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With climate change in the making and an international context that tends towards energy transition, the right to energy claims a space of greater prominence in the international arena and in the systems of human rights protection to incline this process towards a deep transition. Hence, this paper aims to contribute to the debates and possible relationships between energy transition and human rights. To this end, a comparative law methodology is used, with a hermeneutic approach of dense description. The concept of the right to energy in the 2030 Agenda and its sustainable development goals as well as the references in other instruments of the human rights protection systems-both universal and regional-are reviewed. From this comparative overview, it is concluded that the Inter-American Human Rights System is at the forefront of the legal literature on the right to energy, establishing a doctrine to avoid the restriction of the energy transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]