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The graphene oxide -TiO2 (GO-TiO2) and pre-reduced graphene oxide -TiO2 (rGO-TiO2) nanocomposites were fabricated successfully by hydrothermal method. The microstructure of synthesized nanocomposites was investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. Moreover, galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods in three electrode system were applied to evaluate electrochemical properties. The FESEM results clearly showed the formation of TiO2 nanoparticles with average particle size of 25 nm on graphene sheets in both samples. The rGO-TiO2 and GOTiO2 nanocomposites showed 224 and 32 F/g specific capacitance at 5 mV s-1 scan rate in 1 M KOH aqueous electrolyte, respectively. The pre-reduction of graphene oxide is the main reason for the better electrochemical performance of rGO-TiO2 compared to GO-TiO2 nanocomposite samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Barium strontium titanate (BST) was prepared via the simple sol-gel method by using tetrabutyl titanate, ethanol, citric acid and ethylene glycol as starting materials. Thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis were used to examine the behaviour of the xerogel. The particle size of BST was approximately 21 nm, as calculated by the X-ray diffraction and confirmed by transition electron microscopy for the calcination temperature of 750 °C. It was found that the particles of BST powders calcined at 750 °C were smaller and more homogeneous and uniform than those obtained at 800 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]