior students to guide groups of incoming students through the rigors of postsecondary education. The mentorship program's structure can influence how mentors develop from this experience. Here, we compare how two different peer mentorship programs have shaped mentors' experiences and development. The curricular peer mentorship program was offered to mentors and mentees as credited academic courses. The non-curricular program was offered as a voluntary student union service to students and peer mentors. Both groups of peer mentors shared similar benefits, with curricular peer mentors (CMs) greatly valuing student interaction, and non-curricular peer mentors (NCMs) greatly valuing leadership development. Lack of autonomy and lack of mentee commitment were cited as the biggest concerns for CMs and NCMs, respectively. Both groups valued goal setting in shaping their mentorship development, but CMs raised concerns about its overemphasis. Implications for optimal structuring of academic mentorship programs are discussed.

Published
2020

44. A meta‐analysis of deep brain structural shape and asymmetry abnormalities in 2,833 individuals with schizophrenia compared with 3,929 healthy volunteers via the ENIGMA Consortium

Author

Gutman, Boris A, Erp, Theo GM, Alpert, Kathryn, Ching, Christopher RK, Isaev, Dmitry, Ragothaman, Anjani, Jahanshad, Neda, Saremi, Arvin, Zavaliangos‐Petropulu, Artemis, Glahn, David C, Shen, Li, Cong, Shan, Alnæs, Dag, Andreassen, Ole Andreas, Doan, Nhat Trung, Westlye, Lars T, Kochunov, Peter, Satterthwaite, Theodore D, Wolf, Daniel H, Huang, Alexander J, Kessler, Charles, Weideman, Andrea, Nguyen, Dana, Mueller, Bryon A, Faziola, Lawrence, Potkin, Steven G, Preda, Adrian, Mathalon, Daniel H, Bustillo, Juan, Calhoun, Vince, Ford, Judith M, Walton, Esther, Ehrlich, Stefan, Ducci, Giuseppe, Banaj, Nerisa, Piras, Fabrizio, Piras, Federica, Spalletta, Gianfranco, Canales‐Rodríguez, Erick J, Fuentes‐Claramonte, Paola, Pomarol‐Clotet, Edith, Radua, Joaquim, Salvador, Raymond, Sarró, Salvador, Dickie, Erin W, Voineskos, Aristotle, Tordesillas‐Gutiérrez, Diana, Crespo‐Facorro, Benedicto, Setién‐Suero, Esther, Son, Jacqueline Mayoral, Borgwardt, Stefan, Schönborn‐Harrisberger, Fabienne, Morris, Derek, Donohoe, Gary, Holleran, Laurena, Cannon, Dara, McDonald, Colm, Corvin, Aiden, Gill, Michael, Filho, Geraldo Busatto, Rosa, Pedro GP, Serpa, Mauricio H, Zanetti, Marcus V, Lebedeva, Irina, Kaleda, Vasily, Tomyshev, Alexander, Crow, Tim, James, Anthony, Cervenka, Simon, Sellgren, Carl M, Fatouros‐Bergman, Helena, Agartz, Ingrid, Howells, Fleur, Stein, Dan J, Temmingh, Henk, Uhlmann, Anne, Zubicaray, Greig I, McMahon, Katie L, Wright, Margie, Cobia, Derin, Csernansky, John G, Thompson, Paul M, Turner, Jessica A, and Wang, Lei

Subjects
Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Neurosciences, Schizophrenia, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Amygdala, Corpus Striatum, Hippocampus, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Neuroimaging, Thalamus, schizophrenia, structure, subcortical shape, Cognitive Sciences, Experimental Psychology
Abstract

Schizophrenia is associated with widespread alterations in subcortical brain structure. While analytic methods have enabled more detailed morphometric characterization, findings are often equivocal. In this meta-analysis, we employed the harmonized ENIGMA shape analysis protocols to collaboratively investigate subcortical brain structure shape differences between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy control participants. The study analyzed data from 2,833 individuals with schizophrenia and 3,929 healthy control participants contributed by 21 worldwide research groups participating in the ENIGMA Schizophrenia Working Group. Harmonized shape analysis protocols were applied to each site's data independently for bilateral hippocampus, amygdala, caudate, accumbens, putamen, pallidum, and thalamus obtained from T1-weighted structural MRI scans. Mass univariate meta-analyses revealed more-concave-than-convex shape differences in the hippocampus, amygdala, accumbens, and thalamus in individuals with schizophrenia compared with control participants, more-convex-than-concave shape differences in the putamen and pallidum, and both concave and convex shape differences in the caudate. Patterns of exaggerated asymmetry were observed across the hippocampus, amygdala, and thalamus in individuals with schizophrenia compared to control participants, while diminished asymmetry encompassed ventral striatum and ventral and dorsal thalamus. Our analyses also revealed that higher chlorpromazine dose equivalents and increased positive symptom levels were associated with patterns of contiguous convex shape differences across multiple subcortical structures. Findings from our shape meta-analysis suggest that common neurobiological mechanisms may contribute to gray matter reduction across multiple subcortical regions, thus enhancing our understanding of the nature of network disorganization in schizophrenia.

Published
2022

45. Characterisation of age and polarity at onset in bipolar disorder.

Author

Kalman, Janos L, Olde Loohuis, Loes M, Vreeker, Annabel, McQuillin, Andrew, Stahl, Eli A, Ruderfer, Douglas, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, Maria, Panagiotaropoulou, Georgia, Ripke, Stephan, Bigdeli, Tim B, Stein, Frederike, Meller, Tina, Meinert, Susanne, Pelin, Helena, Streit, Fabian, Papiol, Sergi, Adams, Mark J, Adolfsson, Rolf, Adorjan, Kristina, Agartz, Ingrid, Aminoff, Sofie R, Anderson-Schmidt, Heike, Andreassen, Ole A, Ardau, Raffaella, Aubry, Jean-Michel, Balaban, Ceylan, Bass, Nicholas, Baune, Bernhard T, Bellivier, Frank, Benabarre, Antoni, Bengesser, Susanne, Berrettini, Wade H, Boks, Marco P, Bromet, Evelyn J, Brosch, Katharina, Budde, Monika, Byerley, William, Cervantes, Pablo, Chillotti, Catina, Cichon, Sven, Clark, Scott R, Comes, Ashley L, Corvin, Aiden, Coryell, William, Craddock, Nick, Craig, David W, Croarkin, Paul E, Cruceanu, Cristiana, Czerski, Piotr M, Dalkner, Nina, Dannlowski, Udo, Degenhardt, Franziska, Del Zompo, Maria, DePaulo, J Raymond, Djurovic, Srdjan, Edenberg, Howard J, Eissa, Mariam Al, Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn, Etain, Bruno, Fanous, Ayman H, Fellendorf, Frederike, Fiorentino, Alessia, Forstner, Andreas J, Frye, Mark A, Fullerton, Janice M, Gade, Katrin, Garnham, Julie, Gershon, Elliot, Gill, Michael, Goes, Fernando S, Gordon-Smith, Katherine, Grof, Paul, Guzman-Parra, Jose, Hahn, Tim, Hasler, Roland, Heilbronner, Maria, Heilbronner, Urs, Jamain, Stephane, Jimenez, Esther, Jones, Ian, Jones, Lisa, Jonsson, Lina, Kahn, Rene S, Kelsoe, John R, Kennedy, James L, Kircher, Tilo, Kirov, George, Kittel-Schneider, Sarah, Klöhn-Saghatolislam, Farah, Knowles, James A, Kranz, Thorsten M, Lagerberg, Trine Vik, Landen, Mikael, Lawson, William B, Leboyer, Marion, Li, Qingqin S, Maj, Mario, Malaspina, Dolores, Manchia, Mirko, and Mayoral, Fermin

Subjects
Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) Bipolar Disorder Working Group, International Consortium on Lithium Genetics, Colombia-US Cross Disorder Collaboration in Psychiatric Genetics, Humans, Bipolar Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Age of Onset, Multifactorial Inheritance, Genome-Wide Association Study, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Bipolar disorder, GWAS, age at onset, polarity at onset, polygenic score, Genetics, Mental Health, Prevention, Brain Disorders, Serious Mental Illness, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry
Abstract

BackgroundStudying phenotypic and genetic characteristics of age at onset (AAO) and polarity at onset (PAO) in bipolar disorder can provide new insights into disease pathology and facilitate the development of screening tools.AimsTo examine the genetic architecture of AAO and PAO and their association with bipolar disorder disease characteristics.MethodGenome-wide association studies (GWASs) and polygenic score (PGS) analyses of AAO (n = 12 977) and PAO (n = 6773) were conducted in patients with bipolar disorder from 34 cohorts and a replication sample (n = 2237). The association of onset with disease characteristics was investigated in two of these cohorts.ResultsEarlier AAO was associated with a higher probability of psychotic symptoms, suicidality, lower educational attainment, not living together and fewer episodes. Depressive onset correlated with suicidality and manic onset correlated with delusions and manic episodes. Systematic differences in AAO between cohorts and continents of origin were observed. This was also reflected in single-nucleotide variant-based heritability estimates, with higher heritabilities for stricter onset definitions. Increased PGS for autism spectrum disorder (β = -0.34 years, s.e. = 0.08), major depression (β = -0.34 years, s.e. = 0.08), schizophrenia (β = -0.39 years, s.e. = 0.08), and educational attainment (β = -0.31 years, s.e. = 0.08) were associated with an earlier AAO. The AAO GWAS identified one significant locus, but this finding did not replicate. Neither GWAS nor PGS analyses yielded significant associations with PAO.ConclusionsAAO and PAO are associated with indicators of bipolar disorder severity. Individuals with an earlier onset show an increased polygenic liability for a broad spectrum of psychiatric traits. Systematic differences in AAO across cohorts, continents and phenotype definitions introduce significant heterogeneity, affecting analyses.

Published
2021

46. When Is Self-perceived Burden an Acceptable Reason to Hasten Death?

Author

Gill, Michael B., Cooley, Dennis R., Series Editor, Weisstub, David N., Founding Editor, Kimbrough Kushner, Thomasine, Founding Editor, Carney, Terry, Editorial Board Member, Düwell, Marcus, Editorial Board Member, Holm, Søren, Editorial Board Member, Kimsma, Gerrit, Editorial Board Member, Sulmasy, Daniel P., Editorial Board Member, Hodge, David Augustin, Editorial Board Member, Jones, Nora L., Editorial Board Member, Cholbi, Michael, editor, and Varelius, Jukka, editor

Published
2023
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47. Tau activation of microglial cGAS–IFN reduces MEF2C-mediated cognitive resilience

Author

Udeochu, Joe C., Amin, Sadaf, Huang, Yige, Fan, Li, Torres, Eileen Ruth S., Carling, Gillian K., Liu, Bangyan, McGurran, Hugo, Coronas-Samano, Guillermo, Kauwe, Grant, Mousa, Gergey Alzaem, Wong, Man Ying, Ye, Pearly, Nagiri, Ravi Kumar, Lo, Iris, Holtzman, Julia, Corona, Carlo, Yarahmady, Allan, Gill, Michael T., Raju, Ravikiran M., Mok, Sue-Ann, Gong, Shiaoching, Luo, Wenjie, Zhao, Mingrui, Tracy, Tara E., Ratan, Rajiv R., Tsai, Li-Huei, Sinha, Subhash C., and Gan, Li

Published
2023
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48. Genetic diversity goals and targets have improved, but remain insufficient for clear implementation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework

Author

Hoban, Sean, Bruford, Michael W., da Silva, Jessica M., Funk, W. Chris, Frankham, Richard, Gill, Michael J., Grueber, Catherine E., Heuertz, Myriam, Hunter, Margaret E., Kershaw, Francine, Lacy, Robert C., Lees, Caroline, Lopes-Fernandes, Margarida, MacDonald, Anna J., Mastretta-Yanes, Alicia, McGowan, Philip J. K., Meek, Mariah H., Mergeay, Joachim, Millette, Katie L., Mittan-Moreau, Cinnamon S., Navarro, Laetitia M., O’Brien, David, Ogden, Rob, Segelbacher, Gernot, Paz-Vinas, Ivan, Vernesi, Cristiano, and Laikre, Linda

Published
2023
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50. Identifying nootropic drug targets via large-scale cognitive GWAS and transcriptomics.

Author

Lam, Max, Chen, Chia-Yen, Ge, Tian, Xia, Yan, Hill, David W, Trampush, Joey W, Yu, Jin, Knowles, Emma, Davies, Gail, Stahl, Eli A, Huckins, Laura, Liewald, David C, Djurovic, Srdjan, Melle, Ingrid, Christoforou, Andrea, Reinvang, Ivar, DeRosse, Pamela, Lundervold, Astri J, Steen, Vidar M, Espeseth, Thomas, Räikkönen, Katri, Widen, Elisabeth, Palotie, Aarno, Eriksson, Johan G, Giegling, Ina, Konte, Bettina, Hartmann, Annette M, Roussos, Panos, Giakoumaki, Stella, Burdick, Katherine E, Payton, Antony, Ollier, William, Chiba-Falek, Ornit, Koltai, Deborah C, Need, Anna C, Cirulli, Elizabeth T, Voineskos, Aristotle N, Stefanis, Nikos C, Avramopoulos, Dimitrios, Hatzimanolis, Alex, Smyrnis, Nikolaos, Bilder, Robert M, Freimer, Nelson B, Cannon, Tyrone D, London, Edythe, Poldrack, Russell A, Sabb, Fred W, Congdon, Eliza, Conley, Emily Drabant, Scult, Matthew A, Dickinson, Dwight, Straub, Richard E, Donohoe, Gary, Morris, Derek, Corvin, Aiden, Gill, Michael, Hariri, Ahmad R, Weinberger, Daniel R, Pendleton, Neil, Bitsios, Panos, Rujescu, Dan, Lahti, Jari, Le Hellard, Stephanie, Keller, Matthew C, Andreassen, Ole A, Deary, Ian J, Glahn, David C, Huang, Hailiang, Liu, Chunyu, Malhotra, Anil K, and Lencz, Todd

Subjects
Humans, Nootropic Agents, Cognition, Schizophrenia, Genome-Wide Association Study, Transcriptome, Psychiatry, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Abstract

Broad-based cognitive deficits are an enduring and disabling symptom for many patients with severe mental illness, and these impairments are inadequately addressed by current medications. While novel drug targets for schizophrenia and depression have emerged from recent large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of these psychiatric disorders, GWAS of general cognitive ability can suggest potential targets for nootropic drug repurposing. Here, we (1) meta-analyze results from two recent cognitive GWAS to further enhance power for locus discovery; (2) employ several complementary transcriptomic methods to identify genes in these loci that are credibly associated with cognition; and (3) further annotate the resulting genes using multiple chemoinformatic databases to identify "druggable" targets. Using our meta-analytic data set (N = 373,617), we identified 241 independent cognition-associated loci (29 novel), and 76 genes were identified by 2 or more methods of gene identification. Actin and chromatin binding gene sets were identified as novel pathways that could be targeted via drug repurposing. Leveraging our transcriptomic and chemoinformatic databases, we identified 16 putative genes targeted by existing drugs potentially available for cognitive repurposing.

Published
2021

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