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Peralox longirostris (Nalepa, 1922) n. comb Phyllocoptyches gallicolus Nalepa, 1922 pp. 190-193 ; Newkirk (1984) as deutogyne. Phyllocoptes longirostris Nalepa, 1922 pp. 193-194 ; Newkirk (1984) as protogyne. Rhyncaphytoptus gallicolus: Amrine et al., 2003 p. 208. Peralox dentatis Xue et al., 2013 pp. 112-113. (Figs. 8, 9, Table 2)

Aculops thymi (Nalepa, 1889) Phyllocoptes thymi Nalepa, 1889 pp. 137–138, 152–153 pl. 6 f. 4–6. *: Numerals in parentheses indicate no. of individuals tested. Phyllocoptes thymi: Canestrini, 1892 pp. 689–690. Vasates thymi: Roivainen, 1950 p. 27 ; Farkas, 1965 p. 82. Aculops thymi: Amrine & Stasny, 1994 ; Szydło et al., 2010 p. 148– 150 f. 7–8. (Figs. 4, 5, Table 1) Female (n=11) — Body fusiform, 167 (153-178), 57 (51-62) wide, 56 (53-57) thick. Gnathosoma 19 (12-30), projecting obliquely downwards; chelicerae 17 (13-24) slightly curved down. Prodorsal shield 40 (37-44) including frontal lobe 6 (5-8), obtuse triangular with a blunt point, 49 (42-60) wide, subtriangular; frontal lobe 5–8, obtuse triangular with a blunt point. Prodorsal shield smooth, a low bulging centrally and shallow furrow along with the side of shield; scapular tubercles 36 (33-39) apart on the posterior shield margin; scapular setae sc 9 (7-13, n=11), divergent to rear. Leg I 31 (27-36), femur 10 (7-13), femoral setae bv 8 (5–12, n=7) on anterior 2/5 from the base of femur; genu 5 (4-5), genual setae l ″ 12 (9-18, n=7); tibia 7 (6-8), paraxial tibial setae l ′ 3 (3-4, n=8) on anterior 1/4 from the base of tibia; tarsus 6 (4-7), tarsal solenidion ω 7 (5-8), slightly curved, with knob apically, tarsal empodium em 6 (3-8), simple, 4–rayed. Leg II 29 (26-32): femur 8 (7-10), femoral setae bv 6 (5–6, n=6) on anterior 2/5 from the base of femur; genu 5 (4-6), genual setae l ″ 6 (4-8, n=7); tibia 6 (5-7); tarsus 7 (5-8), tarsal solenidion ω 7 (7-10), strongly curved, with knob apically, tarsal empodium em 4 (3-5), simple, 4–rayed. Coxisternal plates smooth; prosternal apodeme entire, distinct. Anterior setae on coxisternum I 1b 5 (3-7, n=7), 10 (9-11) apart, far from proximal setae 1a on coxisternum I, 1a 6 (4-9, n=8), 9 (6-10) apart, a little ahead of line through proximal setae 2a on coxisternum II, proximal setae 2a 17 (13-21, n=7), 25 (20-25) apart. External genitalia 13 (9-15), 21 (19-22) wide; coverflap subtriangular, with 6-10 longitudinal striae; setae 3a 7 (6-8, n=8), 15 (15-16) apart. Coxigenital region with 3-9 semiannuli, microtuberculate. Opisthosoma with 21–26 dorsal and 50–58 ventral annuli, dorsal annuli smooth, ventral annuli with ellipsoidal microtubercles on the margin. Opisthosomal setae c2 6 (5-10, n=9), 50 (44-59) apart on 9–14th annulus; d 16 (7-26, n=6), 34 (25-39) apart on 20–26th annulus; e 7 (4-12, n=10), 20 (18-22) apart on 26–38th annulus; f 7 (5-10, n=10), 20 (18-22) apart on 5–6th annulus from rear; h1 4 (3-4, n=8), 7 (4-10) apart and h2 30 (27-32, n=2), 11 (10-12) apart. Male — Not found. Specimens examined — 11 females on 11 microscopic slides of inventory nos. NHMW29903/1- 13 from vial no. 340 and NHMW29904/1-5 from vial no. 341 in Box TU from the Nalepa mite collection deposited in the NHMW. Host plant — Thymus serpyllum L. Other host plants — Thymus vulgaris L. (Kozłowski, 1983 ; Skoracka et al., 2005), Thymus praecox Opiz (Szydło et al., 2010), Thymus callieri Berb. ex Velen. (Chetverikov et al., 2021), Teucrium chamaedrys L. (Amrine & Stasny, 1994) (Lamiaceae). Type locality — Austria? (Nalepa Collection Locality. Unknown). Distribution — Iceland (Szydło et al., 2010), Italy (Nalepa, 1898 ; Canestrini, 1892), Poland (Kozłowski, 1983 ; Skoracka et al., 2005), Sweden (Roivainen, 1950), Russia (Chetverikov et al., 2021). Remarks — According to Nalepa (1889), the mites were always found on erinea caused by Aceria thomasi on leaves of T. serpyllum. The range of body length and width Aculops of thymi (Nalepa, 1889) (original data) were shorter than both that of the topotype specimens (present data) and that of specimens collected from Iceland (Szydło et al., 2010). The measurements of all taxonomic characters except setae were not different between that of topotype specimens and that of specimens from Iceland, but the lengths of most setae of topotype specimens were relatively a little shorter than that of specimens from Iceland (Table 1)., Published as part of Kadono, Fujio, Takei, Madoka, Gotoh, Tetsuo, Kubota, Kenji, Hörweg, Christoph & Kagiwada, Satoshi, 2022, Supplementary descriptions of seven eriophyoid mite species (Acari: Eriophyoidea) recovered from the Viennese Nalepa collection and comparison with Japanese species, pp. 273-301 in Acarologia 62 (2) on pages 278-280, DOI: 10.24349/z3ie-bf78, http://zenodo.org/record/7160260, {"references":["Nalepa A. 1889. Beitrage zur Systematik der Phytopten. Sitz. kais. Akad. Wiss., Math. - natur. Kl., Wien, Abt. 1, 98 (1): 112 - 156.","Szydlo W., Skaftaso J. F., Skoracka A. 2010. Eriophyoid mites (Prostigmata: Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) from Iceland: one new species, and three new mite records. Annales Zoologici (Warszawa), 60: 139 - 157. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 000345410 X 499623","Canestrini G. 1892. Prospetto dell'Acarofauna Italiana. Parte Va. Famiglia dei Phytoptini (Phytoptidae).","Roivainen H. 1950. Eriophyid news from Sweden. Acta Ent. Fenn., 7: 1 - 51.","Farkas H. 1965. Familie Eriophyidae, Gallmilben. In: Die Tierwelt Mitteleuropas, Bd. 3, Lief 3, Verlag von Quelle and Meyer, Leipzig. pp. 155.","Amrine J. W. Jr., Stasny T. A. H. 1994. Catalog of the Eriophyoidea of the World. Michigan, USA: Indira Publishing House. pp. ix + 798.","Kozlowski J. 1983. Eriophyid mites (Acarina: Eriophyoidea) appearing on some medical herbs. Zeszty Problemowe Postepow Nauk Rolniczych, 6 (252): 81 - 87. (in Polish)","Skoracka A., Lewandowski M., Boczek J. 2005. A Catalogue of Eriophyoid Mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) of Poland. Warszawa, Poland: Natura optima dux Foundation. pp. 199.","Chetverikov P. E., Fedorov, D. S., Letukhova, V. Y., Romanovich, A. E. 2021. Description of Cecidophyes fibigiae n. sp., new combinations, records, and DNA barcodes of eriophyid mites (Eriophyoidea, Eriophyidae) from Karadag Nature Reserve (Crimea). Syst. Appl. Acarol., 26: 818 - 828. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 26.4.12","Nalepa A. 1898. Eriophyidae (Phytoptidae). Das Tierreich. Eine Zusammenstellung und Kennzeichnung der rezenten Tierformen. Berlin 4 Lief. Acarina. pp. ix + 74."]}

Negm, Mohamed W., Gotoh, Tetsuo (2021): -Redescription-of-Panonychus caglei Mellott,-1968,- with-ontogenetic-development- (Acari:-Tetranychidae)-. Zootaxa 5086 (1): 157-173, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5086.1.11

The predatory mites, Neoseiulus longispinosus (Evans) and N. womersleyi (Schicha) (Phytoseiidae) are two morphologically close species. Although they can be mainly separated by the length of the dorsal seta S5, misidentifications may occur. The present study investigated various strains of the two closely related species collected from Japan, Taiwan and/or Thailand using a combination of morphological and molecular data. We described and illustrated the adults and immature stages. We also sequenced the 28S region of nuclear ribosomal DNA to determine whether these strains represent different species. The two species could be clearly separated based on the length of seta S5 and the ratio of setae Z5/S5. In a 28S tree, the examined strains also formed separate clades with 100% bootstrap values. We conclude that a combination of different methods is often necessary to precisely distinguish these closely related taxa., Acarologia, 61, 432-452

Key to the world species of the genera Panonychus * and Sasanychus 1. Dorsal setae on idiosoma set on strong tubercles; opisthosomal striae longitudinal; tibia I with 7 and tibia II with 5 tactile setae................................................................................... Panonychus... 3 - Dorsal setae on idiosoma not on tubercles; opisthosomal striae transversal; tibia I with 9 and tibia II with 8 tactile setae............................................................................................ Sasanychus... 2 2. Tarsus II with 3 tactile setae and 1 solenidion proximal to duplex seta; aedeagus slightly sigmoid and with truncate tip; reported on dwarf bamboo [Sasa senanensis (Franch. & Sav.) and Sasa sp.; Poaceae]; Bangladesh & Japan..................................................................................................... S. akitanus (Ehara, 1978) - Tarsus II with 1 tactile seta and 1 solenidion proximal to duplex seta; aedeagus with almost straight with prominent process on dorsal margin and distal portion of aedeagus almost straight; reported on dwarf bamboo [Sasa chartaceae (Makino); Poaceae]; Japan...................................................................... S. pusillus Ehara & Gotoh, 1987 3. Genua I and II each with 5 tactile setae.................................................................... 4 - Genua I and II each with 4 tactile setae, genua III and IV each with 2 tactile setae; reported on bamboo (Sasa borealis (Hack.); Poaceae) and Sasa senanensis (Franch. & Sav.); Japan.......................... P. bambusicola Ehara & Gotoh, 1991 4. Genu III with 3 and genu IV with 2 tactile setae............................................................. 5 - Genu III and genu IV each with 3 tactile setae............................................................... 6 5. Aedeagus bent dorsad and tip curved towards posterior, with bent portion as long as dorsal margin of shaft; reported on Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae, Malvaceae, Moraceae, Rosaceae and Urticaceae; USA, Brazil, China, Taiwan, Korea & Japan (Okinawa Pref.)............................................................... P. caglei Mellottt, 1968 - Aedeagus bent dorsad with the tip strongly recurved towards anterior; reported on Malus domestica (Rosaceae); Peru.............................................................................. P. inca De Vis & De Moraes, 2002 6. Aedeagus with ball-shaped knob distally, shaft of aedeagus angulate or elbowed, distal portion of neck of shaft with distinct ventral concavity; reported on Achyranthes aspera (Amaranthaceae), Vitis sp. (Vitaceae); Taiwan...................................................................................................... P. globosus Tseng, 1974 - Aedeagus without ball-shaped knob distally................................................................ 7 7. Female with tactile seta of duplex seta on tarsus II longer than solenidion; aedeagus curved dorsad, with straight, tapering distal part; reported on Ulmus davidiana (Ulmaceae); Japan............................. P. thelytokus Ehara & Gotoh, 1992 - Female with tactile seta of duplex seta on tarsus II shorter than solenidion; aedeagus otherwise....................... 8 8. Female dorsal setae f 2 and h 1 more or less similar in length (difference not more than 5 ��m).......................... 9 - Female dorsal seta f 2 clearly longer than h 1 (difference approx. 10 ��m or more)................................... 11 9. Palptarsus solenidion (��) longer than terminal sensillum (su��); dorsal setae f 2 half as long as f 1; aedeagus bent dorsad, with weakly sigmoid distal part strongly tapering and twice as long as dorsal margin of the shaft; reported on Caricaceae, Leguminosae, Meliaceae, Menispermaceae, Moraceae, Oleaceae, Passifloraceae, Rosaceae, Rutaceae and Taxaceae; Australia, Papua New Guinea, Myanmar, China, Taiwan, Thailand & India................................ P. elongatus Manson, 1963 - Palptarsus solenidion (��) shorter than terminal sensillum (su��); ratio between female dorsal setae f 1 and f 2 (f 1 / f 2) more than 2.5; aedeagus otherwise.................................................................................. 10 10. Aedeagus bent dorsad, with weakly sigmoid tapered distal part longer than dorsal margin of the shaft, and bent at an angle of approx. 50�� to the ventral margin of the shaft; female dorsal seta e 2 notably shorter than e 1; ratio between female dorsal setae sc 1 and h 1 (sc 1/ h 1) about 6.8; reported on Osmanthus (Oleaceae); China & Japan.......... P. osmanthi Ehara & Gotoh, 1996 - Aedeagus bent dorsad, with weakly sigmoid tapered distal part longer than dorsal margin of the shaft, and bent at an angle between 67���78�� to the ventral margin of the shaft (often appearing close to right angles); female dorsal seta e 2 approximately same length as e 1; ratio between female dorsal setae sc 1 and h 1 (sc 1/ h 1) approx. 5.3; reported on numerous host plants; worldwide................................................................................. P. citri (McGregor, 1916) 11. Female dorsal setae linear and lanceolate, not curved; reported on Malus domestica (Rosaceae); Taiwan................................................................................................ P. lishanensis Tseng, 1990 - Female dorsal setae strongly curved..................................................................... 12 12. Female dorsal seta sc 1 more than 200 ��m long, ratio sc 1 / h 1 approx. 5 or more; aedeagus bent dorsad, with short weakly sigmoid distal part about as long as dorsal margin of the shaft; reported on some Cannabaceae, Menispermaceae, Moraceae and Rosaceae; Iran & Japan................................................................. P. mori Yokoyama, 1929 - Female dorsal seta sc 1 less than 200 ��m long; sc 1 / h 1 less than 5, aedeagus bent dorsal, with distal part longer than dorsal margin of the shaft......................................................................................... 13 13. Female dorsal seta sc 1 less than 150 ��m long, ratio sc 1 / h 1 approx. 3.3; reported on Ficus carica (Moraceae); Georgia, Armenia & Azerbaijan.................................................................. P. hadzhibejliae (Reck, 1947) - Female dorsal seta sc 1 more than 150 ��m long, ratio sc 1/ h 1 more than 4......................................... 14 14. Female dorsal seta c 3 more than 100 ��m long, seta f 2 approx. 66 ��m long, ratio sc 1 / f 2 approx. 2.8; reported on various hosts; worldwide........................................................................... P. ulmi (Koch, 1836) - Female dorsal seta c 3 less than 100 ��m long, seta f 2 50 ��m long, ratio sc 1 / f 2 approx. 3.5; reported on Ficus carica (Moraceae); Greece...................................................................... P. caricae Hatzinikolis, 1984, Published as part of Arabuli, Tea, Matsuda, Tomoko, Negm, Mohamed W. & Gotoh, Tetsuo, 2020, Complementary description of Panonychus caricae Hatzinikolis, 1984, with the resurrection of the genus Sasanychus Ehara, 1978 (Acari, Prostigmata Tetranychidae), pp. 515-531 in Zootaxa 4881 (3) on page 528, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/4283932, {"references":["Ehara, S. (1978) A new genus and a new subgenus of the spider mites from northern Japan (Acarina: Tetranychidae). The Journal of the Faculty of Education, Tottori University, Natural Science, 28, 87 - 93.","Ehara, S. & Gotoh, T. (1987) Notes on the genus Sasanychus Ehara, new status, with description of a new species from Hokkaido (Acarina, Tetranychidae). Zoological Science, 4, 375 - 378.","Ehara, S. & Gotoh, T. (1991) A new species of Panonychus from dwarf bamboo in Japan (Acari: Tetranychidae). International Journal of Acarology, 17, 9 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01647959108683879","Mellottt, J. L. (1968) Panonychus caglei, new species, the raspberry red mite (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Acarologia, 10, 230 - 244.","Vis, R. M. J. de & de Moraes, G. J. (2002) A new species of Panonychus (Acari: Tetranychidae) from Peru. Zootaxa, 48 (1), 1 - 6. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 48.1.1","Tseng, Y. H. (1974) Systematics and distribution of phytophagous and predatory mites on grape in Taiwan. Part I. Phytophagous mites. Journal of the Agricultural Association of China, 88, 56 - 73.","Ehara, S. & Gotoh, T. (1992) Descriptions of two Panonychus spider mites from Japan, with a key to species of the genus in the world (Acari: Tetranychidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology, 27, 107 - 115. https: // doi. org / 10.1303 / aez. 27.107","Manson, D. C. M. (1963) Mites of the families Tetranychidae and Tenuipalpidae associated with citrus in South East Asia. Acarologia, 5, 351 - 364.","Ehara, S. & Gotoh, T. (1996) Two new species of spider mites occurring in Japan (Acari, Tetranychidae). Journal of the Acarological Society of Japan, 5, 17 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.2300 / acari. 5.17","McGregor, E. A. (1916) The citrus mite named and described for the first time. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 9, 284 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 9.3.284","Tseng, Y. H. (1990) A monograph of the mite family Tetranychidae (Acarina: Trombidiformes) from Taiwan. Taiwan Museum Special Publication Series, 9, 1 - 226.","Yokoyama, K. (1929) New textbook of sericultural insect pest. Saishin Nippon Sangyo Gaichu Zensho, Meibun-do, Tokyo, 569 pp.","Reck, G. F. (1947) New species of tetranychid mites from Georgia (Tetranychidae, Acari). Soobshcheniya Akademii Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR, 8, 471 - 475.","Koch, C. L. (1836) Deutsche Crustacea, Myriapoda, Arachnida. Fasc. 1. [unknown publisher and total page number]","Hatzinikolis, E. N. (1984) Description of Panonychus caricae new species on fig-trees in Greece (Acari: Tetranychidae). Entomologia Hellenica, 2, 55 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.12681 / eh. 13899"]}

Panonychus caricae Hatzinikolis, 1984 (Figs. 1���21) Diagnosis. Dorsal setae stout, lanceolate, coarsely barbed, much longer than longitudinal intervals between setal rows, set on well-developed white tubercles; striation pattern on genital flap transverse, arched; pregenital striae longitudinal-oblique, becoming longitudinal immediately anterior to genital flap. Peritreme straight with short distal bulb; distal bulb sometimes forming short hook resembling a golf-club. Tarsus I of female with 3 tactile setae and 1 solenidion proximal to duplex setae; tibiae I of both sexes with 7 tactile setae; tibiae II, III and IV of both sexes with 5 tactile setae; femora IV of both sexes with 1 seta. Empodia I���IV split into 3 pairs of medioventral hairs. Aedeagus directed dorsally, shaft weakly sigmoid and weakly tapering to blunt tip. Re-description. Female (n=10; Figs. 1���11). Body oval and reddish. Length of body including gnathosoma 330���430; width of body in humeral part 250���310. Dorsum. Dorsum with 13 pairs of long, coarsely barbed setae (Figs. 1���2); Opisthosomal setae set on strong white tubercles; length of setae: v 2 50���62; sc 1 155���175; sc 2 85���112; c 1 155���185; c 2 145���175; c 3 70���92; d 1 155���187; d 2 125���160; e 1 137���162; e 2 100���132; f 1 80���102; f 2 42���50; h 1 35���40 (Fig. 1). Distances between bases of body setae: v 2 ��� v 2 50���60; sc 1 ��� sc 1 67���87; sc 2 ��� sc 2 175���205; c 1 ��� c 1 50���75; c 2 ��� c 2 150180; c 3 ��� c 3 230���280; d 1 ��� d 1 50���95; d 2 ��� d 2 142���170; e 1 ��� e 1 55 ���77; e 2 ��� e 2 117���150; f 1 ��� f 1 60���77; f 2 ��� f 2 80���120; h 1 ��� h 1 27���37; v 2 ��� h 1 220���300; c 1 ��� d 1 50���70; d 1 ��� e 1 37 ���65; e 1 ��� f 1 25���37; f 1 ��� h 1 27���52. Dorsocentral striae of the opisthosoma transverse between setae c 1 and d 1, and d 1 and e 1; irregularly longitudinal between setae e 1 and f 1, forming a diamond-shape pattern (Fig. 1). Gnathosoma. Stylophore rounded anteriorly with longitudinal, parallel striation (Fig. 3). Peritremes simple, ending with short distal bulb; distal bulb sometimes forming short hook resembling a golf-club (Figs. 3���4). Terminal sensillum su�� (spinneret) of palptarsus broad, approximately 1.5 times as long as wide: length 5���7 and width 4���5; dorsal sensillum (solenidion, ��) shorter than spinneret 3���5 long; eupathidia different in length: ul����� longer than ul�����, 8���10 and 6���7 long, respectively (Fig. 5). Venter. Striae on genital flap entirely transverse, arched in the middle part of the flap; pregenital area with longitudinal striae anterior to genital flap, striae varying from longitudinal to oblique laterally (Fig. 6); all ventral setae smooth and thin. Legs. Leg I 270���300, leg II 200���240, leg III 210���260; leg IV 230���280 long (from trochanter to tarsus). Length of segments of leg I as follows: femur 75���87.5, genu 37���45, tibia 42���50, tarsus 92���97 long. Leg setal counts as follows (Figs. 8���11): I 2���1���8���5���7 + (1)���12 + (1) + 2 duplexes II 2���1���6���5���5���11 + (1) + 1 duplex III 1���1���3���3���5���9 + (1) IV 1���1���1���3���5���9 + (1) Tarsus I with 2 duplex setae, distal duplex solenidion (�����) of tarsus I more than two times longer than proximal duplex solenidion (�����): 57���63 and 22���30 long, respectively; tactile setae (ft���, ft���) of distal and proximal duplexes subequal in length: 10���12; tarsus I with 3 tactile setae and 1 solenidion proximal to proximal set of duplex setae (Fig. 8). Tarsus II with 1 duplex seta, solenidion of duplex seta 20���25 long and tactile seta 10���12 long; tarsus II with 2 tactile setae and 1 solenidion proximal to duplex seta, other 2 tactile setae near the level of duplex seta; tibia II with 5 tactile setae (Fig. 9). Tibiae III and IV with 5 tactile setae (Figs. 10���11). Empodia I���IV split into two sets of three ventrally directed hairs of uniform length (Figs. 7���11). Male (n=10; Figs. 12���21). Reddish green to pale red in color. Length of body including gnathosoma 310���350; width of body 170���190. Dorsum. Dorsal body setae stout, strong, longer than distance between bases of consecutive setae, length of setae: v 2 45���55; sc 1 73���122; sc 2 65���95; c 1 85���125; c 2 80���120; c 3 60���87; d 1 78���117; d 2 75���115; e 1 50 ���62; e 2 50 ���72; f 1 30���40; f 2 25���30; h 1 15���22. Distances between bases of the body setae: v 2 ��� v 2 40���52; sc 1 ��� sc 1 55���65; sc 2 ��� sc 2 125���152; c 1 ��� c 1 37���57; c 2 ��� c 2 87���112; c 3 ��� c 3 137���165; d 1 ��� d 1 37���52; d 2 ��� d 2 92���130; e 1 ��� e 1 32 ���37; e 2 ��� e 2 67���75; f 1 ��� f 1 27���35; f 2 ��� f 2 45���50; h 1 ��� h 1 15���25; v 2 ��� h 1 175���200; c 1 ��� d 1 30���37; d 1 ��� e 1 30 ���37; e 1 ��� f 1 25���30; f 1 ��� h 1 17���22. Gnathosoma. Stylophore and peritreme as in female (Figs. 3���4). Terminal sensillum su�� (spinneret) of palptarsus approximately two times as long as wide: 4���5 long and 2 wide; dorsal sensillum (solenidion, ��) 3���4 long, slightly shorter than spinneret; eupathidia ul����� longer than ul�����, 7���9 and 5���7 long, respectively (Fig. 12). Legs. Leg I 280���330; leg II 210���250; leg III 230���300; leg IV 240���300 long (from trochanter to tarsus). Length of first leg segments as follows: femur 77���100; genu 42���52; tibia 47���57; tarsus 95���112 long. Leg setal count as follows (Figs 14���17): I 2���1���8���5���7 + (4)���12 + (3) + 2 duplexes II 2���1���6���5���5���11 + (1) + 1 duplex III 1���1���3���3���5���9 + (1) IV 1���1���1���3���5���9 + (1) Tarsus I with 3 tactile setae and 3 solenidia proximal to proximal set of duplex setae; distal duplex solenidion of tarsus I longer than that of proximal duplex: 57���65 and 32���47 long, respectively; tactile seta of distal and proximal duplexes equal in length: 12���15 (Fig. 14). Tarsus II with 2 tactile setae and 1 solenidion proximal to duplex seta, one tactile seta near level of duplex seta; tarsus II solenidion of duplex seta 22���30 long, tactile 12���15 long (Fig. 15). Tibiae II, III and IV each with 5 tactile setae (Figs. 15���17). Empodia I���IV as female split into two sets of three ventrally directed hairs of uniform length (Fig. 13). Aedeagus. Aedeagus dorsally directed, shaft bents nearly at right angle, ending with weakly sigmoid blunt tip; bent portion of aedeagus shorter than dorsal margin of shaft (Figs. 18���21). Measurements of aedeagus: shaft 11���13 length, width (broadest part of shaft) 5���6; bent portion of aedeagus 6���8 length. Specimens examined. 10 females and 10 males; ex. leaves of Ficus sp. (Moraceae), Ano Drosia, Kalamata, Greece (37��02���18������N, 21��51���17������E); 9 September 2017; leg. T. Gotoh. Specimens depository. 6 females and 6 males are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Georgia; 10 females and 17 males are deposited in the Laboratory of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Ibaraki University (AEZIU) with the voucher specimen no. 872. Remarks. Unfortunately, our attempts to find the type specimens were unsuccessful, so the only possible comparisons are with the original description. Hatzinikolis (1984) measured the holotype only, making statistical comparison���such as that of Arabuli et al. (2016) ���impossible. However, both species were found in Greece, the host plant species is the same, the general morphology is similar, and the setal lengths are within the range of our specimens, or very close to them (e.g. f 2 44 ��m and h 1 42 in the holotype description versus 42���50 and 35���40, respectively). Therefore, we have tentatively classified our specimens as P. caricae. Some differences seem to be apparent in the palp-tarsus, with the solenidion drawn as approximately the same length of the spinneret, and the spinneret measurements of 11 x 9 ��m. However, without type specimens, caution is needed interpreting the drawing of Hatzinikolis (1984), especially as the scale and measurements are probably incorrect. According to the drawing, the palp length (ca. 220 ��m) is greater than the body width (198 ��m), which must be wrong, and it seems more likely that the scale is approximately double (i.e. 5 ��m, not 10 ��m). If so, the spinneret measurements are approximately the same as in our specimens. The re-described species can be separated from other Panonychus species using the length of the female dorsal setae in combination with the ratio between the length of female dorsal opisthosomal setae f 2 and h 1, and the ratio between the length of dorsal setae sc 1 and h 1. According to our morphological examinations, P. caricae is closely related to P. ulmi and P. hadzhibejliae. These species have the similar chaetotaxy of legs, and the shape of aedeagus and the angle between the sigmoid distal part and ventral margin of the shaft are comparable. However, P. caricae can be easily distinguished from P. ulmi by the length of the dorsal opisthosomal setae: c 3 111 (100���117), e 2 147 (137���150), f 2 66 (62���70) for P. ulmi and 85 (70���92), 120 (100���132), 50 (42���50) for P. caricae. The species P. hadzhibejliae and P. caricae seem more closely related morphologically and were collected on the same host plant species (Arabuli et al. 2016). Panonychus caricae has longer setae sc 1 (155���157) and dorsocentral setae c 1 (155���185), c 2 (144���185), d 1 (115���150) and e 1 (137���162) compared with P. hadzhibejliae (sc 1 120���145, c 1 112���140, c 2 115���140, d 1 115���150, e 1 110���135) and, in general, most other dorsal setae of P. caricae are in the upper limits or longer than seen in P. hadzhibejliae, with the exception of f 2 and h 1. Furthermore, our molecular analyses (see below) supported the recognition of these taxa as separate species. Molecular analyses. After alignment, the COI fragment had 618 nucleotide sites, of which 167 were parsimony���informative, and contained no insertions or deletions. A maximum likelihood tree extracted from 10 species of the subgenus Panonychus s.str., including P. caricae, plus two species of the subgenus Sasanychus in the genus Panonychus based on the COI gene of mtDNA indicated that these 12 species are clearly separated from each other with high bootstrap values (75���100%) (Fig. 22). Panonychus osmanthi morphologically resembles P. citri but produced sterile F 1 females when mated with P. citri (Kitashima & Gotoh 1995; Ehara & Gotoh 1996; Ehara 1999). These two species formed a cluster with high bootstrap value (100%), the same as described in the previous molecular phylogenetic analyses (Toda et al. 2000; Matsuda et al. 2014, 2018). The re-described species P. caricae formed a monophyletic clade with P. ulmi with a 95% bootstrap value. Panonychus hadzhibejliae was located at the root of the same clade with a 92% bootstrap value. Based on a morphological study, Arabuli et al. (2016) reported that P. hadzhibejliae is a valid species, and not a synonym of P. citri, and this is confirmed here with molecular data. A comparison of the genetic distances of the COI gene showed that intra-specific divergence of the two P. mori strains (voucher specimen nos. 239 and 663) was higher (4.05%) than inter-specific divergence among P. citri ��� P. osmanthi (0.97%) and P. caricae ��� P. ulmi (1.94 and 2.10%) (Table 2). However, these two strains of P. mori formed the same cluster with high bootstrap value (100%) and clearly separated from other species. In the COI tree (Fig. 22), the two subgenera, Panonychus s.str. and Sasanychus, comprise strongly supported monophyletic clades with 98% bootstrap values. Sasanychus is treated as a subgenus of Panonychus by Bolland et al. (1998) and in the ���Spider Mites Web��� database (Migeon & Dorkeld 2006 ���2020). This result supports the genusstatus given to Sasanychus by Ehara & Gotoh (1987), a result further supported by previous molecular phylogenetic studies (Matsuda et al. 2014, 2018) and morphology. Sasanychus differs from Panonychus by the dorsal idiosomal setae not set on tubercles, the opisthosoma with transverse striae in the dorsocentral area, and nine and eight tactile setae on tibiae I and II, respectively (see Introduction for details). Thus, the genus Sasanychus is resurrected based on molecular and morphological evidence. ......continued on the next page, Published as part of Arabuli, Tea, Matsuda, Tomoko, Negm, Mohamed W. & Gotoh, Tetsuo, 2020, Complementary description of Panonychus caricae Hatzinikolis, 1984, with the resurrection of the genus Sasanychus Ehara, 1978 (Acari, Prostigmata Tetranychidae), pp. 515-531 in Zootaxa 4881 (3) on pages 517-526, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/4283932, {"references":["Hatzinikolis, E. N. 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