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Byś Aleksandra, Zieliński Grzegorz, Filipiak Zuzanna, Ginszt Michał. The influence of COMT gene functional polymorphism on formation of chronic pain. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(7):429-442. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3352331 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/7171 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.07.2019. Revised: 05.07.2019. Accepted: 26.07.2019. The influence of COMT gene functional polymorphism on formation of chronic pain Aleksandra Byś1; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5494-0311; bysaleksandra@gmail.com Grzegorz Zieliński1; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2849-0641; grzegorz.zielinski.um@gmail.com Zuzanna Filipiak2; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1713-3315; zuziafilipiak009@interia.pl Michał Ginszt1; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0800-6103; michal.ginszt@umlub.pl 1 Chair and Department of Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, and Balneotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Magnoliowa 2, 20-400 Lublin 2 Students' Scientific Group, Department of General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warszawa Abstract Introduction and purpose The prevalence of chronic pain is estimated at around 30% of the world's population. The risk of developing chronic pain depends, among others, on from genetic factors. Considering that chronic pain is a serious diagnostic and therapeutic problem, and if treated inadequately constitutes a serious threat to public health, focus should be on identifying the risk factors for its occurrence in order to establish an effective treatment. The aim of the work is to summarize the latest knowledge about the influence of functional polymorphism of the COMT gene on the formation of chronic pain. Material and methods The material for this literature review were publications on the subject of research from the last 5 years. Relevant articles have been identified by two authors using PubMed, Google Scholar and Researchgate publishing bases using key words: "gene COMT", "headache", "chronic pain", "chronic back pain", "fibromyalgia", "temporomandibular disorder", "postoperative pain" according to Medical Subject Headings. The review of articles consisted of 3 stages. Finally, 19 works were qualified for the review. Results Functional polymorphism of the COMT gene is one of the factors affecting the modulation of pain. Its single genetic variants will positively correlate with the occurrence of temporomandibular disorders and chronic lower back pain. Differences in genetic variants of the COMT gene will also affect the susceptibility to fibromyalgia and increase the severity of clinical symptoms. The COMT gene polymorphism does not seem to correlate with chronic headaches. Conclusions Research to determine the effect of COMT gene polymorphism can significantly affect the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pain. Keywords: COMT gene; chronic pain; genetics; functional polymorphism

Zieliński Grzegorz, Byś Aleksandra, Filipiak Zuzanna, Baszczowski Michał, Ginszt Michał, Suwała Marta, Szkutnik Jacek, Majcher Piotr. Comparison of resting masticatory muscle activity among women of different ages. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2018;8(12):79-86 eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1921782 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/6345 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/889784 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part b item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eissn 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2018; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.10.2018. Revised: 18.10.2018. Accepted: 04.12.2018. Comparison of resting masticatory muscle activity among women of different ages Grzegorz Zieliński1, Aleksandra Byś1, Zuzanna Filipiak2, MichałBaszczowski1, Michał Ginszt1, Marta Suwała1, Jacek Szkutnik3, PiotrMajcher1 1Chair and Department of Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy and Balneotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Poland 2Students' Scientific Group, Department of General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland 3Department of Functional Masticatory Disorders, Medical University of Lublin, Poland Corresponding author: Michał Ginszt Address: Magnoliowa 2 20-143 Lublin, Poland +48602533723 michal.ginszt@umlub.pl Acknowledgments The results of the present study do not constitute an endorsement of the product by the authors or the journal. Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. ABSTRACT Background: Surface electromyography is one of the test methods allowing to evaluate the bioelectric activity of muscles using the excitability of some tissues. One of the components of the electromyographic study is the recording of resting muscle activity, referred to as passive skeletal muscle tension. The main function of resting tension is to maintain posture with minimal energy costs. The aim of this study was to compare resting masticatory muscle activity between women of different ages. Materials and methods: 75 women were invited to the study, 27 women were admitted after applying the exclusion criteria (average age 22 years ± 2 years). Qualified women were divided into three groups depending on their age: 1st group - 20-year-olds, the 2nd group - twenty-two-year-olds and 3rd group - twenty-four-year-olds. The study involved an 8-channel BioEMG IIITM surface electromyography apparatus with BioPak Measurement System (BioResearch Associates, Inc. Milwaukee, WI, USA). The surface electrodes were distributed bilaterally to the muscle fibre direction of temporal and masseter muscles. The nonparametric U Mann-Whitney test was used for statistical calculations. Statistical significance was determined at 5%. Results: An increase in the resting activity of temporal muscle and a decrease in the resting activity of masseter muscles depending on age were observed. Differences in resting activity were not statistically significant p> 0.05. Conclusions: The results suggest that there are no significant relationships between age and masticatory muscle activity among healthy young women. However, due to the small research group, we recommend further research in this direction. Key words: sEMG, women, temporal muscle, masseter muscl &nbsp

掲載誌: Mika Saito, Michał Ginszt, Myosotis Massidda, Paweł Cięszczyk, Takanobu Okamoto, Piotr Majcher, Koichi Nakazato, Naoki Kikuchi (2021). Association between MCT1 T1470A polymorphism and climbing status in Polish and Japanese climbers, Biology of Sport, 38(2): 229–234.

Zieliński Grzegorz, Byś Aleksandra, Baszczowski Michał, Ginszt Michał, Suwała Marta, Majcher Piotr. The influence of sport climbing on depression and anxiety levels - literaturereview. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2018;8(7):336-344. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1318229 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/5674 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/871689 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part b item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eissn 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2018; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.06.2018. Revised: 18.06.2018. Accepted: 20.07.2018. The influence of sport climbing on depression and anxiety levels - literaturereview Grzegorz Zieliński, Aleksandra Byś, Michał Baszczowski, Michał Ginszt, Marta Suwała, Piotr Majcher Chair and Department of Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy and Balneotherapy, Medical University of Lublin Corresponding author: Michał Ginszt Address: Magnoliowa 2 20-143 Lublin, Poland +48602533723 michal.ginszt@umlub.pl Acknowledgments The results of the present study do not constitute an endorsement of the product by the authors or the journal. Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Key words: depression, climbing, anxiety ABSTRACT Introduction: Depression, as one of the most common psychological disorders, which is characterized by anxiety problems, lack of energy, feeling of worthlessness or self-esteem problems affects from 5 to 17% of the population. Despite the fact that it is such a vast problem, standard methods of treatment are usually unsatisfactory and relatively not universally accessible. For these reasons, it is crucial that some alternatives to traditional methods of depression treating, such as physical activity should be pursued. Methods and materials: The main study material of our research consisted of publications, which were found in PubMed, ResearchGate and Google Scholar databases. The first stage of the research was to find publications from the last 5 years and review the mentioned titles. The second stage was to conduct an overview of the abstracts as well as entire texts. Based on these criteria, four publications have been qualified for the study. Results: The overview of the literature indicates that despite the differences in methodology, size and age of the study groups, some comparable conclusions when it comes to the effectiveness of practicing climbing on the process of regulating emotions can be drawn. What is more, practicing climbing can benefit depression treatment by controlling the feeling of fear and anxiety, which may also occur during depression. Conclusions: The research suggests that sport climbing can positively influence the reduction of the depression and anxiety levels as well as maintain emotional stability. Further research should be carried out on the question of whether it is sport climbing as a particular sport that influences the reduction of depression and anxiety levels, or is any other form of physical activity equally influential when it comes the reduction of these disorders. &nbsp

Marczak Milena, Ginszt Michał. Five-factor model personality traits in sport climbers. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(9):178-183. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.890609 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4804 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2017; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.09.2017. Revised: 10.09.2017. Accepted: 13.09.2017. Five-factor model personality traits in sport climbers Milena Marczak1, Michał Ginszt2 1 General Psychology Department. Institute of Psychology, Maria Curie Sklodowska University of Lublin, Poland 2 Chair and Department of Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy and Balneotherapy, the Medical University of Lublin, Poland Corresponding author: Michał Ginszt Address: Magnoliowa 2 20-143 Lublin, Poland +48602533723 michal.ginszt@umlub.pl KEYWORDS: personality, Big Five Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI), sport climbing ABSTRACT Background: Success in sport climbing depends both on physiological and psychological factors. Personality, a psychological factor influencing daily functioning, is connected with sport activities such as the choice of discipline and the approach to workout. Personality also affects athletic performance, emotional balance during sport activity and gaining new sports experiences. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the personality traits in male and female sport climbers. Material and methods: We examined 60 sport climbers (30 men, 30 women) aged 23±1 years. The average time of climbing training was 6 years. The study used the Big Five Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI) in Polish adaptation. The questionnaire consists of 60 assertive statements, the truthfulness of which is assessed by the investigator on the five-point scale Neuroticism, Openness to experience, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Extraversion. Results: The results showed there were significant differences between the two groups on the Openes to experience and Agreeableness scales. There were no significant differences in Neuroticism, Conscientiousness and Extraversion scales. Conclusions: Male sport climbers were more liberal in views and experience, whereas female sport climbers were more competing. Sport climbers of both sexes had high levels of emotional balance and extroversion, and the average level of conscientiousness.

Zieliński Grzegorz, Ginszt Michał, Filipiak Zuzanna, Suwała Marta, Majcher Piotr. Vitamin D deficiency and tension-type headaches in children - literature review. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(3):455-464. eISNN 2391-8306. DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2604483 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/6725 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/908521 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part b item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eissn 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.03.2019. Revised: 15.03.2019. Accepted: 24.03.2019. Vitamin D deficiency and tension-type headaches in children - literature review Grzegorz Zieliński1,2, Michał Ginszt2, Zuzanna Filipiak3, Marta Suwała2, Piotr Majcher2 1Medical Students' Research Association, Medical University of Lublin, Poland 2Chair and Department of Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy and Balneotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Poland 3Students' Scientific Group, Department of General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw Summary Introduction Tension-type headache (TTH) is perceived as bilateral pressure, tension or non-pulsatile mild to moderate headache. The etiopathogenesis of the occurrence of this phenomenon among children has been extrapolated from adult studies. The purpose of this review was to show the association between tension-type headaches and vitamin D deficiency in children based on available literature. Materials and methods Systematic review based on the content of PubMed, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar databases was performed. In order to identify relevant publications, a search was performed using a combination of key words: "children", "tension-type headache", "vitamin D", "25 (OH) D". Three studies have been included in our review. Results Considering the value of the evidence and the results in peer-reviewed publications, we conclude that there is too little evidence to support the hypothesis that there is a connection between tension-type pains and vitamin D deficiency in children. Conclusions Due to the small amount of available literature, research on the effects of vitamin D deficiency on tension-type headaches in children should be continued on a larger scale. Based on the above analysis, we find that there is too little evidence to support the hypothesis that the level of vitamin D affects the development of tension-type headaches in children. Key words: children, tension headaches, vitamin D, 25 (OH) D.

Zieliński Grzegorz, Byś Aleksandra, Baszczowski Michał, Ginszt Michał, Suwała Marta, Szkutnik Jacek, Majcher Piotr. Influence of the quality of sleep on the masticatory muscle activity - a pilot study. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2018;8(8):322-328. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1310116 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/5648 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2018; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 25.06.2018. Revised: 28.06.2018. Accepted: 12.07.2018. Influence of the quality of sleep on the masticatory muscle activity - a pilot study Grzegorz Zieliński1, Aleksandra Byś1, Michał Baszczowski1, Michał Ginszt1, Marta Suwała1 Jacek Szkutnik2, Piotr Majcher1 1. Chair and Department of Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy and Balneotherapy, Medical University of Lublin 2. Department of Functional Masticatory Disorders, Medical University of Lublin Corresponding author: Michał Ginszt Address: Magnoliowa 2 20-143 Lublin, Poland +48602533723 michal.ginszt@umlub.pl Acknowledgments The results of the present study do not constitute an endorsement of the product by the authors or the journal. Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Key words: sEMG, sleep, anterior temporalis, masseter muscle ABSTRACT Introduction: Modern literature indicates an uptrend in the occurrence of sleep disorders. Currently, about 30-40% of adults are suffering from sleep disorders, which makes them one of the most common health problems of the population. The aim of the study: The determination of the quality of sleep on the muscle tension of the masticatory apparatus. Methods and materials: 27 adults volunteered to take part in the study. After the application of the exclusion criteria, 12 women (with an average age of 23 ± 1 year) have qualified. They were subsequently divided into two equal groups, in accordance with the guidelines of the Pittsburgh questionnaire: six women with a below 6 point result - high quality of sleep and six women with an over 6 point result (or higher) - low quality of sleep. Electromyographic activity of the anterior temporalis (TA) and masseter muscle (MM) was evaluated in resting mandibular position. Based on the electromyographic results, the values of the asymmetry indexes of the muscles of the masticatory apparatus muscles were calculated. The U Mann-Whitney test has been used for the statistical analysis, with the significance level of 0,05. Results: There were no significant differences in resting activity of the anterior temporalis, masseter muscles and the asymmetry index of the anterior temporalis between groups (p>0,05). There was the significant difference in the asymmetry index of masseter muscles between groups (p Conclusions: The quality of sleep has no significant influence on the resting activity of masticatory muscles. The influence of the quality of sleep on the asymmetry index should be the object of further research. In order to verify this conclusion, the research should be carried out on a larger group of people.&nbsp

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 04/2018; ISSN 1509-409X