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4) Gobioides peruanus (Steindachner, 1880); Gobiidae. Peruvian Eel-Goby, Smalleye Eel-Goby; Gobio-Anguila de Barro (Fig. 2F). Diagnosis: This species differs from the other species of the family occurring in the freshwaters of the country (Pacific) by the following combination of characters: body very elongate (depth 9.0���14.0% of SL), compressed and eel-like; head small (5.0���8.0% of SL); dorsal fin long, with seven flexible spines and 14���15 rays; anal fin rays 15; caudal fin long, pointed and broadly joined to dorsal and anal fins; and coloration pattern (see Robertson & Allen 2015). Basis of the record: A single specimen was observed and recorded in photo in the Quebrada Bomba Vieja (Barranca River basin), near the mouth of the r��o Barranca, El Roble, Puntarenas (9.96228, -84.73493), at 6 m. a.s.l., on January 6, 2021, by Beto Guido M��ndez (Bird watcher guide/Naturalist). Remarks: This species inhabits brackish tidal rivers and estuaries as well as freshwaters; lives in muddy burrows (Robertson & Allen 2015)., Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, 2021, New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5083 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5800630, {"references":["Robertson, D. R. & Allen, G. R. (2015) Shorefishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific: online information system. Version 2.0. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama. Available from: https: // biogeodb. stri. si. edu / sftep / en / pages (accessed 27 August 2021)."]}

Gobioides broussonnetii Lacep��de, 1800. Violet Goby; Esmeralda de Rio, Gobio Violeta. Distribution: Global: Western Atlantic Ocean; Georgia, USA, to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; entering estuaries and littoral lagoons and ascending river courses; Costa Rica: To and Pa (Atlantic), 0��� 3 m.a.s.l., Per, Dia. Occurrence and conservation status: Nat, LC. References: Angulo et al. (2013: 1009; listed, including taxonomic information and distributional data) and Robertson & Van Tassell (2019: 4171; detailed description, including illustrations, information on distribution, with a map, and ecology)., Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, 2021, New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5083 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5800630, {"references":["Robertson, D. R. & Van Tassell, J. (2019) Shorefishes of the Greater Caribbean: online information system. Version 2.0 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama. Available from: https: // biogeodb. stri. si. edu / caribbean / en / pages (accessed 27 August 2021)."]}

New recordings of Gobioides broussonnetii Lacepède, 1800 and the distribution of which extends for approximately 1,000 km both to the North and South along the coast of Brazil are reported in the Paraguaçu river estuary (Todos os Santos Bay). Preliminary data regarding the impact of increasing salinity on violet goby populations are shown and discussed.

The Amazon estuary is a unique environment, in which a wide variety of both marine and freshwater fish species can be found, providing an important source of income for local populations. Forty G. broussonnetii specimens were collected from an area adjacent to the city of Salvaterra on Marajo Island, in the Brazilian state of Para, in 2011. The necroscopic analysis of the hosts revealed the presence of milky rounded cysts throughout the palate. Microscopic analysis of the parasitized fragments revealed that the squamous epithelium covering the palate was intact, although Myxobolus sp. cysts were observed in the cytoplasm of the striated skeletal muscles of the palate, as found in other myxosporids. Overall, the macro- and microscopic findings of the present study confirm the presence of necrotizing myositis in the palate of G. broussonnetii associated with parasitism by Myxobolus sp.

A total of 40 specimens of the teleost fish Gobioides grahamae Palmer & Wheeler, 1955 were obtained from the municipality of Salvaterra on Marajó Island in the Brazilian state of Pará. Their livers were removed and processed for light microscopy. Overall, 90% of the specimens presented some degree of steatosis of the liver, which was invariably associated with the presence of Microsporidium sp. The present study confirms the occurrence of steatosis in G. grahamae associated with parasitic infections by Microsporidium. The findings indicate that the condition of otherwise healthy fishes in their natural environment may be affected negatively by parasites. Um total de 40 exemplares do peixe teleósteo Gobioides grahamae Palmer & Wheeler, 1955 foram obtidos a partir do município de Salvaterra na Ilha de Marajó, no estado brasileiro do Pará. Os fígados foram removidos e processados para a microscopia de luz. De modo geral, 90% das amostras apresentavam algum grau de esteatose hepática, a qual foi invariavelmente associada com a presença de Microsporidium sp. O presente estudo confirma a ocorrência de esteatose em G. grahamae associada a infecções parasitárias por Microsporidium. Os resultados indicam que as condições de peixes saudáveis em ambiente natural podem ser afetadas negativamente por parasitas.

A fish infecting myxosporean Ellipsomyxa gobioides n. sp. is described in the gallbladder of the Amazonian dragon fish Gobioides broussonnetii. Irregular disporous plasmodia (up to ~30 μm in diameter) with long branched and anastomosed pseudopodia were found attached to the gallbladder wall. Mature ellipsoid myxospores occurring floating in the bile measured 6.8 (6.5-7.0) μm (n = 30) long, 7.2 (6.9-7.5) μm (n = 15) wide, and 13.1 (12.8-13.5) (n = 25) thick. They had smooth thin valves elongated in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the straight central transverse sutural line. The two ellipsoidal polar capsules (PC) opened some distance from the sutural line on opposite sides, each measuring 4.6 (4.3-4.8) μm (n = 15) long and 2.5 (2.1-2.7) μm (n = 20) wide. Distance between PC 3.5 (3.1-3.8) μm (n = 15) in apical view. The polar filament was isofilar and consisted of a single coil with five or six turns. The objective of this study was to characterize this new species based on its morphological differences from the three previously described species. This is the first reported species of genus Ellipsomyxa from among the South American fauna.

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:26:15Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:31:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-84856970547.pdf: 1574064 bytes, checksum: d5d775525e96e5f68e6a282f32c40d96 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:26:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-12-01 We surveyed social wasps (Polistinae) present in forest fragments of northwest of So Paulo state with different surroundings composed of a matrix of citrus crops and sugarcane in the expectation that the former matrix would be more diverse than the latter. We collected specimens actively using attractive liquids. We obtained 20 species in Magda, 13 in Bebedouro, 13 in Mato, and 19 in Barretos. The most common genus was Agelaia in all of the areas. The greatest Shannon-Wiener index of diversity was obtained in Magda (H' = 2.12). Species such as Brachygastra moebiana, Metapolybia docilis, Mischocyttarus ignotus, M. paulistanus and M. consimilis had not been recorded on recent surveys in the state. Furthermore M. consimilis is a new record for the state. We concluded that, with our data, a relation between the occurrence of social wasps and the surrounding matrix was not detected. © 2011 Getulio Minoru Tanaka Junior and Fernando Barbosa Noll. Laboratório de Vespas Sociais Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica IBILCE-UNESP, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, CEP 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto-SP Departamento de Biologia FFCLRP-USP, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-901 Ribeiro Preto-SP Laboratório de Vespas Sociais Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica IBILCE-UNESP, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, CEP 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto-SP

Diet of the tropical fish Gobioides broussonnetii (Pisces: Gobiidae) at Laguna de Unare, Venezuela. Unare Lagoon is one of the most important fishery coastal ecosystems in Venezuela. For the past 10 years, changes in its hydrological regime have affected the physiochemical characteristics of the water with important consequences on its faunal composition and abundance. An example of such variation is the abundant presence of a fish species, Gobioides broussonnetii, recently registered in this ecosystem. The ecology of this species must be studied to identify new ecological processes occurring in the lagoon. Detritus is the most important component of the G. broussonnetii diet, followed by plant and animal items. The species is a primary detritivorous consumer and this may be associated with its activity pattern (morning): It may be an occasional visitor because it was not captured regularly in the monthly samplings. Rev. Biol. Trop. 54 (4): 1093-1098. Epub 2006 Dec. 15.

Gobioides broussoneti were sampled in Silvena estuary, a branch of the Tecolutla estuary, Veracruz, Mexico, during 2 trips made between February 1998 and June 1999 to evaluate diet and sexual dimorphism. A total of 65 G. broussoneti ranging from 49-401 mm SL (0.7-124.2 g WW) were collected. There was a 1:1.2 sex ratio in favor of females. Seven food types were noted, with filamentous algae (25.4%) and detritus (21.3%) represent- ing the principal food types. A 24 h feeding study revealed that this species feeds continuously throughout the day. The ovaries of all female G. broussoneti contained previtellogenic oocytes, characteristic of immature or regressed fish. In contrast, the lobular testis of the males contained late stages of spermatogenesis, suggesting that the fish examined were at the end of the reproductive season. Sexual dimorphism of G. broussoneti is distinguished by a small urogenital papilla, which is in the ventral region between the anal orifice and the anal fin origin. In the females it is short, blunt and has a yellow coloration; in males it is thin, pointed and has a smooth appearance. Only imma- ture or regressed females were captured during this study indicating that G. broussoneti uses the Tecolutla estuary as a nursery and feeding ground. Questions about reproductive seasonality, ovarian development, and spawning of G. broussoneti need further investigation. RESUMEN Gobioides broussoneti fue muestreado en el estuario Silvena, un brazo del estuario Tecolutla, Veracruz, Mexico, durante 7 muestreos realizados entre febrero de 1998 y junio de 1999, para evaluar la dieta y el dimorfis- mo sexual. Fueron colectados un total de 65 G. broussoneti con tallas de 49-401 mm de longitud estandar y peso entre 0.7 y 124.2 g. Presentaron una proporcion sexual de 1:1.2 a favor de las hembras. Siete tipos alimenticios fueron registrados; las algas filamentosas (25.4 %) y el detritus (21.3 %) representan los principales tipos alimen- ticios; un estudio alimenticio de 24 horas revelo que esta especie se alimenta continuamente a lo largo del dia. Los ovarios de todas las hembras de G. broussoneti contienen ovocitos previtelogenicos, caracteristicos de peces inmaduros o regresados. En contraste, el testiculo lobular de los machos contenia estadios tardios de la esper- matogenesis, sugiriendo que el pez examinado se encontraba al final de la estacion reproductiva. El dimorfismo sex- ual de G. broussoneti se distingue por una pequena papila urogenital, que se encuentra en la region ventral, entre el orificio anal y el origen de la aleta anal. En las hembras esta es corta, achatada y de coloracion amarilla; en machos es delgada, afilada y tiene una apariencia lisa. Estos resultados indican que G. broussoneti utiliza el estuario de Tecolutla como un lugar de crianza y alimentacion, ya que en este estudio solo fueron capturadas hembras inmaduras o regresadas. Cuestionamientos acerca de estacionalidad reproductiva, desarrollo ovarico y desove de G. broussoneti requieren mayor investigacion.

nean. Vol. 3. P. J. P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen, and E. Tortonese, (eds.). UNESCO, Paris. MYERS, G. S. 1936. Review of the fishes of the Pacific Crane Expedition, by Albert W. C. T. Herre. Copeia 1936:128-129. PALMER, G. 1952. Notes on the fishes of the genus Gobioides, with the description of a new species. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 12:50-57. PEZOLD, F. 1993. Evidence for a monophyletic Gobiinae. Copeia 1993:634-643. SAUVAGE, M. H. E. 1880. Description des Gobioides nouveaux ou peu connu de la collection du museum d'histoire naturelle. Bull. Soc. Philomath. ser. 7. 4:40-58.

(1952). VI.—Notes on the fishes of the genus Gobioides with the description of a new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Vol. 5, No. 49, pp. 50-57.

The critical thermal maximum (CTM) and the first equilibrium loss (FEL) of six tropical marine fishes were determined. CTM were Mugil curema (41.4º C), Genres sp. (39.2ºC), Orthopristis ruber (38.7ºC), Archosargus rhomboidalis (39.39ºC), Gobioides sp. (38.6ºC).and Chilomycterus sp (39.3ºC). FEL's were Mugil curema (40.7ºC), Gerres sp. (38.5ºC), Orthopristis ruber (37.2ºC), Gobioides sp. (36.0ºC), and Chilomycterus sp. (38.3ºC). The mean difference between CTM and FEL ranged from 0.93 to 2.66ºC and was significantly different.