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The paper analyses the topic to understand how the legal and judicial practices in two Amazonian municipalities (Apuí and Lábrea) respond to the dynamics of environmental crimes in the region. The research project is a based in a qualitative and quantitative methodology. This paper discusses the initial results from interviews gathered in the city of Manaus with a Judge from the Amazonas State, a Prosecutor from Public Ministry, a Federal Police Commissar, and a member of the Environmental Agency of Amazonas. Thus, it is possible to understand: a) the context of environmental crimes in the cities of Apuí and Lábrea, b) the responses of criminal justice institutions to the occurrence of environmental crimes in the region. El artículo analiza el tema para comprender cómo las prácticas legales y judiciales en dos municipios amazónicos (Apuí y Lábrea) responden a la dinámica de los delitos ambientales en la región. El proyecto de investigación se basa en una metodología cualitativa y cuantitativa. Las entrevistas fueran realizadas en la ciudad de Manaus con un juez del estado de Amazonas, un fiscal del Ministerio Público, un comisario de la Policía Federal y un miembro de la Agencia Ambiental de Amazonas. Así, es posible comprender: a) el contexto de los delitos ambientales en las ciudades de Apuí y Lábrea, b) las respuestas de las instituciones de justicia penal ante la ocurrencia de delitos ambientales en la región.

The paper analyses the topic of unaccompanied foreign minor migrants’ (UFMs) access paths in Italy and France. The aim is to describe how Italy and France intercept the UFMs to European coasts, and how they are identified and guided to specific reception facilities by examining the data and available references. The focus is on the legal dimension of the “non-reception system”. These are cases in which states have been convicted of violating children’s rights. How the Western world has tried to institutionalise the concept of children’s rights is closely related to the concept and operating modes of legal principles and “cultures”. In a way, the study of legal culture represents a measure of evolution of laws. In this paper, we highlight the usefulness of analysing the principle of the best interest of child (BIC), introduced in the ideal-typical configuration as a free formulation, which can only be understood based on the interpretation of Courts’ decisions taken on behalf of UFMs. El artículo analiza el tema de las vías de acceso de los menores extranjeros no acompañados (MENA) en Italia y Francia. El objetivo es describir cómo Italia y Francia interceptan a los MENA hacia las costas europeas, y cómo son identificados y guiados hacia instalaciones de recepción específicas, examinando los datos y las referencias disponibles. La atención se centra en la dimensión jurídica del "sistema de no recepción". Se trata de casos en los que los Estados han sido condenados por violar los derechos de los niños. El modo en que el mundo occidental ha intentado institucionalizar el concepto de los derechos del niño está estrechamente relacionado con el concepto y los modos de funcionamiento de los principios y las "culturas" jurídicas. En cierto modo, el estudio de la cultura jurídica representa una medida de la evolución de las leyes. En este trabajo, destacamos la utilidad de analizar el principio del interés superior del niño, introducido en la configuración ideal-típica como una formulación libre, que sólo puede entenderse a partir de la interpretación de las decisiones de los tribunales tomadas en nombre de los MENA. Available from: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1322

This paper proposes the use of data mining techniques for the analysis of criminal sentences. In particular, we are interested in the criminal sentences emitted for mafia-related crimes (ex art. 51, co 3 bis c.p.p.) by the four districts of the Appeal Courts of Sicily from 2000 up to 2006, and deemed irrevocable for at least one defendant.This research is particularly important for three reasons. (1) There is currently a lack of comparative analysis of the four districts of the Appeal Courts of Sicily (2) there is currently no collection of data describing the institutional answer to the mafia phenomenon; (3) Sicilian jurisprudence leads the Italian jurisprudence for this kind of phenomenon. The main objective is to extract from the analysis of the text of the sentences a description of the development of the sentences, as well as the socio-economic scope in which the events relative to the sentences happened.The research has shown that sentences can provide a lot of information; in particular if one takes into account the juridical statistics, their insufficient reliability and their lack of informative character in relation to the recipients of the data, and the difficulty in collecting and comparing the data, that is caused by the speed of the legislative changes and by the classification criteria.Thanks to the close collaboration between social scientists and computer scientists, we have developed an ad hoc reading algorithm, that analyzes the internal structure of the sentences, and that can be generalized to other areas of the jurisprudence, as well as to other temporal and geographical scopes.