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Genus Rotundotergum Golovatch, Bouzan & Gallo, gen. nov. Type species: Rotundotergum elevatum sp. nov., by present designation. No other component species. Name. To emphasize the very large and mostly regularly rounded mid-body paraterga, neutral in gender. Diagnosis. A genus of Chelodesmidae that seems to be especially similar to both Eucampesmella Schubart, 1955, with at least 12 species recognized, all in northern and northeastern Brazil, including Bahia (Bouzan et al. 2021b), and Atlantodesmus Hoffman, 2000, with at least six species distributed mostly along the Atlantic coast of Brazil, up to Bahia in the northeast (Hoffman 2000; Bouzan et al. 2017, 2019). All their species are epigean, most show vivid colour patterns, and none has been encountered in caves. All three genera compared share, among other characters, the normal pore formula (5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15–19) and ozopores borne on distinct lateral calluses; the first few postcollum metaterga slightly broader than the following ones; very broad and laterally smooth paraterga; generally smooth metaterga devoid of a distinct transverse sulcus or impression; the presence of pleurosternal carinae; long and simple legs devoid of tibial chelae; a few small ridges traceable on a depressed caudal shelf of ovoid gonopodal apertures (Fig. 9D); sternal rudiments (Fig. 10, st) retained between enlarged gonocoxae (sometimes extended into apicolateral lobes to subtend the robust and untwisted gonopodal telopodites), but, above all, the same basic gonopodal conformation (Figs 9D & 10), including the typical tripartite telopodite (Te), a usual, densely setose and relatively short prefemoral region (Pf) (relative to the acropodite); a prominent, long and fully independent, sometimes branching (Eucampesmella) prefemoral process (PfP); and a bifid acropodite (A) divided near midway into an often smaller and subspiniform solenomere (sl) and a more or less enlarged and sometimes complex end or side branch (= acropodital process, AP). Rotundotergum gen. nov. differs from both Eucampesmella and Atlantodesmus in the mostly clearly upturned paraterga (Fig. 8), vs. declivous, in Atlantodesmus also with angular, mostly sharpened caudal corners; the presence of a weak, but traceable transverse impression on most metaterga; the distinct and brush-like limbus (Fig. 9B), vs. smooth and even; the usual, not especially deep sulcus delimiting the gonopodal prefemoral region devoid of a cingulum distal to it (Fig. 10), vs. strikingly deep in Eucampesmella (Bouzan et al. 2021b) or, a little more distally, supplied with the so-called cingulum demarcating the basal region of the solenomere in Atlantodesmus (Bouzan et al. 2017, 2019); and the prefemoral process unipartite, unciform, particularly strongly removed from, directed clearly caudomesad, and distally not attached to the acropodite (Figs 9D & 10), vs. always suberect and closely attached to the acropodite at least distally (Bouzan et al. 2017, 2019, 2021b). Among both old genera compared above to Rotundotergum gen. nov., so far only Eucampesmella has been assigned to a tribe: Macrocoxodesmini Hoffman, 1990. This tribe is presently composed of only two genera, Macrocoxodesmus Schubart, 1947 and Eucampesmella, being characterized by the presence of trichosteles (= setigerous grains) on the male postfemora and tibiae, the hypertrophied valves of the vulvae, and the unusual curvature of the tracheal apodemes of female leg-pair 2 (Hoffman 1990; Bouzan et al. 2021b). Because these features fail to apply to Rotundotergum gen. nov., the new genus, like many other genera of Chelodesmidae, is bound to remain unassigned to a tribe yet., Published as part of Golovatch, Sergei I., Bouzan, Rodrigo S., Gallo, Jéssica S. & Bichuette, Maria E., 2022, A new genus and two new species of the millipede family Chelodesmidae from Bahia state, northeastern Brazil, including a likely troglobiont (Diplopoda, Polydesmida), pp. 87-104 in Zootaxa 5155 (1) on page 98, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5155.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6669176, {"references":["Bouzan, R. S., Iniesta, L. F. M., Pena-Barbosa, J. P. P. & Brescovit, A. D. (2021 b) Six new species of the widespread Brazilian millipede genus Eucampesmella (Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae). Zoologia, 38, e 66300. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zoologia. 38. e 66300","Hoffman, R. L. (2000) Two new genera of chelodesmid millipeds from southeastern Brazil (Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae). Myriapodologica, 6 (12), 101 - 113. [https: // archive. org / details / biostor- 201409]","Bouzan, R. S., Pena-Barbosa, J. P. P. & Brescovit, A. D. (2017) Taxonomic review of the genus Atlantodesmus Hoffman, 2000 (Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae). Zootaxa, 4236 (2), 269 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4236.2.3","Bouzan, R. S., Iniesta, L. F. M. & Brescovit, A. D. (2019) Cladistic analysis and description of a new species of the Brazilian genus Atlantodesmus Hoffman, 2000 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Chelodesmidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 538, 1 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2019.538"]}

Strongylosomides troglobius Golovatch, Bouzan & Gallo, sp. nov. Figs 4–7 Material examined. Holotype male (LES 0027943), Brazil, Bahia State, São Desidério Municipality, Gruta da Baixa Fria cave, aphotic zone, S12°22’55.6”, W44°56’12.0”, 02.XI.2011, M.E. Bichuette, J.E. Gallão, C.S. Fernandes & D. R. Pedroso leg. Paratypes: 1 male, 2 females (LES 0027944), same place, taken together with holotype. Name. To emphasize the cave-dwelling habits of this species, masculine adjective in genitive case. Diagnosis and affinities. This new Strongylosomides species differs clearly from congeners by the light reddish ochre coloration and a rather fragile body with thin tegument (likely troglomorphisms), combined with the absence of modifications on pregonopodal sterna, and of gonocoxal distodorsal apophyses, but above all, by the prefemoral process (PfP) of the gonotelopodite (Te) being fully coalesced in its basal half with the acropodite (A) and leaving the distal half acuminate and directed caudad (Figs 6 & 7). The light ochre body coloration, as well as gonopodal shape and structure of S. troglobius sp. nov. resemble those of S. stercoriarius (Schubart, 1956), comb. nov., taken from near a cave in Minas Gerais (Schubart 1956), so vividly that both these species are undoubtedly very similar. They share the same, rather troglomorphic light ochre coloration, since both have been collected inside or near a cave, respectively. Both share the presence of male tibial chelae as well. More important, however, is that their gonopods are also very similar (Figs 3A, 6 & 7), the gonocoxae (Cx) being devoid of distodorsal apophyses, the acropodites (A) nearly identical, and the prefemoral processes (PfP) long, sinuous and attenuating distad. The only sharp difference concerns the PfP of S. troglobius sp. nov., which is fused by its basal half to A while its distal part is directed caudad, gradually attenuating and strongly sharpened at the end (Figs 6 & 7), vs. the PfP of S. stercoriarius, comb. nov., being completely free from A (as is typical of the genus, Fig. 3B), ribbon-shaped, clearly sinuous and not so sharp at the end (Figs 3B & C). In other words, we formally propose the following new transfer: Strongylosomides stercoriarius (Schubart, 1956), comb. nov. ex Leptodesmus de Saussure, 1859. Moreover, despite the PfP basal half being conspicuously fused to A in S. troglobius sp. nov., we are inclined to formally assign this species to Strongylosomides, together with and close to S. stercoriarius, comb. nov. As Hoffman (1979) predicted, we can reasonably expect further new species and records of Strongylosomides in the future. Description. Length of adults ca 15–16 mm (males) or 22 mm (females), width of midbody pro- and metazonae 2.0 and 2.3 mm (males), 3.0 and 3.3 mm or 2.5 and 2.8 mm (females), respectively. Coloration of both live and fixed specimens uniformly light reddish ochre; antennae and legs mostly a little lighter, yellow ochre (Figs 4 & 5). Body subcylindrical, with 20 rings (18p+1a+T) (Fig. 4). Tegument mainly poorly shining, texture mostly smooth to very delicately striolate. Head densely pilose all over clypeolabral region, vertex almost bare, epicranial suture faint; isthmus between antennae ca 1.2 times broader than diameter of antennal socket (Fig. 4C). Mouthparts usual, not modified. Antennae relatively short and slender, poorly clavate due to only a slightly enlarged antennomere 6, in situ projecting past ring 3 dorsally (male) or 2 (female); in length, antennomeres 2 = 6> 3 = 4 = 5> 1> 7 (Fig. 4). Genae regularly rounded laterally (Figs 4B & C), incisura lateralis small and round, located beneath antenna; gnathochilarium without peculiarities. In width, head vs. clearly thickened, also increasingly abbreviated, oblong porostele-like calluses caudally on porebearing rings (Figs 4 & 5D). Calluses on paraterga delimited by sulci both dorsally and, in posterior part of body, caudally. Caudal corners of paraterga acutangular and mostly rounded to narrowly rounded, but never drawn past rear tergal margin (Fig. 4). Pore formula normal (5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15–19); ozopores small, located inside ovoid pits a little before caudal corners of paraterga (Figs 4 & 5D). Tergal setae absent, no setation pattern traceable on metaterga. A transverse sulcus or impression on metaterga absent. Stricture between pro- and metazonae distinct, but rather narrow, shallow and smooth. Limbus very thin and entirely smooth. Pleurosternal carinae increasingly low, arcuate, longitudinal ridges or bulges traceable from ring 2 until ring 18 (Figs 4B, C & 5). Epiproct rather long, conical, straight, tip subtruncate; pre-apical papillae small (Fig. 4). Hypoproct roundly subtriangular, sharpened at tip; setigerous papillae at caudal corners small and well separated; sides convex (Fig. 4C). Sterna broad, without notable modifications even before ring 7, nearly glabrous, cross-impressions weak (Fig. 4C). Epigynal ridge very low. Legs relatively short and slender (Figs 4, 5C & D), especially so in female, ca 1.3–1.4 (male) or 0.9–1.0 times (female) as long as midbody height; male legs with chelae (distoventral protrusions on tibiae) gradually disappearing towards ring 14; in length, femur >> prefemur = tarsus> tibia> coxa = postfemur; claw very short (Figs 4, 5C & D). Male gonopores located on distinct, distomesal, subtriangular gonapophyses (Fig. 4C). Gonopodal aperture ovoid, simple, only a little broader than following sterna (Fig. 5C). Gonopods (Figs 5A, B, D, 6 & 7) stout and robust, devoid of sternal rudiments; gonocoxa (Cx) devoid of a distodorsal apophysis, cannula (c) as usual, a thin curved tube, devoid of setae mesally at its base; prefemoral region (Pf) as usual, short, about half as long as an untwisted acropodite (A); caudal prefemoral process (PfP) long, gradually attenuating distad, fused by its basal half to A, its distal half directed caudad, attenuating and strongly sharpened apically (Figs 6 & 7); A laminar and membranous, suberect; seminal groove (Sg) running entirely on mesal side of telopodite (Te), ending up on a short solenomere (sl) opposite a similarly short end branch, or acropodital process (AP) (Fig. 6). Vulvae not studied: one female paratype dissected, but no vulvae found (?underdeveloped). Remarks. Superficially, the gonopodal telopodite of S. troglobius sp. nov. looks uniramous at the base, because the basal half of the prefemoral process (PfP) is tightly appressed to and coalesced with the acropodite (A), the latter branching off at about midway and independent only distally (Fig. 6). However, a closer examination of the PfP shows clear traces (Fig. 7, outlined in red) of the fusion of the PfP base to the acropodite base in all meaningful aspects. This betrays the basic bipartite condition typical of the Chelodesminae gonopod, including Strongylosomides as a genus that remains unassigned to a tribe yet. The absence of a PfP is characteristic of the Prepodesminae (Hoffman & Reid 1990) and several genera of Chelodesminae, both with a definite tribal position (e.g., Telonychopodini) and still not classified in accepted tribes. Among the latter genera, such are, e.g., Cryptosolenomeris Hoffman, 2009, monobasic, with one species from Espírito Santo state, Brazil (Hoffman 2009), or Odontopeltis Pocock, 1894, whose eight presently known species, all in southeastern Brazil (Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro) (Hoffman 1981; Pena-Barbosa et al. 2013), are among the largest in the family (80–107 mm long). However, none of them show a structure resembling a PfP, even such that is fused with discernible traces to the base of the gonopodal acropodite (A). Because both S. troglobius sp. nov. and S. stercoriarius, comb. nov., differ from the remaining congeners by the rather pale coloration (vs. dark), the unmodified pregonopodal sternites 4, 5 and 6 (vs. with paramedian cones), the gonocoxae devoid of distodorsal apophyses (vs. present), the basal course of the seminal groove running closer to the ventral margin of the acropodite (vs. abruptly reflexed dorsad across the prefemoral region and proceeding to the solenomere along the dorsomedian edge of the acropodite), the prefemoral process attenuating, directed caudomesad and sharp at the end (vs. broad and suberect), and the absence of a midway cingulum on the acropodite (vs. often present) (cf. Fig. 3A and Fig. 3B), another separate species-group of Strongylosomides, the stercoriarius - group, seems warranted to encompass both S. troglobius sp. nov. and S. stercoriarius, comb. nov. The latter species thereby clearly bridges S. troglobius sp. nov. to the remaining congeners. The few supposedly troglomorphic traits of S. troglobius sp. nov. alone, the more so as the mouthparts being unmodified, as is sometimes the case in troglobionts, and the antennae and legs relatively short, are certainly not enough for conferring the species the status of a troglobiont. Only direct biological observations will allow for this to be evaluated unequivocally. Even though epigean sampling was conducted on the same day near the cave entrance, with no additional material of S. troglobius sp. nov. revealed, this species was only found inside the cave in the deepest zones. Isolation in the hypogean environment, combined with certain presumably troglomorphic traits such as reduced body pigmentation and a quite fragile body with thin teguments, seems to be evidence of a neotroglobiont status of this species.

Rotundotergum elevatum Golovatch, Bouzan & Gallo, sp. nov. Figs 8–10 Material examined. Holotype male (LES0027945), Brazil, Bahia State, São Desidério Municipality, Gruta Sumidouro do João Baio cave, S12°22’27.6”, W44°53’31.7”, ca 580 m a.s.l., 2.XI.2011, M.E. Bichuette, J.E. Gallão, C.S. Fernandes & D. R. Pedroso leg. Paratypes: 1 male, 2 subadult females (LES0027946), same place, taken together with holotype. Name. To emphasize the mostly upturned paraterga, neuter adjective in genitive case. Diagnosis. Same as for the genus. Description. Length of adults ca 35 mm (male holotype) or 39 mm (male paratype), width of midbody pro- and metazonae 3.0 and 4.7 mm (male holotype) or 3.1 and 5.0 mm (male paratype), respectively. Coloration mostly red-brown (male paratype), light reddish only mid-dorsally in anterior half of body (male holotype) or uniformly beige to light brown (subadult female paratypes), adults with lighter to yellowish antennae, legs, lateral calluses on paraterga, and tip of epiproct (Figs 8, 9A, B, & D). Adult body with 20 rings (18p+1a+T) (Fig. 8). Tegument mainly poorly shining, texture mostly leathery to finely striolate. Head poorly setose over clypeolabral region, vertex bare, epicranial suture evident (Fig. 9C); isthmus between antennae about as wide as diameter of antennal socket (Fig. 8C). Antennae relatively long and slender, poorly clavate due to only a slightly enlarged antennomere 6, in situ projecting past ring 3 dorsally (male) or 2 (subadult female); in length, antennomeres 2 = 5 = 6> 3 = 4> 1> 7 (Fig. 8). Genae subquadrate laterally (Fig. 8), incisura lateralis small and round, located beneath antenna (Fig. 9C, T); gnathochilarium without peculiarities, very densely pilose. In width, head > tarsus> tibia> prefemur = postfemur> coxa; claw short and simple (Fig. 8). Male gonopores located on distinct, distomesal, coniform gonapophyses (Fig. 8C). Gonopodal aperture subcordiform, much broader than following sterna, depressed caudal shelf with a few small and transverse crests (Fig. 9B). Gonopods (Figs 9C, D & 10) stout and mostly robust, with evident sternal rudiments (st) between gonocoxae (Cx); gonocoxa devoid of a distodorsal apophysis, but supplied with a distinct and setose distolateral lobe (lo) subtending the telopodite (Te); cannula (c) as usual, a thin curved tube, devoid of setae mesally at its base; prefemoral region (Pf) as usual, short, about half as long as an untwisted acropodite (A); caudal prefemoral process (PfP) long, slender, unciform, directed unusually strongly mesad and completely separated from A (Fig. 10); A laminar and membranous, suberect; seminal groove (Sg) running entirely on mesal side of Te, ending up on a spiniform solenomere (sl) branching off at A midway opposite a similarly slender and rounded acropodital process (AP), both sl and AP being equal in length (Figs 9D & 10). Remarks. Based on most or much of the body being clearly pigmented, up to red-brown, superficially this species is certainly not more than troglophilic. This only emphasizes the general impression that Chelodesmidae, however diverse and important in the fauna of Brazil, cannot be regarded as typical elements of cave biota., Published as part of Golovatch, Sergei I., Bouzan, Rodrigo S., Gallo, Jéssica S. & Bichuette, Maria E., 2022, A new genus and two new species of the millipede family Chelodesmidae from Bahia state, northeastern Brazil, including a likely troglobiont (Diplopoda, Polydesmida), pp. 87-104 in Zootaxa 5155 (1) on pages 98-101, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5155.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/6669176

Costabolus gen. nov. Type species: Costabolus baculus sp. nov., from Nigeria, by present designation. No other species known. Diagnosis. A tribe of the family Pachybolidae characterized by the following putative apomorphies or synapomorphies: - incisura lateralis closed (Figs 2B, 5D), a synapomorphy shared with Pachybolini (Wesener et al. 2008); - setae on lamellae linguales apical (Figs 2D, 5H), a synapomorphy shared with Pachybolini (Wesener et al. 2008); - vulva subreniform and bivalve (Fig. 7A, B), a synapomorphy shared with Pachybolini (Wesener et al. 2008), but devoid of a central ridge, this being an apparent plesiomorphy. - both posterior gonopods mostly connected by a tiny sternite, each distinctly biarticulate near midlength (Figs 3G–I, 6J–K), telopodite clearly twisted based on a subtransverse course of the seminal groove dividing the coxite and telopodite., Published as part of Golovatch, Sergei & Vandenspiegel, Didier, 2022, Carinobolus gen. nov. and Costabolus gen. nov., two new, remarkably crested monospecific genera of spirobolidan millipedes from WestAfrica, with the proposal of a new tribe, Amblybolini tribus nova (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Pachybolidae), pp. 97-110 in Zootaxa 5150 (1) on page 108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5150.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6610039, {"references":["Wesener, T., Enghoff, H. & Wagele, J. - W. (2008) Pachybolini - a tribe of giant Afrotropical millipedes: arguments for monophyly and the description of a new genus from Madagascar (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Pachybolidae). Invertebrate Systematics, 22, 37 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 07008"]}

Costabolus baculus sp. nov. Figs 4–7 Material examined. Holotype male (with exposed gonopods, body broken into two pieces) (VNHM 198), Nigeria, 27 km NE of Calabar, 20 m inside native forest, 12.VIII.1984, collector unknown. Paratypes: 2 males (VNHM 198), same data as holotype; 1 female (VMNH 154), Nigeria, 27 km NE Calabar (Ekang road), under logs on fairly dry soil in new canopy forest farmed to young maize, 28.IV.1984, collector unknown; 1 male, 1 female (VMHN 199), Nigeria, 27 km N of Calabar, between trees, native forest, 20 m off logging road, 12.VIII.1984, collector unknown. Name. Baculus in Latin means “crutch”, referring to the long coxal processes on male legs 2 and 3; a noun in apposition. Diagnosis. Basically as in the genus. Body short, up to 27 mm long, with 38 body rings plus telson, metazonae with simple longitudinal crests/ribs, epiproct slightly projecting caudally. Male with tarsal pads and prominent coxal projections on leg-pairs 2 and 3. Description. Measurements: male holotype with 39 body rings (38 + telson), ca 27 mm long, 3 mm wide. Paratypes, both male and female, same as holotype. Coloration faded in alcohol, but a darker pattern still visible dorsally and laterally, yellowish ventrally. Head, ommatidia and anterior part of collum dark brown, antennae, legs and telson yellowish (Fig. 4). Head capsule with an axial suture, this being especially distinct on labrum; ca 22 ommatidia located in an irregular oval cluster (Fig. 5A). Labrum as usual, with three irregular teeth and a single row of 12 stout marginal setae. Clypeus with two setiferous foveolae on each side (Fig. 5E). Incisura lateralis closed (Fig. 5A, D). Antennal cavity/groove present, length of antennae ca 1.3 mm; antennae shorter than body diameter. Relative lengths of antennomeres: 3=4=5 Gnathochilarium as usual, of spirobolidan conformation. Stipites separated in basal portion, each bearing three apical setae, but no setae on ventral surface. Lamellae linguales separated by anterior portion of mentum, each with two usual setae located behind one another; mentum without a large swollen area apically between both lamellae linguales, subdivided basally by a well-marked suture (Fig. 5H). Mandible: external tooth (et) prominent, inner tooth (it) with three smaller inner teeth, a thin lateral tooth (lt), six rows of pectinate lamellae (pl), molar plate (mp) with five transverse furrows (Fig. 5F, G). Collum with a prominent groove along anterior margin, lateroventral margin broadly rounded, not extending ventrad as far as ventrolateral corner of body ring 2 (Fig. 5I). Body rings: Metazonae heavily crested (Fig. 5J–L); mesozonae with longitudinal impressions, these being especially distinct ventrally (Fig. 5K), caudal fringe/limbus membranous, with very small and regularly spaced spinicles (Fig. 5L). Pre-anal ring with a small dorsal tip of epiproct overhanging the paraprocts (Figs 4A, 5M); hypoproct rounded; paraprocts (anal valves) well-rounded and devoid of spines or setae (Fig. 5M). Posterior margin of paraprocts in lateral view without distinct lips (Fig. 5M). Ozopores (oz) starting with body ring 6. Legs: Midbody legs ca 1.4 mm long, with prefemur longer than coxa and as long as the other podomeres; with small tarsal pads (pa) (Fig. 5O, P). Male tarsi 3 up to midbody legs with a small tarsal pad not protruding past base of claw, and with a pair of setiform apical spines (Fig. 6D). Male leg-pairs 1, 2 and 3 modified, coxae 1 fused medially at base only, each prefemur 2 with a well-developed, unciform, basal projection (hp) (Fig. 6B, C), each coxa 3 with a long and spoon-shaped coxal process (cp), this being almost as long as the leg itself (Fig. 6B, D). Anterior gonopods stout and relatively simple (Fig. 6E–I); sternite (st) produced into a wide, broadly rounded lobe, bearing clear traces of axial fusion (Fig. 6E); coxite (cx1) subtending much of anterior gonopods; telopodites basically 2-segmented, each consisting of a smaller, roundish, apically flattened, basal telopoditomere (t1) with a very small, accessory, subtriangular segment at base (Fig. 6H, I), and a much larger, lobe-shaped, distal telopoditomere (t2). Posterior gonopods (Fig. 6J, K, pg in H) in situ almost completely concealed inside anterior gonopods, clearly divided into a slender coxite (cx2) and a shorter telopodite (tl), both being slender (Fig. 6J) and connected by a tiny triangular sternite. Telopodite consisting of two components: (1) a median membranous area, and (2) a lateral sclerotized area. Sperm channel running at mesal margin of coxite through telopodite’s membranous area, ending up subapically on a rudimentary solenomere (sl) (Fig. 6J, K). Paratypes. Males as holotype. Female similar in size and appearance to males, but devoid of prefemoral or coxal projections on leg-pairs 2 and 3, respectively. Vulva simple, consisting of two simple, sclerotized plates, bivalve-like and subequal in size (Fig. 7). Both coxite (cxv) and operculum (o) of vulva very small and inconspicuous. Both valves only basally with one row of setae directed towards the opening. Anterior valve (av) slightly larger than posterior one (pv) (Fig. 7).

Amblybolini new tribe Type genus: Amblybolus Keeton, 1964a = Tonkouibolus Demange & Mauriès 1975a, synonymized by Hoffman (1979). Type species: Amblybolus mitis Keeton, 1964b, from Mount Coffee and Bushrod Island near Monrovia, Liberia (Keeton 1964b), by monotypy., Published as part of Golovatch, Sergei & Vandenspiegel, Didier, 2022, Carinobolus gen. nov. and Costabolus gen. nov., two new, remarkably crested monospecific genera of spirobolidan millipedes from WestAfrica, with the proposal of a new tribe, Amblybolini tribus nova (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Pachybolidae), pp. 97-110 in Zootaxa 5150 (1) on page 107, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5150.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6610039, {"references":["Keeton, W. T. (1964 a) Amblybolus genus nov. Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Trigoniuloidea, Pilot Register of Zoology, 1964, Card 5.","Demange, J. - M. & Mauries, J. - P. (1975 a) Myriapodes - Diplopodes des monts Nimba et Tonkoui (Cote d'Ivoire, Guinee) recoltes par M. Lamotte et ses collaborateurs en 1942 a 1960. Etude systematique, Caracterisation des Diopsiulides africains, Revision des Trachystreptini, Essai de classification des Cordyloporidae. Annales du Musee Royal de l'Afrique centrale, serie-in 8 o, Sciences zoologiques, 212, i - viii + 1 - 192.","Hoffman, R. L. (1979) Studies on spiroboloid millipedes. XII. The status of Spirobolus noronhensis Pocock, 1890, and some related species (Pachybolidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91 (4), 929 - 935. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / part / 45712","Keeton, W. T. (1964 b) Amblybolus mitis species nov. Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Trigoniuloidea, Pilot Register of Zoology, 1964, Card 6."]}

Carinobolus complex sp. nov. Figs 1–3 Material examined. Holotype male (NHMD), southeastern NIGERIA, 56 km from Calabar, 13.VI.1963, collector unknown. Paratypes: 1 male, 1 female (NHMD), 1 male (SEM, RMCA), same data as holotype. Name. Complex, a noun in apposition referring to the particularly complex anterior gonopods. Diagnosis. Basically as in the genus. Body short, up to 26 mm long, with 38 body rings plus telson. Metazonae bimodally crested, epiproct slightly projecting caudally. Tarsal pads present, coxal projections absent. Legs and antennae short. Anterior gonopods particularly complex, multiramous, rather palm-shaped, with a paramedian pair of antero-apical processes and a two-segmented telopodite. Description. Measurements: male holotype with 39 body rings (38 + telson), ca 26 mm long, 3 mm wide. Male paratypes same as holotype; female paratype slightly longer than male (ca 28 mm long), broken into several pieces. Coloration faded in alcohol, but two darker stripes still visible on each side of body. Head, antennae, legs and telson slightly brownish, ommatidia and medial part of frons dark brown (Fig. 1). Head capsule with a median suture, this being especially distinct on labrum; ca 20 ommatidia located in an irregular oval cluster (Fig. 2B). Labrum as usual, with three irregular teeth and a single row of 10–12 stout marginal setae. Clypeus with two setiferous foveolae on each side (Fig. 2A). Incisura lateralis closed (Fig. 2B). Antennal cavity/groove present, antennae shorter than body diameter. Relative lengths of antennomeres: 3=4=5Gnathochilarium as usual, of spirobolidan conformation. Stipites separated in basal portion, each bearing three apical setae, but not setose on ventral surface. Lamellae linguales separated by anterior portion of mentum (Fig. 2D), each with two usual setae located behind one another, mentum devoid of a large swollen area apically between both lamellae linguales, but subdivided basally by a well-marked suture (Fig. 2D). Mandible: external tooth (et) large and prominent, inner tooth (it) with three smaller inner teeth, a thin lateral tooth (lt), five rows of pectinate lamellae (pl), molar plate (mp) with a few (2–3) transverse furrows (Fig. 2E–G). Collum, with a prominent groove along anterior margin, lateroventral margin broadly rounded, not extending ventrad as far as ventrolateral corner of body ring 2 (Fig. 2H). Body rings: Metazonae heavily crested/ribbed, crests being bimodal, slightly, but clearly concave in the middle (Figs 1A, B, 2H–K, M, N); mesozonae with longitudinal impressions, these being especially clearly visible ventrally; pre-anal ring with dorsal tip of epiproct clearly overhanging the paraprocts (Fig. 2K); hypoproct rounded; anal valves well-rounded and devoid of spines or setae. Posterior margin of paraprocts in lateral view without distinct lips (Figs 1D, 2L). Ozopores (oz) small and inconspicuous, starting with ring 6 (Fig. 2I), suture between putative pleurotergite and sternite visible. Pleurotergal tips of body ring 2 gaping ventrally, not connected to sternite; pleurotergal tips of body ring 3 fused to sternite and forming a complete ring. Pleurotergal tips of male body ring 7 fused ventrally. Limbus membranous, overtopped by a row of short, parallel and regularly spaced spinicles (Fig. 2O). Legs: Male leg-pairs 1 and 2 modified, coxae of legs 1 fused medially at base only, each prefemur of legs 2 with a small, unciform, basal projection (Fig. 3C, hp). Midbody legs ca 0.5 x body diameter, with coxa as long as the other podomeres. Tarsus ventrally with three pairs of spines and apically with a pair of setiform spines (Fig. 3B). Male tarsi 3 up to midbody legs with a tarsal pad not protruding past base of claw (Fig. 3B, pa). Tarsal claw of male leg pair 1 normal in size, subequal to tarsal claws of postgonopodal legs (Fig. 3A, B). Anterior gonopods (Fig. 3D–F) especially complex, clearly branched; sternite (st) elongated into a triangular process with a blunt tip; a paramedian pair of slender, membranous, acuminate, antero-apical processes (ap); coxite (cx1) subtending much of anterior gonopods; telopodites 2-segmented, each consisting of a smaller, roundish, basal telopoditomere (t1) and a much larger, higher, complex, lobe-shaped, distal telopoditomere (t2). Posterior gonopods (Fig. 3G–I) connected by a small, triangular, sclerotized sternite (st), clearly and rather regularly curved, slender, 2-segmented, both segments (a thicker and slightly longer coxite (cx2) and a more slender and shorter telopodite (tl) distinctly separated near midway subtransversely by a deep seminal groove; a rudimentary solenomere (sl) subapically. Sperm channel running at mesal margin of coxite through telopodite’s subapical part (Fig. 3I). Vulvae in the single female missing (apparently, removed and lost by Richard L. Hoffman at VNHM)., Published as part of Golovatch, Sergei & Vandenspiegel, Didier, 2022, Carinobolus gen. nov. and Costabolus gen. nov., two new, remarkably crested monospecific genera of spirobolidan millipedes from WestAfrica, with the proposal of a new tribe, Amblybolini tribus nova (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Pachybolidae), pp. 97-110 in Zootaxa 5150 (1) on pages 99-102, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5150.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6610039

Key to the accepted four genera of Amblybolini tribus nova: 1(2) Metazonae smooth, only slightly vaulted at most............................................................. 3 2(1) Metazonae strongly carinate (Figs 1 and 4)................................................................. 5 3(4) Antennal groove/cavity below eyes shallow. Posterior gonopods suberect, devoid of a central sternal rudiment.... Amblybolus 4(3) Antennal groove/cavity below eyes very deep and clear-cut. Posterior gonopods strongly curved and showing a small, but distinct, central, sternal rudiment................................................................ Atlanticobolus 5(6) Metatergal crests simple, even, not concave in the middle. Prominent prefemoral or coxal protuberances present on male legs 2 and 3, respectively. Anterior gonopods subtriangular in overall shape (Figs 4–7).................. Costabolus gen. nov. 6(5) Metatergal crests bimodal, slightly, but clearly concave in the middle. Male legs 2 and 3 devoid of prefemoral or coxal protuberances. Anterior gonopods more complex and palm-shaped in overall shape (Figs 1–3).............. Carinobolu s gen. nov., Published as part of Golovatch, Sergei & Vandenspiegel, Didier, 2022, Carinobolus gen. nov. and Costabolus gen. nov., two new, remarkably crested monospecific genera of spirobolidan millipedes from WestAfrica, with the proposal of a new tribe, Amblybolini tribus nova (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Pachybolidae), pp. 97-110 in Zootaxa 5150 (1) on page 108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5150.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6610039

Atlanticobolus Hoffman, 1979 Type species: Spirobolus noronhensis Pocock, 1890, from Ilha Fernando de Noronha, Brazil (Pocock 1890), by subsequent designation (Hoffman 1979). No other species known., Published as part of Golovatch, Sergei & Vandenspiegel, Didier, 2022, Carinobolus gen. nov. and Costabolus gen. nov., two new, remarkably crested monospecific genera of spirobolidan millipedes from WestAfrica, with the proposal of a new tribe, Amblybolini tribus nova (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Pachybolidae), pp. 97-110 in Zootaxa 5150 (1) on page 107, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5150.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/6610039, {"references":["Hoffman, R. L. (1979) Studies on spiroboloid millipedes. XII. The status of Spirobolus noronhensis Pocock, 1890, and some related species (Pachybolidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91 (4), 929 - 935. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / part / 45712","Pocock, R. I. (1890) Notes on the zoology of Fernando Noronha. Crustacea and Myriapoda. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 20, 506 - 526. [http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / oai]"]}

Golovatch, Sergei, Vandenspiegel, Didier (2022): Carinobolus gen. nov. and Costabolus gen. nov., two new, remarkably crested monospecific genera of spirobolidan millipedes from WestAfrica, with the proposal of a new tribe, Amblybolini tribus nova (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Pachybolidae). Zootaxa 5150 (1): 97-110, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5150.1.5

Moojenodesmus schubarti Golovatch & Gallo, sp. nov. Figs 11 & 12 Material examined. Holotype male (LES 0027864), Brazil, Bahia State, Iuiu Municipality, near Lapa do Baixão, epigean, S14°26’07.4”, W43°37’27.6”, 8.XII.2013, M. E. Bichuette & J. E. Gallão leg. Paratypes: 1 male (ZMUM), 1 female (LES 0027865), same locality, taken together with holotype. Name. To honour Otto Schubart (1900–1962), one of the leading specialists in the systematics of Diplopoda of the time globally, Nestor of diplopodology in Brazil, and the author of the genus. Being resident of Brazil since 1933, he made particularly numerous and profound contributions to the millipede fauna of that country (Lindner et al. 2012). Diagnosis. Differs from congeners by 20 body rings in both sexes, the presence of a strong median hump (h) above the antennae on the male head, coupled with a particularly simple gonopodal telopodite divided into two parts only: a prominent, rounded and slightly higher lateral lobe (= exomere, ex) and a barely discernible mesal solenomere (sl) (Fig. 12B, D). Description. Length ca 3.5 mm (male holo- and paratype) or 3.8 mm (female paratype), width of midbody pro- and metazonae 0.7 and 0.8 mm (male, female), respectively. Coloration entirely pallid (Fig. 11). Body with 20 rings (male, female). Tegument mainly dull, at most slightly shining, texture very delicately alveolate and scaly. Head densely pilose throughout; epicranial suture faint; isthmus between antennae ca 1.2 times broader than antennal socket (Fig. 11C). A strong, median, rounded, bare hump (h) above antennae on male head (Fig. 11B), but female head regularly convex, not modified. Antennae very short, strongly clavate due to a considerably enlarged antennomere 6, slightly produced past ring 2 (male) or collum (female) dorsally; in length, antennomere 6> 2 = 3 = 5> 4> 7> 1 (Figs 11A–C); antennomere 6 with a large, compact, roundish, distodorsal group of bacilliform sensilla; a smaller distodorsal group of similar, but shorter sensilla present also on antennomere 5; a few minute distodorsal sensilla discernible on antennomere 4 as well (Fig. 11A–C). Genae regularly rounded (Fig. 11A, C), gnathochilarium without peculiarities. In width, collum = ring 3 sl) lying mesal to a prominent, round, lobe-shaped exomere (ex). Remarks. This species is a typical, very small, epigean Moojenodesmus, the first to be recorded from Bahia. Like some of its congeners, this new species is amongst the smallest Polydesmida on Earth. Thus, the relatively widespread, eurytopic, apparently mass and at least partly parthenogeneric M. pumilus Schubart, 1944 is only ca 2.0–2.2 (male) to 2.1–3.2 (female) mm long and has 19 (male) or 20 (female) body rings (Golovatch 1992). Furthermore, based on the gonopodal conformation alone, M. pumilus fails to differ from M. pygmaeus Schubart, 1945, the type species that seems to be bisexual and has only 18 body rings in both sexes (Schubart 1944, 1945; Golovatch 1992). The situation thus strongly resembles that concerning another minute polydesmidan, Ammodesmus congoensis VandenSpiegel & Golovatch, 2015, a tiny member of the Afrotropical family Ammodesmidae, superfamily Pyrgodesmoidea, which is only 1.5–2.1 mm long and has either 18 or 19 body rings in both sexes (VandenSpiegel & Golovatch 2015). This suggests that either Moojenodesmus pygmaeus and M. pumilus are indeed different species distinguished morphologically only through a lesser number of body rings in the former species or, this being not less likely now, both actually represent a single species, M. pumilus by priority, that shows intraspecific variations in body segment counts like those already confirmed in Ammodesmus congoensis. Further studies are necessary, especially molecular-based ones, to solve the riddle. Whether such variations are related to body miniaturization or parthenogenesis, or both, is likewise open to question yet., Published as part of Golovatch, Sergei I., Gallo, Jéssica S. & Bichuette, Maria E., 2022, Two new species of the millipede family Trichopolydesmidae from Bahia state northeastern Brazil, including a remarkable threatened troglobiont (Diplopoda, Polydesmida), pp. 419-437 in Zootaxa 5115 (3) on pages 432-433, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5115.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/6358479, {"references":["Lindner, E. N., Reip, H. S., Spelda, J., Decker, P. & Voigtlander, K. (2012) Dr. Otto Schubart (17 February 1900 - 8 November 1962) - Zum 50. Todestag. Schubartiana, 5, 1 - 40. [https: // www. researchgate. net / publication / 266614489 _ Dr _ Otto _ Schubart _ 17 _ Februar _ 1900 _ - _ 8 _ November _ 1962 _ - _ Zum _ 50 _ Todestag / link / 54379 ceb 0 cf 2 d 5 fa 292 b 46 da / download]","Schubart, O. (1944) Os diplopodos de Pirassununga. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 2, 321 - 440.","Golovatch, S. I. (1992) Review of the Neotropical fauna of the millipede family Fuhrmannodesmidae, with the description of four new species from near Manaus, Central Amazonia, Brazil (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Amazoniana, 12 (2), 207 - 226.","Schubart, O. (1945) Os Proterospermophora do Distrito Federal (Myriapoda, Diplopoda). Arquivos do Museu National, 38, 1 - 156.","VandenSpiegel, D. & Golovatch, S. I. (2015) A new millipede of the family Ammodesmidae found in central Africa (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). ZooKeys, 483, 1 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 483.9150"]}

Genus Moojenodesmus Schubart, 1945 Type species: Moojenodesmus pygmaeus Schubart, 1945, from Brazil, by original designation. Other species included: M. angulifer (Peters, 1864) sensu Carl, 1914, from Colombia, M. armatus (Kraus, 1959) and M. polydesmoides (Kraus, 1960), both from Peru, M. arenicola Golovatch, 2001, M. bethaniae Golovatch, 1992, M. irmgardae Golovatch, 1992, M. susannae Golovatch, 1992 and M. wellingtoni Golovatch, 1994, all from the environs of Manaus, Brazil, as well as M. pumilus Schubart, 1944, from several states of Brazil (Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Amazônia). Because a key exists only to most species occurring near Manaus (Golovatch 1994), all other relevant descriptions must be consulted for morphological comparisons (Carl 1914; Schubart 1944, 1945; Kraus 1959, 1960; Golovatch 2001). Diagnosis. One of the most advanced genera of Trichopolydesmidae with an extremely deeply excavate and strongly enlarged, often transverse gonopodal coxites that form together a very prominent gonocoel cavity which conceals and protects usually rather complex, subtransverse and medially swollen telopodites, uni- to tripartite (including a more or less distinct, mesal, solenomere branch), held parallel to each other (Golovatch 1992, 1994, 2001). This condition is deemed to represent one of the most advanced in the gonopodal evolution of Neotropical Trichopolydesmidae compared to the developments observed in most of the remaining eight genera that occur in the region (Golovatch 1992, 1994; Golovatch & Wytwer 2004)., Published as part of Golovatch, Sergei I., Gallo, Jéssica S. & Bichuette, Maria E., 2022, Two new species of the millipede family Trichopolydesmidae from Bahia state northeastern Brazil, including a remarkable threatened troglobiont (Diplopoda, Polydesmida), pp. 419-437 in Zootaxa 5115 (3) on page 430, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5115.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/6358479, {"references":["Schubart, O. (1945) Os Proterospermophora do Distrito Federal (Myriapoda, Diplopoda). Arquivos do Museu National, 38, 1 - 156.","Carl, J. (1914) Die Diplopoden von Columbien nebst Beitragen zur Morphologie der Stemmatoiuliden. Memoires de la Societe neuchateloise des Sciences naturelles, 5, 821 - 993.","Kraus, O. (1959) Myriapoden aus Peru, VII. Senckenbergiana biologica, 40 (3 / 4), 191 - 208.","Kraus, O. (1960) Myriapoden aus Peru, IX. Senckenbergiana biologica, 41 (3 / 4), 241 - 264.","Golovatch, S. I. (2001) Two new polydesmoid millipedes from a whitesand forest area near Manaus, Central Amazonia, Brazil (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Pyrgodesmidae, Fuhrmannodesmidae). Arthropoda Selecta, 10 (1), 27 - 30. [https: // kmkjournals. com / upload / PDF / ArthropodaSelecta / 10 / 10 _ 1 % 20027 _ 030 % 20 Golovatch. pdf]","Golovatch, S. I. (1992) Review of the Neotropical fauna of the millipede family Fuhrmannodesmidae, with the description of four new species from near Manaus, Central Amazonia, Brazil (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Amazoniana, 12 (2), 207 - 226.","Golovatch, S. I. (1994) Further new Fuhrmannodesmidae from the environs of Manaus, Central Amazonia, Brazil, with a revision of Cryptogonodesmus Silvestri, 1898 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Amazoniana, 13 (1 - 2), 131 - 161.","Schubart, O. (1944) Os diplopodos de Pirassununga. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 2, 321 - 440.","Golovatch, S. I. & Wytwer, J. (2004) The South American millipede genus Phaneromerium Verhoeff, 1941, with the description of a new cavernicolous species from Brazil (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Fuhrmannodesmidae). Annales Zoologici, 54 (3), 511 - 514. [https: // www. researchgate. net / publication / 233589098 _ The _ South _ American _ millipede _ genus _ Phaneromerium _ Verhoeff _ 1941 _ with _ the _ description _ of _ a _ new _ cavernicolous _ species _ from _ Brazil _ Diplopoda _ Polydesmida _ Fuhrmannodesmidae]"]}

Pandirodesmus disparipes Silvestri, 1932 Fig. 5. Pandirodesmus disparipes Silvestri 1932: 11, fig. 1���5. Attems 1940: 484, fig. 682���683. Jeekel 1963 (list): 5. Adis and Golovatch 2000 (text): 97���105, fig. 1���18. Golovatch and Kime 2009 (text), fig. 3. Shelley & Smith 2015 (text): 4. Type specimens. Holotype female, supposed to have been returned to AMNH, but lost or misplaced, according to Adis and Golovatch (2000), and Shelley and Smith (2015). Paratype subadult female, in AMNH. Distribution: Known only from west-central Guyana., Published as part of Vandenspiegel, Didier, Golovatch, Sergei I. & Rutherford, Mike G., 2022, The millipede genus Pandirodesmus Silvestri, 1932 in Trinidad and Tobago, Caribbean, with the description of P. jaggernauthi sp. nov. from Trinidad (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Chelodesmidae, Pandirodesmini), pp. 567-576 in Zootaxa 5104 (4) on page 569, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6332207, {"references":["Silvestri, F. (1932) A new and extraordinary genus of the diplopod family, Polydesmidae, from British Guiana. American Museum Novitates, 564, 1 - 12.","Attems, C. (1940) Myriapoda 3, Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Peridontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae. Das Tierreich, 70, 1 - 576 + i - xxxii. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / 9783111609645","Adis, J. & Golovatch, S. I. (2000) Notes on the unique structure of the spiracles and legs in Pandirodesmus disparipes Silvestri, 1932 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Chelodesmidae) with possible implications concerning its mode of life. Fragmenta Faunistica, 43 (9), 97 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 00159301 FF 2000.43.9.097","Shelley, R. M. & Smith, J. M. (2015) The enigmatic milliped genus Pandirodesmus Silvestri 1932 and description of a new species from Tobago represented by males (Polydesmida: Leptodesmidea: Chelodesmidae: Chelodesminae: Pandirodesmini). Insecta Mundi, 0444, 1 - 15."]}

Genus Pandirodesmus Silvestri, 1932 Type species: Pandirodesmus disparipes Silvestri, 1932 Other species included: Pandirodesmus rutherfordi Shelley & Smith, 2015 Pandirodesmus jaggernauthi sp. nov. Diagnosis (modified after Shelley and Smith (2015)) A genus of small bodied Chelodesminae characterized by a lightly sclerotized, smooth, greyish-white exoskeleton and alternating long and short legs, exposed parts usually covered with densely cemented, but loosely attached sand grains imparting a dark beige to black coloration and concealing setae. Metaterga narrow, without sulci, each with a pair of moderately large, subconical/digitiform projections, ozopores opening subapically on some of the latter. Paraterga absent. Spiracles opening apically on slender, inconspicuous tubules narrowly segregated from, and slightly shorter than, adjacent coxae. Anterior (longer) segmental legs arising ventrolaterad, posterior (shorter) legs arising submediad, anterior halves of sterna thus broader than caudal halves; leg lengths alternating along most of body length, posterior pair ~2/3 as long as anterior on segments 5–18; femora and tarsi substantially longer than remaining podomeres on all legs, postfemora short, swollen and nodular, articulating extremities of tibiae and tarsi also swollen and nodular. Claws absent from legs 1–3, narrow and “pin-like” on remaining legs, surrounded and overhung by long, filiform setae, those on coxae to proximal end of tarsi apically ramose and dendritic. Gonopods minute; coxae without apophyses, joined by a strong and distinct sternum; telopodite triramous, prefemoral process (medialmost) expanded, folded, and laminate, partly enveloping other branches, primary branch (lateralmost) long, curving broadly mediad and partly overhanging other branches, divided distad into a medial solenomere and a subequal tibiotarsus; secondary (inner) branch suberect, narrowing and expanding all along, but tip bilobed. Prostatic groove opening apically on solenomere. Distribution. Guyana, Trinidad & Tobago (Fig. 5)., Published as part of Vandenspiegel, Didier, Golovatch, Sergei I. & Rutherford, Mike G., 2022, The millipede genus Pandirodesmus Silvestri, 1932 in Trinidad and Tobago, Caribbean, with the description of P. jaggernauthi sp. nov. from Trinidad (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Chelodesmidae, Pandirodesmini), pp. 567-576 in Zootaxa 5104 (4) on pages 568-569, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6332207, {"references":["Silvestri, F. (1932) A new and extraordinary genus of the diplopod family, Polydesmidae, from British Guiana. American Museum Novitates, 564, 1 - 12.","Shelley, R. M. & Smith, J. M. (2015) The enigmatic milliped genus Pandirodesmus Silvestri 1932 and description of a new species from Tobago represented by males (Polydesmida: Leptodesmidea: Chelodesmidae: Chelodesminae: Pandirodesmini). Insecta Mundi, 0444, 1 - 15."]}

Pandirodesmus rutherfordi Shelley & Smith, 2015 Figs 1B, 2, 5. Type specimens: holotype males (FSCA); paratypes 5 adult male, 2 subadult males, 1 female (5 adult male, 2 subadult male, 1 female (AMNH, FSCA, NCS, UWIZM) N of Charlotteville, Pirate’s Bay Trail, 11.3313 °, - 60.5482 °, 10.VI.2013, M. G. Rutherford leg.; ?? paratypes (FSCA, NCSM, UWIZM) same locality as previous, 24.VI.2012, M. G. Rutherford leg.. Material examined: 2 males, 2 females, 2 juveniles, all topotypes (FSCA), TOBAGO, Flagstaff Hill Trail, 11.3337 °, -60.5383 °, 19.IIX.2015, M. G. Rutherford leg.