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The Children's Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) is one of the most widely used parent-report questionnaires to comprehensively assess temperament in childhood. The present study was carried out to examine the psychometric properties of the Persian adaptation of the CBQ in a sample of Iranian children. In the current study, parents of 4-6 year-old children (N = 246) completed the standard form of the CBQ as well as Preschool Temperament and Character Inventory (PsTCI). Factor analysis of the CBQ scales showed a three-factor structure and high levels of congruence between the Persian and other versions. The CBQ scales demonstrated adequate internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha values ranging from 0.63 to 0.95. The meaningful associations between CBQ scales and those of the PsTCI provided evidence for the convergent validity of the CBQ. As expected from studies in other countries, the Persian version of the CBQ had good psychometric properties, and the results showed that temperament structures in Iranian samples were similar to those in other cultures in general, although there are some differences, too. Therefore, these findings support the use of this instrument for clinical assessment and research purposes among Iranian children., Author(s): Golnoosh Golmohammadi [sup.1] , Talieh Zarifian [sup.1] , Saeed Qhanbari [sup.2] , Enayatollah Bakhshi [sup.3] , Farhad Sakhai [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.472458.8, 0000 0004 0612 774X, Department of [...]