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Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Darbeli Elektromanyetik Alan (PEMF) elektromanyetik alanların iyonlaştırıcı olmayan formlarından biri olup nörodejeneratif bozuklukların semptomlarının tedavisi gibi çeşitli tıbbi problemler için alternatif bir tedavi olarak kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, yüksek doz hidrojen peroksit (H2O2) ile muamele edilen insan nöroblastoma hücre hattında kısa süreli 75 Hz frekanslı PEMF maruziyetinin glutatyon (GSH) miktarına etkilerini araştırmaktır. Hücreler üç deneysel gruba ayrılmıştır: (I) sham-kontrol; (II) H2O2 ile muamele edilen hücreler; (III) H2O2 muamelesinin ardından PEMF'ye maruz bırakılan hücreler. Hücre canlılığı ve glutatyon miktarı sırasıyla spektrofotometrik ve Yüksek Performanslı Likit Kromatografi (HPLC) teknikleri kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Yüksek doz H2O2 ile muamele edilen nöroblastoma hücre hattında muamele sonrası PEMF maruziyetinin oksidatif stresin zararlı etkilerine karşı sitoprotektif etkisinin, hücre canlılığında ve GSH miktarında artış ile ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur.

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences is the property of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although hairdressing is not a dangerous profession, it is known that hairdressers are exposed to chemical combinations known as allergens, carcinogens or organic solvents. In this study, it was aimed to determine the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH), which are known as some important antioxidants, and malondialdehyde (MDA), the end product of lipid peroxidation and an indicator of oxidative stress, in hairdresser workers in Van. 33 female hairdresser employees working in the central districts of Van (Edremit, Tusba and Ipekyolu) were included in the scope of the study as subjects, and voluntary participants using hairdresser services were included as the control group. Venous blood was taken from those who accepted the study, examined in the laboratory, and the results were statistically analyzed. The difference between group means for MDA, CAT, SOD and GSH was statistically significant (p<0.05). As a result, it can be said that hairdressers, whose professional lives will last for many years, are in the potential risk group in the formation of diseases such as eczema, asthma, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, in which reactive oxygen derivatives also play a role, since they are constantly exposed to physical and chemical factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, hepatit B enfeksiyonlu olgularda, karaciğer enflamasyonunu, hastalık progresyonunu takip etmede tanı için ve karaciğer hasarının ilerleyip, kronik karaciğer hastalığı ve komplikasyonların oluşmasını önlemek için kullanılabilecek antioksidan glutatyonun serum düzeylerine bakıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya kronik hepatit B enfeksiyon’lu, ALT düzeyleri normal, HBV DNA Neg-0.05). Sonuç: Oksidatif stres, karaciğer hasarının gelişimi ve ilerlemesinde önemlidir. Glutatyon, hepatit B enfeksiyonlu olgularda, karaciğer enflamasyonunu, hastalık progresyonunu takip etmede tanı için kullanılabilir. Ayrıca enflamasyonu baskılayarak, kronik karaciğer hastalığı ve komplikasyonların oluşumunu önlemek için kullanılabilir. Daha geniş serili çalışmalar faydalı olabilir.

Copyright of Gümüshane Üniversitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Gumushane University, Faculty of Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The use of herbal medicines in the field of health has a very important place. Clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum L.), a species rich in bioactive components, has many properties such as antihypertensive, antiatherogenic, antiinflammatory, antifungal, antiviral, antimicrobial. In this study, the antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities of clove plant extract (Syzygium aromaticum L.) against oxidative damage caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) were investigated. In this study, 4 groups were formed. Study groups: (i) Control Group: Yeastonly group; (ii) CCl4 Group: CCl4 (10 mM) given group; (iii) Clove Group: The group given clove extract (10%); (iv) Clove + CCl4 Group: Clove extract (10%) + CCl4 (10 mM) administered group. S. cerevisiae cultures were grown at 30 °C for 1, 3, 5 and 24 hours. Antioxidant activities were performed with glutathione (GSH) analysis, while lipid peroxidation was measured with malondialdehyde (MDA) analysis in spectrophotometer. Cell growth of S. cerevisiae cultures at 1, 3, 5 and 24 hours was measured by spectrophotometer. Total protein concentrations were determined by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and Bradford method. According to the results obtained; Compared to the CCl4 group, GSH levels (24 hours), cell growth (1, 3, 5 and 24 hours) and total protein synthesis increased in the clove groups, while MDA levels (24 hours) decreased. Thanks to its strong bioactive chemical components, the clove plant has been determined to have a stimulating effect on cell growth and total protein synthesis by reducing CCl4-induced oxidative stress in S. cerevisiae culture. Clove extract may have potential in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases, but further studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal / İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Health Sciene Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmada Streptozotosin (STZ) ile deneysel tip 1 diyabet oluşturulan sıçanların kan ve karaciğer dokularında oluşan oksidatif hasara karşı melatonin takviyesinin koruyucu etkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. GEREÇ ve YÖNTEM: Kırk adet yetişkin Spraque Dawley erkek sıçan; grup 1- kontrol grubu, grup 2-diyabet oluşturulan grup, grup 3- melatonin takviye grubu ve grup 4- diyabet ve melatonin takviye grubu olmak üzere dört gruba ayrıldı. Sıçanlara tek doz 60 mg/kg STZ İntraperitoneal (i.p.) olarak uygulanması ile diyabet oluşturuldu. Melatonin takviyesi ise 10 mg/kg/gün dozunda subkutan olarak (s.c.) 6 hafta boyunca uygulandı. Deney sonunda alınan karaciğer ve serum örneklerinde; glutatyon (GSH), katalaz (CAT) ve malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyleri spektrofotometrik yöntem kullanılarak ölçüldü. BULGULAR: Çalışma sonuçları diyabetik hayvanların serum ve karaciğer dokularında MDA düzeylerinin arttığını gösterdi. Melatonin uygulamasının her iki dokuda da MDA düzeylerini azaltıp, GSH ve CAT düzeylerini artırdığı veya düşmesini engelleyerek kararlı bir şekilde kalmasını sağladığı görüldü (p< 0,05). SONUÇ: Bu çalışma sonuçları, diyabetin komplikasyonlarının temel nedenlerinden birinin de oksidatif stres olduğunu vurgulayan ve kabul eden ortak görüşle uyumludur. Sonuçlarımız melatoninin diyabette artan oksidatif stres üzerinde iyileştirici etkisinin bulunduğunu ve melatoninin terapötik bir ajan olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

The Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) is one of the non-ionizing forms of electromagnetic fields that has been used as an alternative therapy for various medical problems, including treating symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders. The present work's goal is to explore the possible effects of short-term exposure to 75 Hz frequency of PEMF on the amount of glutathione (GSH) in high-dose hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treated human neuroblastoma cell line. Cells were divided into three experimental groups: (I) sham-control; (II) cells treated by H2O2; (III) cells post-exposed to PEMF following H2O2 challenge. The cell viability and the amount of glutathione were measured by spectrophotometrically and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) techniques, respectivelly. It has been found that the cytoprotective effect of post-PEMF exposure against deleterious effects of oxidative stress triggered by highdose H2O2 challenge in neuroblastoma cell line is mediated by the increase in the cell viability and the elevation in the GSH amount. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Oxidative stress is requisite for the development of IUGR, with subsequent manifestation in the reduced levels of antioxidants enzymes. Glutathione protects against free radical-mediated injury, therefore we elucidated on its role in protecting against oxidative stress-induced consequences of IUGR. In order to improve the prognosis of IUGR in affected infants, we investigated the protective role of glutathione in rats exposed to IUGR. Method: Ten female Sprague-Dawley rats were mated overnight. The pregnant rats were divided into 2 groups of 5 rats each. From gestational day 9 until parturition, group A received normal saline while group B received 50 mg/kg daily of L-NAME. Pups from group A were allowed free access to food and water, while group B pups were randomly assigned into 3 groups; G1 pups were left untreated; 1.5g/kg of gluthatione was administered to G2 pups from PND 4-10 and G3 pups from PND 25-31. We measured the body weight of rats; immunolocalized and further quantified TNFα expression in the hepatic and renal tissues. Results: Postnatal GSH administration increased body weight in treated groups exposed to IUGR more significantly from days 4-10 as opposed to days 25-31. IUGR resulted in a significant increase in the TNFa immunoreactivity in the hepatic and renal tissues of the untreated group of rats when compared with the control and treated groups. GSH significantly reduced TNFα immunoreactivity in the kidney and liver of the treated groups, especially the days 4-10. Conclusions: Oral GSH administration regulates the inflammatory response in IUGR at the early neonatal period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies have shown that many of the synthetic additives which are added to food for different purposes have negative impacts on human health. For this reason, researchers have focused on natural additives that can replace with synthetic ones and positively affect health through their various functions. Biothiols have effects on color, taste and aroma in foods. In addition, they possess various functions in the prevention of cancer, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, lung and heart diseases by decreasing oxidative damage with their antioxidant and protective effects. In this review, the studies about thiol contents of food, their functions and the possibilities of using thiols in the food industry instead of synthetic additives have been brought together.

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important plant species in terms of sustainable agriculture, as it is a basic food source and a product that can be produced all over the world. The fact that the wheat plant has a more complex genetic structure than corn, paddy and all other agricultural products makes the breeding of this species a difficult and time-consuming process. On the other hand, it is possible to bring the yield values to the desired points by understanding the reactions of wheat to environmental factors. In this study, the relationship of resistance to drought and diseases, which are the most common problems in wheat breeding, with PGPB (Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria), which has ACC deaminase effect, was investigated. In our study, the effect of ACC deaminase-synthesizing bacteria on two different bread wheat varieties (Need 79, Bezostaja 1) and in drought conditions was investigated. In this study, expression levels of some transcription factors involved in drought resistance mechanism with ACC deaminase effect were measured by q-RT PCR. In addition, the glutathione reductase level was measured in both wheat genotypes and its relationship with the genes was revealed. Although the data obtained as a result of the study have varying degrees of activity, it has been found that PGPB bacteria have a reducing effect on the negative effects of drought stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mercury is one of the most toxic heavy metals on earth. Selenium is an element that is essential for living things and has antioxidant properties. Zeolite is a mineral commonly used in the removal of heavy metals in aquatic environments. In this study, it was aimed to determine the toxic effects of mercury on glutathione (GSH) and GSH-related enzyme systems and the possible protective effects of selenium and zeolite on this biochemical toxicity in tissues of Oreochromis niloticus. For this purpose fish were exposed to 0.01 and 0.1 mg/L mercury; 0.01 mg/L mercury+0.1 mg/L selenium, 0.1 mg/L mercury+1.0 mg/L selenium and 0.01 mg/L mercury+ 0.1 g/L zeolite, 0.1 mg/L mercury+1.0 g/L zeolite for 7 and 21 days and and GSH level and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) in gill, liver and muscle tissues were determined. Significant alterations in GSH level and GSH-related enzymes activities in the exposure of Hg alone, Hg+Se, and Hg+zeolite mixtures were observed due to tissues, medium concentrations, and exposure period. In the gill and liver tissues, GSH level and GR activity reduced while GPx and GST activities increased. In the muscle, it was not observed a significant change in other parameters except for the GST. The effect of Hg alone on analyzed all parameters were higher than in combination with Se and zeolite and the order of their effects found Hg>Hg+zeolite>Hg+Se. Our research results show that selenium and zeolite have a protective effect on the toxicity caused by mercury in O. niloticus and that selenium has a slightly more protective effect than zeolite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In this study, serum levels of antioxidant glutathione which can be used to follow of liver inflammation and disease progression and in treatment to prevent progressive liver damage and chronic liver disease and complications in patients with hepatitis B virus infection, were evaluated. Material and Methods: The study included 55 patients with hepatitis B virus infection, normal ALT levels, HBV DNA Neg- <104 c / ml, between the ages of 18-69 and 40 healthy controls, without any chronic disease or acute hepatitis. Serum GSH levels were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) method (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA). Results: Of the hepatitis B virus infected cases, 29 were female and 26 were male (age range 43.75 ± 4.33), 17 of the control group were female and 23 were male (age range 29.31 ± 1.59). No statistically significant difference was found between the serum GSH level and age and gender among the cases with hepatitis B virus infection (p: 0.252, p: 0.353, respectively). Glutathione serum levels in hepatitis B virus infection were lower than control group and this was statistically significant (117.47±3.12, 151.18±1.93 ng/mL, respectively, p:0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between biochemical parameters and glutathione in patients with hepatitis B virus infection (p> 0.05). Conculusion: Oxidative stress is important in the development and progression of liver damage Glutathione can be used in patients with hepatitis B infection, to follow liver inflammation and disease progression. In addition, it can be used in treatment to prevent the occurrence of chronic liver disease and complications by suppressing inflammation with its antioxidant effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The main focus of this study is to determine blood malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in patients with possible Alzheimer's disease (AD). Material and Method: The study included 15 healthy persons and 15 Alzheimer's patients aged between 65 and 79 living in Kars. Before taking blood samples from patients who were diagnosed with Alzheimer at Kafkas University Faculty of Medicine Neurology Service, they were applied Standardized Mini Mental State Examination (SMMSE) and Clinical Dementia Rating. In the next step, erythrocyte GSH and serum MDA, NO levels were determined. Results: The difference between healthy persons and Alzheimer's disease group erythrocyte GSH (p<0.05) and serum MDA (p<0.01), NO (p<0.001) levels were statistically significant. MMSE scores were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: It was observed that AD caused lipid peroxidation and as a conclusion significantly increased the MDA, GSH and NO levels in the blood of Alzheimer patients. This study supports the theory that the brain is affected by increased oxidative stress in AD based on the data obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glutatyon redoks sistemi yaştan etkilenebilir. Bu nedenle serum glutatyon düzeyleri ile ilgili çalışma yapılırken, vaka ve kontrol gruplarına ait yaş ortalamalarının benzer olmasına özen gösterilmelidir.

Copyright of Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Journal of Agricultural Sciences (YYU J Agr Sci) is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Firat Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Firat Universitesiu, Saglik Bilimleri Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Homocysteine is a sulfur containing amino acid that is formed during methionine metabolism. Patients under long-term antiepileptic drug treatment often have hyperhomocysteinemia. These patients have low levels of serum folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6, all of which are associated with homocysteine metabolism. We have investigated the effects of valproic acid and new generation antiepileptic drugs (lamotrigine and levetiracetam) on plasma levels of homocysteine and aminothiols as well as serum vitamin B12 and folic acid. Materials and methods: Forty-seven idiopathic epileptic patients on antiepileptic drugs were compared with 38 age-matched healthy controls. Commercial immunoassay methods were used for vitamin B12 and folic acid analyses. Homocysteine, cysteine, cysteinylglycine and glutathione levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results: There was no significant difference in patient and control values in terms of vitamin B12, folic acid and homocysteine. Valproic acid and lamotrigine seemed to effect aminothiol redox status. Glutathione levels of epileptic patients receiving valproic acid and lamotrigine were higher than controls. Conclusion: Our results suggest that redox homeostasis may be impaired and glutathione synthesis increased in response to the oxidative stress caused by antiepileptic drug use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, vitamin A, E, C, MDA, beta-carotene, lycopene, glutathione and ghrelin levels of local chicken (organic), farm chicken, duck, quail and goose eggs were determined by HPLC. The amount of vitamin A and E found to be higher in the farm chicken egg than other eggs. ß-carotene and lycopene found to be the higher (P<0.005) in the organic chicken egg. On the other hand, vitamin C, ghrelin, GSSG and MDA found to be higher in the quail's egg, but GSH was the higher in goose egg. Vitamin A and GSSG were lowest in the organic chicken egg while vitamin E was the lowest (P<0.005) in the quail's egg. The amount of vitamin C and ß-carotene and MDA were found to be lowest in goose egg. Also, lycopene and GSH were found to be lowest in the duck egg, but ghrelin was found lowest (P<0.005) in the farm chicken egg. Keywords: Egg, vitamin, ß-carotene, lycopene, ghrelin, malondialdehyde, glutathione. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of acupuncture which is one of alternative and complementary methods on fracture healing and free oxygen radicals was investigated. In this study, 54 female Wistar albino rats with 250-300 g BWs were randomly divided into 10 groups including, control group, sacrificed on days 7, 14 and 21 of acupuncture, sacrificed on days 7, 14 and 21 of fracture, and sacrificed on days 7, 14 and 21 of fracture + acupuncture application. The rats in the control group received no treatment. The 0.5 mm thick kirschner wire was advanced intramedullary as retrograde from the fracture line of the proximal part of the bone and fracture was performed. After fracture formation, acupuncture (50 Hz, 20 qA, 25 minutes) was applied to the rats. This treatment was applied for 7, 14 and 21 days as 4 sessions per week. The rats were sacrificed at 7, 14 and 21 days after fracture formation and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), whole blood reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, erythrocyte catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activities were measured. Plasma MDA and GSH levels were statistically significant in all fracture groups compared to the control group (P<0.05). A statistically significant reduction was observed in the fracture + acupuncture groups compared to the fracture groups (P<0.05). While no statistically significant change was observed in blood CAT activities of the group sacrificed on 7th day of fracture compared to the control group, statistically significant decreases were observed in the groups sacrificed at 14th and 21th days of fracture compared to the control group. There were a statistically significant decreases in the blood SOD, GSH-Px and G6PD activities compared to the control group in fracture groups. CAT, SOD, GSH-Px and G6PD activities showed a significant increase in the fracture + acupuncture groups compared to the fracture groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, it can be said that the application of acupuncture can positively influences the fracture healing process of the fracture by suppressing the harmful effects of free oxygen radicals and regulating the activities of antioxidant enzyme activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Türkiye Klinikleri Journal of Veterinary Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, the amounts of reduced form of glutathione (GSH), oxidized form of glutathione (GSSG) and various B vitamins particularly, thiamine hydrochloride (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), nicotinic acid (vitamin B3), pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6) and folic acid (vitamin B9) in fresh ripe apricot fruits of six different varieties were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC). It was observed that GSH, GSSG, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B6 and vitamin B9 levels were between 914.70±24.10 - 82.56±5.92 μg/g; 35.28±2.73 - 17.16±2.05 μg/g, 0.49±0.08 - 1.02±0.13 μg/g, 1.56±0.14 - 4.48±0.46 μg/g, 16.10±2.46 5.40±0.52 μg/g, 23.85±2.90 - 7.86±0.58 μg/g and 8.84±0.86 - 3.04±0.29 μg/g, respectively. The Hudayı variety was rich in GSH, GSGH, vitamin B1 and B2, Kabaaşı variety was rich in Vitamin B3 and B6 and Hacıhaliloğlu variety was rich in vitamin B9. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, Reduced Glutathione (GSH) and Oxidized Glutathione (GSSG) levels of Syntrichia ruralis (Hedw.) F. Weber & D. Mohr. and Syntrichia montana Nees. taxa belongs to Syntrichia type of Pottiaceae family have determined with High-performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). It has determined that GSH level is 81.90 ± 5.68 μg/g, 25.28 ± 2.28 μg/g and GSSG level is 13.04 ± 1.74 g/g, 5.68 ± 1.02 g/g of Syntrichia ruralis and Syntrichia montana taxa. These amounts have shown that Glutathione (GSH, GSSG) level included in Syntrichia ruralis taxon is more than Syntrichia montana taxon and both of bryophytes-leaved taxa are a good source with regard to Glutathione. It has seen that these bryophytes -leaved are antioxidant featured plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the amounts of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C, β-carotene, lycopene, reduced and oxidized form of glutathione (GSH, GSSG) with malondialdehyde (MDA) in plant fruits of Pyracantha coccinea Roemer var. lalandi were determined by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The amount of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C, β-carotene, lycopene, GSH, GSSG and MDA in plant fresh fruits of Pyracantha coccinea Roemer var. lalandi were obtained to be 0.15±0.03; 0.22±0.04; 12.10±0.96; 37.31±3.61; 10.67±2.41; 200.81±30.15, 47.53±5.45 and 7.60±0.89 μg/g respectively. The GSH/GSSG ratio is 4.23 ± 0.35 was observed. It can be said that Pyracantha coccinea Roemer var. lalandi plant fruits are good source of Glutathione (GSH, GSSG), vitamin C, β-carotene and lycopene. Generaly Pyracantha coccinea Roemer var. Lalandi is planted as an ornamental plant but from these findings suggest that the fruit of this plant might be useful source of antioxidant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Özet: Bu çalışmada, yemeği yapılarak tüketilen Çiriş otu yada yabani pırasa (Asphodelus aestivus L.)'daki indirgenmiş glutatyon (GSH), yükseltgenmiş glutatyon (GSSG), C vitamini ile tiamin klorür (B1 vitamini), riboflavin (B2 vitamini), nikotinik asit (B3 vitamini), pridoksin klorür (B6 vitamini) ve folik asit (B9 vitamini) vitaminlerinin miktarları Yüksek Performanslı Sıvı Kromatografisi (HPLC) ile belirlendi. Çiriş otundaki GSH, GSSG, C vitamini, B1, B2, B3, B6 ve B9 vitaminlerinin miktarlarının sırası ile 148,02±9,22 mg/g; 41,43±4,14 mg/g; 847,97±32,62 mg/g; 26,00±3,48 mg/g; 2,76±0,53 mg/g; 279,67±11,48 mg/g; 21,97±1,78 mg/g ve 8,20±1,23 mg/g olduğu gözlendi. Elde edilen bu veriler, çiriş otunun C ve B3 vitaminleri açısından çok iyi bir kaynak olduğu, ayrıca yeterli miktarda da GSH, B1, B6 ve B9 vitamini ihtiva ettiğini göstermektedir. Anahtar kelimeler: Çiriş otu (Asphodelus aestivus L.,), Glutatyon, C vitamini ve B vitaminleri Abstract: In this study, the amounts of reduced form glutathione (GSH), oxidized form glutathione (GSSG), vitamin C, thiamine hydrochloride (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), nicotinic acid (vitamin B3), pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6) and folic acid (vitamin B9) in Asphodelus aestivus L. sample by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. It has been observed that the amounts of GSH, GSSG, vitamin C, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B6 and vitamin B9 148,02±9,22 mg/g; 41,43±4,14 mg/g; 847,97±32,62 mg/g; 26,00±3,48 mg/g; 2,76 ± 0,53 mg/g; 279,67±11,48 mg/g; 21,97±1,78 mg/g ve 8,20±1,23 mg/g respectively. It may be concluded from the results that rich, the Asphodelus aestivus L. contains a of vitamin C and vitamin B3, also enought amount contains of GSH, vitamin B1, vitamin B6 and B9. Key words: Asphodel (Asphodelus aestivus L.,) Glutathione, Vitamin C and vitamins B

Plantago lanceolata L. has been used for wound healing in Turkish traditional medicine. In the present study the wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous and methanol extract of P. lanceolata were investigated. In vivo excision and incision wound models were applied on mice and rats for the evaluation of the wound healing effect of P. lanceolata. Inhibitory effect of the extracts on acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability was assessed by using Whittle Method. Moreover, the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), glutathione (GSH), total thiols (TSH), hydroxyproline (HP), and tissue trace elements (Zn+2 and Cu+2) were analysed. The aqueous extract of P. lanceolata was found to have wound healing activity in both incision and excision wound models. The results obtained from histopathological analysis also supported the data. Significant anti-inflammatory activity was also detected for both extracts. P.lanceolata significantly reduced the levels of TBARs which is one of the indicators of oxidative stress on the wounded tissue and increased the levels of GSH, TSH and HP. Additionally, P. lanceolata was found to have capacity to increase the levels of tissue Zn+2and Cu+2, both of which are important indicators in the process of wound healing and collagen synthesis. The results indicated that P. lanceolata which is used in the treatment of wounds in addition to many illnesses in traditional medicine and is rich in terms of flavanoids has a powerful antioxidant effect and so it has a positive assistance in healing process. More advanced studies are needed to illuminate the mechanism accurately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Adiyaman University Journal of Science & Technology / Adıyaman Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Adiyaman University, Institute of Science / Adiyaman Universitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Interest in native plants is increasing every day. Therefore, it was aimed to determine the amounts of vitamins, beta-carotene, glutathione and the total antioxidant capacity in forage plants (Tragopogon reticulatus) comsumed as either raw or cooked foods. In this study the amounts of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) with vitamin A, vitamin E, Beta-carotene, vitamin C, thiamine hydrochloride (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), nicotinic acid (vitamin B3), pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6) and folic acid (vitamin B9) in leaves of Tragopogon reticulatus sample were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The total amounts of the phenolic and flavonoid contents in leaves of plant samples were determined by spectrophotometric methods. In addition, the free radical scavenging effect of the plant extract was measured by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) and this effect was compared with the of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) known as standard antioxidant. While the amounts of GSSG, vitamins B3, B6 and C in the leaves of Tragopogon reticulatus sample were found to be high, the amounts of GSH, β-carotene, vitamins A, E, B1, B2 and B9 were low. Free radical scavenging effect was determined as 46.56 ± 0.79 (%) and there was a significant difference (p<0.05) compared to BHT. As a result, the Tragopogon reticulatus plant leaves have rich source of glutathione (GSH, GSSG), β-carotene, vitamins C, B2, B3 and B6 phenolic and flavonoid contents therefore we can said that it has a strong antioxidant effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bitter almond has been used for a long time by diabetes patients due to some important anti-diabetic effects. In this study, we aimed to determine protective effects of bitter almond extract on the lipid-soluble vitamins, cholesterol, glutathione (GSH), total protein, malondialdehyde (MDA), fatty acid levels of liver and kidney tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. According to our findings, in kidney tissue, GSH and total protein were decreased in the Diabetes (D) and Diabetes + Bitter Almond (D+A) groups. Again MDA was increased in the D group, but not changed in the D+A group. Our results indicated that bitter almond extract might have a positively effect on postprandial blood glucose levels, as well as, on the GSH and MDA levels in the kidney tissue. The decrease of postprandial glucose level and these positive results can be attributed to bitter almond extract in the kidney tissue. The bitter almond and streptozotocin (STZ) administrations affected amount of some important fatty acids in the liver and kidney tissues, which substrates in fatty acid metabolism on duty enzymes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The roles of ascorbate and glutathione as key antioxidant molecules involves in environmental stress responses have already been well indicated. We conducted experiments in order to study the effects of exogenous ascorbate (ASC) and glutathione (GSH) treatments on antioxidant enzyme activities and ASC and GSH levels of cultivated and wild type chickpea plants under drought stress. We determined that ASC and GSH accumulation, antioxidant enzyme activities increased due to drought stress, except for CAT activity, in both species. ASC treatment increased ASC level and APX activity in C. arietinum under drought stress, except high concentration of ASC treatment. Antioxidant treatments increased antioxidant accumulation of C. reticulatum under drought stress. Antioxidant treatments did not lead to significantly changes in GR activity, in both species. However, exogenous ASC and GSH via eliminating of reactive oxygen species decreased SOD, CAT and APX activities in C. reticulatum. The results of present study indicate that ASC and GSH may contribute to the improvement of tolerance against drought stress in chickpea. Also, drought tolerant chickpea C. reticulatum showed a better protection mechanism against oxidative damage than the sensitive chickpea C. arietinum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the effects of intraperitoneal applications N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) an glutathione (GSH) precursor, on GSH and related enzymes, lipid peroxidation activities in the erythrocyte and liver tissue were investigated. For this purpose, effects of the NAS were investigated on playing an important role in detoxification reactions of biomolecules; GSH/GSSG, GSH reductase, GSH-px, NADP/NADPH activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and as an indicator of lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver toxicity formed by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). In this study in order to create liver toxicity in rats, CCl4 was applied 3 times with an interval of one day 1 ml/kg intraperitoneal (ip) in 1/1 ratio of olive oil in the form of solution. In order to determine the protective effect of the NAS, NAS application was started 3 days before (ip 50 mg /kg/day) that CCl4 injected to tested group and continued during the experiment. 24 hours after the last injection of CCl4, blood and liver samples were taken under ether anesthesia. It was determined that AST, ALT, GSSG, NADP/NADPH and MDA levels increased importantly in CCl4 group than control group and also observed that the levels decreased with addition of NAS. Also it was observed that GSH, GSH reductase, GSH-Px and SOD levels significantly decreased in CCl4 group than control group, the levels were increased with addition of the NAS. It is concluded that NAS may be useful repairing oxidative damage in liver injury induced by CCl4 and protecting the harmful effects of reactive oxygen species with removing oxygen radicals also may support the defense of tissues against oxidative stress and direct antioxidant effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effect of melatonin on the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione (GSH) of pancreas tissues at young (4 months) and middle-aged (14 months) rats. Methods: Young and middle-age male Wistar albino rats were used in this experimental study. Rats were divided into two groups: melatonin applied; young rats , middle-aged rats and melatonin was not applied; young rats and middle-aged rats . Melatonin was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg/ day in 0.2 cc-% 1 ethanol-phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution via subcutan way for 7 days at 18:00 until surgery. In control group, 0.2 cc-%1 Ethanol-PBS was applied for 7 days at 18:00. At the end of seven days, MDA, NO levels which are indicators of oxidant stress and GSH were detected. Results: Although there were no significant difference between control and experiment group for the NO and MDA level of melatonin group of young rats, there were significantly difference in the GSH levels of pancreas tissues for melatonin levels. NO levels of the pancreas tissues were significantly reduced and GSH levels were significantly increased in the melatonin group of middle aged rats compared to the control group. The MDA levels of pancreas tissues were significantly increased in the middle aged control group compared to young control group. The MDA levels of pancreas tissues were not significantly different in melatonin group of middle-aged compared to control group. The NO and the GSH levels of the pancreas tissues were not significantly different between the control groups of young and middle aged rats. Conclusion: Aging may be related with an increase in free radicals and a reduction in the antioxidant capacity of the tissues and exogenous melatonin may play a protective role in aging by means of its action on free radicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: It is known that oxidant species play a role in the pathogenesis of certain diseases such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, cataract and hepatic cirrhosis. Therefore, the use of antioxidant species for therapeutic purposes has risen up in the recent years. The aim of the study was to investigate the different concentrations of alpha lipoic acid on the induced lipid peroxidation and tissue glutathione level in rat liver homogenates. Methods: Hydrogen peroxide (15 mM) has been used for induction of lipid peroxidation at liver homogenates. The experimental setups induced by lipid peroxidation have been divided into four sub-groups. Alpha lipoic acid was added in 0, 2, 4 and 8 mM concentrations into those groups, respectively. The malondialdehyde levels which is the end product of lipid peroxidation and the levels of tissue glutathione have been determined. Results: The level of malondialdehyde in the activation groups has been found to be significantly higher than to the control group. The levels of malondialdehyde in the all alpha lipoic acid groups have been found to be significantly lower than the activation group. The level of glutathione in the activation group has been detected significantly lower when it was compared to the control group. The levels of glutathione in the all alpha lipoic acid groups have been found to be significantly higher from the activation group. When the time-dependent change in the level of glutathione was investigated it was observed that these initially decrease and then started to increase. In the groups of 4 and 8 mM, this level was even over from the starting point. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings suggest that lipid peroxidation is induced in the experimental setups where hydrogen peroxide are applied. The reason of significantly lower malondialdehyde and higher glutathione levels in alpha lipoic acid group than activation groups may be a result of the antioxidant property of alpha lipoic acid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thiol is an organic compound that contain sulphhydryl group that have a critical role in preventing any involvement of oxidative stress in the cell. Among the protein defensive mechanism of the body, cysteine plays an important role in preventing an oxidative damage through its thiol functional group. These defensive functions are generally considered to be carried out by the low molecular weight thiol glutathione and by cysteine residues in the active sites of proteins such as thioredoxin and peroxiredoxin. In addition, there are thiols exposed on protein surfaces that are not directly involved with protein function, although they can interact with the intracellular environment. The process of protection of the cell against an oxidative damage occur by thiol and cystein residue that has a low molecular weight. These residue are present in the active sites of a protein like, peroxiredoxin and thioredoxin. Apart from intracellular antioxidant defense mechanism by protein thiol, there are presence of thiol in outer surface of protein that are not involved with the function of protein, even though they can interact with intracellular part of the cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Glutathione S-transferases (GST) take roles under stress conditions by the conjugation of Glutathione (GSH) to electrophilic substrates to increase their solubility and facilitating further metabolic processing. This is one of the main pathways functioning in stress resistance and, for dought stress, there is not yet a study on Pinus brutia Ten. which is a very important forest tree of Turkey. Materials and Methods: The needles of 30 different individuals of Pinus brutia Ten. were collected three times in the season: at the begining, in the middle and at the end of summer (June-August). The total precipitation and the temperature of the region were surveyed during sampling period. The osmotic pressure values, total GST activities and the GSH pools of the needle samples were measured and statistically analysed. Results: The osmotic pressure values showed 16% increase throughout the season. Moreover, total precipitation and temperature values demonstrated that the highest drought stress was observed at the end of sampling period. Approximately 80% of increase in total GST activity between the beginning and the end of summer probably indicated the response against drought; although there was no significant change in the GSH pool. Conclusion: The presence of drought, elevated osmotic pressure and a satistically significant (p<0.005) increase in total GST activities in needle samples were detected. The lack of direct correlation between the GSH pool and total GST activities was explained by the rate of GSH biosynthesis and its redox cycling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Previous studies have demonstrated a higher incidence of ulcerative colitis in non-smokers. We investigated the beneficial effects of nicotine treatment on colitis-induced anxiety and oxidative colonic damage on rats. Materials and Methods: Wistar Albino (250-300 g) rats (n=40) were randomly divided into 5 groups as saline-treated colitis group, nicotine pre-treated colitis group, nicotine post-treated colitis group, continuously nicotine-treated colitis group and control group. Groups received intraperitoneal injections of saline or nicotine (0.1 mg/kg/day) for 15 days prior to and for 3 days following the colitis induction. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, histological evaluation and DNA fragmentation were studied in colonic samples. Anxiety levels were evaluated with the hole-board test. Results were evaluated using ANOVA and Mann-Whitney-U tests. Results: The saline-treated colitis group had increased MPO and MDA levels, DNA fragmentation and histological damage scores when compared with the control group. In the nicotine-treated groups MPO and MDA levels and DNA fragmentation were reduced, with lower histologie damage scores. Reduced SOD, CAT and GSH levels were also increased in nicotine-treated groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrates antioxidant effects of nicotine treatment in the acetic acid-induced colitis model including an increased antioxidant capacity, reduced migration of neutrophils to the inflamed colon and a reduction of membrane damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Karaelmas Science & Engineering Journal / Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi is the property of Karaelmas Science & Engineering Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)