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In the context of rising fundamentalism, urgent threats to the environment, and the persistence of poverty and deep inequities in the world, 193 nations have pledged to work towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) crafted by UNESCO in 2015. Education is seen as key to attaining all the other SDGs. Within the 'education goal' (Goal #4), there is an explicit target, SDG 4.7, which focuses on 'sustainable development and global citizenship'. Nations are expected to incorporate a focus on SDG 4.7 into their curricula, policies, teacher education programs, and student assessment. PISA has now developed an assessment of 'global competence,' which is presented as a way to assess SDG 4.7. Through this assessment, it seeks to inform policy, curricula, and pedagogies and catalogue 'best practices' for developing students' 'global competence'. Given this ambition and the centrality of 'sustainable development and global citizenship' within the globally endorsed SDGs, it is important to analyze the extent to which the PISA assessment of global competence is usefully able to inform policy and practice and contribute to fulfilling SDG 4.7. We build upon the work of other scholars examining this question, taking a material-semiotic approach inspired by Science and Technology Studies. Empirically, our study is based on documentary analysis, interviews, and 'survey encounters' in which we administered a curated part of the assessment to 15-year-olds and followed this exercise with interviews. We explore how the hard-won stability gained around the notion of 'global competence' through its inscription into the standardized survey instruments is again threatened when the survey instrument encounters diverse 15-year-olds. The survey encounters provide an opportunity to 'test the test', and we conclude that the PISA test of global competence is not as yet in a position to provide useful direction to policy or practice in the promotion of SDG 4.7.

A new two-port MIMO filtenna with center frequency and bandwidth tunability is introduced by integrating a tunable filter into the feeding section of a monopole antenna. The tunable filter is constructed by a dual-mode square loop resonator having four varactor diodes. One of the varactor diodes are separated from the other varactors, so that the tuning process is achieved by using two different bias voltages. Thus, the bandwidth can be tuned by the singly biased varactor diode, while the center frequency is tuned by controlling all varactors. The monopole antenna is developed by a slotted radiation patch to obtain high gain within the desired frequency band which must also cover the tuning range. A two-port tunable MIMO filtenna was fabricated and successfully tested for experimental validation. The 10-dB bandwidth of the designed MIMO filtenna can be tuned from 340 to 690 MHz at the highest center frequency, while the center frequency is tuned between 3.4 and 3.93 GHz. Within the tuning range, the maximum peak gain varies between 1.6 and 4 dBi in the electromagnetic (EM) simulations. Isolation between the outputs of the MIMO filtenna was measured as better than -20 dB and envelope correlation coefficient (EEC) was observed as less than 0.001. Diversity gain (DG) and mean effective gain (MEG) were obtained as close to 10 and less than 3 dB, respectively. Moreover, radiation efficiency of the proposed MIMO filtenna was obtained between 60% and 72%.

Background: The anterior-based muscle-sparing (ABMS) approach, using the intramuscular interval between the tensor fascia lata and gluteus medius, is an increasingly popular total hip arthroplasty (THA) approach. Its incidence of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) numbness has not been defined. The incidence of LFCN symptoms in direct anterior THA ranges from 7%-32% at 1-year follow-up. The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of LFCN symptoms in patients who underwent ABMS THA at 1-year follow-up. Methods: This was a single-center, multisurgeon retrospective study of ABMS THAs with minimum 1-year follow-up data between January 2014 and September 2021. Eight hundred sixty-nine THAs were included. Mean age of the patients was 67.2 years, with 43.4% male and 56.5% female. Mean body mass index was 26.8, and mean American Society of Anesthesiologists was 2.3. Statistical analysis included chi-square tests, 2-sample t-test, and binomial logistic regression. A P-value of .05 was considered statistically significant for all tests. Results: Nine patients (1%) reported LFCN-associated symptoms at 1-year follow-up. The most common complaint was numbness (n = 5, 55.6%), followed by diminished sensation (n = 2, 22.2%), burning (n = 1, 11.1%), and generalized pain (11.1%). There was no difference in age, sex, body mass index, or American Society of Anesthesiologists between the group that experienced symptoms and the group that did not (P = 1.00, P = .34, P = .74, P = .80). Conclusions: The incidence of LFCN dysfunction is 1% at 1 year after surgery with the ABMS approach. Additional studies may elucidate all risks and benefits of the ABMS approach with respect to LFCN injuries.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound impacts on all facets of international education. Not only has it highlighted the inadequacy of existing care arrangements but it has also created new care needs. There is increased recognition among policy makers and education providers that they need to understand and support the wellbeing of international students more effectively -- and indeed with greater care. Drawing on sociomaterial theories of care, this article considers the possibilities of care as a guiding principle for orienting the transformation of international education in more productive directions. Its central contention is that a focus on care will be vitally important for fostering the wellbeing of international students and for creating an institutional environment that more successfully attracts, retains, and supports them. Yet more than this, it will be crucial for redefining and realising the ambitious aims of international education itself. This article substantiates these claims by offering three 'sketches' of how a focus on care might reframe international education policy, institutional support, and point to new directions in research on international student mobility.

This paper reports on the design and experimental validation of a new class of frequency-tunable filters with switchable bandpass-to-bandstop transfer function characteristics. Single- and dual-band filter topologies are developed by coupling dual-mode loop resonators (DMLRs) to the feedline between the RF input and output ports of the filter. The bandpass-to-bandstop reconfigurability is realized by adding/removing an in-parallel cascaded thru line using single pole double throw (SPDT) switches. Center frequency tunability is achieved by incorporating three varactor diodes in the DMLRs. For experimental validations purposes, two filters with single- and dual-band responses were implemented and tested and appear to be in a good agreement with the EM simulated performance. For the single-band bandpass-to-bandstop filter, the RF-measured tuning range for the bandpass mode of operation is 1.65-1.96 GHz, and for the bandstop mode or operation it is 1.68-1.93 GHz. The dual-band bandpass-to-bandstop filter exhibits the RF-measured tuning ranges of 1.38-1.53 GHz for the first passband and 1.82-2.08 GHz for the second passband in the bandpass mode operation. The minimum insertion loss varies between 3.3 and 6.8 dB for the first passband, whereas it is between 2.2 and 4.7 dB in the second passband. The RF-measured tuning ranges in its bandstop mode of operation were measured between 1.35-1.47 GHz and 1.75-2.01 GHz.

The aim of this study is to compare explosive strength and anaerobic power performance of taekwondo and karate athletes. 10 taekwondo and 10 karate athletes participated to the study voluntarily by taking "Informed Consent Form". The athletes' values were in taekwondo as mean of age 21±2.4 years, height 181.2±8.01 cm, weight 66.9±15.74 kg, sport age 7.5±5.52 years; in karate as mean of age 21.1±1.66 years, height 170.2±10.04 cm, weight 64.4±15.69 kg, sport age 10.5±3.83 years. Counter movement jump, standing long jump and Wingate Anaerobic Test were applied to the athletes. The data were analyzed by using statistical package program. Descriptive statistics were used for mean and standard deviation values, "Shapiro-Wilk" test was used to determine whether the data showed normal distribution or not and "Independent t Test" was used for comparisons. The results were evaluated according to "p<0.05" significance level. According to Independent t Test's results of vertical and standing long jump tests, there were statistically significant differences in both vertical jump and standing long jump test averages of athletes (p<0.05). In comparison Wingate anaerobic test, significant differences were found in "Watt" values of groups' Peak, Average and Minimum Power (p<0.05). In "kg/Watt" values of groups', differences were found statistically significant in Peak and Minimum Power (p<0.05), while differences were not found significant in Average Power (p>0.05). As a result, when explosive strength and anaerobic power characteristics of taekwondo and karate athletes were compared, a difference was found between the two branches. The reason for this can be said to be different competition times, training programs, training methods and physical requirements of the branches. In addition, taekwondo athletes foot techniques, karate athletes using hand techniques more than foot techniques can be listed as the reasons for this difference.

Abstract Hedgehog signaling mediates embryologic development of the central nervous system and other tissues and is frequently hijacked by neoplasia to facilitate uncontrolled cellular proliferation. Meningiomas, the most common primary brain tumor, exhibit Hedgehog signaling activation in 6.5% of cases, triggered by recurrent mutations in pathway mediators such as SMO. In this study, we find 35.6% of meningiomas that lack previously known drivers acquired various types of somatic structural variations affecting chromosomes 2q35 and 7q36.3. These cases exhibit ectopic expression of Hedgehog ligands, IHH and SHH, respectively, resulting in Hedgehog signaling activation. Recurrent tandem duplications involving IHH permit de novo chromatin interactions between super-enhancers within DIRC3 and a locus containing IHH. Our work expands the landscape of meningioma molecular drivers and demonstrates enhancer hijacking of Hedgehog ligands as a route to activate this pathway in neoplasia.

IntroductionIt is unknown how intestinal B cell populations and B cell receptor (BCR) repertoires are established and maintained over time in humans. Following intestinal transplantation (ITx), surveillance ileal mucosal biopsies provide a unique opportunity to map the dynamic establishment of recipient gut lymphocyte populations in immunosuppressed conditions.MethodsUsing polychromatic flow cytometry that includes HLA allele group-specific antibodies distinguishing donor from recipient cells along with high throughput BCR sequencing, we tracked the establishment of recipient B cell populations and BCR repertoire in the allograft mucosa of ITx recipients.ResultsWe confirm the early presence of naïve donor B cells in the circulation (donor age range: 1-14 years, median: 3 years) and, for the first time, document the establishment of recipient B cell populations, including B resident memory cells, in the intestinal allograft mucosa (recipient age range at the time of transplant: 1-44 years, median: 3 years). Recipient B cell repopulation of the allograft was most rapid in infant (

For multi-resonator based chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, a novel triple-mode resonator is designed by loading open-circuited stubs to a transmission line which is coupled to input and output ports. Since the proposed resonator provides independently controllable three resonant frequencies, three bits can be obtained by means of a single triple-mode resonator. The presence and absence of the open stubs results in eight states from a single triple-mode resonator. Therefore, N triple-mode resonators in different lengths can generate $8^{N}$ different frequency codes. For this purpose, a multi-resonator circuit operating between 1.9 and 3.75 GHz is also developed by using 5 triple-mode resonators, so that 15 resonant frequencies can be obtained. Two conventional vertically/horizontally polarized monopole antennas are used to demonstrate the tag performance. Bit density and spectral efficiency of the designed tag are 29.04 bits/ $\lambda _{g}^{2}$ and 8.33 bits/GHz. Two chipless RFID tags having different frequency codes have been fabricated and tested in a good agreement with the predicted results. The designed tags have also been tested under various circumstances successfully.