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Questo contributo riflette sulla coesione sociale, indagando i processi che ne favoriscono lo sviluppo a scala locale tramite le dimensioni di engagement collettivo e responsabilità condivisa. Il quadro concettuale viene applicato a due Social Street con una metodologia qualitativa. I risultati evidenziano la contingenza di engagement collettivo e responsabilità condivisa, la genesi di episodi di coesione sociale e l'importanza di interfacce riflessive tra gli attori comunitari e istituzionali.

The world is changing rapidly. We face increasing and new social needs such as ageing populations; mass immigration; the rise of long-term, chronic health conditions such as diabetes; high rates of unemployment for young people; a mental health epidemic; increasing loneliness across the generations; homelessness; and, new trends in substance misuse. At the same time we have witnessed the rise of populism, nationalism and the erosion of public trust in government and public services. Economic shocks of recent years including the financial crisis that started in 2008 and the current COVID-19 crisis is making difficult decisions about the future of public services more immediate. If improvements in public wellbeing are to be achieved we need public services designed to deliver social outcomes more effectively for less resources and in more joined-up ways.However, the way that public institutions design and deliver these services also needs to change. Many models of innovation involve co-creation, which implies that people who use (or potentially use) public services work with providers to initiate, design, deliver and evaluate them. The goal of the Co-Creation of Public Service Innovation in Europe project (CoSIE) is to contribute to democratic renewal and social inclusion through cocreating innovative public services by more actively engaging diverse citizen groups and stakeholders in varied public services beyond traditional and less effective participation channels, such as consultative boards. This paper draws together key findings from CoSIE with a particular focus on what these imply for new policy and practice in public services in the form of a discussion paper aimed at European, national and regional policy-makers. The big ideas emerging from CoSIE can be grouped together as ideas associated with conceptualising co-creation, implementing cocreation and moving beyond piloting co-creation to extending co-creation across systems.

The paper illustrates an empirical research project concerning the co-creation process in Reggio Emilia’s public services and their efforts to reduce childhood obesity. The research is based on a participative evaluation research methodology. The project has been implemented within the framework of the CoSIE project, funded by the Horizon 2020 Research Program — Innovation Action. It has been led by the Local Health Unit (LHU) of Reggio Emilia, a mid-size town in north-eastern Italy, and Cup2000/Lepida, a public/private corporation delivering ICT for health service in the Emilia-Romagna Region. The empirical research has been conducted by the University of Bologna, using a mixed method multi-dimensional strategy and combining the Action-Research tradition with the approach of the Theory of Change. The theoretical framework reflects on the co-creation process, distinguishing between its different phases. In particular, it defines the co-production and the co-design phase, operationalising them with the concepts of System Integration and Social Integration. This linkage allows the analysis of the involvement of institutional stakeholders and final users in the co-creation process. Many factors including the actors’ identity, the participation modalities and the impact of each stakeholder on the service, contribute to the model of co-creation in “the shadow of institutions”, characterised by a low level of Social Integration and a high level of System Integration.

Gli stili di vita inattivi sono tra i principali determinanti di molteplici patologie causa di morte a livello mondiale: in particolare sedentarietà e sovrappeso della popolazione sono considerati da tempo dall’Oms elementi preoccupanti di una questione “pandemica”. Pur esistendo vari approcci di studio rispetto a tali problematiche, sono pochi i Paesi che ne affrontano realmente la complessità chiamando in causa strategie intersettoriali ad hoc e proposte integrate in grado di associare politiche educative, esigenze e aspettative sociali e culturali, pratiche di tempo libero, mobilità sostenibile e sana alimentazione allo scopo di modificare gli stili di vita degli abitanti delle città contemporanee. È questa invece la grande sfida che sostiene il tema della “Città attiva”, il cui obiettivo principale è il ripensamento della città, dello spazio pubblico e dei suoi usi, attraverso politiche urbane e sociali, finalizzate ad una maggiore condivisione da parte dei cittadini di stili di vita orientati a pratiche più sane e sostenibili. Il capitolo indaga le politiche di promozione della salute attraverso l’educazione a pratiche alimentari e motorie sviluppate nella città di Reggio Emilia. Nello specifico si andrà ad indagare il rapporto tra la città e il cibo in un’ottica di politica alimentare urbana seguendo l’approccio degli Urban Food planning, che considera il sistema del cibo come filiera di attività connesse alla produzione, trasformazione, distribuzione, consumo, includendo anche il ruolo delle istituzioni e le attività di regolamentazione ad essa correlata. In tal senso si riflette sulla possibilità di costruire un nuovo paradigma alimentare utile al contrasto di sovrappeso e/o obesità della popolazione infantile (focus specifico dell’indagine sul campo), potendo tratteggiare una geografia alternativa del cibo con evidenti ricadute sulle Urban Food Strategies dello specifico territorio.

Framed by the concept of Social Innovation, this work reflects on the role of commoning and a model of mutually shaped citizenship in developing forms of bottom-linked governance. The focus on urban commons, analysed through three dimensions (resource, community, practices of commoning), allows to examine both the internal governance aimed at (re)producing and managing the commons and the external governance existing between the community and other urban actors. It also underlines the necessity to go beyond actual conceptualisations of citizenship, always represented national vs urban, transnational vs national, or received vs achieved dichotomies. Using the qualitative methodology of semi-structured interviews, the analysis of Living Street in Ghent and Future Street in Antwerp underlines which conditions favour or hinder changes in urban governmental practices regarding the management of public spaces.

Recensione del volume Housing First. Una storia che cambia le storie, di D.K. Padgett, B.F. Henwood, S.J.Tsemberis, 2018. Milano, FrancoAngeli

Il contributo analizza il ruolo dell’Innovazione Sociale nel campo delle Scienze Sociali e Umane. Una prima analisi storica fornisce una panoramica delle sue funzioni nella modernità e nelle politiche della Commissione Europea. La varietà di approcci può essere riportata su un continuum ai cui estremi si trovano modelli economici pratico-sociali e modelli orientati a trasformazioni politico-sociali. Lo spostamento dei finanziamenti verso il primo polo risulta problematico. Così come problematica è la poca attenzione rivolta al ruolo della politica e dell’azione collettiva e alle criticità insite nella scalabilità delle pratiche di IS. Da qui la necessità di sviluppare un’epistemologia maggiormente radicata nella società, con maggiore attenzione alla storia, alla sinergia tra micro e macro-teorie e a metodologie inter e transdisciplinari. This Policy Paper examines the role of Social Innovation in Social Sciences and Humanities. It provides a historical overview of the various meanings of SI in modern times and in European Commission policies. This variety can be visualised on a continuum at the extremes of which figure models oriented to practical-social changes and models oriented to political-social transformation. The recent shift of EC research funding towards the practical pole is problematic. The role of the political, politics and collective action and scalability of SI initiatives and practices deserve significantly more research and policy attention, the paper argues. It makes epistemological suggestions on how to reequilibrate the balance between foci and approaches in European SI research.

ispartof: pages:256-262 ispartof: AMPS Proceedings Series 10. Cities, Communities Homes – Is the Urban Future Livable? pages:256-262 ispartof: Cities, Communities and Homes: Is the Urban Future Livable? location:Derby, UK status: Published online

Si tratta della recensione del volume di Giacomo Becattini, La coscienza dei luoghi, Il territorio come soggetto corale, Roma, Donzelli Editore, 2013. Nato come raccolta di saggi inediti e di testi pubblicati su riviste, il libro assume i luoghi come tessuto connettivo e matrice dei mondi di vita e della produzione. Lo scopo del contributo e, in particolare del dialogo finale con l'urbanista Magnaghi, è sottolineare la necessità di tornare alla corresponsabilità degli abitanti dei luoghi, facendo prevalere il principio territoriale su quello funzionale.

Social street: citizenship and civic engagement This work is focused on the concept of Social Innovation (SI), defining it as a practice of alter-native territorial development. In this sense, the SI stands out in particular for the importance that gives to the local dimension as a source of shared identities. Taking the Social Street Fondazza in Bologna as a case study, this paper aims to show how SI projects activate civic engagement practices, capable of shaping a participatory citizenship on the boundaries between the private and public spheres producing new interpretive schemes able to redefine the society at the local level.

Background Childhood obesity prevention is a public health priority in industrialized countries. The Reggio Emilia Local Health Authority has implemented a program involving primary and secondary prevention as well as the care of obese children. There are many health-promoting mobile apps, but few are targeted to children and very few are sponsored by public health agencies. Objective The goal of the research was to describe the process and tools adopted to cocreate a mobile app sponsored by the Reggio Emilia Local Health Authority to be installed in parents’ phones aimed at promoting child health and preventing obesity. Methods After stakeholder mapping, a consulting committee including relevant actors, stakeholders, and users was formed. Key persons for childhood obesity prevention were interviewed, focus groups with parents and pediatricians were conducted, and community reporting storytelling was collected. The results of these activities were presented to the consulting committee in order to define the functionalities and contents of the mobile app. Results Three key trends emerged from community reporting: being active, playing, and being outdoors; time for oneself, family, and friends; and the pressures of life and work and not having time to be active and socialize. In focus groups, interviews, and labs, mothers showed a positive attitude toward using an app to manage their children's weight, while pediatricians expressed concerns that the app could increase their workload. When these findings were explored by the consulting committee, four key themes were extracted: strong relationships with peers, family members, and the community; access to safe outdoor spaces; children’s need for age-appropriate independence; and professional support should be nonjudgmental and stigma-free. It should be a dialogue that promotes family autonomy. The app functions related to these needs include the following: (1) newsletter with anticipatory guidance, recipes, and vaccination and well-child visit reminders; (2) regional map indicating where physical activity can be done; (3) information on how to manage emergencies (eg, falls, burns, fever); (4) module for reinforcing the counseling intervention conducted by pediatricians for overweight children; and (5) a function to build a balanced daily diet. Conclusions The pilot study we conducted showed that cocreation in health promotion is feasible, with the consulting committee being the key co-governance and cocreation tool. The involvement of stakeholders in this committee made it possible to expand the number of persons and institutions actively contributing to the project.