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Objectives: Despite the growing interest on the Russian-Ukrainian war and its repercussion on the children's health, there is no previous systematic review compiling the current evidence on this topic. This study conducted a rapid systematic review to investigate the current findings concerning the impact of the Ukraine war on the social and health aspects of the Ukrainian pediatric population. Methods: A rapid systematic review was conducted. PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Virtual Health Library (BVS Spain) were searched between February and April 2023. In addition, high-impact journals and institutions focused on pediatric health and human rights were also consulted. All relevant original articles, letters, editorials, and policy papers assessing the health and social repercussions of the war on Ukrainian children were included. Results: From 134 publications matching the search criteria, 23 were included. These publications were categorized into three distinct domains: ‘Public health challenges for the physical and mental health of children and adolescents’, ‘Lack of Healthcare resources and initiatives to mitigate suffering’, and ‘Policies, Government, and Children's rights’. Our findings revealed that the war is seriously impacting the life and the health of Ukrainian children, resulting in worse physical and mental health outcomes and perpetrating a deprived situation. To overcome such problems, several initiatives have been proposed by European and non-European countries, relying mostly on receiving refugees, providing mental health support, complementing lack of resources, and establishing policies to improve health care. Conclusion: It could help health professionals, policy makers, and governments to plan preventive, promotive, and therapeutic strategies for Ukrainian children.

The experience of menstruation is often associated with negative connotations and gender stereotypes, which results in making it invisible. This research aimed to explore the perceptions, beliefs, and knowledge of young Spanish women regarding the menstrual cycle and menstruation and their impact on their lives. The study delves into their understanding, menstrual management practices, the types of menstrual products employed, and their experiences related to menstrual health. Qualitative methodology was used with discussion groups as a data collection technique. The participants comprised 45 young Spanish women, aged between 18 and 23, hailing from both rural and urban areas. The majority were university students, with some engaged in part-time work, and one participant working full-time. While many experienced menstrual pain ranging from mild to debilitating, a normalization of this pain often led them to forego seeking specialist assistance. Disposable menstrual products (DMPs) are the most used by participants, despite limited awareness of their absorption capacity. Regarding reusable menstrual products (RMPs), menstrual cup users emphasized comfort but expressed a need for proper training. Negative menstruation experiences could evoke fear and difficulties, underscoring the importance of providing comprehensive menstrual health education encompassing both theoretical and practical components.

This study aims to investigate the current evidence for the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in fibromyalgia (FM). A systematic review was conducted searching for PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and Web of Science databases. Randomized controlled trials published up to December 2023 in peer-reviewed journals were included. Methodological quality was assessed by the Quality Assessment of Controlled Intervention Studies tool. A total of 216 articles were identified and 15 constituted the final sample. The type of CAM most used was traditional Chinese medicine (60%), and the most common instrument used was the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (60%). Our review was grouped into four themes based on the origin of the therapies: 1) Traditional Chinese Medicine; 2) Japanese natural harmonization (eg, Reiki); 3) Ayurvedic Medicine; and 4) Other nondrug therapies. Our systematic review showed that there is a wide range of CAMs used to treat FM. Most of the clinical trials have shown significant results for the effectiveness of these interventions in both physical and mental health outcomes of FM as compared to control groups. However, the heterogeneity of the interventions and outcomes warrants further studies on this topic.

The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of Confucianism on health behaviors, health outcomes and medical decisions. The research was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINHAL, PsycINFO and Web of Science, without restrictions of language and year of publication. The search process identified 833 publications matching the search criteria, and after the review process, 40 articles were included. Family is a central aspect of Confucianism, and it seems to affect participation in medical decisions, taking care of relatives, ethical dilemmas and mental health problems. Although most Confucianist influence seems to be positive, some ways of thinking could increase suffering, burnout and a delay in healthcare seeking. Understanding these values could help health professionals to deal with the growing contingent of patients with different cultures and religious beliefs.

Background: For school medical services and the staff responsible for sex education for adolescents, it is important to understand the factors that may influence gender violence. The aim of this study is to determine whether the presence of sexist attitudes, double standards and/or romantic myths contributes to the risk of gender violence. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at five secondary schools in the province of Malaga (Spain). In total, 879 adolescents aged 12-18 years were included, studying years 1-4 of compulsory secondary education. Their attitudes were measured on the following scales: Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI), Double Standard Scale (DSS) and Romantic Love Myths Scale (EMA). Results: Significant differences were observed among the age/year groups for the mean scores obtained on each of the above scales (DSS, p < 0.01; EMA, p < 0.01; ASI, p < 0.01). By gender, the boys recorded higher scores for ASI and lower ones for DSS (p < 0.01). The Spearman's rho value revealed significant relationships between the presence of sexual double standards and that of romantic myths and ambivalent attitudes (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Adolescents commonly express romantic love myths, sexist attitudes and sexual double standards. These three factors, which are significantly correlated, influence the presence of violence in dating relationships.

This article aims to explore the food patterns of Chinese immigrants living in Spain and to understand the factors associated with these behaviors. This qualitative ethnographic study included 133 Chinese immigrants; using interviews with scripts were based on the National Health Survey of Spain. Three categories were defined: “Differences between Chinese food and Western food”; “Products and dishes consumed by Chinese immigrants” and “Modification of eating habits”. Participants found a remarkable difference between eastern (i.e., vegetables and rice) and western (i.e., dairy, high-fat, bread) foods. They also experienced a change in their eating habits, mostly related to acculturation and lack of time. Chinese immigrants have different eating patterns as compared to the native population in Spain and this information could help in future healthcare strategies. Knowing the food culture could infer aspects, such as insertion or integration, and promoting health and well-being.

Background: Pregnancies that follow perinatal loss are often associated with mental health disorders, which are not usually treated or even identified. Objectives: The main study aim is to identify the prevalence of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and complicated perinatal grief at different stages of pregnancy following a prior gestational loss. Methods: This descriptive longitudinal study will be conducted with a twelve-month follow-up. The study variables addressed will include sociodemographic data (age, sex, education, marital status, employment status and obstetric history) together with clinical data on complicated perinatal grief and post-traumatic stress disorder scores. Results: The results obtained are expected to provide a new perspective on the healthcare approach to perinatal loss and subsequent pregnancy. Conclusions: We seek to optimise comprehensive healthcare in cases of pregnancy following previous perinatal loss and to evaluate options to minimise possible risks.

Fundamento. El virus del papiloma humano (VPH) es una de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual más comunes, pero su tasa de vacunación es de las más bajas en Andalucía. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las opiniones de los profesionales sanitarios de Atención Primaria sobre la prevención en adolescentes de la infección por el VPH y la administración de su vacuna. Método. Investigación cualitativa mediante seis grupos focales con profesionales de centros de Atención Primaria de Sevilla, Granada y Jaén. Participaron 45 profesionales sanitarios. Se realizó un análisis de contenido de tipo semántico con categorización de respuestas en unidades temáticas. Resultados. Los profesionales reconocen las dificultades de llegar a la población adolescente en temas de prevención de conductas sexuales de riesgo, por falta de tiempo y poca preocupación de los adolescentes por las medidas preventivas. Aunque reconocen la sintomatología de la infección por el VPH, no todos tienen claro si el varón padece la enfermedad así como la asociación de la infección con canceres distintos al de cérvix. Dudan a la hora de recomendar la vacuna, dejando en manos de los progenitores la decisión de la vacunación de sus hijas. Conclusiones. Sería recomendable establecer estrategias que mejoren la información que tienen los profesionales acerca del VPH, así como de los beneficios de la vacuna, para que los trasmitan claramente y con asertividad a los padres; esto evitaría incertidumbre en los progenitores, mejoraría las tasas de vacunación y disminuiría las complicaciones de la infección (cáncer).

Introducción: El Virus del Papiloma Humano es de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual más comunes, pero su tasa de vacunación es de las más bajas en Andalucía. El objetivo de este estudio es detectar e identificar creencias y discursos científicos, profesionales, institucionales y sociales sobre la vacunación contra el VPH, así como las actitudes de los agentes implicados en el proceso de vacunación del VPH. Método: Investigación cualitativa mediante 26 grupos focales realizados en Granada, Sevilla y Jaén, de los cuales 15 se realizaron a alumnos de 3º y 4º de E.S.O, 5 a progenitores y 6 a profesionales de centros de Atención Primaria. Análisis de contenido de tipo semántico con categorización de respuestas en unidades temáticas. Resultados: Los adolescentes y progenitores no reconocen la sintomatología del VPH y tampoco conocen el modo de transmisión. No identifican que los varones puedan padecer la infección. La mayoría de las madres están de acuerdo con la vacuna del virus del papiloma humano, pero reclaman más información por parte de los profesionales sanitarios. Respecto a la sexualidad y conductas de riesgo, los adolescentes expresan que la mayoría han tenido relaciones y muchos han realizado conductas sexuales de riesgo. Las madres consideran que sus hijos/as no tienen edad todavía para mantener relaciones. Los profesionales reconocen las dificultades de llegar a la población adolescente en temas de prevención de conductas sexuales de riesgo, por falta de tiempo y poca preocupación de los adolescentes por las medidas preventivas. En referencia al VPH reconocen la sintomatología de la infección, pero no todos tienen claro si el varón padece la enfermedad, así como la asociación de la infección con cánceres distintos al de cérvix. Los discursos contrarios a la vacuna les hace dudar a la hora de recomendar la vacuna, dejando en manos de los progenitores la decisión de la vacunación de sus hijas. La menor vigilancia epidemiológica, en relación a otras vacunas, Introduction: The human papillomavirus is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases, but its vaccination rate is one of the lowest in Andalusia. The objective of this research is to detect and identify general beliefs together with scientific theory and professional, institutional and social discourses about the HPV vaccine, as well as the attitudes of the agents implied in its process. Methodology: Qualitative research through 26 focus groups carried out in Granada, Seville and Jaén, out of which 15 were students in 3rd and 4th year of secondary school, 5 parents and 6 health care professionals. Content analysis of semantic type with categorization of responses in thematic units. Results: Adolescents and parents do not recognise the symptomatology of HPV and fail to know the mode of transmission. They do not identify that males may suffer from the infection. Most of the mothers agree with HPV vaccine, but request that more information be provided by the health care professionals. Regarding sexuality and risk behaviour, adolescents express that the majority has had relations and many have engaged in risky sexual behaviour. Mothers believe that their children are not old enough to engage in sexual activity. Professionals admit the difficulties to reach the adolescent population regarding the prevention of risky sexual behaviour due to the lack of time and little concern from adolescents about preventive measures. Regarding HPV, they recognise the symptomatology of the infection, but not all of them know if the male suffers from the disease, as well as the association of the infection with other cancers different from cervical cancer. The discourses against the vaccine make them doubt when recommending it, leaving up to the parents to decide whether to vaccinate their children or not. In relation to other vaccines, the lower epidemiologic monitoring coming from the health administration regarding the compliance of the HPV vaccination scheduler foment distru