64 results on '"Gould DW"'
Search Results
2. Protocol and statistical analysis plan for the phase 3 randomised controlled Treatment of Invasively Ventilated Adults with Early Activity and Mobilisation (TEAM III) trial
- Author
-
Presneill, JJ, Bellomo, R, Brickell, K, Buhr, H, Gabbe, BJ, Gould, DW, Harrold, M, Higgins, AM, Hurford, S, Iwashyna, T, Neto, AS, Nichol, A, Schaller, SJ, Sivasuthan, J, Tipping, C, Webb, S, Young, P, Hodgson, CL, Presneill, JJ, Bellomo, R, Brickell, K, Buhr, H, Gabbe, BJ, Gould, DW, Harrold, M, Higgins, AM, Hurford, S, Iwashyna, T, Neto, AS, Nichol, A, Schaller, SJ, Sivasuthan, J, Tipping, C, Webb, S, Young, P, and Hodgson, CL
- Abstract
Objective: To describe the protocol and statistical analysis plan for the Treatment of Invasively Ventilated Adults with Early Activity and Mobilisation (TEAM III) trial. Design: An international, multicentre, parallel-group, randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Setting: Intensive care units (ICUs) in Australia, New Zealand, Germany, Ireland, the United Kingdom and Brazil. Patients: 750 adult patients expected to receive mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours. Interventions: Early activity and mobilisation delivered to critically ill patients in an ICU for up to 28 days compared with standard care. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome is the number of days alive and out of hospital at 180 days after randomisation. Secondary outcomes include ICU-free days, ventilator-free days, delirium-free days, all-cause mortality at 28 and 180 days after randomisation, and functional outcome at 180 days after randomisation. Results: Recruitment at 46 research sites passed 576 patients in March 2021. Final collection of all 180-day outcome data for the target of 750 patients is anticipated by May 2022. Conclusions: Consistent with international guidelines, a detailed protocol and prospective analysis plan has been developed for the TEAM III trial. This plan specifies the statistical models for evaluating primary and secondary outcomes, defines covariates for adjusted analyses, and defines methods for exploratory analyses. Application of this protocol and statistical analysis plan to the forthcoming TEAM III trial will facilitate unbiased analyses of the clinical data collected. Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03133377.
- Published
- 2021
3. Constraints on dark photon dark matter using data from LIGO's and Virgo's third observing run
- Author
-
Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Akutsu, T., Albanesi, S., Allocca, A., Altin, P. A., Amato, A., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Angelova, V, Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Appert, S., Arai, Koji, Arai, Koya, Arai, Y., Araki, S., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Arene, M., Aritomi, N., Arnaud, N., Aronson, S. M., Arun, K. G., Asada, H., Asali, Y., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Austin, C., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bae, Y., Baer, A. M., Bagnasco, S., Bai, Y., Baiotti, L., Baird, J., Bajpai, R., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Balsamo, A., Baltus, G., Banagiri, S., Bankar, D., Barayoga, J. C., Barbieri, C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I, Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J. C., Baylor, A. C., Bazzan, M., Becsy, B., Bedakihale, V. M., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I, Benedetto, V, Beniwal, D., Bennett, T. F., Bentley, J. D., Benyaala, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, D., Are, R., Bhardwaj, U., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Bini, S., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Bischi, M., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Biswas, B., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M-A, Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Boldrini, M., Bonavena, L. D., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonn, Booker, P., Boom, B. A., Bork, R., Boschi, V, Bose, N., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V, Boudart, V, Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Bramley, A., Branch, A., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Briggs, J. H., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brooks, J., Brown, D. D., Brunett, S., Bruno, G., Bruntz, R., Bryant, J., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buscicchio, R., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Calderon Bustillo, J., Callaghan, J. D., Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Cameron, J., Camp, J. B., Canepa, M., Canevarolo, S., Cannavacciuolo, M., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, Z., Capocasa, E., Capote, E., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Carlin, J. B., Carney, M. F., Carpinelli, M., Carrillo, G., Carullo, G., Carver, T. L., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Castaldi, G., Caudill, S., Cavaglia, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Ceasar, M., Cella, G., Cerda-Duran, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, W., Chakravarti, K., Subrahmanya, S. Chalathadka, Champion, E., Chan, C-H, Chan, C., Chan, C. L., Chan, K., Chan, M., Ra, K., Chanial, P., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chase, E. A., Chass, e-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, C., Chatterjee, Debarati, Chatterjee, Deep, Chaturvedi, M., Chaty, S., Chen, C., Chen, H. Y., Chen, J., Chen, K., Chen, X., Chen, Y-B, Chen, Y-R, Chen, Z., Cheng, H., Cheong, C. K., Cheung, H. Y., Chia, H. Y., Chiadini, F., Chiang, C-Y, Chiarini, G., Chierici, R., Chincarini, A., Chiofalo, M. L., Chiummo, A., Cho, G., Cho, H. S., Choudhary, R. K., Choudhary, S., Christensen, N., Chu, H., Chu, Q., Chu, Y-K, Chua, S., Chung, K. W., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Cifaldi, M., Ciobanu, A. A., Ciolfi, R., Cipriano, F., Cirone, A., Clara, F., Clark, E. N., Clark, J. A., Clarke, L., Clearwater, P., Clesse, S., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Codazzo, E., Cohadon, P-F, Cohen, D. E., Cohen, L., Colleoni, M., Collette, C. G., Colombo, A., Colpi, M., Compton, C. M., Constancio, J, R., Conti, L., Cooper, S. J., Corban, P., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrion, I, Corezzi, S., Corley, K. R., Cornish, N., Corre, D., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Cotesta, R., Coughlin, M. W., Coulon, J-P, Countryman, S. T., Cousins, B., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Criswell, A. W., Croquette, M., Crowder, S. G., Cudell, J. R., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cummings, R., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dabadie, P., Dal Canton, T., Dall'Osso, S., Dalya, G., Dana, A., Daneshgaranbajastani, L. M., D'Angelo, B., Danilishin, S., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darsow-Fromm, C., Dasgupta, A., Datrier, L. E. H., Datta, S., Dattilo, V, Dave, I, Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Davis, D., Davis, M. C., Daw, E. J., Dean, R., Debra, D., Deenadayalan, M., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deleglise, S., Del Favero, V, De Lillo, F., De Lillo, N., Del Pozzo, W., Demarchi, L. M., De Matteis, F., D'Emilio, V, Demos, N., Dent, T., Depasse, A., De Pietri, R., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., Desalvo, R., De Simone, R., Dhur, Har, S., Diaz, M. C., Diaz-Ortiz, Didio, N. A., Dietrich, T., Di Fiore, L., Di Fronzo, C., Di Giorgio, C., Di Giovanni, F., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Di Lieto, A., Ding, B., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I, Di Renzo, F., Divakarla, A. K., Dmitriev, A., Doctor, Z., D'Onofrio, L., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Dorrington, I, Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Drori, Y., Ducoin, J-G, Dupej, P., Durante, O., D'Urso, D., Duverne, P-A, Dwyer, S. E., Eassa, C., Easter, P. J., Ebersold, M., Eckhardt, T., Eddolls, G., Edelman, B., Edo, T. B., Edy, O., Effler, A., Eguchi, S., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Eisenmann, M., Eisenstein, R. A., Ejlli, A., Engelby, E., Enomoto, Y., Errico, L., Essick, R. C., Estelles, H., Estevez, D., Etienne, Z., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Ewing, B. E., Fafone, V, Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Farah, A. M., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Farrow, N. W., Fauchon-Jones, E. J., Favaro, G., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fazio, M., Feicht, J., Fejer, M. M., Fenyvesi, E., Ferguson, D. L., Fern, ez-Galiana, A., Ferrante, I, Ferreira, T. A., Fidecaro, F., Figura, P., Fiori, I, Fishbach, M., Fisher, R. P., Fittipaldi, R., Fiumara, V, Flaminio, R., Floden, E., Fong, H., Font, J. A., Fornal, B., Forsyth, P. W. F., Franke, A., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frederick, C., Freed, J. P., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fronze, G. G., Fujii, Y., Fujikawa, Y., Fukunaga, M., Fukushima, M., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A., Gadre, B. U., Gair, J. R., Gais, J., Galaudage, S., Gamba, R., Ganapathy, D., Ganguly, A., Gao, D., Gaonkar, S. G., Garaventa, B., Garcia-Nunez, C., Garcia-Quiros, C., Garufi, F., Gateley, B., Gaudio, S., Gayathri, V, G-G, Ge, Gemme, G., Gennai, A., George, J., Gerberding, O., Gergely, L., Gewecke, P., Ghonge, S., Ghosh, Abhirup, Ghosh, Archisman, Ghosh, Shaon, Ghosh, Shrobana, Giacomazzo, B., Giacoppo, L., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Gibson, D. R., Gier, C., Giesler, M., Giri, P., Gissi, F., Glanzer, J., Gleckl, A. E., Godwin, P., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gohlke, N., Goncharov, B., Gonzalez, G., Gopakumar, A., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Gould, D. W., Grace, B., Grado, A., Granata, M., Granata, V, Grant, A., Gras, S., Grassia, P., Gray, C., Gray, R., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Green, R., Gretarsson, A. M., Gretarsson, E. M., Griffith, D., Griffiths, W., Griggs, H. L., Grignani, G., Grimaldi, A., Grimm, S. J., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Gruning, P., Guerra, D., Guidi, G. M., Guimaraes, A. R., Guixe, G., Gulati, H. K., Guo, H-K, Guo, Y., Gupta, Anchal, Gupta, Anuradha, Gupta, P., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Guzman, F., Ha, S., Haegel, L., Hagiwara, A., Haino, S., Halim, O., Hall, E. D., Hamilton, E. Z., Hammond, G., Han, W-B, Haney, M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hannuksela, O., Hansen, H., Hansen, T. J., Hanson, J., Harder, T., Hardwick, T., Haris, K., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hartwig, D., Hasegawa, K., Haskell, B., Hasskew, R. K., Haster, C-J, Hattori, K., Haughian, K., Hayakawa, H., Hayama, K., Hayes, F. J., Healy, J., Heidmann, A., Heidt, A., Heintze, M. C., Heinze, J., Heinzel, J., Heitmann, H., Hellman, F., Hello, P., Helmling-Cornell, A. F., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennes, E., Hennig, J., Hennig, M. H., Hern, A. G., Ez, Vivanco, F. Hern, Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hill, P., Himemoto, Y., Hines, A. S., Hiranuma, Y., Hirata, N., Hirose, E., Hochheim, S., Hofman, D., Hohmann, J. N., Holcomb, D. G., Holl, N. A., Hollows, I. J., Holmes, Z. J., Holt, K., Holz, D. E., Hong, Z., Hopkins, P., Hough, J., Hourihane, S., Howell, E. J., Hoy, C. G., Hoyl, Hreibi, A., Hsieh, B-H, Hsu, Y., Huang, G-Z, Huang, H-Y, Huang, P., Huang, Y-C, Huang, Y-J, Huang, Y., Hubner, M. T., Huddart, A. D., Hughey, B., Hui, D. C. Y., Hui, V, Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huxford, R., Huynh-Dinh, T., Ide, S., Idzkowski, B., Iess, A., Ikenoue, B., Imam, S., Inayoshi, K., Ingram, C., Inoue, Y., Ioka, K., Isi, M., Isleif, K., Ito, K., Itoh, Y., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jaberianhamedan, V, Jacqmin, T., Jadhav, S. J., Jadhav, S. P., James, A. L., Jan, A. Z., Jani, K., Janquart, J., Janssens, K., Janthalur, N. N., Jaranowski, P., Jariwala, D., Jaume, R., Jenkins, A. C., Jenner, K., Jeon, C., Jeunon, M., Jia, W., Jin, H-B, Johns, G. R., Jones, A. W., Jones, I, Jones, J. D., Jones, P., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Jung, P., Jung, K., Junker, J., Juste, V, Kaihotsu, K., Kajita, T., Kakizaki, M., Kalaghatgi, Kalogera, V, Kamai, B., Kamiizumi, M., K, A, N., Hasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kao, Y., Kapadia, S. J., Kapasi, D. P., Karat, S., Karathanasis, C., Karki, S., Kashyap, R., Kasprzack, M., Kastaun, W., Katsanevas, S., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaur, T., Kawabe, K., Kawaguchi, K., Kawai, N., Kawasaki, T., Kefelian, F., Keitel, D., Key, J. S., Khadka, S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, S., Khazanov, E. A., Khetan, N., Khursheed, M., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, C., Kim, J. C., Kim, J., Kim, K., Kim, W. S., Kim, Y-M, Kimball, C., Kimura, N., Kinley-Hanlon, M., Kirchhoff, R., Kissel, J. S., Kita, N., Kitazawa, H., Kleybolte, L., Klimenko, S., Knee, A. M., Knowles, T. D., Knyazev, E., Koch, P., Koekoek, G., Kojima, Y., Kokeyama, K., Koley, S., Kolitsidou, P., Kolstein, M., Komori, K., Kondrashov, V, Kong, A. K. H., Kontos, A., Koper, N., Korobko, M., Kotake, K., Kovalam, M., Kozak, D. B., Kozakai, C., Kozu, R., Kringel, V, Krishnendu, Krolak, A., Kuehn, G., Kuei, F., Kuijer, P., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kumar, Rahul, Kumar, Rakesh, Kume, J., Kuns, K., Kuo, C., Kuo, H-S, Kuromiya, Y., Kuroyanagi, S., Kusayanagi, K., Kuwahara, S., Kwak, K., Lagabbe, P., Laghi, D., Lal, E, E., Lam, T. L., Lamberts, A., L, Ry, M., Lane, B. B., Lang, R. N., Lange, J., Lantz, B., La Rosa, I, Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lasky, P. D., Laxen, M., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lecoeuche, Y. K., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, H. W., Lee, J., Lee, K., Lee, R., Lehmann, J., Lemaitre, A., Leonardi, M., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levesque, C., Levin, Y., Leviton, J. N., Leyde, K., A. K. Y., Li, Li, B., Li, J., K. L., Li, T. G. F., Li, Li, X., Lin, C-Y, Lin, F-K, Lin, F-L, Lin, H. L., Lin, L. C-C, Linde, F., Linker, S. D., Linley, J. N., Littenberg, T. B., Liu, G. C., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liu, X., Llamas, F., Llorens-Monteagudo, M., R. K. L., Lo, Lockwood, A., London, L. T., Longo, A., Lopez, D., Portilla, M. Lopez, Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V, Lorm, Losurdo, G., Lott, T. P., Lough, J. D., Lousto, C. O., Lovelace, G., Lucaccioni, J. F., Luck, H., Lumaca, D., Lundgren, A. P., Luo, L-W, Lynam, J. E., Macas, R., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Macmillan, I. A. O., Macquet, A., I. Magana, Ez, Magazzu, C., Magee, R. M., Maggiore, R., Magnozzi, M., Mahesh, S., Majorana, E., Makarem, C., Maksimovic, I, Maliakal, S., Malik, A., Man, N., M, Ic, V, Mangano, V, Mango, J. L., Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Mapelli, M., Marchesoni, F., Marchio, M., Marion, F., Mark, Z., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Markakis, C., Markosyan, A. S., Markowitz, A., Maros, E., Marquina, A., Marsat, S., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martinez, M., Martinez, V. A., Martinez, V, Martinovic, K., Martynov, Marx, E. J., Masalehdan, H., Mason, K., Massera, E., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Masso-Reid, M., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matas, A., Mateu-Lucena, M., Matichard, F., Matiushechkina, M., Mavalvala, N., Mccann, J. J., Mccarthy, R., Mcclell, D. E., Mcclincy, P. K., Mccormick, S., Mcculler, L., Mcghee, Mcguire, S. C., Mcisaac, C., Mciver, J., Mcrae, T., Mcwilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Mehmet, M., Mehta, A. K., Meijer, Q., Melatos, A., Melchor, D. A., Mendell, G., Menendez-Vazquez, A., Menoni, C. S., Mercer, R. A., Mereni, L., Merfeld, K., Merilh, E. L., Merritt, J. D., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Meyers, P. M., Meylahn, F., Mhaske, A., Miani, A., Miao, H., Michaloliakos, I, Michel, C., Michimura, Y., Middleton, H., Milano, L., Miller, A. L., Miller, A., Miller, B., Millhouse, M., Mills, J. C., Milotti, E., Minazzoli, O., Minenkov, Y., Mio, N., Mir, Ll M., Miravet-Tenes, M., Mishra, C., Mishra, T., Mistry, T., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Miyamoto, A., Miyazaki, Y., Miyo, K., Miyoki, S., Geoffrey, Mo, Moguel, E., Mogushi, K., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Mohite, S. R., Molina, I, Molina-Ruiz, M., Mondin, M., Montani, M., Moore, C. J., Moraru, D., Morawski, F., More, A., Moreno, C., Moreno, G., Mori, Y., Morisaki, S., Moriwaki, Y., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mozzon, S., Muciaccia, F., Mukherjee, Arunava, Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, Soma, Mukherjee, Subroto, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Muniz, E. A., Murray, P. G., Musenich, R., Muusse, S., Nadji, S. L., Nagano, K., Nagano, S., Nagar, A., Nakamura, K., Nakano, H., Nakano, M., Nakashima, R., Nakayama, Y., Napolano, V, Nardecchia, I, Narikawa, T., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, B., Nayak, R. K., Negishi, R., Neil, B. F., Neilson, J., Nelemans, G., Nelson, T. J. N., Nery, M., Neubauer, P., Neunzert, A., K. Y., Ng, S. W. S., Ng, Nguyen, C., Nguyen, P., Nguyen, T., Quynh, L. Nguyen, W-T, Ni, Nichols, S. A., Nishizawa, A., Nissanke, S., Nitoglia, E., Nocera, F., Norman, M., North, C., Nozaki, S., Nuttall, L. K., Oberling, J., O'Brien, B. D., Obuchi, Y., O'Dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogaki, W., Oganesyan, G., J. J., Oh, Oh, K., S. H., Oh, Ohashi, M., Ohishi, N., Ohkawa, M., Ohme, F., Ohta, H., Okada, M. A., Okutani, Y., Okutomi, K., Olivetto, C., Oohara, K., Ooi, C., Oram, R., O'Reilly, B., Ormiston, R. G., Ormsby, N. D., Ortega, L. F., O'Shaughnessy, R., O'Shea, E., Oshino, S., Ossokine, S., Osthelder, C., Otabe, S., Ottaway, D. J., Overmier, H., Pace, A. E., Pagano, G., Page, M. A., Pagliaroli, G., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pan, H., Pan, K., P, P. K., A, Pang, H., Pang, P. T. H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Panther, F. H., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Paolone, A., Parisi, A., Park, H., Park, J., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patel, M., Pathak, M., Patricelli, B., Patron, A. S., Patrone, S., Paul, S., Payne, E., Pedraza, M., Pegoraro, M., Pele, A., Arellano, F. E. Pena, Penn, S., Perego, A., Pereira, A., Pereira, T., Perez, C. J., Perigois, C., Perkins, C. C., Perreca, A., Perries, S., Petermann, J., Petterson, D., Pfeiffer, H. P., Pham, K. A., Phukon, K. S., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piendibene, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierini, L., Pierro, V, Pillant, G., Pillas, M., Pilo, F., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pinto, M., Piotrzkowski, K., Pirello, M., Pitkin, M. D., Placidi, E., Planas, L., Plastino, W., Pluchar, C., Poggiani, R., Polini, E., Pong, D. Y. T., Ponrathnam, S., Popolizio, P., Porter, E. K., Poulton, R., Powell, J., Pracchia, M., Pradier, T., Prajapati, A. K., Prasai, K., Prasanna, R., Pratten, G., Principe, M., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Prosposito, P., Prudenzi, L., Puecher, A., Punturo, M., Puosi, F., Puppo, P., Purrer, M., Qi, H., Quetschke, V, Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Raaijmakers, G., Radkins, H., Radulesco, N., Raffai, P., Rail, S. X., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Ramirez, K. E., Ramirez, T. D., Ramos-Buades, A., Rana, J., Rapagnani, P., Rapol, U. D., Ray, A., Raymond, V, Raza, N., Razzano, M., Read, J., Rees, L. A., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reid, S. W., Reitze, D. H., Relton, P., Renzini, A., Rettegno, P., Rezac, M., Ricci, F., Richards, D., Richardson, J. W., Richardson, L., Riemenschneider, G., Riles, K., Rinaldi, S., Rink, K., Rizzo, M., Robertson, N. A., Robie, R., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rodriguez, S., Roll, Rollins, J. G., Romanelli, M., Romano, R., Romel, C. L., Romero-Rodriguez, A., Romero-Shaw, I. M., Romie, J. H., Ronchini, S., Rosa, L., Rose, C. A., Ross, M. P., Rowan, S., Rowlinson, S. J., Roy, S., Roy, Santosh, Roy, Soumen, Rozza, D., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadiq, J., Sago, N., Saito, S., Saito, Y., Sakai, K., Sakai, Y., Sakellariadou, M., Sakuno, Y., Salafia, O. S., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Samajdar, A., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, J. H., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., S, Ers, J. R., Sanuy, A., Saravanan, T. R., Sarin, N., Sassolas, B., Satari, H., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Sato, S., Sato, T., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Sawada, T., Sawant, D., Sawant, H. L., Sayah, S., Schaetzl, D., Scheel, M., Scheuer, J., Schiworski, M., Schmidt, P., Schmidt, S., Schnabel, R., Schneewind, M., Schofield, R. M. S., Schoenbeck, A., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Schwartz, E., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiguchi, Y., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Seo, E. G., Sequino, V, Sergeev, A., Setyawati, Y., Shaffer, T., Shahriar, M. S., Shams, B., Shao, L., Sharma, A., Sharma, P., Shawhan, P., Shcheblanov, N. S., Shibagaki, S., Shikauchi, M., Shimizu, R., Shimoda, T., Shimode, K., Shinkai, H., Shishido, T., Shoda, A., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Shyamsundar, S., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Singer, L. P., Singh, D., Singh, N., Singha, A., Sintes, A. M., Sipala, V, Skliris, V, Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smetana, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, R. J. E., Soldateschi, J., Somala, S. N., Somiya, K., Son, E. J., Soni, K., Soni, S., Sordini, V, Sorrentino, F., Sorrentino, N., Sotani, H., Soulard, R., Souradeep, T., Sowell, E., Spagnuolo, V, Spencer, A. P., Spera, M., Srinivasan, R., Srivastava, A. K., Srivastava, V, Staats, K., Stachie, C., Steer, D. A., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Stops, D. J., Stover, M., Strain, K. A., Strang, L. C., Stratta, G., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Sudhagar, S., Sudhir, V, Sugimoto, R., Suh, H. G., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, H., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Sur, A., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Suzuki, Takamasa, Suzuki, Toshikazu, Swinkels, B. L., Szewczyk, P., Tacca, M., Tagoshi, H., Tait, S. C., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, R., Takamori, A., Takano, S., Takeda, H., Takeda, M., Talbot, C. J., Talbot, C., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, Kazuyuki, Tanaka, Kenta, Tanaka, Taiki, Tanaka, Takahiro, Tanasijczuk, A. J., Tanioka, S., Tanner, D. B., Tao, D., Tao, L., San Martin, E. N. Tapia, Taranto, C., Tasson, J. D., Telada, S., Tenorio, R., Terhune, J. E., Terkowski, L., Thirugnanasamb, M. P., Am, Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thompson, J. E., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tiwari, Shubhanshu, Tiwari, Srishti, Tiwari, V, Toivonen, A. M., Tol, Tolley, A. E., Tomaru, T., Tomigami, Y., Tomura, T., Tonelli, M., Torres-Forne, A., Torrie, Melo, I. Tosta E., Toyra, D., Trapananti, A., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trevor, M., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Troiano, L., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R. J., Tsai, D. S., Tsai, D., Tsang, K. W., Tsang, T., Tsao, J-S, Tse, M., Tso, R., Tsubono, K., Tsuchida, S., Tsukada, L., Tsuna, D., Tsutsui, T., Tsuzuki, T., Turbang, K., Turconi, M., Tuyenbayev, D., Ubhi, A. S., Uchikata, N., Uchiyama, T., Udall, R. P., Ueda, A., Uehara, T., Ueno, K., Ueshima, G., Uraguchi, F., Urban, A. L., Ushiba, T., Utina, A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Vajpeyi, A., Valdes, G., Valentini, M., Valsan, V., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van den Br, J. F. J., Van den Broeck, C., er-Hyde, D. C., van der Schaaf, L., Van, Heijningen, Vanosky, J., van Putten, M. H. P. M., van Remortel, N., Vardaro, M., Vargas, A. F., Varma, V., Vasuth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venneberg, J., Venugopalan, G., Verkindt, D., Verma, P., Verma, Y., Veske, D., Vetrano, F., Vicere, A., Vidyant, S., Viets, A. D., Vijaykumar, A., Villa-Ortega, V., Vinet, J-Y, Virtuoso, A., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., von Reis, E. R. G., von Wrangel, J. S. A., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Wagner, K. J., Walet, R. C., Walker, M., Wallace, G. S., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, J., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Ward, R. L., Warner, J., Was, M., Washimi, T., Washington, N. Y., Watchi, J., Weaver, B., Webster, S. A., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Weller, C. M., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Wessels, P., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., White, D. D., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wilken, D., Williams, D., Williams, M. J., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wilson, D. J., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wlodarczyk, T., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wong, I. C. F., Wu, C., D. S., Wu, Wu, H., Wu, S., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, L., W-R, Xu, Yamada, T., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, Kazuhiro, Yamamoto, Kohei, Yamamoto, T., Yamashita, K., Yamazaki, R., Yang, F. W., Yang, L., Yang, Y., Yang, Yang, Yang, Z., Yap, M. J., Yeeles, D. W., Yelikar, A. B., Ying, M., Yokogawa, K., Yokoyama, J., Yokozawa, T., Yoo, J., Yoshioka, T., Hang, Yu, Haocun, Yu, Yuzurihara, H., Zanolin, M., Zeidler, S., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J-P, Zevin, M., Zhan, M., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, G., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Yue, Zhou, R., Zhou, Z., Zhu, X. J., Zhu, Z-H, Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., LIGO Sci Collaboration, Virgo, Collaboration, Kagra, Collaboration, Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and G, Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des deux Infinis de Toulouse (L2IT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES), IHES, LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, KAGRA, Virgo, National Science Foundation (US), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Max Planck Society, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Govern de les Illes Balears, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, European Research Council, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Spectroscopies optiques des matériaux verres, amorphes et à nanoparticules (SOPRANO), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (IHES), LIGO Scientific, Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Akutsu, T., Albanesi, S., Allocca, A., Altin, P. A., Amato, A., Anand, C., Anand, S., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andric, T., Angelova, S. V., Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Appert, S., Arai, K., Arai, Y., Araki, S., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Arene, M., Aritomi, N., Arnaud, N., Aronson, S. M., Arun, K. G., Asada, H., Asali, Y., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Austin, C., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bae, Y., Baer, A. M., Bagnasco, S., Bai, Y., Baiotti, L., Baird, J., Bajpai, R., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Balsamo, A., Baltus, G., Banagiri, S., Bankar, D., Barayoga, J. C., Barbieri, C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J. C., Baylor, A. C., Bazzan, M., Becsy, B., Bedakihale, V. M., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Benedetto, V., Beniwal, D., Bennett, T. F., Bentley, J. D., Benyaala, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, D., Bhandare, R., Bhardwaj, U., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Bini, S., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Bischi, M., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Biswas, B., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. -A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Boldrini, M., Bonavena, L. D., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Boom, B. A., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, N., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Boudart, V., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Bramley, A., Branch, A., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Briggs, J. H., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brooks, J., Brown, D. D., Brunett, S., Bruno, G., Bruntz, R., Bryant, J., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buscicchio, R., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. C., Callaghan, J. D., Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Cameron, J., Camp, J. B., Canepa, M., Canevarolo, S., Cannavacciuolo, M., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, Z., Capocasa, E., Capote, E., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Carlin, J. B., Carney, M. F., Carpinelli, M., Carrillo, G., Carullo, G., Carver, T. L., Diaz, J. C., Casentini, C., Castaldi, G., Caudill, S., Cavaglia, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Ceasar, M., Cella, G., Cerda-Duran, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, W., Chakravarti, K., Subrahmanya, S. C., Champion, E., Chan, C. -H., Chan, C., Chan, C. L., Chan, K., Chan, M., Chandra, K., Chanial, P., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chase, E. A., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, C., Chatterjee, D., Chaturvedi, M., Chaty, S., Chen, C., Chen, H. Y., Chen, J., Chen, K., Chen, X., Chen, Y. -B., Chen, Y. -R., Chen, Z., Cheng, H., Cheong, C. K., Cheung, H. Y., Chia, H. Y., Chiadini, F., Chiang, C. -Y., Chiarini, G., Chierici, R., Chincarini, A., Chiofalo, M. L., Chiummo, A., Cho, G., Cho, H. S., Choudhary, R. K., Choudhary, S., Christensen, N., Chu, H., Chu, Q., Chu, Y. -K., Chua, S., Chung, K. W., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Cieslar, M., Cifaldi, M., Ciobanu, A. A., Ciolfi, R., Cipriano, F., Cirone, A., Clara, F., Clark, E. N., Clark, J. A., Clarke, L., Clearwater, P., Clesse, S., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Codazzo, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Cohen, D. E., Cohen, L., Colleoni, M., Collette, C. G., Colombo, A., Colpi, M., Compton, C. M., Constancio, M., Conti, L., Cooper, S. J., Corban, P., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrion, I., Corezzi, S., Corley, K. R., Cornish, N., Corre, D., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Cotesta, R., Coughlin, M. W., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Cousins, B., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Criswell, A. W., Croquette, M., Crowder, S. G., Cudell, J. R., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cummings, R., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Curylo, M., Dabadie, P., Canton, T. D., Dall'Osso, S., Dalya, G., Dana, A., Daneshgaranbajastani, L. M., D'Angelo, B., Danilishin, S., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darsow-Fromm, C., Dasgupta, A., Datrier, L. E. H., Datta, S., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Davis, D., Davis, M. C., Daw, E. J., Dean, R., Debra, D., Deenadayalan, M., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deleglise, S., Del Favero, V., De Lillo, F., De Lillo, N., Del Pozzo, W., Demarchi, L. M., De Matteis, F., D'Emilio, V., Demos, N., Dent, T., Depasse, A., De Pietri, R., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., Desalvo, R., De Simone, R., Dhurandhar, S., Diaz, M. C., Diaz-Ortiz, M., Didio, N. A., Dietrich, T., Di Fiore, L., Di Fronzo, C., Di Giorgio, C., Di Giovanni, F., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Di Lieto, A., Ding, B., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Renzo, F., Divakarla, A. K., Dmitriev, A., Doctor, Z., D'Onofrio, L., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Dorrington, I., Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Drori, Y., Ducoin, J. -G., Dupej, P., Durante, O., D'Urso, D., Duverne, P. -A., Dwyer, S. E., Eassa, C., Easter, P. J., Ebersold, M., Eckhardt, T., Eddolls, G., Edelman, B., Edo, T. B., Edy, O., Effler, A., Eguchi, S., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Eisenmann, M., Eisenstein, R. A., Ejlli, A., Engelby, E., Enomoto, Y., Errico, L., Essick, R. C., Estelles, H., Estevez, D., Etienne, Z., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Ewing, B. E., Fafone, V., Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Farah, A. M., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Farrow, N. W., Fauchon-Jones, E. J., Favaro, G., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fazio, M., Feicht, J., Fejer, M. M., Fenyvesi, E., Ferguson, D. L., Fernandez-Galiana, A., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, T. A., Fidecaro, F., Figura, P., Fiori, I., Fishbach, M., Fisher, R. P., Fittipaldi, R., Fiumara, V., Flaminio, R., Floden, E., Fong, H., Font, J. A., Fornal, B., Forsyth, P. W. F., Franke, A., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frederick, C., Freed, J. P., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fronze, G. G., Fujii, Y., Fujikawa, Y., Fukunaga, M., Fukushima, M., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A., Gadre, B. U., Gair, J. R., Gais, J., Galaudage, S., Gamba, R., Ganapathy, D., Ganguly, A., Gao, D., Gaonkar, S. G., Garaventa, B., Garcia-Nunez, C., Garcia-Quiros, C., Garufi, F., Gateley, B., Gaudio, S., Gayathri, V., Ge, G. -G., Gemme, G., Gennai, A., George, J., Gerberding, O., Gergely, L., Gewecke, P., Ghonge, S., Ghosh, A., Ghosh, S., Giacomazzo, B., Giacoppo, L., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Gibson, D. R., Gier, C., Giesler, M., Giri, P., Gissi, F., Glanzer, J., Gleckl, A. E., Godwin, P., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gohlke, N., Goncharov, B., Gonzalez, G., Gopakumar, A., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Gould, D. W., Grace, B., Grado, A., Granata, M., Granata, V., Grant, A., Gras, S., Grassia, P., Gray, C., Gray, R., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Green, R., Gretarsson, A. M., Gretarsson, E. M., Griffith, D., Griffiths, W., Griggs, H. L., Grignani, G., Grimaldi, A., Grimm, S. J., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Gruning, P., Guerra, D., Guidi, G. M., Guimaraes, A. R., Guixe, G., Gulati, H. K., Guo, H. -K., Guo, Y., Gupta, A., Gupta, P., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Guzman, F., Ha, S., Haegel, L., Hagiwara, A., Haino, S., Halim, O., Hall, E. D., Hamilton, E. Z., Hammond, G., Han, W. -B., Haney, M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hannuksela, O., Hansen, H., Hansen, T. J., Hanson, J., Harder, T., Hardwick, T., Haris, K., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hartwig, D., Hasegawa, K., Haskell, B., Hasskew, R. K., Haster, C. -J., Hattori, K., Haughian, K., Hayakawa, H., Hayama, K., Hayes, F. J., Healy, J., Heidmann, A., Heidt, A., Heintze, M. C., Heinze, J., Heinzel, J., Heitmann, H., Hellman, F., Hello, P., Helmling-Cornell, A. F., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennes, E., Hennig, J., Hennig, M. H., Hernandez, A. G., Vivanco, F. H., Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hill, P., Himemoto, Y., Hines, A. S., Hiranuma, Y., Hirata, N., Hirose, E., Hochheim, S., Hofman, D., Hohmann, J. N., Holcomb, D. G., Holland, N. A., Hollows, I. J., Holmes, Z. J., Holt, K., Holz, D. E., Hong, Z., Hopkins, P., Hough, J., Hourihane, S., Howell, E. J., Hoy, C. G., Hoyland, D., Hreibi, A., Hsieh, B. -H., Hsu, Y., Huang, G. -Z., Huang, H. -Y., Huang, P., Huang, Y. -C., Huang, Y. -J., Huang, Y., Hubner, M. T., Huddart, A. D., Hughey, B., Hui, D. C. Y., Hui, V., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huxford, R., Huynh-Dinh, T., Ide, S., Idzkowski, B., Iess, A., Ikenoue, B., Imam, S., Inayoshi, K., Ingram, C., Inoue, Y., Ioka, K., Isi, M., Isleif, K., Ito, K., Itoh, Y., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jaberianhamedan, V., Jacqmin, T., Jadhav, S. J., Jadhav, S. P., James, A. L., Jan, A. Z., Jani, K., Janquart, J., Janssens, K., Janthalur, N. N., Jaranowski, P., Jariwala, D., Jaume, R., Jenkins, A. C., Jenner, K., Jeon, C., Jeunon, M., Jia, W., Jin, H. -B., Johns, G. R., Jones, A. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, J. D., Jones, P., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Jung, P., Jung, K., Junker, J., Juste, V., Kaihotsu, K., Kajita, T., Kakizaki, M., Kalaghatgi, C. V., Kalogera, V., Kamai, B., Kamiizumi, M., Kanda, N., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kao, Y., Kapadia, S. J., Kapasi, D. P., Karat, S., Karathanasis, C., Karki, S., Kashyap, R., Kasprzack, M., Kastaun, W., Katsanevas, S., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaur, T., Kawabe, K., Kawaguchi, K., Kawai, N., Kawasaki, T., Kefelian, F., Keitel, D., Key, J. S., Khadka, S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, S., Khazanov, E. A., Khetan, N., Khursheed, M., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, C., Kim, J. C., Kim, J., Kim, K., Kim, W. S., Kim, Y. -M., Kimball, C., Kimura, N., Kinley-Hanlon, M., Kirchhoff, R., Kissel, J. S., Kita, N., Kitazawa, H., Kleybolte, L., Klimenko, S., Knee, A. M., Knowles, T. D., Knyazev, E., Koch, P., Koekoek, G., Kojima, Y., Kokeyama, K., Koley, S., Kolitsidou, P., Kolstein, M., Komori, K., Kondrashov, V., Kong, A. K. H., Kontos, A., Koper, N., Korobko, M., Kotake, K., Kovalam, M., Kozak, D. B., Kozakai, C., Kozu, R., Kringel, V., Krishnendu, N. V., Krolak, A., Kuehn, G., Kuei, F., Kuijer, P., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kume, J., Kuns, K., Kuo, C., Kuo, H. -S., Kuromiya, Y., Kuroyanagi, S., Kusayanagi, K., Kuwahara, S., Kwak, K., Lagabbe, P., Laghi, D., Lalande, E., Lam, T. L., Lamberts, A., Landry, M., Lane, B. B., Lang, R. N., Lange, J., Lantz, B., La Rosa, I., Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lasky, P. D., Laxen, M., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lecoeuche, Y. K., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, H. W., Lee, J., Lee, K., Lee, R., Lehmann, J., Lemaitre, A., Leonardi, M., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levesque, C., Levin, Y., Leviton, J. N., Leyde, K., Li, A. K. Y., Li, B., Li, J., Li, K. L., Li, T. G. F., Li, X., Lin, C. -Y., Lin, F. -K., Lin, F. -L., Lin, H. L., Lin, L. C. -C., Linde, F., Linker, S. D., Linley, J. N., Littenberg, T. B., Liu, G. C., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liu, X., Llamas, F., Llorens-Monteagudo, M., Lo, R. K. L., Lockwood, A., London, L. T., Longo, A., Lopez, D., Portilla, M. L., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lott, T. P., Lough, J. D., Lousto, C. O., Lovelace, G., Lucaccioni, J. F., Luck, H., Lumaca, D., Lundgren, A. P., Luo, L. -W., Lynam, J. E., Macas, R., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Macmillan, I. A. O., Macquet, A., Hernandez, I. M., Magazzu, C., Magee, R. M., Maggiore, R., Magnozzi, M., Mahesh, S., Majorana, E., Makarem, C., Maksimovic, I., Maliakal, S., Malik, A., Man, N., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mango, J. L., Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Mapelli, M., Marchesoni, F., Marchio, M., Marion, F., Mark, Z., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Markakis, C., Markosyan, A. S., Markowitz, A., Maros, E., Marquina, A., Marsat, S., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martinez, M., Martinez, V. A., Martinez, V., Martinovic, K., Martynov, D. V., Marx, E. J., Masalehdan, H., Mason, K., Massera, E., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Masso-Reid, M., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matas, A., Mateu-Lucena, M., Matichard, F., Matiushechkina, M., Mavalvala, N., Mccann, J. J., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D. E., Mcclincy, P. K., Mccormick, S., Mcculler, L., Mcghee, G. I., Mcguire, S. C., Mcisaac, C., Mciver, J., Mcrae, T., Mcwilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Mehmet, M., Mehta, A. K., Meijer, Q., Melatos, A., Melchor, D. A., Mendell, G., Menendez-Vazquez, A., Menoni, C. S., Mercer, R. A., Mereni, L., Merfeld, K., Merilh, E. L., Merritt, J. D., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Meyers, P. M., Meylahn, F., Mhaske, A., Miani, A., Miao, H., Michaloliakos, I., Michel, C., Michimura, Y., Middleton, H., Milano, L., Miller, A. L., Miller, A., Miller, B., Millhouse, M., Mills, J. C., Milotti, E., Minazzoli, O., Minenkov, Y., Mio, N., Mir, L. M., Miravet-Tenes, M., Mishra, C., Mishra, T., Mistry, T., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Miyamoto, A., Miyazaki, Y., Miyo, K., Miyoki, S., Mo, G., Moguel, E., Mogushi, K., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Mohite, S. R., Molina, I., Molina-Ruiz, M., Mondin, M., Montani, M., Moore, C. J., Moraru, D., Morawski, F., More, A., Moreno, C., Moreno, G., Mori, Y., Morisaki, S., Moriwaki, Y., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mozzon, S., Muciaccia, F., Mukherjee, A., Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, S., Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Muniz, E. A., Murray, P. G., Musenich, R., Muusse, S., Nadji, S. L., Nagano, K., Nagano, S., Nagar, A., Nakamura, K., Nakano, H., Nakano, M., Nakashima, R., Nakayama, Y., Napolano, V., Nardecchia, I., Narikawa, T., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, B., Nayak, R. K., Negishi, R., Neil, B. F., Neilson, J., Nelemans, G., Nelson, T. J. N., Nery, M., Neubauer, P., Neunzert, A., Ng, K. Y., Ng, S. W. S., Nguyen, C., Nguyen, P., Nguyen, T., Quynh, L. N., Ni, W. -T., Nichols, S. A., Nishizawa, A., Nissanke, S., Nitoglia, E., Nocera, F., Norman, M., North, C., Nozaki, S., Nuttall, L. K., Oberling, J., O'Brien, B. D., Obuchi, Y., O'Dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogaki, W., Oganesyan, G., Oh, J. J., Oh, K., Oh, S. H., Ohashi, M., Ohishi, N., Ohkawa, M., Ohme, F., Ohta, H., Okada, M. A., Okutani, Y., Okutomi, K., Olivetto, C., Oohara, K., Ooi, C., Oram, R., O'Reilly, B., Ormiston, R. G., Ormsby, N. D., Ortega, L. F., O'Shaughnessy, R., O'Shea, E., Oshino, S., Ossokine, S., Osthelder, C., Otabe, S., Ottaway, D. J., Overmier, H., Pace, A. E., Pagano, G., Page, M. A., Pagliaroli, G., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pan, H., Pan, K., Panda, P. K., Pang, H., Pang, P. T. H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Panther, F. H., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Paolone, A., Parisi, A., Park, H., Park, J., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patel, M., Pathak, M., Patricelli, B., Patron, A. S., Patrone, S., Paul, S., Payne, E., Pedraza, M., Pegoraro, M., Pele, A., Arellano, F. E. P., Penn, S., Perego, A., Pereira, A., Pereira, T., Perez, C. J., Perigois, C., Perkins, C. C., Perreca, A., Perries, S., Petermann, J., Petterson, D., Pfeiffer, H. P., Pham, K. A., Phukon, K. S., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piendibene, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierini, L., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Pillas, M., Pilo, F., Pinard, L., Pinto, I., Pinto, M., Piotrzkowski, K., Pirello, M., Pitkin, M. D., Placidi, E., Planas, L., Plastino, W., Pluchar, C., Poggiani, R., Polini, E., Pong, D. Y. T., Ponrathnam, S., Popolizio, P., Porter, E. K., Poulton, R., Powell, J., Pracchia, M., Pradier, T., Prajapati, A. K., Prasai, K., Prasanna, R., Pratten, G., Principe, M., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Prosposito, P., Prudenzi, L., Puecher, A., Punturo, M., Puosi, F., Puppo, P., Purrer, M., Qi, H., Quetschke, V., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Raaijmakers, G., Radkins, H., Radulesco, N., Raffai, P., Rail, S. X., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Ramirez, K. E., Ramirez, T. D., Ramos-Buades, A., Rana, J., Rapagnani, P., Rapol, U. D., Ray, A., Raymond, V., Raza, N., Razzano, M., Read, J., Rees, L. A., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reid, S. W., Reitze, D. H., Relton, P., Renzini, A., Rettegno, P., Rezac, M., Ricci, F., Richards, D., Richardson, J. W., Richardson, L., Riemenschneider, G., Riles, K., Rinaldi, S., Rink, K., Rizzo, M., Robertson, N. A., Robie, R., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rodriguez, S., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Romanelli, M., Romano, R., Romel, C. L., Romero-Rodriguez, A., Romero-Shaw, I. M., Romie, J. H., Ronchini, S., Rosa, L., Rose, C. A., Rosinska, D., Ross, M. P., Rowan, S., Rowlinson, S. J., Roy, S., Rozza, D., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadiq, J., Sago, N., Saito, S., Saito, Y., Sakai, K., Sakai, Y., Sakellariadou, M., Sakuno, Y., Salafia, O. S., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Samajdar, A., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, J. H., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sanders, J. R., Sanuy, A., Saravanan, T. R., Sarin, N., Sassolas, B., Satari, H., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Sato, S., Sato, T., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Sawada, T., Sawant, D., Sawant, H. L., Sayah, S., Schaetzl, D., Scheel, M., Scheuer, J., Schiworski, M., Schmidt, P., Schmidt, S., Schnabel, R., Schneewind, M., Schofield, R. M. S., Schonbeck, A., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Schwartz, E., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiguchi, Y., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Seo, E. G., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Setyawati, Y., Shaffer, T., Shahriar, M. S., Shams, B., Shao, L., Sharma, A., Sharma, P., Shawhan, P., Shcheblanov, N. S., Shibagaki, S., Shikauchi, M., Shimizu, R., Shimoda, T., Shimode, K., Shinkai, H., Shishido, T., Shoda, A., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Shyamsundar, S., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Singer, L. P., Singh, D., Singh, N., Singha, A., Sintes, A. M., Sipala, V., Skliris, V., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smetana, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, R. J. E., Soldateschi, J., Somala, S. N., Somiya, K., Son, E. J., Soni, K., Soni, S., Sordini, V., Sorrentino, F., Sorrentino, N., Sotani, H., Soulard, R., Souradeep, T., Sowell, E., Spagnuolo, V., Spencer, A. P., Spera, M., Srinivasan, R., Srivastava, A. K., Srivastava, V., Staats, K., Stachie, C., Steer, D. A., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Stops, D. J., Stover, M., Strain, K. A., Strang, L. C., Stratta, G., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Sudhagar, S., Sudhir, V., Sugimoto, R., Suh, H. G., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, H., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Sur, A., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Suzuki, T., Swinkels, B. L., Szczepanczyk, M. J., Szewczyk, P., Tacca, M., Tagoshi, H., Tait, S. C., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, R., Takamori, A., Takano, S., Takeda, H., Takeda, M., Talbot, C. J., Talbot, C., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, T., Tanasijczuk, A. J., Tanioka, S., Tanner, D. B., Tao, D., Tao, L., Martin, E. N. T. S., Taranto, C., Tasson, J. D., Telada, S., Tenorio, R., Terhune, J. E., Terkowski, L., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thompson, J. E., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Toivonen, A. M., Toland, K., Tolley, A. E., Tomaru, T., Tomigami, Y., Tomura, T., Tonelli, M., Torres-Forne, A., Torrie, C. I., E Melo, I. T., Toyra, D., Trapananti, A., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trevor, M., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Troiano, L., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R. J., Tsai, D. S., Tsai, D., Tsang, K. W., Tsang, T., Tsao, J. -S., Tse, M., Tso, R., Tsubono, K., Tsuchida, S., Tsukada, L., Tsuna, D., Tsutsui, T., Tsuzuki, T., Turbang, K., Turconi, M., Tuyenbayev, D., Ubhi, A. S., Uchikata, N., Uchiyama, T., Udall, R. P., Ueda, A., Uehara, T., Ueno, K., Ueshima, G., Uraguchi, F., Urban, A. L., Ushiba, T., Utina, A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Vajpeyi, A., Valdes, G., Valentini, M., Valsan, V., Van Bakel, N., Van Beuzekom, M., Van Den Brand, J. F. J., Van Den Broeck, C., Vander-Hyde, D. C., Van Der Schaaf, L., Van Heijningen, J. V., Vanosky, J., Van Putten, M. H. P. M., Van Remortel, N., Vardaro, M., Vargas, A. F., Varma, V., Vasuth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venneberg, J., Venugopalan, G., Verkindt, D., Verma, P., Verma, Y., Veske, D., Vetrano, F., Vicere, A., Vidyant, S., Viets, A. D., Vijaykumar, A., Villa-Ortega, V., Vinet, J. -Y., Virtuoso, A., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Von Reis, E. R. G., Von Wrangel, J. S. A., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Wagner, K. J., Walet, R. C., Walker, M., Wallace, G. S., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, J., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Ward, R. L., Warner, J., Was, M., Washimi, T., Washington, N. Y., Watchi, J., Weaver, B., Webster, S. A., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Weller, C. M., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Wessels, P., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., White, D. D., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wilken, D., Williams, D., Williams, M. J., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wilson, D. J., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wlodarczyk, T., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wong, I. C. F., Wu, C., Wu, D. S., Wu, H., Wu, S., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, L., Xu, W. -R., Yamada, T., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T., Yamashita, K., Yamazaki, R., Yang, F. W., Yang, L., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yap, M. J., Yeeles, D. W., Yelikar, A. B., Ying, M., Yokogawa, K., Yokoyama, J., Yokozawa, T., Yoo, J., Yoshioka, T., Yu, H., Yuzurihara, H., Zadrozny, A., Zanolin, M., Zeidler, S., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zevin, M., Zhan, M., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, G., Zhao, Y., Zhou, R., Zhou, Z., Zhu, X. J., Zhu, Z. -H., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Andrić, T., Arai, Koji, Arai, Koya, Arène, M., Bécsy, B., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Diaz, J. Casanueva, Cavaglià, M., Cerdá-Durán, P., Subrahmanya, S. Chalathadka, Chatterjee, Debarati, Chatterjee, Deep, Chiang, C-Y., Chu, Y-K., Cieślar, M., Cordero-Carrión, I., Curyło, M., Canton, T. Dal, Dall’Osso, S., Dálya, G., D’Angelo, B., D’Antonio, S., Deléglise, S., D’Emilio, V., Díaz, M. C., D’Onofrio, L., D’Urso, D., Estellés, H., Fronzé, G. G., García-Núñez, C., García-Quirós, C., Ghosh, Abhirup, Ghosh, Archisman, Ghosh, Shaon, Ghosh, Shrobana, González, G., Guixé, G., Gupta, Anchal, Gupta, Anuradha, Vivanco, F. Hernandez, Hsieh, B-H., Huang, G-Z., Huang, H-Y., Huang, Y-C., Hübner, M. T., Kéfélian, F., Królak, A., Kumar, Rahul, Kumar, Rakesh, Kuo, H-S., Lemaître, A., Lin, C-Y., Lin, F-K., Lin, F-L., Portilla, M. Lopez, Lück, H., Hernandez, I. Magaña, Magazzù, C., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Mir, Ll. M., Miravet-Tenés, M., Mo, Geoffrey, Mukherjee, Arunava, Mukherjee, Soma, Mukherjee, Subroto, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Muñiz, E. A., Quynh, L. Nguyen, O’Brien, B. D., O’Dell, J., O’Reilly, B., O’Shaughnessy, R., O’Shea, E., Arellano, F. E. Peña, Périgois, C., Perriès, S., Pinto, I. M., Pürrer, M., Romero-Rodríguez, A., Rosińska, D., Roy, Santosh, Roy, Soumen, Schönbeck, A., Suzuki, Takamasa, Suzuki, Toshikazu, Szczepańczyk, M. J., Tanaka, Kazuyuki, Tanaka, Kenta, Tanaka, Taiki, Tanaka, Takahiro, Martin, E. N. Tapia San, Martín, E. N. Tapia San, Tiwari, Shubhanshu, Tiwari, Srishti, Torres-Forné, A., e Melo, I. Tosta, Töyrä, D., Tsao, J-S., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van den Brand, J. F. J., van der Schaaf, L., van Heijningen, J. V., van Putten, M. H. P. M., van Remortel, N., Vasúth, M., Viceré, A., von Reis, E. R. G., von Wrangel, J. S. A., Weßels, P., Xu, W-R., Yamamoto, Kazuhiro, Yamamoto, Kohei, Yang, Yang, Yu, Hang, Yu, Haocun, Zadrożny, A., Zhao, Yue, Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI), High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, IoP (FNWI), The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, The KAGRA Collaboration, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RS: FSE Grav. waves and fundamental physics, Grav. waves and fundamental physics, RS: FSE MSP, Abbott, R, Abbott, Td, Acernese, F, Ackley, K, Adams, C, Adhikari, N, Adhikari, Rx, Adya, Vb, Affeldt, C, Agarwal, D, Agathos, M, Agatsuma, K, Aggarwal, N, Aguiar, Od, Aiello, L, Ain, A, Ajith, P, Akutsu, T, Albanesi, S, Allocca, A, Altin, Pa, Amato, A, Anand, C, Anand, S, Ananyeva, A, Anderson, Sb, Anderson, Wg, Ando, M, Andrade, T, Andres, N, Angelova, Sv, Ansoldi, S, Antelis, Jm, Antier, S, Appert, S, Arai, K, Arai, Y, Araki, S, Araya, A, Araya, Mc, Areeda, J, Arene, M, Aritomi, N, Arnaud, N, Aronson, Sm, Arun, Kg, Asada, H, Asali, Y, Ashton, G, Aso, Y, Assiduo, M, Aston, Sm, Astone, P, Aubin, F, Austin, C, Babak, S, Badaracco, F, Bader, Mkm, Badger, C, Bae, S, Bae, Y, Baer, Am, Bagnasco, S, Bai, Y, Baiotti, L, Baird, J, Bajpai, R, Ball, M, Ballardin, G, Ballmer, Sw, Balsamo, A, Baltus, G, Banagiri, S, Bankar, D, Barayoga, Jc, Barbieri, C, Barish, Bc, Barker, D, Barneo, P, Barone, F, Barr, B, Barsotti, L, Barsuglia, M, Barta, D, Bartlett, J, Barton, Ma, Bartos, I, Bassiri, R, Basti, A, Bawaj, M, Bayley, Jc, Baylor, Ac, Bazzan, M, Becsy, B, Bedakihale, Vm, Bejger, M, Belahcene, I, Benedetto, V, Beniwal, D, Bennett, Tf, Bentley, Jd, Benyaala, M, Bergamin, F, Berger, Bk, Bernuzzi, S, Bersanetti, D, Bertolini, A, Betzwieser, J, Beveridge, D, Bhandare, R, Bhardwaj, U, Bhattacharjee, D, Bhaumik, S, Bilenko, Ia, Billingsley, G, Bini, S, Birney, R, Birnholtz, O, Biscans, S, Bischi, M, Biscoveanu, S, Bisht, A, Biswas, B, Bitossi, M, Bizouard, Ma, Blackburn, Jk, Blair, Cd, Blair, Dg, Blair, Rm, Bobba, F, Bode, N, Boer, M, Bogaert, G, Boldrini, M, Bonavena, Ld, Bondu, F, Bonilla, E, Bonnand, R, Booker, P, Boom, Ba, Bork, R, Boschi, V, Bose, N, Bose, S, Bossilkov, V, Boudart, V, Bouffanais, Y, Bozzi, A, Bradaschia, C, Brady, Pr, Bramley, A, Branch, A, Branchesi, M, Brau, Je, Breschi, M, Briant, T, Briggs, Jh, Brillet, A, Brinkmann, M, Brockill, P, Brooks, Af, Brooks, J, Brown, Dd, Brunett, S, Bruno, G, Bruntz, R, Bryant, J, Bulik, T, Bulten, Hj, Buonanno, A, Buscicchio, R, Buskulic, D, Buy, C, Byer, Rl, Cadonati, L, Cagnoli, G, Cahillane, C, Bustillo, Jc, Callaghan, Jd, Callister, Ta, Calloni, E, Cameron, J, Camp, Jb, Canepa, M, Canevarolo, S, Cannavacciuolo, M, Cannon, Kc, Cao, H, Cao, Z, Capocasa, E, Capote, E, Carapella, G, Carbognani, F, Carlin, Jb, Carney, Mf, Carpinelli, M, Carrillo, G, Carullo, G, Carver, Tl, Diaz, Jc, Casentini, C, Castaldi, G, Caudill, S, Cavaglia, M, Cavalier, F, Cavalieri, R, Ceasar, M, Cella, G, Cerda-Duran, P, Cesarini, E, Chaibi, W, Chakravarti, K, Subrahmanya, Sc, Champion, E, Chan, Ch, Chan, C, Chan, Cl, Chan, K, Chan, M, Chandra, K, Chanial, P, Chao, S, Charlton, P, Chase, Ea, Chassande-Mottin, E, Chatterjee, C, Chatterjee, D, Chaturvedi, M, Chaty, S, Chen, C, Chen, Hy, Chen, J, Chen, K, Chen, X, Chen, Yb, Chen, Yr, Chen, Z, Cheng, H, Cheong, Ck, Cheung, Hy, Chia, Hy, Chiadini, F, Chiang, Cy, Chiarini, G, Chierici, R, Chincarini, A, Chiofalo, Ml, Chiummo, A, Cho, G, Cho, H, Choudhary, Rk, Choudhary, S, Christensen, N, Chu, H, Chu, Q, Chu, Yk, Chua, S, Chung, Kw, Ciani, G, Ciecielag, P, Cifaldi, M, Ciobanu, Aa, Ciolfi, R, Cipriano, F, Cirone, A, Clara, F, Clark, En, Clark, Ja, Clarke, L, Clearwater, P, Clesse, S, Cleva, F, Coccia, E, Codazzo, E, Cohadon, Pf, Cohen, De, Cohen, L, Colleoni, M, Collette, Cg, Colombo, A, Colpi, M, Compton, Cm, Constancio, M, Conti, L, Cooper, Sj, Corban, P, Corbitt, Tr, Cordero-Carrion, I, Corezzi, S, Corley, Kr, Cornish, N, Corre, D, Corsi, A, Cortese, S, Costa, Ca, Cotesta, R, Coughlin, Mw, Coulon, Jp, Countryman, St, Cousins, B, Couvares, P, Coward, Dm, Cowart, Mj, Coyne, Dc, Coyne, R, Creighton, Jde, Creighton, Td, Criswell, Aw, Croquette, M, Crowder, Sg, Cudell, Jr, Cullen, Tj, Cumming, A, Cummings, R, Cunningham, L, Cuoco, E, Dabadie, P, Dal Canton, T, Dall'Osso, S, Dalya, G, Dana, A, Daneshgaranbajastani, Lm, D'Angelo, B, Danilishin, S, D'Antonio, S, Danzmann, K, Darsow-Fromm, C, Dasgupta, A, Datrier, Leh, Datta, S, Dattilo, V, Dave, I, Davier, M, Davies, G, Davis, D, Davis, Mc, Daw, Ej, Dean, R, Debra, D, Deenadayalan, M, Degallaix, J, De Laurentis, M, Deleglise, S, Del Favero, V, De Lillo, F, De Lillo, N, Del Pozzo, W, Demarchi, Lm, De Matteis, F, D'Emilio, V, Demos, N, Dent, T, Depasse, A, De Pietri, R, De Rosa, R, De Rossi, C, Desalvo, R, De Simone, R, Dhurandhar, S, Diaz, Mc, Diaz-Ortiz, M, Didio, Na, Dietrich, T, Di Fiore, L, Di Fronzo, C, Di Giorgio, C, Di Giovanni, F, Di Giovanni, M, Di Girolamo, T, Di Lieto, A, Ding, B, Di Pace, S, Di Palma, I, Di Renzo, F, Divakarla, Ak, Dmitriev, A, Doctor, Z, D'Onofrio, L, Donovan, F, Dooley, Kl, Doravari, S, Dorrington, I, Drago, M, Driggers, Jc, Drori, Y, Ducoin, Jg, Dupej, P, Durante, O, D'Urso, D, Duverne, Pa, Dwyer, Se, Eassa, C, Easter, Pj, Ebersold, M, Eckhardt, T, Eddolls, G, Edelman, B, Edo, Tb, Edy, O, Effler, A, Eguchi, S, Eichholz, J, Eikenberry, S, Eisenmann, M, Eisenstein, Ra, Ejlli, A, Engelby, E, Enomoto, Y, Errico, L, Essick, Rc, Estelles, H, Estevez, D, Etienne, Z, Etzel, T, Evans, M, Evans, Tm, Ewing, Be, Fafone, V, Fair, H, Fairhurst, S, Farah, Am, Farinon, S, Farr, B, Farr, Wm, Farrow, Nw, Fauchon-Jones, Ej, Favaro, G, Favata, M, Fays, M, Fazio, M, Feicht, J, Fejer, Mm, Fenyvesi, E, Ferguson, Dl, Fernandez-Galiana, A, Ferrante, I, Ferreira, Ta, Fidecaro, F, Figura, P, Fiori, I, Fishbach, M, Fisher, Rp, Fittipaldi, R, Fiumara, V, Flaminio, R, Floden, E, Fong, H, Font, Ja, Fornal, B, Forsyth, Pwf, Franke, A, Frasca, S, Frasconi, F, Frederick, C, Freed, Jp, Frei, Z, Freise, A, Frey, R, Fritschel, P, Frolov, Vv, Fronze, Gg, Fujii, Y, Fujikawa, Y, Fukunaga, M, Fukushima, M, Fulda, P, Fyffe, M, Gabbard, Ha, Gadre, Bu, Gair, Jr, Gais, J, Galaudage, S, Gamba, R, Ganapathy, D, Ganguly, A, Gao, D, Gaonkar, Sg, Garaventa, B, Garcia-Nunez, C, Garcia-Quiros, C, Garufi, F, Gateley, B, Gaudio, S, Gayathri, V, Ge, Gg, Gemme, G, Gennai, A, George, J, Gerberding, O, Gergely, L, Gewecke, P, Ghonge, S, Ghosh, A, Ghosh, S, Giacomazzo, B, Giacoppo, L, Giaime, Ja, Giardina, Kd, Gibson, Dr, Gier, C, Giesler, M, Giri, P, Gissi, F, Glanzer, J, Gleckl, Ae, Godwin, P, Goetz, E, Goetz, R, Gohlke, N, Goncharov, B, Gonzalez, G, Gopakumar, A, Gosselin, M, Gouaty, R, Gould, Dw, Grace, B, Grado, A, Granata, M, Granata, V, Grant, A, Gras, S, Grassia, P, Gray, C, Gray, R, Greco, G, Green, Ac, Green, R, Gretarsson, Am, Gretarsson, Em, Griffith, D, Griffiths, W, Griggs, Hl, Grignani, G, Grimaldi, A, Grimm, Sj, Grote, H, Grunewald, S, Gruning, P, Guerra, D, Guidi, Gm, Guimaraes, Ar, Guixe, G, Gulati, Hk, Guo, Hk, Guo, Y, Gupta, A, Gupta, P, Gustafson, Ek, Gustafson, R, Guzman, F, Ha, S, Haegel, L, Hagiwara, A, Haino, S, Halim, O, Hall, Ed, Hamilton, Ez, Hammond, G, Han, Wb, Haney, M, Hanks, J, Hanna, C, Hannam, Md, Hannuksela, O, Hansen, H, Hansen, Tj, Hanson, J, Harder, T, Hardwick, T, Haris, K, Harms, J, Harry, Gm, Harry, Iw, Hartwig, D, Hasegawa, K, Haskell, B, Hasskew, Rk, Haster, Cj, Hattori, K, Haughian, K, Hayakawa, H, Hayama, K, Hayes, Fj, Healy, J, Heidmann, A, Heidt, A, Heintze, Mc, Heinze, J, Heinzel, J, Heitmann, H, Hellman, F, Hello, P, Helmling-Cornell, Af, Hemming, G, Hendry, M, Heng, I, Hennes, E, Hennig, J, Hennig, Mh, Hernandez, Ag, Vivanco, Fh, Heurs, M, Hild, S, Hill, P, Himemoto, Y, Hines, A, Hiranuma, Y, Hirata, N, Hirose, E, Hochheim, S, Hofman, D, Hohmann, Jn, Holcomb, Dg, Holland, Na, Hollows, Ij, Holmes, Zj, Holt, K, Holz, De, Hong, Z, Hopkins, P, Hough, J, Hourihane, S, Howell, Ej, Hoy, Cg, Hoyland, D, Hreibi, A, Hsieh, Bh, Hsu, Y, Huang, Gz, Huang, Hy, Huang, P, Huang, Yc, Huang, Yj, Huang, Y, Hubner, Mt, Huddart, Ad, Hughey, B, Hui, Dcy, Hui, V, Husa, S, Huttner, Sh, Huxford, R, Huynh-Dinh, T, Ide, S, Idzkowski, B, Iess, A, Ikenoue, B, Imam, S, Inayoshi, K, Ingram, C, Inoue, Y, Ioka, K, Isi, M, Isleif, K, Ito, K, Itoh, Y, Iyer, Br, Izumi, K, Jaberianhamedan, V, Jacqmin, T, Jadhav, Sj, Jadhav, Sp, James, Al, Jan, Az, Jani, K, Janquart, J, Janssens, K, Janthalur, Nn, Jaranowski, P, Jariwala, D, Jaume, R, Jenkins, Ac, Jenner, K, Jeon, C, Jeunon, M, Jia, W, Jin, Hb, Johns, Gr, Jones, Aw, Jones, Di, Jones, Jd, Jones, P, Jones, R, Jonker, Rjg, Ju, L, Jung, P, Jung, K, Junker, J, Juste, V, Kaihotsu, K, Kajita, T, Kakizaki, M, Kalaghatgi, Cv, Kalogera, V, Kamai, B, Kamiizumi, M, Kanda, N, Kandhasamy, S, Kang, G, Kanner, Jb, Kao, Y, Kapadia, Sj, Kapasi, Dp, Karat, S, Karathanasis, C, Karki, S, Kashyap, R, Kasprzack, M, Kastaun, W, Katsanevas, S, Katsavounidis, E, Katzman, W, Kaur, T, Kawabe, K, Kawaguchi, K, Kawai, N, Kawasaki, T, Kefelian, F, Keitel, D, Key, J, Khadka, S, Khalili, Fy, Khan, S, Khazanov, Ea, Khetan, N, Khursheed, M, Kijbunchoo, N, Kim, C, Kim, Jc, Kim, J, Kim, K, Kim, W, Kim, Ym, Kimball, C, Kimura, N, Kinley-Hanlon, M, Kirchhoff, R, Kissel, J, Kita, N, Kitazawa, H, Kleybolte, L, Klimenko, S, Knee, Am, Knowles, Td, Knyazev, E, Koch, P, Koekoek, G, Kojima, Y, Kokeyama, K, Koley, S, Kolitsidou, P, Kolstein, M, Komori, K, Kondrashov, V, Kong, Akh, Kontos, A, Koper, N, Korobko, M, Kotake, K, Kovalam, M, Kozak, Db, Kozakai, C, Kozu, R, Kringel, V, Krishnendu, Nv, Krolak, A, Kuehn, G, Kuei, F, Kuijer, P, Kumar, A, Kumar, P, Kumar, R, Kume, J, Kuns, K, Kuo, C, Kuo, H, Kuromiya, Y, Kuroyanagi, S, Kusayanagi, K, Kuwahara, S, Kwak, K, Lagabbe, P, Laghi, D, Lalande, E, Lam, Tl, Lamberts, A, Landry, M, Lane, Bb, Lang, Rn, Lange, J, Lantz, B, La Rosa, I, Lartaux-Vollard, A, Lasky, Pd, Laxen, M, Lazzarini, A, Lazzaro, C, Leaci, P, Leavey, S, Lecoeuche, Yk, Lee, Hk, Lee, Hm, Lee, Hw, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lee, R, Lehmann, J, Lemaitre, A, Leonardi, M, Leroy, N, Letendre, N, Levesque, C, Levin, Y, Leviton, Jn, Leyde, K, Li, Aky, Li, B, Li, J, Li, Kl, Li, Tgf, Li, X, Lin, Cy, Lin, Fk, Lin, Fl, Lin, Hl, Lin, Lcc, Linde, F, Linker, Sd, Linley, Jn, Littenberg, Tb, Liu, Gc, Liu, J, Liu, K, Liu, X, Llamas, F, Llorens-Monteagudo, M, Lo, Rkl, Lockwood, A, London, Lt, Longo, A, Lopez, D, Portilla, Ml, Lorenzini, M, Loriette, V, Lormand, M, Losurdo, G, Lott, Tp, Lough, Jd, Lousto, Co, Lovelace, G, Lucaccioni, Jf, Luck, H, Lumaca, D, Lundgren, Ap, Luo, Lw, Lynam, Je, Macas, R, Macinnis, M, Macleod, Dm, Macmillan, Iao, Macquet, A, Hernandez, Im, Magazzu, C, Magee, Rm, Maggiore, R, Magnozzi, M, Mahesh, S, Majorana, E, Makarem, C, Maksimovic, I, Maliakal, S, Malik, A, Man, N, Mandic, V, Mangano, V, Mango, Jl, Mansell, Gl, Manske, M, Mantovani, M, Mapelli, M, Marchesoni, F, Marchio, M, Marion, F, Mark, Z, Marka, S, Marka, Z, Markakis, C, Markosyan, A, Markowitz, A, Maros, E, Marquina, A, Marsat, S, Martelli, F, Martin, Iw, Martin, Rm, Martinez, M, Martinez, Va, Martinez, V, Martinovic, K, Martynov, Dv, Marx, Ej, Masalehdan, H, Mason, K, Massera, E, Masserot, A, Massinger, Tj, Masso-Reid, M, Mastrogiovanni, S, Matas, A, Mateu-Lucena, M, Matichard, F, Matiushechkina, M, Mavalvala, N, Mccann, Jj, Mccarthy, R, Mcclelland, De, Mcclincy, Pk, Mccormick, S, Mcculler, L, Mcghee, Gi, Mcguire, Sc, Mcisaac, C, Mciver, J, Mcrae, T, Mcwilliams, St, Meacher, D, Mehmet, M, Mehta, Ak, Meijer, Q, Melatos, A, Melchor, Da, Mendell, G, Menendez-Vazquez, A, Menoni, C, Mercer, Ra, Mereni, L, Merfeld, K, Merilh, El, Merritt, Jd, Merzougui, M, Meshkov, S, Messenger, C, Messick, C, Meyers, Pm, Meylahn, F, Mhaske, A, Miani, A, Miao, H, Michaloliakos, I, Michel, C, Michimura, Y, Middleton, H, Milano, L, Miller, Al, Miller, A, Miller, B, Millhouse, M, Mills, Jc, Milotti, E, Minazzoli, O, Minenkov, Y, Mio, N, Mir, Lm, Miravet-Tenes, M, Mishra, C, Mishra, T, Mistry, T, Mitra, S, Mitrofanov, Vp, Mitselmakher, G, Mittleman, R, Miyakawa, O, Miyamoto, A, Miyazaki, Y, Miyo, K, Miyoki, S, Mo, G, Moguel, E, Mogushi, K, Mohapatra, Srp, Mohite, Sr, Molina, I, Molina-Ruiz, M, Mondin, M, Montani, M, Moore, Cj, Moraru, D, Morawski, F, More, A, Moreno, C, Moreno, G, Mori, Y, Morisaki, S, Moriwaki, Y, Mours, B, Mow-Lowry, Cm, Mozzon, S, Muciaccia, F, Mukherjee, A, Mukherjee, D, Mukherjee, S, Mukund, N, Mullavey, A, Munch, J, Muniz, Ea, Murray, Pg, Musenich, R, Muusse, S, Nadji, Sl, Nagano, K, Nagano, S, Nagar, A, Nakamura, K, Nakano, H, Nakano, M, Nakashima, R, Nakayama, Y, Napolano, V, Nardecchia, I, Narikawa, T, Naticchioni, L, Nayak, B, Nayak, Rk, Negishi, R, Neil, Bf, Neilson, J, Nelemans, G, Nelson, Tjn, Nery, M, Neubauer, P, Neunzert, A, Ng, Ky, Ng, Sw, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, P, Nguyen, T, Quynh, Ln, Ni, Wt, Nichols, Sa, Nishizawa, A, Nissanke, S, Nitoglia, E, Nocera, F, Norman, M, North, C, Nozaki, S, Nuttall, Lk, Oberling, J, O'Brien, Bd, Obuchi, Y, O'Dell, J, Oelker, E, Ogaki, W, Oganesyan, G, Oh, Jj, Oh, K, Oh, Sh, Ohashi, M, Ohishi, N, Ohkawa, M, Ohme, F, Ohta, H, Okada, Ma, Okutani, Y, Okutomi, K, Olivetto, C, Oohara, K, Ooi, C, Oram, R, O'Reilly, B, Ormiston, Rg, Ormsby, Nd, Ortega, Lf, O'Shaughnessy, R, O'Shea, E, Oshino, S, Ossokine, S, Osthelder, C, Otabe, S, Ottaway, Dj, Overmier, H, Pace, Ae, Pagano, G, Page, Ma, Pagliaroli, G, Pai, A, Pai, Sa, Palamos, Jr, Palashov, O, Palomba, C, Pan, H, Pan, K, Panda, Pk, Pang, H, Pang, Pth, Pankow, C, Pannarale, F, Pant, Bc, Panther, Fh, Paoletti, F, Paoli, A, Paolone, A, Parisi, A, Park, H, Park, J, Parker, W, Pascucci, D, Pasqualetti, A, Passaquieti, R, Passuello, D, Patel, M, Pathak, M, Patricelli, B, Patron, A, Patrone, S, Paul, S, Payne, E, Pedraza, M, Pegoraro, M, Pele, A, Arellano, Fep, Penn, S, Perego, A, Pereira, A, Pereira, T, Perez, Cj, Perigois, C, Perkins, Cc, Perreca, A, Perries, S, Petermann, J, Petterson, D, Pfeiffer, Hp, Pham, Ka, Phukon, K, Piccinni, Oj, Pichot, M, Piendibene, M, Piergiovanni, F, Pierini, L, Pierro, V, Pillant, G, Pillas, M, Pilo, F, Pinard, L, Pinto, Im, Pinto, M, Piotrzkowski, K, Pirello, M, Pitkin, Md, Placidi, E, Planas, L, Plastino, W, Pluchar, C, Poggiani, R, Polini, E, Pong, Dyt, Ponrathnam, S, Popolizio, P, Porter, Ek, Poulton, R, Powell, J, Pracchia, M, Pradier, T, Prajapati, Ak, Prasai, K, Prasanna, R, Pratten, G, Principe, M, Prodi, Ga, Prokhorov, L, Prosposito, P, Prudenzi, L, Puecher, A, Punturo, M, Puosi, F, Puppo, P, Purrer, M, Qi, H, Quetschke, V, Quitzow-James, R, Raab, Fj, Raaijmakers, G, Radkins, H, Radulesco, N, Raffai, P, Rail, Sx, Raja, S, Rajan, C, Ramirez, Ke, Ramirez, Td, Ramos-Buades, A, Rana, J, Rapagnani, P, Rapol, Ud, Ray, A, Raymond, V, Raza, N, Razzano, M, Read, J, Rees, La, Regimbau, T, Rei, L, Reid, S, Reid, Sw, Reitze, Dh, Relton, P, Renzini, A, Rettegno, P, Rezac, M, Ricci, F, Richards, D, Richardson, Jw, Richardson, L, Riemenschneider, G, Riles, K, Rinaldi, S, Rink, K, Rizzo, M, Robertson, Na, Robie, R, Robinet, F, Rocchi, A, Rodriguez, S, Rolland, L, Rollins, Jg, Romanelli, M, Romano, R, Romel, Cl, Romero-Rodriguez, A, Romero-Shaw, Im, Romie, Jh, Ronchini, S, Rosa, L, Rose, Ca, Ross, Mp, Rowan, S, Rowlinson, Sj, Roy, S, Rozza, D, Ruggi, P, Ryan, K, Sachdev, S, Sadecki, T, Sadiq, J, Sago, N, Saito, S, Saito, Y, Sakai, K, Sakai, Y, Sakellariadou, M, Sakuno, Y, Salafia, O, Salconi, L, Saleem, M, Salemi, F, Samajdar, A, Sanchez, Ej, Sanchez, Jh, Sanchez, Le, Sanchis-Gual, N, Sanders, Jr, Sanuy, A, Saravanan, Tr, Sarin, N, Sassolas, B, Satari, H, Sathyaprakash, B, Sato, S, Sato, T, Sauter, O, Savage, Rl, Sawada, T, Sawant, D, Sawant, Hl, Sayah, S, Schaetzl, D, Scheel, M, Scheuer, J, Schiworski, M, Schmidt, P, Schmidt, S, Schnabel, R, Schneewind, M, Schofield, Rm, Schonbeck, A, Schulte, Bw, Schutz, Bf, Schwartz, E, Scott, J, Scott, Sm, Seglar-Arroyo, M, Sekiguchi, T, Sekiguchi, Y, Sellers, D, Sengupta, A, Sentenac, D, Seo, Eg, Sequino, V, Sergeev, A, Setyawati, Y, Shaffer, T, Shahriar, M, Shams, B, Shao, L, Sharma, A, Sharma, P, Shawhan, P, Shcheblanov, N, Shibagaki, S, Shikauchi, M, Shimizu, R, Shimoda, T, Shimode, K, Shinkai, H, Shishido, T, Shoda, A, Shoemaker, Dh, Shoemaker, Dm, Shyamsundar, S, Sieniawska, M, Sigg, D, Singer, Lp, Singh, D, Singh, N, Singha, A, Sintes, Am, Sipala, V, Skliris, V, Slagmolen, Bjj, Slaven-Blair, Tj, Smetana, J, Smith, Jr, Smith, Rje, Soldateschi, J, Somala, Sn, Somiya, K, Son, Ej, Soni, K, Soni, S, Sordini, V, Sorrentino, F, Sorrentino, N, Sotani, H, Soulard, R, Souradeep, T, Sowell, E, Spagnuolo, V, Spencer, Ap, Spera, M, Srinivasan, R, Srivastava, Ak, Srivastava, V, Staats, K, Stachie, C, Steer, Da, Steinlechner, J, Steinlechner, S, Stops, Dj, Stover, M, Strain, Ka, Strang, Lc, Stratta, G, Strunk, A, Sturani, R, Stuver, Al, Sudhagar, S, Sudhir, V, Sugimoto, R, Suh, Hg, Summerscales, Tz, Sun, H, Sun, L, Sunil, S, Sur, A, Suresh, J, Sutton, Pj, Suzuki, T, Swinkels, Bl, Szewczyk, P, Tacca, M, Tagoshi, H, Tait, Sc, Takahashi, H, Takahashi, R, Takamori, A, Takano, S, Takeda, H, Takeda, M, Talbot, Cj, Talbot, C, Tanaka, H, Tanaka, K, Tanaka, T, Tanasijczuk, Aj, Tanioka, S, Tanner, Db, Tao, D, Tao, L, San Martin, Ent, Taranto, C, Tasson, Jd, Telada, S, Tenorio, R, Terhune, Je, Terkowski, L, Thirugnanasambandam, Mp, Thomas, M, Thomas, P, Thompson, Je, Thondapu, Sr, Thorne, Ka, Thrane, E, Tiwari, S, Tiwari, V, Toivonen, Am, Toland, K, Tolley, Ae, Tomaru, T, Tomigami, Y, Tomura, T, Tonelli, M, Torres-Forne, A, Torrie, Ci, Melo, Ite, Toyra, D, Trapananti, A, Travasso, F, Traylor, G, Trevor, M, Tringali, Mc, Tripathee, A, Troiano, L, Trovato, A, Trozzo, L, Trudeau, Rj, Tsai, D, Tsang, Kw, Tsang, T, Tsao, J, Tse, M, Tso, R, Tsubono, K, Tsuchida, S, Tsukada, L, Tsuna, D, Tsutsui, T, Tsuzuki, T, Turbang, K, Turconi, M, Tuyenbayev, D, Ubhi, A, Uchikata, N, Uchiyama, T, Udall, Rp, Ueda, A, Uehara, T, Ueno, K, Ueshima, G, Uraguchi, F, Urban, Al, Ushiba, T, Utina, A, Vahlbruch, H, Vajente, G, Vajpeyi, A, Valdes, G, Valentini, M, Valsan, V, van Bakel, N, van Beuzekom, M, van den Brand, Jfj, Van den Broeck, C, Vander-Hyde, Dc, van der Schaaf, L, van Heijningen, Jv, Vanosky, J, van Putten, Mhpm, van Remortel, N, Vardaro, M, Vargas, Af, Varma, V, Vasuth, M, Vecchio, A, Vedovato, G, Veitch, J, Veitch, Pj, Venneberg, J, Venugopalan, G, Verkindt, D, Verma, P, Verma, Y, Veske, D, Vetrano, F, Vicere, A, Vidyant, S, Viets, Ad, Vijaykumar, A, Villa-Ortega, V, Vinet, Jy, Virtuoso, A, Vitale, S, Vo, T, Vocca, H, von Reis, Erg, von Wrangel, Jsa, Vorvick, C, Vyatchanin, Sp, Wade, Le, Wade, M, Wagner, Kj, Walet, Rc, Walker, M, Wallace, G, Wallace, L, Walsh, S, Wang, J, Wang, Jz, Wang, Wh, Ward, Rl, Warner, J, Was, M, Washimi, T, Washington, Ny, Watchi, J, Weaver, B, Webster, Sa, Weinert, M, Weinstein, Aj, Weiss, R, Weller, Cm, Wellmann, F, Wen, L, Wessels, P, Wette, K, Whelan, Jt, White, Dd, Whiting, Bf, Whittle, C, Wilken, D, Williams, D, Williams, Mj, Williamson, Ar, Willis, Jl, Willke, B, Wilson, Dj, Winkler, W, Wipf, Cc, Wlodarczyk, T, Woan, G, Woehler, J, Wofford, Jk, Wong, Icf, Wu, C, Wu, D, Wu, H, Wu, S, Wysocki, Dm, Xiao, L, Xu, Wr, Yamada, T, Yamamoto, H, Yamamoto, K, Yamamoto, T, Yamashita, K, Yamazaki, R, Yang, Fw, Yang, L, Yang, Y, Yang, Z, Yap, Mj, Yeeles, Dw, Yelikar, Ab, Ying, M, Yokogawa, K, Yokoyama, J, Yokozawa, T, Yoo, J, Yoshioka, T, Yu, H, Yu, Hc, Yuzurihara, H, Zanolin, M, Zeidler, S, Zelenova, T, Zendri, Jp, Zevin, M, Zhan, M, Zhang, H, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zhang, T, Zhang, Y, Zhao, C, Zhao, G, Zhao, Y, Zhou, R, Zhou, Z, Zhu, Xj, Zhu, Zh, Zucker, Me, Zweizig, J, Physics, Theoretical Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Abbott, T, Adhikari, R, Adya, V, Aguiar, O, Altin, P, Anderson, S, Anderson, W, Andric, T, Angelova, S, Antelis, J, Araya, M, Aronson, S, Arun, K, Aston, S, Bader, M, Baer, A, Ballmer, S, Barayoga, J, Barish, B, Barton, M, Bayley, J, Baylor, A, Bedakihale, V, Bennett, T, Bentley, J, Berger, B, Bilenko, I, Bizouard, M, Blackburn, J, Blair, C, Blair, D, Blair, R, Bonavena, L, Boom, B, Brady, P, Brau, J, Briggs, J, Brooks, A, Brown, D, Bulten, H, Byer, R, Bustillo, J, Callaghan, J, Callister, T, Camp, J, Cannon, K, Carlin, J, Carney, M, Carver, T, Diaz, J, Subrahmanya, S, Chase, E, Chen, H, Chen, Y, Cheong, C, Cheung, H, Chia, H, Chiang, C, Chiofalo, M, Choudhary, R, Chu, Y, Chung, K, Cieslar, M, Ciobanu, A, Clark, E, Clark, J, Cohadon, P, Cohen, D, Collette, C, Compton, C, Cooper, S, Corbitt, T, Corley, K, Costa, C, Coughlin, M, Coulon, J, Countryman, S, Coward, D, Cowart, M, Coyne, D, Creighton, J, Creighton, T, Criswell, A, Crowder, S, Cudell, J, Cullen, T, Curylo, M, Canton, T, Daneshgaranbajastani, L, Datrier, L, Davis, M, Daw, E, Demarchi, L, Diaz, M, Didio, N, Divakarla, A, Dooley, K, Driggers, J, Ducoin, J, Duverne, P, Dwyer, S, Easter, P, Edo, T, Eisenstein, R, Essick, R, Evans, T, Ewing, B, Farah, A, Farr, W, Farrow, N, Fauchon-Jones, E, Fejer, M, Ferguson, D, Ferreira, T, Fisher, R, Font, J, Forsyth, P, Freed, J, Frolov, V, Fronze, G, Gabbard, H, Gadre, B, Gair, J, Gaonkar, S, Ge, G, Giaime, J, Giardina, K, Gibson, D, Gleckl, A, Gould, D, Green, A, Gretarsson, A, Gretarsson, E, Griggs, H, Grimm, S, Guidi, G, Guimaraes, A, Gulati, H, Guo, H, Gustafson, E, Hall, E, Hamilton, E, Han, W, Hannam, M, Hansen, T, Harry, G, Harry, I, Hasskew, R, Haster, C, Hayes, F, Heintze, M, Helmling-Cornell, A, Hennig, M, Hernandez, A, Vivanco, F, Hohmann, J, Holcomb, D, Holland, N, Hollows, I, Holmes, Z, Holz, D, Howell, E, Hoy, C, Hsieh, B, Huang, G, Huang, H, Hubner, M, Huddart, A, Hui, D, Huttner, S, Iyer, B, Jadhav, S, James, A, Jan, A, Janthalur, N, Jenkins, A, Jin, H, Johns, G, Jones, A, Jones, D, Jones, J, Jonker, R, Kalaghatgi, C, Kanner, J, Kapadia, S, Kapasi, D, Khalili, F, Khazanov, E, Kim, Y, Knee, A, Knowles, T, Kong, A, Kozak, D, Krishnendu, N, Lam, T, Lane, B, Lang, R, Lasky, P, Lecoeuche, Y, Lee, H, Leviton, J, Li, A, Li, K, Li, T, Lin, C, Lin, F, Lin, H, Lin, L, Linker, S, Linley, J, Littenberg, T, Liu, G, Lo, R, London, L, Portilla, M, Lott, T, Lough, J, Lousto, C, Lucaccioni, J, Lundgren, A, Luo, L, Lynam, J, Macleod, D, Macmillan, I, Hernandez, I, Magee, R, Mango, J, Mansell, G, Martin, I, Martin, R, Martynov, D, Marx, E, Massinger, T, Mccann, J, Mcclelland, D, Mcclincy, P, Mcghee, G, Mcguire, S, Mcwilliams, S, Mehta, A, Melchor, D, Mercer, R, Merilh, E, Merritt, J, Meyers, P, Mills, J, Mir, L, Mitrofanov, V, Mohapatra, S, Mohite, S, Moore, C, Mow-Lowry, C, Muniz, E, Murray, P, Nadji, S, Nayak, R, Neil, B, Nelson, T, Ng, K, Ng, S, Quynh, L, Ni, W, Nichols, S, Nuttall, L, O'Brien, B, Oh, J, Oh, S, Okada, M, Ormiston, R, Ormsby, N, Ortega, L, Ottaway, D, Pace, A, Page, M, Pai, S, Palamos, J, Panda, P, Pang, P, Pant, B, Panther, F, Arellano, F, Perez, C, Perkins, C, Pfeiffer, H, Pham, K, Piccinni, O, Pinto, I, Pitkin, M, Pong, D, Porter, E, Prajapati, A, Prodi, G, Raab, F, Rail, S, Ramirez, K, Ramirez, T, Rapol, U, Rees, L, Reitze, D, Richardson, J, Robertson, N, Rollins, J, Romel, C, Romero-Shaw, I, Romie, J, Rose, C, Rosinska, D, Ross, M, Rowlinson, S, Sanchez, E, Sanchez, J, Sanchez, L, Sanders, J, Saravanan, T, Savage, R, Sawant, H, Schofield, R, Schulte, B, Schutz, B, Scott, S, Seo, E, Shoemaker, D, Singer, L, Sintes, A, Slagmolen, B, Slaven-Blair, T, Smith, J, Smith, R, Somala, S, Son, E, Spencer, A, Srivastava, A, Steer, D, Stops, D, Strain, K, Strang, L, Stuver, A, Suh, H, Summerscales, T, Sutton, P, Swinkels, B, Szczepanczyk, M, Tait, S, Tanasijczuk, A, Tanner, D, Martin, E, Tasson, J, Terhune, J, Thirugnanasambandam, M, Thompson, J, Thondapu, S, Thorne, K, Toivonen, A, Tolley, A, Torrie, C, E Melo, I, Tringali, M, Trudeau, R, Tsang, K, Udall, R, Urban, A, Van Bakel, N, Van Beuzekom, M, Van Den Brand, J, Van Den Broeck, C, Vander-Hyde, D, Van Der Schaaf, L, Van Heijningen, J, Van Putten, M, Van Remortel, N, Vargas, A, Veitch, P, Viets, A, Vinet, J, Von Reis, E, Von Wrangel, J, Vyatchanin, S, Wade, L, Wagner, K, Walet, R, Wang, W, Ward, R, Washington, N, Webster, S, Weinstein, A, Weller, C, Whelan, J, White, D, Whiting, B, Williams, M, Williamson, A, Willis, J, Wilson, D, Wipf, C, Wofford, J, Wong, I, Wysocki, D, Xu, W, Yang, F, Yap, M, Yeeles, D, Yelikar, A, Zadrozny, A, Zendri, J, Zhu, X, Zhu, Z, Zucker, M, (Astro)-Particles Physics, LIGO Sci Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, and KAGRA Collaboration
- Subjects
coupling: (dark matter baryon) ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,data analysis method ,Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,gr-qc ,Astronomy ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,FOS: Physical sciences ,detector: noise ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Astronomy & Astrophysics ,dark matter: direct detection ,coupling: minimal ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,dark matter ,Physics, Particles & Fields ,gravitational wave detectors ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) ,Fourier transformation ,correlation function ,LIGO ,gravitational wave ,QC ,QB ,Settore FIS/01 ,Science & Technology ,mirror: oscillation ,Physics ,gravitational radiation ,tachyon: stability ,hep-ph ,field theory: scalar ,detector: sensitivity ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,cosmic string: decay ,VIRGO ,Physics and Astronomy ,[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph] ,Physical Sciences ,astro-ph.CO ,[PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc] ,gravitational radiation detector: interferometer ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
LIGO Scientific Collaboration - Virgo Collaboration - KAGRA Collaboration: Abbott, R. et al., We present a search for dark photon dark matter that could couple to gravitational-wave interferometers using data from Advanced LIGO and Virgo’s third observing run. To perform this analysis, we use two methods, one based on cross-correlation of the strain channels in the two nearly aligned LIGO detectors, and one that looks for excess power in the strain channels of the LIGO and Virgo detectors. The excess power method optimizes the Fourier transform coherence time as a function of frequency, to account for the expected signal width due to Doppler modulations. We do not find any evidence of dark photon dark matter with a mass between mA∼10−14–10−11 eV/c2, which corresponds to frequencies between 10–2000 Hz, and therefore provide upper limits on the square of the minimum coupling of dark photons to baryons, i.e., U(1)B dark matter. For the cross-correlation method, the best median constraint on the squared coupling is ∼1.31×10−47 at mA∼4.2×10−13eV/c2; for the other analysis, the best constraint is ∼2.4×10−47 at mA∼5.7×10−13eV/c2. These limits improve upon those obtained in direct dark matter detection experiments by a factor of ∼100 for mA∼[2–4]×10−13eV/c2, and are, in absolute terms, the most stringent constraint so far in a large mass range mA∼2×10−13–8×10−12eV/c2., This material is based upon work supported by NSF’s LIGO Laboratory which is a major facility fully funded by the National Science Foundation. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support of the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom, the Max-Planck-Society (MPS), and the State of Niedersachsen/ Germany for support of the construction of Advanced LIGO and construction and operation of the GEO600 detector. Additional support for Advanced LIGO was provided by the Australian Research Council. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, for the construction and operation of the Virgo detector and the creation and support of the EGO consortium. The authors also gratefully acknowledge research support fromthese agencies as well as by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India, the Department of Science and Technology, India, the Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), India, the Ministry of Human Resource Development, India, the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación, the Vicepresidencia i Conselleria d’Innovació, Recerca i Turisme and the Conselleria d’Educació i Universitat del Govern de les Illes Balears, the Conselleria d’Innovació, Universitats, Ciencia i Societat Digital de la Generalitat Valenciana and the CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain, the National Science Centre of Poland and the Foundation for Polish Science (FNP), the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Russian Science Foundation, the European Commission, the European Regional Development Funds (ERDF), the Royal Society, the Scottish Funding Council, the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA), the French Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO), the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS), Actions de Recherche Concert´ees (ARC) and Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek—Vlaanderen (FWO), Belgium, the Paris Île-de-France Region, the National Research, Development and Innovation Office Hungary (NKFIH), the National Research Foundation of Korea, the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council Canada, Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI), the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovations, the International Center for Theoretical Physics South American Institute for Fundamental Research (ICTPSAIFR), the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Leverhulme Trust, the Research Corporation, the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan, the United States Department of Energy, and the Kavli Foundation. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF, STFC, INFN and CNRS for provision of computational resources. This work was supported by MEXT, JSPS Leading-edge Research Infrastructure Program, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research 26000005, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas 2905: No. JP17H06358, No. JP17H06361 and No. JP17H06364, JSPS Core-to-Core Program A. Advanced Research Networks, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) No. 17H06133, the joint research program of the Institute forCosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, National Research Foundation (NRF) and Computing Infrastructure Project of KISTI-GSDC in Korea, Academia Sinica (AS), AS Grid Center (ASGC) and the Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) in Taiwan under grants including AS-CDA-105-M06, Advanced Technology Center (ATC) of NAOJ, and Mechanical Engineering Center of KEK.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. All-sky search for gravitational wave emission from scalar boson clouds around spinning black holes in LIGO O3 data
- Author
-
Abbott, R., Abe, H., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adkins, V. K., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Akutsu, T., Albanesi, S., Alfaidi, R. A., Allocca, A., Altin, P. A., Amato, A., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andres-Carcasona, M., Angelova, V, Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Apostolatos, T., Appavuravther, E. Z., Appert, S., Apple, S. K., Arai, K., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Arene, M., Aritomi, N., Arnaud, N., Arogeti, M., Aronson, S. M., Arun, K. G., Asada, H., Asali, Y., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Melo, S. Assis de Souza, Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Aultoneal, K., Austin, C., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bae, Y., Baer, A. M., Bagnasco, S., Bai, Y., Baird, J., Bajpai, R., Baka, T., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Balsamo, A., Baltus, G., Banagiri, S., Banerjee, B., Bankar, D., Barayoga, J. C., Barbieri, C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I, Basak, S., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J. C., Bazzan, M., Becher, B. R., Becsy, B., Bedakihale, V. M., Beirnaert, F., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I, Benedetto, V, Beniwal, D., Benjamin, M. G., Bennett, T. F., Bentley, J. D., Benyaala, M., Bera, S., Berbel, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, D., Are, R., Ari, Bhardwaj, U., Bhatt, R., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bianchi, A., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Bini, S., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Bischi, M., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Biswas, B., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M-A, Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Boldrini, M., Bolingbroke, G. N., Bonavena, L. D., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonn, Booker, P., Boom, B. A., Bork, R., Boschi, V, Bose, N., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V, Boudart, V, Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Bramley, A., Branch, A., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Briggs, J. H., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brooks, J., Brown, D. D., Brunett, S., Bruno, G., Bruntz, R., Bryant, J., Bucci, F., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burtnyk, K., Buscicchio, R., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Davies, G. S. Cabourn, Cabras, G., Cabrita, R., Cadonati, L., Caesar, M., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Calderon Bustillo, J., Callaghan, J. D., Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Cameron, J., Camp, J. B., Canepa, M., Canevarolo, S., Cannavacciuolo, M., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, Z., Capocasa, E., Capote, E., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Carlassara, M., Carlin, J. B., Carney, M. F., Carpinelli, M., Carrillo, G., Carullo, G., Carver, T. L., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Castaldi, G., Caudill, S., Cavaglia, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerda-Duran, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, W., Subrahmanya, S. Chalathadka, Champion, E., Chan, C-H, Chan, C., Chan, C. L., Chan, K., Chan, M., Ra, K., Chang, I. P., Chanial, P., Chao, S., Chapman-Bird, C., Charlton, P., Chase, E. A., Chass, e-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, C., Chatterjee, Debarati, Chatterjee, Deep, Chaturvedi, M., Chaty, S., Chen, C., Chen, D., Chen, H. Y., Chen, J., Chen, K., Chen, X., Chen, Y-B, Chen, Y-R, Chen, Z., Cheng, H., Cheong, C. K., Cheung, H. Y., Chia, H. Y., Chiadini, F., Chiang, C-Y, Chiarini, G., Chierici, R., Chincarini, A., Chiofalo, M. L., Chiummo, A., Choudhary, R. K., Choudhary, S., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chu, Y-K, Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, K. W., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Cifaldi, M., Ciobanu, A. A., Ciolfi, R., Cipriano, F., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Clearwater, P., Clesse, S., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Codazzo, E., Cohadon, P-F, Cohen, D. E., Colleoni, M., Collette, C. G., Colombo, A., Colpi, M., Compton, C. M., Constancio, J, R., Conti, L., Cooper, S. J., Corban, P., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrion, I, Corezzi, S., Corley, K. R., Cornish, N. J., Corre, D., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Cotesta, R., Cottingham, R., Coughlin, M. W., Coulon, J-P, Countryman, S. T., Cousins, B., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Criswell, A. W., Croquette, M., Crowder, S. G., Cudell, J. R., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cummings, R., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dabadie, P., Dal Canton, T., Dall'Osso, S., Dalya, G., Dana, A., D'Angelo, B., Danilishin, S., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darsow-Fromm, C., Dasgupta, A., Datrier, L. E. H., Datta, Sayak, Datta, Sayantani, Dattilo, V, Dave, I, Davier, M., Davis, D., Davis, M. C., Daw, E. J., Dean, R., Debra, D., Deenadayalan, M., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deleglise, S., Del Favero, V, De Lillo, F., De Lillo, N., Dell'Aquila, D., Del Pozzo, W., Demarchi, L. M., De Matteis, F., D'Emilio, V, Demos, N., Dent, T., Depasse, A., De Pietri, R., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., Desalvo, R., De Simone, R., Dhur, Har, S., Diaz, M. C., Didio, N. A., Dietrich, T., Di Fiore, L., Di Fronzo, C., Di Giorgio, C., Di Giovanni, F., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Di Lieto, A., Di Michele, A., Ding, B., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I, Di Renzo, F., Divakarla, A. K., Dmitriev, A., Doctor, Z., Donahue, L., D'Onofrio, L., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Drori, Y., Ducoin, J-G, Dupej, P., Dupletsa, U., Durante, O., D'Urso, D., Duverne, P-A, Dwyer, S. E., Eassa, C., Easter, P. J., Ebersold, M., Eckhardt, T., Eddolls, G., Edelman, B., Edo, T. B., Edy, O., Effler, A., Eguchi, S., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Eisenmann, M., Eisenstein, R. A., Ejlli, A., Engelby, E., Enomoto, Y., Errico, L., Essick, R. C., Estelles, H., Estevez, D., Etienne, Z., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Evstafyeva, T., Ewing, B. E., Fabrizi, F., Faedi, F., Fafone, V, Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Fan, P. C., Farah, A. M., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Fauchon-Jones, E. J., Favaro, G., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fazio, M., Feicht, J., Fejer, M. M., Fenyvesi, E., Ferguson, D. L., Fern, ez-Galiana, A., Ferrante, I, Ferreira, T. A., Fidecaro, F., Figura, P., Fiori, A., Fiori, I, Fishbach, M., Fisher, R. P., Fittipaldi, R., Fiumara, V, Flaminio, R., Floden, E., Fong, H. K., Font, J. A., Fornal, B., Forsyth, P. W. F., Franke, A., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Freed, J. P., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Freitas, O., Frey, R., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fronze, G. G., Fujii, Y., Fujikawa, Y., Fujimoto, Y., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A., Gadre, B. U., Gair, J. R., Gais, J., Galaudage, S., Gamba, R., Ganapathy, D., Ganguly, A., Gao, D., Gaonkar, S. G., Garaventa, B., Nunez, C. Garcia, Garcia-Quiros, C., Garufi, F., Gateley, B., Gayathri, V, G-G, Ge, Gemme, G., Gennai, A., George, J., Gerberding, O., Gergely, L., Gewecke, P., Ghonge, S., Ghosh, Abhirup, Ghosh, Archisman, Ghosh, Shaon, Ghosh, Shrobana, Ghosh, Tathagata, Giacomazzo, B., Giacoppo, L., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Gibson, D. R., Gier, C., Giesler, M., Giri, P., Gissi, F., Gkaitatzis, S., Glanzer, J., Gleckl, A. E., Godwin, P., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gohlke, N., Golomb, J., Goncharov, B., Gonzalez, G., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Gould, D. W., Goyal, S., Grace, B., Grado, A., Graham, V, Granata, M., Granata, V, Grant, A., Gras, S., Grassia, P., Gray, C., Gray, R., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Green, R., Gretarsson, A. M., Gretarsson, E. M., Griffith, D., Griffiths, W. L., Griggs, H. L., Grignani, G., Grimaldi, A., Grimes, E., Grimm, S. J., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Gruning, P., Gruson, A. S., Guerra, D., Guidi, G. M., Guimaraes, A. R., Guixe, G., Gulati, H. K., Gunny, A. M., Guo, H-K, Guo, Y., Gupta, Anchal, Gupta, Anuradha, Gupta, I. M., Gupta, P., Gupta, S. K., Gustafson, R., Guzman, F., Ha, S., Hadiputrawan, I. P. W., Haegel, L., Haino, S., Halim, O., Hall, E. D., Hamilton, E. Z., Hammond, G., Han, W-B, Haney, M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hannuksela, O., Hansen, H., Hansen, T. J., Hanson, J., Harder, T., Haris, K., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hartwig, D., Hasegawa, K., Haskell, B., Haster, C-J, Hathaway, J. S., Hattori, K., Haughian, K., Hayakawa, H., Hayama, K., Hayes, F. J., Healy, J., Heidmann, A., Heidt, A., Heintze, M. C., Heinze, J., Heinzel, J., Heitmann, H., Hellman, F., Hello, P., Helmling-Cornell, A. F., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennes, E., Hennig, J., Hennig, M. H., Henshaw, C., Hern, A. G., Ez, Vivanco, F. Hern, Heurs, M., Hewitt, A. L., Higginbotham, S., Hild, S., Hill, P., Himemoto, Y., Hines, A. S., Hirata, N., Hirose, C., T-C, Ho, Hochheim, S., Hofman, D., Hohmann, J. N., Holcomb, D. G., Holl, N. A., Hollows, I. J., Holmes, Z. J., Holt, K., Holz, D. E., Hong, Q., Hough, J., Hourihane, S., Howell, E. J., Hoy, C. G., Hoyl, Hreibi, A., Hsieh, B-H, Hsieh, H-F, Hsiung, C., Hsu, Y., Huang, H-Y, Huang, P., Huang, Y-C, Huang, Y-J, Huang, Yiting, Huang, Yiwen, Hubner, M. T., Huddart, A. D., Hughey, B., Hui, D. C. Y., Hui, V, Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huxford, R., Huynh-Dinh, T., Ide, S., Idzkowski, B., Iess, A., Inayoshi, K., Inoue, Y., Iosif, P., Isi, M., Isleif, K., Ito, K., Itoh, Y., Iyer, B. R., Jaberianhamedan, V, Jacqmin, T., Jacquet, P-E, Jadhav, S. J., Jadhav, S. P., Jain, T., James, A. L., Jan, A. Z., Jani, K., Janquart, J., Janssens, K., Janthalur, N. N., Jaranowski, P., Jariwala, D., Jaume, R., Jenkins, A. C., Jenner, K., Jeon, C., Jia, W., Jiang, J., Jin, H-B, Johns, G. R., Johnston, R., Jones, A. W., Jones, I, Jones, P., Jones, R., Joshi, P., Ju, L., Jue, A., Jung, P., Jung, K., Junker, J., Juste, V, Kaihotsu, K., Kajita, T., Kakizaki, M., Kalaghatgi, Kalogera, V, Kamai, B., Kamiizumi, M., K, A, N., Hasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kao, Y., Kapadia, S. J., Kapasi, D. P., Karathanasis, C., Karki, S., Kashyap, R., Kasprzack, M., Kastaun, W., Kato, T., Katsanevas, S., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaur, T., Kawabe, K., Kawaguchi, K., Kefelian, F., Keitel, D., Key, J. S., Khadka, S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, S., Khanam, T., Khazanov, E. A., Khetan, N., Khursheed, M., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, A., Kim, C., Kim, J. C., Kim, J., Kim, K., Kim, W. S., Kim, Y-M, Kimball, C., Kimura, N., Kinley-Hanlon, M., Kirchhoff, R., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Klinger, T., Knee, A. M., Knowles, T. D., Knust, N., Knyazev, E., Kobayashi, Y., Koch, P., Koekoek, G., Kohri, K., Kokeyama, K., Koley, S., Kolitsidou, P., Kolstein, M., Komori, K., Kondrashov, V, Kong, A. K. H., Kontos, A., Koper, N., Korobko, M., Kovalam, M., Koyama, N., Kozak, D. B., Kozakai, C., Kringel, V, Krishnendu, Krolak, A., Kuehn, G., Kuei, F., Kuijer, P., Kulkarni, S., Kumar, A., Kumar, Prayush, Kumar, Rahul, Kumar, Rakesh, Kume, J., Kuns, K., Kuromiya, Y., Kuroyanagi, S., Kwak, K., Lacaille, G., Lagabbe, P., Laghi, D., Lal, E, E., Lalleman, M., Lam, T. L., Lamberts, A., L, Ry, M., Lane, B. B., Lang, R. N., Lange, J., Lantz, B., La Rosa, I, Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lasky, P. D., Laxen, M., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lebohec, S., Lecoeuche, Y. K., Lee, E., Lee, H. M., Lee, H. W., Lee, K., Lee, R., Legred, I. N., Lehmann, J., Lemaitre, A., Lenti, M., Leonardi, M., Leonova, E., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levesque, C., Levin, Y., Leviton, J. N., Leyde, K., A. K. Y., Li, Li, B., Li, J., K. L., Li, Li, P., T. G. F., Li, Li, X., Lin, C-Y, Lin, E. T., Lin, F-K, Lin, F-L, Lin, H. L., Lin, L. C-C, Linde, F., Linker, S. D., Linley, J. N., Littenberg, T. B., Liu, G. C., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liu, X., Llamas, F., R. K. L., Lo, Lo, T., London, L. T., Longo, A., Lopez, D., Portilla, M. Lopez, Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V, Lorm, Losurdo, G., Lott, T. P., Lough, J. D., Lousto, C. O., Lovelace, G., Lucaccioni, J. F., Lueck, H., Lumaca, D., Lundgren, A. P., Luo, L-W, Lynam, J. E., Ma'Arif, M., Macas, R., Machtinger, J. B., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Macmillan, I. A. O., Macquet, A., I. Magana, Ez, Magazzu, C., Magee, R. M., Maggiore, R., Magnozzi, M., Mahesh, S., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I, Maliakal, S., Malik, A., Man, N., M, Ic, V, Mangano, V, Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Mapelli, M., Marchesoni, F., Marin Pina, D., Marion, F., Mark, Z., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Markakis, C., Markosyan, A. S., Markowitz, A., Maros, E., Marquina, A., Marsat, S., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martinez, M., Martinez, V. A., Martinez, V, Martinovic, K., Martynov, Marx, E. J., Masalehdan, H., Mason, K., Massera, E., Masserot, A., Masso-Reid, M., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matas, A., Mateu-Lucena, M., Matichard, F., Matiushechkina, M., Mavalvala, N., Mccann, J. J., Mccarthy, R., Mcclell, D. E., Mcclincy, P. K., Mccormick, S., Mcculler, L., Mcghee, Mcguire, S. C., Mcisaac, C., Mciver, J., Mcrae, T., Mcwilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Mehmet, M., Mehta, A. K., Meijer, Q., Melatos, A., Melchor, D. A., Mendell, G., Menendez-Vazquez, A., Menoni, C. S., Mercer, R. A., Mereni, L., Merfeld, K., Merilh, E. L., Merritt, J. D., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Meyers, P. M., Meylahn, F., Mhaske, A., Miani, A., Miao, H., Michaloliakos, I, Michel, C., Michimura, Y., Middleton, H., Mihaylov, D. P., Milano, L., Miller, A. L., Miller, A., Miller, B., Millhouse, M., Mills, J. C., Milotti, E., Minenkov, Y., Mio, N., Mir, Ll M., Miravet-Tenes, M., Mishkin, A., Mishra, C., Mishra, T., Mistry, T., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Miyo, K., Miyoki, S., Geoffrey, Mo, Modafferi, L. M., Moguel, E., Mogushi, K., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Mohite, S. R., Molina, I, Molina-Ruiz, M., Mondin, M., Montani, M., Moore, C. J., Moragues, J., Moraru, D., Morawski, F., More, A., Moreno, C., Moreno, G., Mori, Y., Morisaki, S., Morisue, N., Moriwaki, Y., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mozzon, S., Muciaccia, F., Mukherjee, Arunava, Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, Soma, Mukherjee, Subroto, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Muniz, E. A., Murray, P. G., Musenich, R., Muusse, S., Nadji, S. L., Nagano, K., Nagar, A., Nakamura, K., Nakano, H., Nakano, M., Nakayama, Y., Napolano, V, Nardecchia, I, Narikawa, T., Narola, H., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, B., Nayak, R. K., Neil, B. F., Neilson, J., Nelson, A., Nelson, T. J. N., Nery, M., Neubauer, P., Neunzert, A., K. Y., Ng, S. W. S., Ng, Nguyen, C., Nguyen, P., Nguyen, T., Quynh, L. Nguyen, Ni, J., W-T, Ni, Nichols, S. A., Nishimoto, T., Nishizawa, A., Nissanke, S., Nitoglia, E., Nocera, F., Norman, M., North, C., Nozaki, S., Nurbek, G., Nuttall, L. K., Obayashi, Y., Oberling, J., O'Brien, B. D., O'Dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogaki, W., Oganesyan, G., J. J., Oh, Oh, K., S. H., Oh, Ohashi, M., Ohashi, T., Ohkawa, M., Ohme, F., Ohta, H., Okada, M. A., Okutani, Y., Olivetto, C., Oohara, K., Oram, R., O'Reilly, B., Ormiston, R. G., Ormsby, N. D., O'Shaughnessy, R., O'Shea, E., Oshino, S., Ossokine, S., Osthelder, C., Otabe, S., Ottaway, D. J., Overmier, H., Pace, A. E., Pagano, G., Pagano, R., Page, M. A., Pagliaroli, G., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Pal, S., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pan, H., Pan, K-C, P, P. K., A, Pang, P. T. H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Panther, F. H., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Paolone, A., Pappas, G., Parisi, A., Park, H., Park, J., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patel, M., Pathak, M., Patricelli, B., Patron, A. S., Paul, S., Payne, E., Pedraza, M., Pedur, Pegoraro, M., Pele, A., Arellano, F. E. Pena, Penano, S., Penn, S., Perego, A., Pereira, A., Pereira, T., Perez, C. J., Perigois, C., Perkins, C. C., Perreca, A., Perries, S., Pesios, D., Petermann, J., Petterson, D., Pfeiffer, H. P., Pham, H., Pham, K. A., Phukon, K. S., Phurailatpam, H., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piendibene, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierini, L., Pierro, V, Pillant, G., Pillas, M., Pilo, F., Pinard, L., Pineda-Bosque, C., Pinto, I. M., Pinto, M., Piotrzkowski, B. J., Piotrzkowski, K., Pirello, M., Pitkin, M. D., Placidi, A., Placidi, E., Planas, M. L., Plastino, W., Pluchar, C., Poggiani, R., Polini, E., Pong, D. Y. T., Ponrathnam, S., Porter, E. K., Poulton, R., Poverman, A., Powell, J., Pracchia, M., Pradier, T., Prajapati, A. K., Prasai, K., Prasanna, R., Pratten, G., Principe, M., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Prosposito, P., Prudenzi, L., Puecher, A., Punturo, M., Puosi, F., Puppo, P., Purrer, M., Qi, H., Quartey, N., Quetschke, V, Quinonez, P. J., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Raaijmakers, G., Radkins, H., Radulesco, N., Raffai, P., Rail, S. X., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Ramirez, K. E., Ramirez, T. D., Ramos-Buades, A., Rana, J., Rapagnani, P., Ray, A., Raymond, V, Raza, N., Razzano, M., Read, J., Rees, L. A., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reid, S. W., Reitze, D. H., Relton, P., Renzini, A., Rettegno, P., Revenu, B., Reza, A., Rezac, M., Ricci, F., Richards, D., Richardson, J. W., Richardson, L., Riemenschneider, G., Riles, K., Rinaldi, S., Rink, K., Robertson, N. A., Robie, R., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rodriguez, S., Roll, Rollins, J. G., Romanelli, M., Romano, R., Romel, C. L., Romero, A., Romero-Shaw, I. M., Romie, J. H., Ronchini, S., Rosa, L., Rose, C. A., Ross, M. P., Rowan, S., Rowlinson, S. J., Roy, S., Roy, Santosh, Roy, Soumen, Rozza, D., Ruggi, P., Ruiz-Rocha, K., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadiq, J., Saha, S., Saito, Y., Sakai, K., Sakellariadou, M., Sakon, S., Salafia, O. S., Salces-Carcoba, F., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Samajdar, A., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, J. H., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., S, Ers, J. R., Sanuy, A., Saravanan, T. R., Sarin, N., Sassolas, B., Satari, H., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Savant, V, Sawada, T., Sawant, H. L., Sayah, S., Schaetzl, D., Scheel, M., Scheuer, J., Schiworski, M. G., Schmidt, P., Schmidt, S., Schnabel, R., Schneewind, M., Schofield, R. M. S., Schonbeck, A., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Schwartz, E., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Sekiguchi, Y., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Seo, E. G., Sequino, V, Sergeev, A., Setyawati, Y., Shaffer, T., Shahriar, M. S., Shaikh, M. A., Shams, B., Shao, L., Sharma, A., Sharma, P., Shawhan, P., Shcheblanov, N. S., Sheela, A., Shikano, Y., Shikauchi, M., Shimizu, H., Shimode, K., Shinkai, H., Shishido, T., Shoda, A., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Shyamsundar, S., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Silenzi, L., Singer, L. P., Singh, D., Singh, M. K., Singh, N., Singha, A., Sintes, A. M., Sipala, V, Skliris, V, Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smetana, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, L., Smith, R. J. E., Soldateschi, J., Somala, S. N., Somiya, K., Song, I, Soni, K., Sordini, V, Sorrentino, F., Sorrentino, N., Soulard, R., Souradeep, T., Sowell, E., Spagnuolo, V, Spencer, A. P., Spera, M., Spinicelli, P., Srivastava, A. K., Srivastava, V, Staats, K., Stachie, C., Stachurski, F., Steer, D. A., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Stergioulas, N., Stops, D. J., Stover, M., Strain, K. A., Strang, L. C., Stratta, G., Strong, M. D., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Suchenek, M., Sudhagar, S., Sudhir, V, Sugimoto, R., Suh, H. G., Sullivan, A. G., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Sur, A., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Suzuki, Takamasa, Suzuki, Takanori, Suzuki, Toshikazu, Swinkels, B. L., Szewczyk, P., Tacca, M., Tagoshi, H., Tait, S. C., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, R., Takano, S., Takeda, H., Takeda, M., Talbot, C. J., Talbot, C., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, Taiki, Tanaka, Takahiro, Tanasijczuk, A. J., Tanioka, S., Tanner, D. B., Tao, D., Tao, L., Tapia, R. D., San Martin, E. N. Tapia, Taranto, C., Taruya, A., Tasson, J. D., Tenorio, R., Terhune, J. E. S., Terkowski, L., Thirugnanasamb, M. P., Am, Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thompson, E. E., Thompson, J. E., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tiwari, Shubhanshu, Tiwari, Srishti, Tiwari, V, Toivonen, A. M., Tolley, A. E., Tomaru, T., Tomura, T., Tonelli, M., Tornasi, Z., Torres-Forne, A., Torrie, Melo, I. Tosta E., Toyra, D., Trapananti, A., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trevor, M., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Troiano, L., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R. J., Tsai, D., Tsang, K. W., Tsang, T., Tsao, J-S, Tse, M., Tso, R., Tsuchida, S., Tsukada, L., Tsuna, D., Tsutsui, T., Turbang, K., Turconi, M., Tuyenbayev, D., Ubhi, A. S., Uchikata, N., Uchiyama, T., Udall, R. P., Ueda, A., Uehara, T., Ueno, K., Ueshima, G., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Ushiba, T., Utina, A., Vajente, G., Vajpeyi, A., Valdes, G., Valentini, M., Valsan, V., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van Dael, M., van den Br, J. F. J., Van den Broeck, C., er-Hyde, D. C., van Haevermaet, H., Van, Heijningen, van Putten, M. H. P. M., van Remortel, N., Vardaro, M., Vargas, A. F., Varma, V., Vasuth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venneberg, J., Venugopalan, G., Verkindt, D., Verma, P., Verma, Y., Vermeulen, S. M., Veske, D., Vetrano, F., Vicere, A., Vidyant, S., Viets, A. D., Vijaykumar, A., Villa-Ortega, V., Vinet, J-Y, Virtuoso, A., Vitale, S., Vocca, H., von Reis, E. R. G., von Wrangel, J. S. A., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Wagner, K. J., Walet, R. C., Walker, M., Wallace, G. S., Wallace, L., Wang, J., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Ward, R. L., Warner, J., Was, M., Washimi, T., Washington, N. Y., Watchi, J., Weaver, B., Weaving, C. R., Webster, S. A., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Weller, C. M., Weller, R. A., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Wessels, P., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., White, D. D., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wilken, D., Williams, D., Williams, M. J., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wilson, D. J., Wipf, C. C., Wlodarczyk, T., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wong, D., Wong, I. C. F., Wright, M., Wu, C., D. S., Wu, Wu, H., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, L., Yamada, T., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T., Yamashita, K., Yamazaki, R., Yang, F. W., Yang, K. Z., Yang, L., Yang, Y-C, Yang, Y., Yang, Yang, Yap, M. J., Yeeles, D. W., Yeh, S-W, Yelikar, A. B., Ying, M., Yokoyama, J., Yokozawa, T., Yoo, J., Yoshioka, T., Hang, Yu, Haocun, Yu, Yuzurihara, H., Zanolin, M., Zeidler, S., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J-P, Zevin, M., Zhan, M., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, R., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, G., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Yue, Zhou, R., Zhou, Z., Zhu, X. J., Zhu, Z-H, Zimmerman, A. B., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., LIGO Sci Collaboration, Virgo, Collaboration, Kagra, Collaboration, Abbott, R, Abe, H, Acernese, F, Ackley, K, Adhikari, N, Adhikari, R, Adkins, V, Adya, V, Affeldt, C, Agarwal, D, Agathos, M, Agatsuma, K, Aggarwal, N, Aguiar, O, Aiello, L, Ain, A, Ajith, P, Akutsu, T, Albanesi, S, Alfaidi, R, Allocca, A, Altin, P, Amato, A, Anand, C, Anand, S, Ananyeva, A, Anderson, S, Anderson, W, Ando, M, Andrade, T, Andres, N, Andres-Carcasona, M, Andric, T, Angelova, S, Ansoldi, S, Antelis, J, Antier, S, Apostolatos, T, Appavuravther, E, Appert, S, Apple, S, Arai, K, Araya, A, Araya, M, Areeda, J, Arene, M, Aritomi, N, Arnaud, N, Arogeti, M, Aronson, S, Arun, K, Asada, H, Asali, Y, Ashton, G, Aso, Y, Assiduo, M, Melo, S, Aston, S, Astone, P, Aubin, F, Aultoneal, K, Austin, C, Babak, S, Badaracco, F, Bader, M, Badger, C, Bae, S, Bae, Y, Baer, A, Bagnasco, S, Bai, Y, Baird, J, Bajpai, R, Baka, T, Ball, M, Ballardin, G, Ballmer, S, Balsamo, A, Baltus, G, Banagiri, S, Banerjee, B, Bankar, D, Barayoga, J, Barbieri, C, Barish, B, Barker, D, Barneo, P, Barone, F, Barr, B, Barsotti, L, Barsuglia, M, Barta, D, Bartlett, J, Barton, M, Bartos, I, Basak, S, Bassiri, R, Basti, A, Bawaj, M, Bayley, J, Bazzan, M, Becher, B, Becsy, B, Bedakihale, V, Beirnaert, F, Bejger, M, Belahcene, I, Benedetto, V, Beniwal, D, Benjamin, M, Bennett, T, Bentley, J, Benyaala, M, Bera, S, Berbel, M, Bergamin, F, Berger, B, Bernuzzi, S, Bersanetti, D, Bertolini, A, Betzwieser, J, Beveridge, D, Bhandare, R, Bhandari, A, Bhardwaj, U, Bhatt, R, Bhattacharjee, D, Bhaumik, S, Bianchi, A, Bilenko, I, Billingsley, G, Bini, S, Birney, R, Birnholtz, O, Biscans, S, Bischi, M, Biscoveanu, S, Bisht, A, Biswas, B, Bitossi, M, Bizouard, M, Blackburn, J, Blair, C, Blair, D, Blair, R, Bobba, F, Bode, N, Boer, M, Bogaert, G, Boldrini, M, Bolingbroke, G, Bonavena, L, Bondu, F, Bonilla, E, Bonnand, R, Booker, P, Boom, B, Bork, R, Boschi, V, Bose, N, Bose, S, Bossilkov, V, Boudart, V, Bouffanais, Y, Bozzi, A, Bradaschia, C, Brady, P, Bramley, A, Branch, A, Branchesi, M, Brau, J, Breschi, M, Briant, T, Briggs, J, Brillet, A, Brinkmann, M, Brockill, P, Brooks, A, Brooks, J, Brown, D, Brunett, S, Bruno, G, Bruntz, R, Bryant, J, Bucci, F, Bulik, T, Bulten, H, Buonanno, A, Burtnyk, K, Buscicchio, R, Buskulic, D, Buy, C, Byer, R, Davies, G, Cabras, G, Cabrita, R, Cadonati, L, Caesar, M, Cagnoli, G, Cahillane, C, Bustillo, J, Callaghan, J, Callister, T, Calloni, E, Cameron, J, Camp, J, Canepa, M, Canevarolo, S, Cannavacciuolo, M, Cannon, K, Cao, H, Cao, Z, Capocasa, E, Capote, E, Carapella, G, Carbognani, F, Carlassara, M, Carlin, J, Carney, M, Carpinelli, M, Carrillo, G, Carullo, G, Carver, T, Diaz, J, Casentini, C, Castaldi, G, Caudill, S, Cavaglia, M, Cavalier, F, Cavalieri, R, Cella, G, Cerda-Duran, P, Cesarini, E, Chaibi, W, Subrahmanya, S, Champion, E, Chan, C, Chan, K, Chan, M, Chandra, K, Chang, I, Chanial, P, Chao, S, Chapman-Bird, C, Charlton, P, Chase, E, Chassande-Mottin, E, Chatterjee, C, Chatterjee, D, Chaturvedi, M, Chaty, S, Chen, C, Chen, D, Chen, H, Chen, J, Chen, K, Chen, X, Chen, Y, Chen, Z, Cheng, H, Cheong, C, Cheung, H, Chia, H, Chiadini, F, Chiang, C, Chiarini, G, Chierici, R, Chincarini, A, Chiofalo, M, Chiummo, A, Choudhary, R, Choudhary, S, Christensen, N, Chu, Q, Chu, Y, Chua, S, Chung, K, Ciani, G, Ciecielag, P, Cieslar, M, Cifaldi, M, Ciobanu, A, Ciolfi, R, Cipriano, F, Clara, F, Clark, J, Clearwater, P, Clesse, S, Cleva, F, Coccia, E, Codazzo, E, Cohadon, P, Cohen, D, Colleoni, M, Collette, C, Colombo, A, Colpi, M, Compton, C, Constancio, M, Conti, L, Cooper, S, Corban, P, Corbitt, T, Cordero-Carrion, I, Corezzi, S, Corley, K, Cornish, N, Corre, D, Corsi, A, Cortese, S, Costa, C, Cotesta, R, Cottingham, R, Coughlin, M, Coulon, J, Countryman, S, Cousins, B, Couvares, P, Coward, D, Cowart, M, Coyne, D, Coyne, R, Creighton, J, Creighton, T, Criswell, A, Croquette, M, Crowder, S, Cudell, J, Cullen, T, Cumming, A, Cummings, R, Cunningham, L, Cuoco, E, Curylo, M, Dabadie, P, Canton, T, Dall'Osso, S, Dalya, G, Dana, A, D'Angelo, B, Danilishin, S, D'Antonio, S, Danzmann, K, Darsow-Fromm, C, Dasgupta, A, Datrier, L, Datta, S, Dattilo, V, Dave, I, Davier, M, Davis, D, Davis, M, Daw, E, Dean, R, Debra, D, Deenadayalan, M, Degallaix, J, De Laurentis, M, Deleglise, S, Del Favero, V, De Lillo, F, De Lillo, N, Dell'Aquila, D, Del Pozzo, W, Demarchi, L, De Matteis, F, D'Emilio, V, Demos, N, Dent, T, Depasse, A, De Pietri, R, De Rosa, R, De Rossi, C, Desalvo, R, De Simone, R, Dhurandhar, S, Diaz, M, Didio, N, Dietrich, T, Di Fiore, L, Di Fronzo, C, Di Giorgio, C, Di Giovanni, F, Di Giovanni, M, Di Girolamo, T, Di Lieto, A, Di Michele, A, Ding, B, Di Pace, S, Di Palma, I, Di Renzo, F, Divakarla, A, Dmitriev, A, Doctor, Z, Donahue, L, D'Onofrio, L, Donovan, F, Dooley, K, Doravari, S, Drago, M, Driggers, J, Drori, Y, Ducoin, J, Dupej, P, Dupletsa, U, Durante, O, D'Urso, D, Duverne, P, Dwyer, S, Eassa, C, Easter, P, Ebersold, M, Eckhardt, T, Eddolls, G, Edelman, B, Edo, T, Edy, O, Effler, A, Eguchi, S, Eichholz, J, Eikenberry, S, Eisenmann, M, Eisenstein, R, Ejlli, A, Engelby, E, Enomoto, Y, Errico, L, Essick, R, Estelles, H, Estevez, D, Etienne, Z, Etzel, T, Evans, M, Evans, T, Evstafyeva, T, Ewing, B, Fabrizi, F, Faedi, F, Fafone, V, Fair, H, Fairhurst, S, Fan, P, Farah, A, Farinon, S, Farr, B, Farr, W, Fauchon-Jones, E, Favaro, G, Favata, M, Fays, M, Fazio, M, Feicht, J, Fejer, M, Fenyvesi, E, Ferguson, D, Fernandez-Galiana, A, Ferrante, I, Ferreira, T, Fidecaro, F, Figura, P, Fiori, A, Fiori, I, Fishbach, M, Fisher, R, Fittipaldi, R, Fiumara, V, Flaminio, R, Floden, E, Fong, H, Font, J, Fornal, B, Forsyth, P, Franke, A, Frasca, S, Frasconi, F, Freed, J, Frei, Z, Freise, A, Freitas, O, Frey, R, Fritschel, P, Frolov, V, Fronze, G, Fujii, Y, Fujikawa, Y, Fujimoto, Y, Fulda, P, Fyffe, M, Gabbard, H, Gadre, B, Gair, J, Gais, J, Galaudage, S, Gamba, R, Ganapathy, D, Ganguly, A, Gao, D, Gaonkar, S, Garaventa, B, Nunez, C, Garcia-Quiros, C, Garufi, F, Gateley, B, Gayathri, V, Ge, G, Gemme, G, Gennai, A, George, J, Gerberding, O, Gergely, L, Gewecke, P, Ghonge, S, Ghosh, A, Ghosh, S, Ghosh, T, Giacomazzo, B, Giacoppo, L, Giaime, J, Giardina, K, Gibson, D, Gier, C, Giesler, M, Giri, P, Gissi, F, Gkaitatzis, S, Glanzer, J, Gleckl, A, Godwin, P, Goetz, E, Goetz, R, Gohlke, N, Golomb, J, Goncharov, B, Gonzalez, G, Gosselin, M, Gouaty, R, Gould, D, Goyal, S, Grace, B, Grado, A, Graham, V, Granata, M, Granata, V, Grant, A, Gras, S, Grassia, P, Gray, C, Gray, R, Greco, G, Green, A, Green, R, Gretarsson, A, Gretarsson, E, Griffith, D, Griffiths, W, Griggs, H, Grignani, G, Grimaldi, A, Grimes, E, Grimm, S, Grote, H, Grunewald, S, Gruning, P, Gruson, A, Guerra, D, Guidi, G, Guimaraes, A, Guixe, G, Gulati, H, Gunny, A, Guo, H, Guo, Y, Gupta, A, Gupta, I, Gupta, P, Gupta, S, Gustafson, R, Guzman, F, Ha, S, Hadiputrawan, I, Haegel, L, Haino, S, Halim, O, Hall, E, Hamilton, E, Hammond, G, Han, W, Haney, M, Hanks, J, Hanna, C, Hannam, M, Hannuksela, O, Hansen, H, Hansen, T, Hanson, J, Harder, T, Haris, K, Harms, J, Harry, G, Harry, I, Hartwig, D, Hasegawa, K, Haskell, B, Haster, C, Hathaway, J, Hattori, K, Haughian, K, Hayakawa, H, Hayama, K, Hayes, F, Healy, J, Heidmann, A, Heidt, A, Heintze, M, Heinze, J, Heinzel, J, Heitmann, H, Hellman, F, Hello, P, Helmling-Cornell, A, Hemming, G, Hendry, M, Heng, I, Hennes, E, Hennig, J, Hennig, M, Henshaw, C, Hernandez, A, Vivanco, F, Heurs, M, Hewitt, A, Higginbotham, S, Hild, S, Hill, P, Himemoto, Y, Hines, A, Hirata, N, Hirose, C, Ho, T, Hochheim, S, Hofman, D, Hohmann, J, Holcomb, D, Holland, N, Hollows, I, Holmes, Z, Holt, K, Holz, D, Hong, Q, Hough, J, Hourihane, S, Howell, E, Hoy, C, Hoyland, D, Hreibi, A, Hsieh, B, Hsieh, H, Hsiung, C, Hsu, Y, Huang, H, Huang, P, Huang, Y, Hubner, M, Huddart, A, Hughey, B, Hui, D, Hui, V, Husa, S, Huttner, S, Huxford, R, Huynh-Dinh, T, Ide, S, Idzkowski, B, Iess, A, Inayoshi, K, Inoue, Y, Iosif, P, Isi, M, Isleif, K, Ito, K, Itoh, Y, Iyer, B, Jaberianhamedan, V, Jacqmin, T, Jacquet, P, Jadhav, S, Jain, T, James, A, Jan, A, Jani, K, Janquart, J, Janssens, K, Janthalur, N, Jaranowski, P, Jariwala, D, Jaume, R, Jenkins, A, Jenner, K, Jeon, C, Jia, W, Jiang, J, Jin, H, Johns, G, Johnston, R, Jones, A, Jones, D, Jones, P, Jones, R, Joshi, P, Ju, L, Jue, A, Jung, P, Jung, K, Junker, J, Juste, V, Kaihotsu, K, Kajita, T, Kakizaki, M, Kalaghatgi, C, Kalogera, V, Kamai, B, Kamiizumi, M, Kanda, N, Kandhasamy, S, Kang, G, Kanner, J, Kao, Y, Kapadia, S, Kapasi, D, Karathanasis, C, Karki, S, Kashyap, R, Kasprzack, M, Kastaun, W, Kato, T, Katsanevas, S, Katsavounidis, E, Katzman, W, Kaur, T, Kawabe, K, Kawaguchi, K, Kefelian, F, Keitel, D, Key, J, Khadka, S, Khalili, F, Khan, S, Khanam, T, Khazanov, E, Khetan, N, Khursheed, M, Kijbunchoo, N, Kim, A, Kim, C, Kim, J, Kim, K, Kim, W, Kim, Y, Kimball, C, Kimura, N, Kinley-Hanlon, M, Kirchhoff, R, Kissel, J, Klimenko, S, Klinger, T, Knee, A, Knowles, T, Knust, N, Knyazev, E, Kobayashi, Y, Koch, P, Koekoek, G, Kohri, K, Kokeyama, K, Koley, S, Kolitsidou, P, Kolstein, M, Komori, K, Kondrashov, V, Kong, A, Kontos, A, Koper, N, Korobko, M, Kovalam, M, Koyama, N, Kozak, D, Kozakai, C, Kringel, V, Krishnendu, N, Krolak, A, Kuehn, G, Kuei, F, Kuijer, P, Kulkarni, S, Kumar, A, Kumar, P, Kumar, R, Kume, J, Kuns, K, Kuromiya, Y, Kuroyanagi, S, Kwak, K, Lacaille, G, Lagabbe, P, Laghi, D, Lalande, E, Lalleman, M, Lam, T, Lamberts, A, Landry, M, Lane, B, Lang, R, Lange, J, Lantz, B, La Rosa, I, Lartaux-Vollard, A, Lasky, P, Laxen, M, Lazzarini, A, Lazzaro, C, Leaci, P, Leavey, S, Lebohec, S, Lecoeuche, Y, Lee, E, Lee, H, Lee, K, Lee, R, Legred, I, Lehmann, J, Lemaitre, A, Lenti, M, Leonardi, M, Leonova, E, Leroy, N, Letendre, N, Levesque, C, Levin, Y, Leviton, J, Leyde, K, Li, A, Li, B, Li, J, Li, K, Li, P, Li, T, Li, X, Lin, C, Lin, E, Lin, F, Lin, H, Lin, L, Linde, F, Linker, S, Linley, J, Littenberg, T, Liu, G, Liu, J, Liu, K, Liu, X, Llamas, F, Lo, R, Lo, T, London, L, Longo, A, Lopez, D, Portilla, M, Lorenzini, M, Loriette, V, Lormand, M, Losurdo, G, Lott, T, Lough, J, Lousto, C, Lovelace, G, Lucaccioni, J, Luck, H, Lumaca, D, Lundgren, A, Luo, L, Lynam, J, Ma'Arif, M, Macas, R, Machtinger, J, Macinnis, M, Macleod, D, Macmillan, I, Macquet, A, Hernandez, I, Magazzu, C, Magee, R, Maggiore, R, Magnozzi, M, Mahesh, S, Majorana, E, Maksimovic, I, Maliakal, S, Malik, A, Man, N, Mandic, V, Mangano, V, Mansell, G, Manske, M, Mantovani, M, Mapelli, M, Marchesoni, F, Pina, D, Marion, F, Mark, Z, Marka, S, Marka, Z, Markakis, C, Markosyan, A, Markowitz, A, Maros, E, Marquina, A, Marsat, S, Martelli, F, Martin, I, Martin, R, Martinez, M, Martinez, V, Martinovic, K, Martynov, D, Marx, E, Masalehdan, H, Mason, K, Massera, E, Masserot, A, Masso-Reid, M, Mastrogiovanni, S, Matas, A, Mateu-Lucena, M, Matichard, F, Matiushechkina, M, Mavalvala, N, Mccann, J, Mccarthy, R, Mcclelland, D, Mcclincy, P, Mccormick, S, Mcculler, L, Mcghee, G, Mcguire, S, Mcisaac, C, Mciver, J, Mcrae, T, Mcwilliams, S, Meacher, D, Mehmet, M, Mehta, A, Meijer, Q, Melatos, A, Melchor, D, Mendell, G, Menendez-Vazquez, A, Menoni, C, Mercer, R, Mereni, L, Merfeld, K, Merilh, E, Merritt, J, Merzougui, M, Meshkov, S, Messenger, C, Messick, C, Meyers, P, Meylahn, F, Mhaske, A, Miani, A, Miao, H, Michaloliakos, I, Michel, C, Michimura, Y, Middleton, H, Mihaylov, D, Milano, L, Miller, A, Miller, B, Millhouse, M, Mills, J, Milotti, E, Minenkov, Y, Mio, N, Mir, L, Miravet-Tenes, M, Mishkin, A, Mishra, C, Mishra, T, Mistry, T, Mitra, S, Mitrofanov, V, Mitselmakher, G, Mittleman, R, Miyakawa, O, Miyo, K, Miyoki, S, Mo, G, Modafferi, L, Moguel, E, Mogushi, K, Mohapatra, S, Mohite, S, Molina, I, Molina-Ruiz, M, Mondin, M, Montani, M, Moore, C, Moragues, J, Moraru, D, Morawski, F, More, A, Moreno, C, Moreno, G, Mori, Y, Morisaki, S, Morisue, N, Moriwaki, Y, Mours, B, Mow-Lowry, C, Mozzon, S, Muciaccia, F, Mukherjee, A, Mukherjee, D, Mukherjee, S, Mukund, N, Mullavey, A, Munch, J, Muniz, E, Murray, P, Musenich, R, Muusse, S, Nadji, S, Nagano, K, Nagar, A, Nakamura, K, Nakano, H, Nakano, M, Nakayama, Y, Napolano, V, Nardecchia, I, Narikawa, T, Narola, H, Naticchioni, L, Nayak, B, Nayak, R, Neil, B, Neilson, J, Nelson, A, Nelson, T, Nery, M, Neubauer, P, Neunzert, A, Ng, K, Ng, S, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, P, Nguyen, T, Quynh, L, Ni, J, Ni, W, Nichols, S, Nishimoto, T, Nishizawa, A, Nissanke, S, Nitoglia, E, Nocera, F, Norman, M, North, C, Nozaki, S, Nurbek, G, Nuttall, L, Obayashi, Y, Oberling, J, O'Brien, B, O'Dell, J, Oelker, E, Ogaki, W, Oganesyan, G, Oh, J, Oh, K, Oh, S, Ohashi, M, Ohashi, T, Ohkawa, M, Ohme, F, Ohta, H, Okada, M, Okutani, Y, Olivetto, C, Oohara, K, Oram, R, O'Reilly, B, Ormiston, R, Ormsby, N, O'Shaughnessy, R, O'Shea, E, Oshino, S, Ossokine, S, Osthelder, C, Otabe, S, Ottaway, D, Overmier, H, Pace, A, Pagano, G, Pagano, R, Page, M, Pagliaroli, G, Pai, A, Pai, S, Pal, S, Palamos, J, Palashov, O, Palomba, C, Pan, H, Pan, K, Panda, P, Pang, P, Pankow, C, Pannarale, F, Pant, B, Panther, F, Paoletti, F, Paoli, A, Paolone, A, Pappas, G, Parisi, A, Park, H, Park, J, Parker, W, Pascucci, D, Pasqualetti, A, Passaquieti, R, Passuello, D, Patel, M, Pathak, M, Patricelli, B, Patron, A, Paul, S, Payne, E, Pedraza, M, Pedurand, R, Pegoraro, M, Pele, A, Arellano, F, Penano, S, Penn, S, Perego, A, Pereira, A, Pereira, T, Perez, C, Perigois, C, Perkins, C, Perreca, A, Perries, S, Pesios, D, Petermann, J, Petterson, D, Pfeiffer, H, Pham, H, Pham, K, Phukon, K, Phurailatpam, H, Piccinni, O, Pichot, M, Piendibene, M, Piergiovanni, F, Pierini, L, Pierro, V, Pillant, G, Pillas, M, Pilo, F, Pinard, L, Pineda-Bosque, C, Pinto, I, Pinto, M, Piotrzkowski, B, Piotrzkowski, K, Pirello, M, Pitkin, M, Placidi, A, Placidi, E, Planas, M, Plastino, W, Pluchar, C, Poggiani, R, Polini, E, Pong, D, Ponrathnam, S, Porter, E, Poulton, R, Poverman, A, Powell, J, Pracchia, M, Pradier, T, Prajapati, A, Prasai, K, Prasanna, R, Pratten, G, Principe, M, Prodi, G, Prokhorov, L, Prosposito, P, Prudenzi, L, Puecher, A, Punturo, M, Puosi, F, Puppo, P, Purrer, M, Qi, H, Quartey, N, Quetschke, V, Quinonez, P, Quitzow-James, R, Raab, F, Raaijmakers, G, Radkins, H, Radulesco, N, Raffai, P, Rail, S, Raja, S, Rajan, C, Ramirez, K, Ramirez, T, Ramos-Buades, A, Rana, J, Rapagnani, P, Ray, A, Raymond, V, Raza, N, Razzano, M, Read, J, Rees, L, Regimbau, T, Rei, L, Reid, S, Reitze, D, Relton, P, Renzini, A, Rettegno, P, Revenu, B, Reza, A, Rezac, M, Ricci, F, Richards, D, Richardson, J, Richardson, L, Riemenschneider, G, Riles, K, Rinaldi, S, Rink, K, Robertson, N, Robie, R, Robinet, F, Rocchi, A, Rodriguez, S, Rolland, L, Rollins, J, Romanelli, M, Romano, R, Romel, C, Romero, A, Romero-Shaw, I, Romie, J, Ronchini, S, Rosa, L, Rose, C, Rosinska, D, Ross, M, Rowan, S, Rowlinson, S, Roy, S, Rozza, D, Ruggi, P, Ruiz-Rocha, K, Ryan, K, Sachdev, S, Sadecki, T, Sadiq, J, Saha, S, Saito, Y, Sakai, K, Sakellariadou, M, Sakon, S, Salafia, O, Salces-Carcoba, F, Salconi, L, Saleem, M, Salemi, F, Samajdar, A, Sanchez, E, Sanchez, J, Sanchez, L, Sanchis-Gual, N, Sanders, J, Sanuy, A, Saravanan, T, Sarin, N, Sassolas, B, Satari, H, Sauter, O, Savage, R, Savant, V, Sawada, T, Sawant, H, Sayah, S, Schaetzl, D, Scheel, M, Scheuer, J, Schiworski, M, Schmidt, P, Schmidt, S, Schnabel, R, Schneewind, M, Schofield, R, Schonbeck, A, Schulte, B, Schutz, B, Schwartz, E, Scott, J, Scott, S, Seglar-Arroyo, M, Sekiguchi, Y, Sellers, D, Sengupta, A, Sentenac, D, Seo, E, Sequino, V, Sergeev, A, Setyawati, Y, Shaffer, T, Shahriar, M, Shaikh, M, Shams, B, Shao, L, Sharma, A, Sharma, P, Shawhan, P, Shcheblanov, N, Sheela, A, Shikano, Y, Shikauchi, M, Shimizu, H, Shimode, K, Shinkai, H, Shishido, T, Shoda, A, Shoemaker, D, Shyamsundar, S, Sieniawska, M, Sigg, D, Silenzi, L, Singer, L, Singh, D, Singh, M, Singh, N, Singha, A, Sintes, A, Sipala, V, Skliris, V, Slagmolen, B, Slaven-Blair, T, Smetana, J, Smith, J, Smith, L, Smith, R, Soldateschi, J, Somala, S, Somiya, K, Song, I, Soni, K, Sordini, V, Sorrentino, F, Sorrentino, N, Soulard, R, Souradeep, T, Sowell, E, Spagnuolo, V, Spencer, A, Spera, M, Spinicelli, P, Srivastava, A, Srivastava, V, Staats, K, Stachie, C, Stachurski, F, Steer, D, Steinlechner, J, Steinlechner, S, Stergioulas, N, Stops, D, Stover, M, Strain, K, Strang, L, Stratta, G, Strong, M, Strunk, A, Sturani, R, Stuver, A, Suchenek, M, Sudhagar, S, Sudhir, V, Sugimoto, R, Suh, H, Sullivan, A, Summerscales, T, Sun, L, Sunil, S, Sur, A, Suresh, J, Sutton, P, Suzuki, T, Swinkels, B, Szczepanczyk, M, Szewczyk, P, Tacca, M, Tagoshi, H, Tait, S, Takahashi, H, Takahashi, R, Takano, S, Takeda, H, Takeda, M, Talbot, C, Tanaka, K, Tanaka, T, Tanasijczuk, A, Tanioka, S, Tanner, D, Tao, D, Tao, L, Tapia, R, Martin, E, Taranto, C, Taruya, A, Tasson, J, Tenorio, R, Terhune, J, Terkowski, L, Thirugnanasambandam, M, Thomas, M, Thomas, P, Thompson, E, Thompson, J, Thondapu, S, Thorne, K, Thrane, E, Tiwari, S, Tiwari, V, Toivonen, A, Tolley, A, Tomaru, T, Tomura, T, Tonelli, M, Tornasi, Z, Torres-Forne, A, Torrie, C, E Melo, I, Toyra, D, Trapananti, A, Travasso, F, Traylor, G, Trevor, M, Tringali, M, Tripathee, A, Troiano, L, Trovato, A, Trozzo, L, Trudeau, R, Tsai, D, Tsang, K, Tsang, T, Tsao, J, Tse, M, Tso, R, Tsuchida, S, Tsukada, L, Tsuna, D, Tsutsui, T, Turbang, K, Turconi, M, Tuyenbayev, D, Ubhi, A, Uchikata, N, Uchiyama, T, Udall, R, Ueda, A, Uehara, T, Ueno, K, Ueshima, G, Unnikrishnan, C, Urban, A, Ushiba, T, Utina, A, Vajente, G, Vajpeyi, A, Valdes, G, Valentini, M, Valsan, V, Van Bakel, N, Van Beuzekom, M, Van Dael, M, Van Den Brand, J, Van Den Broeck, C, Vander-Hyde, D, Van Haevermaet, H, Van Heijningen, J, Van Putten, M, Van Remortel, N, Vardaro, M, Vargas, A, Varma, V, Vasuth, M, Vecchio, A, Vedovato, G, Veitch, J, Veitch, P, Venneberg, J, Venugopalan, G, Verkindt, D, Verma, P, Verma, Y, Vermeulen, S, Veske, D, Vetrano, F, Vicere, A, Vidyant, S, Viets, A, Vijaykumar, A, Villa-Ortega, V, Vinet, J, Virtuoso, A, Vitale, S, Vocca, H, Von Reis, E, Von Wrangel, J, Vorvick, C, Vyatchanin, S, Wade, L, Wade, M, Wagner, K, Walet, R, Walker, M, Wallace, G, Wallace, L, Wang, J, Wang, W, Ward, R, Warner, J, Was, M, Washimi, T, Washington, N, Watchi, J, Weaver, B, Weaving, C, Webster, S, Weinert, M, Weinstein, A, Weiss, R, Weller, C, Weller, R, Wellmann, F, Wen, L, Wessels, P, Wette, K, Whelan, J, White, D, Whiting, B, Whittle, C, Wilken, D, Williams, D, Williams, M, Williamson, A, Willis, J, Willke, B, Wilson, D, Wipf, C, Wlodarczyk, T, Woan, G, Woehler, J, Wofford, J, Wong, D, Wong, I, Wright, M, Wu, C, Wu, D, Wu, H, Wysocki, D, Xiao, L, Yamada, T, Yamamoto, H, Yamamoto, K, Yamamoto, T, Yamashita, K, Yamazaki, R, Yang, F, Yang, K, Yang, L, Yang, Y, Yap, M, Yeeles, D, Yeh, S, Yelikar, A, Ying, M, Yokoyama, J, Yokozawa, T, Yoo, J, Yoshioka, T, Yu, H, Yuzurihara, H, Zadrozny, A, Zanolin, M, Zeidler, S, Zelenova, T, Zendri, J, Zevin, M, Zhan, M, Zhang, H, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zhang, R, Zhang, T, Zhang, Y, Zhao, C, Zhao, G, Zhao, Y, Zhou, R, Zhou, Z, Zhu, X, Zhu, Z, Zimmerman, A, Zucker, M, Zweizig, J, The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration, Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des deux Infinis de Toulouse (L2IT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and G, LIGO Sci Collaboration, Virgo Collaboration, KAGRA Collaboration, Physics, Theoretical Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Grav. waves and fundamental physics, RS: FSE Grav. waves and fundamental physics, RS: FSE MSP, Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI), High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, IoP (FNWI), Abbott, R., Abe, H., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adkins, V. K., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Akutsu, T., Albanesi, S., Alfaidi, R. A., Allocca, A., Altin, P. A., Amato, A., Anand, C., Anand, S., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andrés-Carcasona, M., Andrić, T., Angelova, S. V., Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Apostolatos, T., Appavuravther, E. Z., Appert, S., Apple, S. K., Arai, K., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Arène, M., Aritomi, N., Arnaud, N., Arogeti, M., Aronson, S. M., Arun, K. G., Asada, H., Asali, Y., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Melo, S. Assis de Souza, Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Aultoneal, K., Austin, C., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bae, Y., Baer, A. M., Bagnasco, S., Bai, Y., Baird, J., Bajpai, R., Baka, T., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Balsamo, A., Baltus, G., Banagiri, S., Banerjee, B., Bankar, D., Barayoga, J. C., Barbieri, C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Basak, S., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J. C., Bazzan, M., Becher, B. R., Bécsy, B., Bedakihale, V. M., Beirnaert, F., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Benedetto, V., Beniwal, D., Benjamin, M. G., Bennett, T. F., Bentley, J. D., Benyaala, M., Bera, S., Berbel, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, D., Bhandare, R., Bhandari, A. V., Bhardwaj, U., Bhatt, R., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bianchi, A., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Bini, S., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Bischi, M., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Biswas, B., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. -A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boër, M., Bogaert, G., Boldrini, M., Bolingbroke, G. N., Bonavena, L. D., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Boom, B. A., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, N., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Boudart, V., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Bramley, A., Branch, A., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Briggs, J. H., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brooks, J., Brown, D. D., Brunett, S., Bruno, G., Bruntz, R., Bryant, J., Bucci, F., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burtnyk, K., Buscicchio, R., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Davies, G. S. Cabourn, Cabras, G., Cabrita, R., Cadonati, L., Caesar, M., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Callaghan, J. D., Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Cameron, J., Camp, J. B., Canepa, M., Canevarolo, S., Cannavacciuolo, M., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, Z., Capocasa, E., Capote, E., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Carlassara, M., Carlin, J. B., Carney, M. F., Carpinelli, M., Carrillo, G., Carullo, G., Carver, T. L., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Castaldi, G., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, W., Subrahmanya, S. Chalathadka, Champion, E., Chan, C. -H., Chan, C., Chan, C. L., Chan, K., Chan, M., Chandra, K., Chang, I. P., Chanial, P., Chao, S., Chapman-Bird, C., Charlton, P., Chase, E. A., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, C., Chatterjee, Debarati, Chatterjee, Deep, Chaturvedi, M., Chaty, S., Chen, C., Chen, D., Chen, H. Y., Chen, J., Chen, K., Chen, X., Chen, Y. -B., Chen, Y. -R., Chen, Z., Cheng, H., Cheong, C. K., Cheung, H. Y., Chia, H. Y., Chiadini, F., Chiang, C-Y., Chiarini, G., Chierici, R., Chincarini, A., Chiofalo, M. L., Chiummo, A., Choudhary, R. K., Choudhary, S., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chu, Y-K., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, K. W., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Cieślar, M., Cifaldi, M., Ciobanu, A. A., Ciolfi, R., Cipriano, F., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Clearwater, P., Clesse, S., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Codazzo, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Cohen, D. E., Colleoni, M., Collette, C. G., Colombo, A., Colpi, M., Compton, C. M., Constancio, M., Conti, L., Cooper, S. J., Corban, P., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrión, I., Corezzi, S., Corley, K. R., Cornish, N. J., Corre, D., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Cotesta, R., Cottingham, R., Coughlin, M. W., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Cousins, B., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Criswell, A. W., Croquette, M., Crowder, S. G., Cudell, J. R., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cummings, R., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Curyło, M., Dabadie, P., Canton, T. Dal, Dall’Osso, S., Dálya, G., Dana, A., D’Angelo, B., Danilishin, S., D’Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darsow-Fromm, C., Dasgupta, A., Datrier, L. E. H., Datta, Sayak, Datta, Sayantani, Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Davier, M., Davis, D., Davis, M. C., Daw, E. J., Dean, R., Debra, D., Deenadayalan, M., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deléglise, S., Del Favero, V., De Lillo, F., De Lillo, N., Dell’Aquila, D., Del Pozzo, W., Demarchi, L. M., De Matteis, F., D’Emilio, V., Demos, N., Dent, T., Depasse, A., De Pietri, R., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., Desalvo, R., De Simone, R., Dhurandhar, S., Díaz, M. C., Didio, N. A., Dietrich, T., Di Fiore, L., Di Fronzo, C., Di Giorgio, C., Di Giovanni, F., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Di Lieto, A., Di Michele, A., Ding, B., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Renzo, F., Divakarla, A. K., Dmitriev, A., Doctor, Z., Donahue, L., D’Onofrio, L., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Drori, Y., Ducoin, J. -G., Dupej, P., Dupletsa, U., Durante, O., D’Urso, D., Duverne, P. -A., Dwyer, S. E., Eassa, C., Easter, P. J., Ebersold, M., Eckhardt, T., Eddolls, G., Edelman, B., Edo, T. B., Edy, O., Effler, A., Eguchi, S., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Eisenmann, M., Eisenstein, R. A., Ejlli, A., Engelby, E., Enomoto, Y., Errico, L., Essick, R. C., Estellés, H., Estevez, D., Etienne, Z., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Evstafyeva, T., Ewing, B. E., Fabrizi, F., Faedi, F., Fafone, V., Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Fan, P. C., Farah, A. M., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Fauchon-Jones, E. J., Favaro, G., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fazio, M., Feicht, J., Fejer, M. M., Fenyvesi, E., Ferguson, D. L., Fernandez-Galiana, A., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, T. A., Fidecaro, F., Figura, P., Fiori, A., Fiori, I., Fishbach, M., Fisher, R. P., Fittipaldi, R., Fiumara, V., Flaminio, R., Floden, E., Fong, H. K., Font, J. A., Fornal, B., Forsyth, P. W. F., Franke, A., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Freed, J. P., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Freitas, O., Frey, R., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fronzé, G. G., Fujii, Y., Fujikawa, Y., Fujimoto, Y., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A., Gadre, B. U., Gair, J. R., Gais, J., Galaudage, S., Gamba, R., Ganapathy, D., Ganguly, A., Gao, D., Gaonkar, S. G., Garaventa, B., Núñez, C. García, García-Quirós, C., Garufi, F., Gateley, B., Gayathri, V., Ge, G. -G., Gemme, G., Gennai, A., George, J., Gerberding, O., Gergely, L., Gewecke, P., Ghonge, S., Ghosh, Abhirup, Ghosh, Archisman, Ghosh, Shaon, Ghosh, Shrobana, Ghosh, Tathagata, Giacomazzo, B., Giacoppo, L., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Gibson, D. R., Gier, C., Giesler, M., Giri, P., Gissi, F., Gkaitatzis, S., Glanzer, J., Gleckl, A. E., Godwin, P., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gohlke, N., Golomb, J., Goncharov, B., González, G., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Gould, D. W., Goyal, S., Grace, B., Grado, A., Graham, V., Granata, M., Granata, V., Grant, A., Gras, S., Grassia, P., Gray, C., Gray, R., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Green, R., Gretarsson, A. M., Gretarsson, E. M., Griffith, D., Griffiths, W. L., Griggs, H. L., Grignani, G., Grimaldi, A., Grimes, E., Grimm, S. J., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Gruning, P., Gruson, A. S., Guerra, D., Guidi, G. M., Guimaraes, A. R., Guixé, G., Gulati, H. K., Gunny, A. M., Guo, H. -K., Guo, Y., Gupta, Anchal, Gupta, Anuradha, Gupta, I. M., Gupta, P., Gupta, S. K., Gustafson, R., Guzman, F., Ha, S., Hadiputrawan, I. P. W., Haegel, L., Haino, S., Halim, O., Hall, E. D., Hamilton, E. Z., Hammond, G., Han, W. -B., Haney, M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hannuksela, O., Hansen, H., Hansen, T. J., Hanson, J., Harder, T., Haris, K., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hartwig, D., Hasegawa, K., Haskell, B., Haster, C. -J., Hathaway, J. S., Hattori, K., Haughian, K., Hayakawa, H., Hayama, K., Hayes, F. J., Healy, J., Heidmann, A., Heidt, A., Heintze, M. C., Heinze, J., Heinzel, J., Heitmann, H., Hellman, F., Hello, P., Helmling-Cornell, A. F., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennes, E., Hennig, J., Hennig, M. H., Henshaw, C., Hernandez, A. G., Vivanco, F. Hernandez, Heurs, M., Hewitt, A. L., Higginbotham, S., Hild, S., Hill, P., Himemoto, Y., Hines, A. S., Hirata, N., Hirose, C., Ho, T-C., Hochheim, S., Hofman, D., Hohmann, J. N., Holcomb, D. G., Holland, N. A., Hollows, I. J., Holmes, Z. J., Holt, K., Holz, D. E., Hong, Q., Hough, J., Hourihane, S., Howell, E. J., Hoy, C. G., Hoyland, D., Hreibi, A., Hsieh, B-H., Hsieh, H-F., Hsiung, C., Hsu, Y., Huang, H-Y., Huang, P., Huang, Y-C., Huang, Y. -J., Huang, Yiting, Huang, Yiwen, Hübner, M. T., Huddart, A. D., Hughey, B., Hui, D. C. Y., Hui, V., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huxford, R., Huynh-Dinh, T., Ide, S., Idzkowski, B., Iess, A., Inayoshi, K., Inoue, Y., Iosif, P., Isi, M., Isleif, K., Ito, K., Itoh, Y., Iyer, B. R., Jaberianhamedan, V., Jacqmin, T., Jacquet, P. -E., Jadhav, S. J., Jadhav, S. P., Jain, T., James, A. L., Jan, A. Z., Jani, K., Janquart, J., Janssens, K., Janthalur, N. N., Jaranowski, P., Jariwala, D., Jaume, R., Jenkins, A. C., Jenner, K., Jeon, C., Jia, W., Jiang, J., Jin, H. -B., Johns, G. R., Johnston, R., Jones, A. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, P., Jones, R., Joshi, P., Ju, L., Jue, A., Jung, P., Jung, K., Junker, J., Juste, V., Kaihotsu, K., Kajita, T., Kakizaki, M., Kalaghatgi, C. V., Kalogera, V., Kamai, B., Kamiizumi, M., Kanda, N., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kao, Y., Kapadia, S. J., Kapasi, D. P., Karathanasis, C., Karki, S., Kashyap, R., Kasprzack, M., Kastaun, W., Kato, T., Katsanevas, S., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaur, T., Kawabe, K., Kawaguchi, K., Kéfélian, F., Keitel, D., Key, J. S., Khadka, S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, S., Khanam, T., Khazanov, E. A., Khetan, N., Khursheed, M., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, A., Kim, C., Kim, J. C., Kim, J., Kim, K., Kim, W. S., Kim, Y. -M., Kimball, C., Kimura, N., Kinley-Hanlon, M., Kirchhoff, R., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Klinger, T., Knee, A. M., Knowles, T. D., Knust, N., Knyazev, E., Kobayashi, Y., Koch, P., Koekoek, G., Kohri, K., Kokeyama, K., Koley, S., Kolitsidou, P., Kolstein, M., Komori, K., Kondrashov, V., Kong, A. K. H., Kontos, A., Koper, N., Korobko, M., Kovalam, M., Koyama, N., Kozak, D. B., Kozakai, C., Kringel, V., Krishnendu, N. V., Królak, A., Kuehn, G., Kuei, F., Kuijer, P., Kulkarni, S., Kumar, A., Kumar, Prayush, Kumar, Rahul, Kumar, Rakesh, Kume, J., Kuns, K., Kuromiya, Y., Kuroyanagi, S., Kwak, K., Lacaille, G., Lagabbe, P., Laghi, D., Lalande, E., Lalleman, M., Lam, T. L., Lamberts, A., Landry, M., Lane, B. B., Lang, R. N., Lange, J., Lantz, B., La Rosa, I., Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lasky, P. D., Laxen, M., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lebohec, S., Lecoeuche, Y. K., Lee, E., Lee, H. M., Lee, H. W., Lee, K., Lee, R., Legred, I. N., Lehmann, J., Lemaître, A., Lenti, M., Leonardi, M., Leonova, E., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levesque, C., Levin, Y., Leviton, J. N., Leyde, K., Li, A. K. Y., Li, B., Li, J., Li, K. L., Li, P., Li, T. G. F., Li, X., Lin, C-Y., Lin, E. T., Lin, F-K., Lin, F-L., Lin, H. L., Lin, L. C. -C., Linde, F., Linker, S. D., Linley, J. N., Littenberg, T. B., Liu, G. C., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liu, X., Llamas, F., Lo, R. K. L., Lo, T., London, L. T., Longo, A., Lopez, D., Portilla, M. Lopez, Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lott, T. P., Lough, J. D., Lousto, C. O., Lovelace, G., Lucaccioni, J. F., Lück, H., Lumaca, D., Lundgren, A. P., Luo, L. -W., Lynam, J. E., Ma’Arif, M., Macas, R., Machtinger, J. B., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Macmillan, I. A. O., Macquet, A., Hernandez, I. Magaña, Magazzù, C., Magee, R. M., Maggiore, R., Magnozzi, M., Mahesh, S., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Maliakal, S., Malik, A., Man, N., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Mapelli, M., Marchesoni, F., Pina, D. Marín, Marion, F., Mark, Z., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markakis, C., Markosyan, A. S., Markowitz, A., Maros, E., Marquina, A., Marsat, S., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martinez, M., Martinez, V. A., Martinez, V., Martinovic, K., Martynov, D. V., Marx, E. J., Masalehdan, H., Mason, K., Massera, E., Masserot, A., Masso-Reid, M., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matas, A., Mateu-Lucena, M., Matichard, F., Matiushechkina, M., Mavalvala, N., Mccann, J. J., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D. E., Mcclincy, P. K., Mccormick, S., Mcculler, L., Mcghee, G. I., Mcguire, S. C., Mcisaac, C., Mciver, J., Mcrae, T., Mcwilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Mehmet, M., Mehta, A. K., Meijer, Q., Melatos, A., Melchor, D. A., Mendell, G., Menendez-Vazquez, A., Menoni, C. S., Mercer, R. A., Mereni, L., Merfeld, K., Merilh, E. L., Merritt, J. D., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Meyers, P. M., Meylahn, F., Mhaske, A., Miani, A., Miao, H., Michaloliakos, I., Michel, C., Michimura, Y., Middleton, H., Mihaylov, D. P., Milano, L., Miller, A. L., Miller, A., Miller, B., Millhouse, M., Mills, J. C., Milotti, E., Minenkov, Y., Mio, N., Mir, Ll. M., Miravet-Tenés, M., Mishkin, A., Mishra, C., Mishra, T., Mistry, T., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Miyo, K., Miyoki, S., Mo, Geoffrey, Modafferi, L. M., Moguel, E., Mogushi, K., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Mohite, S. R., Molina, I., Molina-Ruiz, M., Mondin, M., Montani, M., Moore, C. J., Moragues, J., Moraru, D., Morawski, F., More, A., Moreno, C., Moreno, G., Mori, Y., Morisaki, S., Morisue, N., Moriwaki, Y., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mozzon, S., Muciaccia, F., Mukherjee, Arunava, Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, Soma, Mukherjee, Subroto, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Muñiz, E. A., Murray, P. G., Musenich, R., Muusse, S., Nadji, S. L., Nagano, K., Nagar, A., Nakamura, K., Nakano, H., Nakano, M., Nakayama, Y., Napolano, V., Nardecchia, I., Narikawa, T., Narola, H., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, B., Nayak, R. K., Neil, B. F., Neilson, J., Nelson, A., Nelson, T. J. N., Nery, M., Neubauer, P., Neunzert, A., Ng, K. Y., Ng, S. W. S., Nguyen, C., Nguyen, P., Nguyen, T., Quynh, L. Nguyen, Ni, J., Ni, W. -T., Nichols, S. A., Nishimoto, T., Nishizawa, A., Nissanke, S., Nitoglia, E., Nocera, F., Norman, M., North, C., Nozaki, S., Nurbek, G., Nuttall, L. K., Obayashi, Y., Oberling, J., O’Brien, B. D., O’Dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogaki, W., Oganesyan, G., Oh, J. J., Oh, K., Oh, S. H., Ohashi, M., Ohashi, T., Ohkawa, M., Ohme, F., Ohta, H., Okada, M. A., Okutani, Y., Olivetto, C., Oohara, K., Oram, R., O’Reilly, B., Ormiston, R. G., Ormsby, N. D., O’Shaughnessy, R., O’Shea, E., Oshino, S., Ossokine, S., Osthelder, C., Otabe, S., Ottaway, D. J., Overmier, H., Pace, A. E., Pagano, G., Pagano, R., Page, M. A., Pagliaroli, G., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Pal, S., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pan, H., Pan, K. -C., Panda, P. K., Pang, P. T. H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Panther, F. H., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Paolone, A., Pappas, G., Parisi, A., Park, H., Park, J., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patel, M., Pathak, M., Patricelli, B., Patron, A. S., Paul, S., Payne, E., Pedraza, M., Pedurand, R., Pegoraro, M., Pele, A., Arellano, F. E. Peña, Penano, S., Penn, S., Perego, A., Pereira, A., Pereira, T., Perez, C. J., Périgois, C., Perkins, C. C., Perreca, A., Perriès, S., Pesios, D., Petermann, J., Petterson, D., Pfeiffer, H. P., Pham, H., Pham, K. A., Phukon, K. S., Phurailatpam, H., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piendibene, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierini, L., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Pillas, M., Pilo, F., Pinard, L., Pineda-Bosque, C., Pinto, I. M., Pinto, M., Piotrzkowski, B. J., Piotrzkowski, K., Pirello, M., Pitkin, M. D., Placidi, A., Placidi, E., Planas, M. L., Plastino, W., Pluchar, C., Poggiani, R., Polini, E., Pong, D. Y. T., Ponrathnam, S., Porter, E. K., Poulton, R., Poverman, A., Powell, J., Pracchia, M., Pradier, T., Prajapati, A. K., Prasai, K., Prasanna, R., Pratten, G., Principe, M., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Prosposito, P., Prudenzi, L., Puecher, A., Punturo, M., Puosi, F., Puppo, P., Pürrer, M., Qi, H., Quartey, N., Quetschke, V., Quinonez, P. J., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Raaijmakers, G., Radkins, H., Radulesco, N., Raffai, P., Rail, S. X., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Ramirez, K. E., Ramirez, T. D., Ramos-Buades, A., Rana, J., Rapagnani, P., Ray, A., Raymond, V., Raza, N., Razzano, M., Read, J., Rees, L. A., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reid, S. W., Reitze, D. H., Relton, P., Renzini, A., Rettegno, P., Revenu, B., Reza, A., Rezac, M., Ricci, F., Richards, D., Richardson, J. W., Richardson, L., Riemenschneider, G., Riles, K., Rinaldi, S., Rink, K., Robertson, N. A., Robie, R., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rodriguez, S., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Romanelli, M., Romano, R., Romel, C. L., Romero, A., Romero-Shaw, I. M., Romie, J. H., Ronchini, S., Rosa, L., Rose, C. A., Rosińska, D., Ross, M. P., Rowan, S., Rowlinson, S. J., Roy, S., Roy, Santosh, Roy, Soumen, Rozza, D., Ruggi, P., Ruiz-Rocha, K., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadiq, J., Saha, S., Saito, Y., Sakai, K., Sakellariadou, M., Sakon, S., Salafia, O. S., Salces-Carcoba, F., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Samajdar, A., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, J. H., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sanders, J. R., Sanuy, A., Saravanan, T. R., Sarin, N., Sassolas, B., Satari, H., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Savant, V., Sawada, T., Sawant, H. L., Sayah, S., Schaetzl, D., Scheel, M., Scheuer, J., Schiworski, M. G., Schmidt, P., Schmidt, S., Schnabel, R., Schneewind, M., Schofield, R. M. S., Schönbeck, A., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Schwartz, E., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Sekiguchi, Y., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Seo, E. G., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Setyawati, Y., Shaffer, T., Shahriar, M. S., Shaikh, M. A., Shams, B., Shao, L., Sharma, A., Sharma, P., Shawhan, P., Shcheblanov, N. S., Sheela, A., Shikano, Y., Shikauchi, M., Shimizu, H., Shimode, K., Shinkai, H., Shishido, T., Shoda, A., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Shyamsundar, S., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Silenzi, L., Singer, L. P., Singh, D., Singh, M. K., Singh, N., Singha, A., Sintes, A. M., Sipala, V., Skliris, V., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smetana, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, L., Smith, R. J. E., Soldateschi, J., Somala, S. N., Somiya, K., Song, I., Soni, K., Sordini, V., Sorrentino, F., Sorrentino, N., Soulard, R., Souradeep, T., Sowell, E., Spagnuolo, V., Spencer, A. P., Spera, M., Spinicelli, P., Srivastava, A. K., Srivastava, V., Staats, K., Stachie, C., Stachurski, F., Steer, D. A., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Stergioulas, N., Stops, D. J., Stover, M., Strain, K. A., Strang, L. C., Stratta, G., Strong, M. D., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Suchenek, M., Sudhagar, S., Sudhir, V., Sugimoto, R., Suh, H. G., Sullivan, A. G., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Sur, A., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Suzuki, Takamasa, Suzuki, Takanori, Suzuki, Toshikazu, Swinkels, B. L., Szczepańczyk, M. J., Szewczyk, P., Tacca, M., Tagoshi, H., Tait, S. C., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, R., Takano, S., Takeda, H., Takeda, M., Talbot, C. J., Talbot, C., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, Taiki, Tanaka, Takahiro, Tanasijczuk, A. J., Tanioka, S., Tanner, D. B., Tao, D., Tao, L., Tapia, R. D., Martín, E. N. Tapia San, Taranto, C., Taruya, A., Tasson, J. D., Tenorio, R., Terhune, J. E. S., Terkowski, L., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thompson, E. E., Thompson, J. E., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tiwari, Shubhanshu, Tiwari, Srishti, Tiwari, V., Toivonen, A. M., Tolley, A. E., Tomaru, T., Tomura, T., Tonelli, M., Tornasi, Z., Torres-Forné, A., Torrie, C. I., e Melo, I. Tosta, Töyrä, D., Trapananti, A., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trevor, M., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Troiano, L., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R. J., Tsai, D., Tsang, K. W., Tsang, T., Tsao, J-S., Tse, M., Tso, R., Tsuchida, S., Tsukada, L., Tsuna, D., Tsutsui, T., Turbang, K., Turconi, M., Tuyenbayev, D., Ubhi, A. S., Uchikata, N., Uchiyama, T., Udall, R. P., Ueda, A., Uehara, T., Ueno, K., Ueshima, G., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Ushiba, T., Utina, A., Vajente, G., Vajpeyi, A., Valdes, G., Valentini, M., Valsan, V., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van Dael, M., van den Brand, J. F. J., Van Den Broeck, C., Vander-Hyde, D. C., van Haevermaet, H., van Heijningen, J. V., van Putten, M. H. P. M., van Remortel, N., Vardaro, M., Vargas, A. F., Varma, V., Vasúth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venneberg, J., Venugopalan, G., Verkindt, D., Verma, P., Verma, Y., Vermeulen, S. M., Veske, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Vidyant, S., Viets, A. D., Vijaykumar, A., Villa-Ortega, V., Vinet, J. -Y., Virtuoso, A., Vitale, S., Vocca, H., von Reis, E. R. G., von Wrangel, J. S. A., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Wagner, K. J., Walet, R. C., Walker, M., Wallace, G. S., Wallace, L., Wang, J., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Ward, R. L., Warner, J., Was, M., Washimi, T., Washington, N. Y., Watchi, J., Weaver, B., Weaving, C. R., Webster, S. A., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Weller, C. M., Weller, R. A., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Weßels, P., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., White, D. D., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wilken, D., Williams, D., Williams, M. J., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wilson, D. J., Wipf, C. C., Wlodarczyk, T., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wong, D., Wong, I. C. F., Wright, M., Wu, C., Wu, D. S., Wu, H., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, L., Yamada, T., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T., Yamashita, K., Yamazaki, R., Yang, F. W., Yang, K. Z., Yang, L., Yang, Y. -C., Yang, Y., Yang, Yang, Yap, M. J., Yeeles, D. W., Yeh, S. -W., Yelikar, A. B., Ying, M., Yokoyama, J., Yokozawa, T., Yoo, J., Yoshioka, T., Yu, Hang, Yu, Haocun, Yuzurihara, H., Zadrożny, A., Zanolin, M., Zeidler, S., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zevin, M., Zhan, M., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, R., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, G., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Yue, Zhou, R., Zhou, Z., Zhu, X. J., Zhu, Z. -H., Zimmerman, A. B., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Adhikari, R. ???X., Adkins, V. ???K., Adya, V. ???B., Aguiar, O. ???D., Alfaidi, R. ???A., Altin, P. ???A., Anderson, S. ???B., Anderson, W. ???G., Andr??s-Carcasona, M., Andri??, T., Angelova, S. ???V., Antelis, J. ???M., Appavuravther, E. ???Z., Apple, S. ???K., Araya, M. ???C., Areeda, J. ???S., Ar??ne, M., Aronson, S. ???M., Arun, K. ???G., Assis de Souza Melo, S., Aston, S. ???M., Bader, M. ???K. ???M., Baer, A. ???M., Ballmer, S. ???W., Barayoga, J. ???C., Barish, B. ???C., Barton, M. ???A., Bayley, J. ???C., Becher, B. ???R., B??csy, B., Bedakihale, V. ???M., Benjamin, M. ???G., Bennett, T. ???F., Bentley, J. ???D., Berger, B. ???K., Bhandari, A. ???V., Bilenko, I. ???A., Blackburn, J. ???K., Blair, C. ???D., Blair, D. ???G., Blair, R. ???M., Bo??r, M., Bolingbroke, G. ???N., Bonavena, L. ???D., Boom, B. ???A., Brady, P. ???R., Brau, J. ???E., Briggs, J. ???H., Brooks, A. ???F., Brown, D. ???D., Bulten, H. ???J., Byer, R. ???L., Cabourn Davies, G. ???S., Calder??n Bustillo, J., Callaghan, J. ???D., Callister, T. ???A., Camp, J. ???B., Cannon, K. ???C., Carlin, J. ???B., Carney, M. ???F., Carver, T. ???L., Casanueva Diaz, J., Cavagli??, M., Cerd??-Dur??n, P., Chalathadka Subrahmanya, S., Chan, C. ???L., Chang, I. ???P., Chase, E. ???A., Chen, H. ???Y., Cheong, C. ???K., Cheung, H. ???Y., Chia, H. ???Y., Chiofalo, M. ???L., Choudhary, R. ???K., Chua, S. ???S. ???Y., Chung, K. ???W., Cie??lar, M., Ciobanu, A. ???A., Clark, J. ???A., Cohen, D. ???E., Collette, C. ???G., Compton, C. ???M., Cooper, S. ???J., Corbitt, T. ???R., Cordero-Carri??n, I., Corley, K. ???R., Cornish, N. ???J., Costa, C. ???A., Coughlin, M. ???W., Countryman, S. ???T., Coward, D. ???M., Cowart, M. ???J., Coyne, D. ???C., Creighton, J. ???D. ???E., Creighton, T. ???D., Criswell, A. ???W., Crowder, S. ???G., Cudell, J. ???R., Cullen, T. ???J., Cury??o, M., Dal Canton, T., Dall???osso, S., D??lya, G., D???angelo, B., D???antonio, S., Datrier, L. ???E. ???H., Davis, M. ???C., Daw, E. ???J., Del??glise, S., Dell???aquila, D., Demarchi, L. ???M., D???emilio, V., D??az, M. ???C., Didio, N. ???A., Divakarla, A. ???K., D???onofrio, L., Dooley, K. ???L., Driggers, J. ???C., D???urso, D., Dwyer, S. ???E., Easter, P. ???J., Edo, T. ???B., Eikenberry, S. ???S., Eisenstein, R. ???A., Essick, R. ???C., Estell??s, H., Evans, T. ???M., Ewing, B. ???E., Fan, P. ???C., Farah, A. ???M., Farr, W. ???M., Fauchon-Jones, E. ???J., Fejer, M. ???M., Ferguson, D. ???L., Ferreira, T. ???A., Fisher, R. ???P., Fong, H. ???K., Font, J. ???A., Forsyth, P. ???W. ???F., Freed, J. ???P., Frolov, V. ???V., Fronz??, G. ???G., Gabbard, H. ???A., Gadre, B. ???U., Gair, J. ???R., Gaonkar, S. ???G., Garc??a N????ez, C., Garc??a-Quir??s, C., Giaime, J. ???A., Giardina, K. ???D., Gibson, D. ???R., Gleckl, A. ???E., Gonz??lez, G., Gould, D. ???W., Green, A. ???C., Gretarsson, A. ???M., Gretarsson, E. ???M., Griffiths, W. ???L., Griggs, H. ???L., Grimm, S. ???J., Gruson, A. ???S., Guidi, G. ???M., Guimaraes, A. ???R., Guix??, G., Gulati, H. ???K., Gunny, A. ???M., Gupta, I. ???M., Gupta, S. ???K., Hadiputrawan, I. ???P. ???W., Hall, E. ???D., Hamilton, E. ???Z., Hannam, M. ???D., Hansen, T. ???J., Harry, G. ???M., Harry, I. ???W., Hathaway, J. ???S., Hayes, F. ???J., Heintze, M. ???C., Helmling-Cornell, A. ???F., Heng, I. ???S., Hennig, M. ???H., Hernandez, A. ???G., Hernandez Vivanco, F., Hewitt, A. ???L., Hines, A. ???S., Hohmann, J. ???N., Holcomb, D. ???G., Holland, N. ???A., Hollows, I. ???J., Holmes, Z. ???J., Holz, D. ???E., Howell, E. ???J., Hoy, C. ???G., H??bner, M. ???T., Huddart, A. ???D., Hui, D. ???C. ???Y., Huttner, S. ???H., Iyer, B. ???R., Jadhav, S. ???J., Jadhav, S. ???P., James, A. ???L., Jan, A. ???Z., Janthalur, N. ???N., Jenkins, A. ???C., Johns, G. ???R., Jones, A. ???W., Jones, D. ???I., Kalaghatgi, C. ???V., Kanner, J. ???B., Kapadia, S. ???J., Kapasi, D. ???P., K??f??lian, F., Key, J. ???S., Khalili, F. ???Y., Khazanov, E. ???A., Kim, J. ???C., Kim, W. ???S., Kissel, J. ???S., Knee, A. ???M., Knowles, T. ???D., Kong, A. ???K. ???H., Kozak, D. ???B., Krishnendu, N. ???V., Kr??lak, A., Lam, T. ???L., Lane, B. ???B., Lang, R. ???N., Lasky, P. ???D., Lecoeuche, Y. ???K., Lee, H. ???M., Lee, H. ???W., Legred, I. ???N., Lema??tre, A., Leviton, J. ???N., Li, A. ???K. ???Y., Li, K. ???L., Li, T. ???G. ???F., Lin, E. ???T., Lin, H. ???L., Linker, S. ???D., Linley, J. ???N., Littenberg, T. ???B., Liu, G. ???C., Lo, R. ???K. ???L., London, L. ???T., Lopez Portilla, M., Lott, T. ???P., Lough, J. ???D., Lousto, C. ???O., Lucaccioni, J. ???F., L??ck, H., Lundgren, A. ???P., Lynam, J. ???E., Ma???arif, M., Machtinger, J. ???B., Macleod, D. ???M., Macmillan, I. ???A. ???O., Maga??a Hernandez, I., Magazz??, C., Magee, R. ???M., Mansell, G. ???L., Mar??n Pina, D., M??rka, S., M??rka, Z., Markosyan, A. ???S., Martin, I. ???W., Martin, R. ???M., Martinez, V. ???A., Martynov, D. ???V., Marx, E. ???J., Mccann, J. ???J., Mcclelland, D. ???E., Mcclincy, P. ???K., Mcghee, G. ???I., Mcguire, S. ???C., Mcwilliams, S. ???T., Mehta, A. ???K., Melchor, D. ???A., Menoni, C. ???S., Mercer, R. ???A., Merilh, E. ???L., Merritt, J. ???D., Meyers, P. ???M., Mihaylov, D. ???P., Miller, A. ???L., Mills, J. ???C., Mir, Ll. ???M., Miravet-Ten??s, M., Mitrofanov, V. ???P., Modafferi, L. ???M., Mohapatra, S. ???R. ???P., Mohite, S. ???R., Moore, C. ???J., Mow-Lowry, C. ???M., Mu??iz, E. ???A., Murray, P. ???G., Nadji, S. ???L., Nayak, R. ???K., Neil, B. ???F., Nelson, T. ???J. ???N., Ng, K. ???Y., Ng, S. ???W. ???S., Nguyen Quynh, L., Nichols, S. ???A., Nuttall, L. ???K., O???brien, B. ???D., O???dell, J., Oh, J. ???J., Oh, S. ???H., Okada, M. ???A., O???reilly, B., Ormiston, R. ???G., Ormsby, N. ???D., O???shaughnessy, R., O???shea, E., Ottaway, D. ???J., Pace, A. ???E., Page, M. ???A., Pai, S. ???A., Palamos, J. ???R., Panda, P. ???K., Pang, P. ???T. ???H., Pant, B. ???C., Panther, F. ???H., Patron, A. ???S., Pe??a Arellano, F. ???E., Perez, C. ???J., P??rigois, C., Perkins, C. ???C., Perri??s, S., Pfeiffer, H. ???P., Pham, K. ???A., Phukon, K. ???S., Piccinni, O. ???J., Pinto, I., Piotrzkowski, B. ???J., Pitkin, M. ???D., Planas, M. ???L., Pong, D. ???Y. ???T., Porter, E. ???K., Prajapati, A. ???K., Prodi, G. ???A., P??rrer, M., Quinonez, P. ???J., Raab, F. ???J., Rail, S. ???X., Ramirez, K. ???E., Ramirez, T. ???D., Rees, L. ???A., Reid, S. ???W., Reitze, D. ???H., Richardson, J. ???W., Robertson, N. ???A., Rollins, J. ???G., Romel, C. ???L., Romero-Shaw, I. ???M., Romie, J. ???H., Rose, C. ???A., Rosi??ska, D., Ross, M. ???P., Rowlinson, S. ???J., Salafia, O. ???S., Sanchez, E. ???J., Sanchez, J. ???H., Sanchez, L. ???E., Sanders, J. ???R., Saravanan, T. ???R., Savage, R. ???L., Sawant, H. ???L., Schiworski, M. ???G., Schofield, R. ???M. ???S., Sch??nbeck, A., Schulte, B. ???W., Schutz, B. ???F., Scott, S. ???M., Sengupta, A. ???S., Seo, E. ???G., Shahriar, M. ???S., Shaikh, M. ???A., Shcheblanov, N. ???S., Shoemaker, D. ???H., Shoemaker, D. ???M., Singer, L. ???P., Singh, M. ???K., Sintes, A. ???M., Slagmolen, B. ???J. ???J., Slaven-Blair, T. ???J., Smith, J. ???R., Smith, R. ???J. ???E., Somala, S. ???N., Spencer, A. ???P., Srivastava, A. ???K., Steer, D. ???A., Stops, D. ???J., Strain, K. ???A., Strang, L. ???C., Strong, M. ???D., Stuver, A. ???L., Suh, H. ???G., Sullivan, A. ???G., Summerscales, T. ???Z., Sutton, P. ???J., Swinkels, B. ???L., Szczepa??czyk, M. ???J., Tait, S. ???C., Talbot, C. ???J., Tanasijczuk, A. ???J., Tanner, D. ???B., Tapia, R. ???D., Tapia San Mart??n, E. ???N., Tasson, J. ???D., Terhune, J. ???E. ???S., Thirugnanasambandam, M. ???P., Thompson, E. ???E., Thompson, J. ???E., Thondapu, S. ???R., Thorne, K. ???A., Toivonen, A. ???M., Tolley, A. ???E., Torres-Forn??, A., Torrie, C. ???I., Tosta e Melo, I., T??yr??, D., Tringali, M. ???C., Trudeau, R. ???J., Tsang, K. ???W., Ubhi, A. ???S., Udall, R. ???P., Unnikrishnan, C. ???S., Urban, A. ???L., van den Brand, J. ???F. ???J., Vander-Hyde, D. ???C., van Heijningen, J. ???V., van Putten, M. ???H. ???P. ???M., Vargas, A. ???F., Vas??th, M., Veitch, P. ???J., Vermeulen, S. ???M., Vicer??, A., Viets, A. ???D., von Reis, E. ???R. ???G., von Wrangel, J. ???S. ???A., Vyatchanin, S. ???P., Wade, L. ???E., Wagner, K. ???J., Walet, R. ???C., Wallace, G. ???S., Wang, J. ???Z., Wang, W. ???H., Ward, R. ???L., Washington, N. ???Y., Weaving, C. ???R., Webster, S. ???A., Weinstein, A. ???J., Weller, C. ???M., Weller, R. ???A., We??els, P., Whelan, J. ???T., White, D. ???D., Whiting, B. ???F., Williams, M. ???J., Williamson, A. ???R., Willis, J. ???L., Wilson, D. ???J., Wipf, C. ???C., Wofford, J. ???K., Wong, I. ???C. ???F., Wu, D. ???S., Wysocki, D. ???M., Yang, F. ???W., Yang, K. ???Z., Yap, M. ???J., Yeeles, D. ???W., Yelikar, A. ???B., Zadro??ny, A., Zhu, X. ???J., Zimmerman, A. ???B., Zucker, M. ???E., Adhikari, Rx, Adkins, Vk, Adya, Vb, Aguiar, Od, Alfaidi, Ra, Altin, Pa, Anderson, Sb, Anderson, Wg, Angelova, Sv, Antelis, Jm, Appavuravther, Ez, Apple, Sk, Araya, Mc, Aronson, Sm, Arun, Kg, Melo, Sad, Aston, Sm, Bader, Mkm, Baer, Am, Ballmer, Sw, Barayoga, Jc, Barish, Bc, Barton, Ma, Bayley, Jc, Becher, Br, Bedakihale, Vm, Benjamin, Mg, Bennett, Tf, Bentley, Jd, Berger, Bk, Bhandari, Av, Bilenko, Ia, Bizouard, Ma, Blackburn, Jk, Blair, Cd, Blair, Dg, Blair, Rm, Bolingbroke, Gn, Bonavena, Ld, Boom, Ba, Brady, Pr, Brau, Je, Briggs, Jh, Brooks, Af, Brown, Dd, Bulten, Hj, Byer, Rl, Davies, Gsc, Bustillo, Jc, Callaghan, Jd, Callister, Ta, Camp, Jb, Cannon, Kc, Carlin, Jb, Carney, Mf, Carver, Tl, Diaz, Jc, Subrahmanya, Sc, Chan, Ch, Chan, Cl, Chang, Ip, Chase, Ea, Chen, Hy, Chen, Yb, Chen, Yr, Cheong, Ck, Cheung, Hy, Chia, Hy, Chiang, Cy, Chiofalo, Ml, Choudhary, Rk, Chu, Yk, Chua, Ssy, Chung, Kw, Ciobanu, Aa, Clark, Ja, Cohadon, Pf, Cohen, De, Collette, Cg, Compton, Cm, Cooper, Sj, Corbitt, Tr, Corley, Kr, Cornish, Nj, Costa, Ca, Coughlin, Mw, Coulon, Jp, Countryman, St, Coward, Dm, Cowart, Mj, Coyne, Dc, Creighton, Jde, Creighton, Td, Criswell, Aw, Crowder, Sg, Cudell, Jr, Cullen, Tj, Dal Canton, T, Datrier, Leh, Davis, Mc, Daw, Ej, Demarchi, Lm, Diaz, Mc, Didio, Na, Divakarla, Ak, Dooley, Kl, Driggers, Jc, Ducoin, Jg, Duverne, Pa, Dwyer, Se, Easter, Pj, Edo, Tb, Eisenstein, Ra, Essick, Rc, Evans, Tm, Ewing, Be, Fan, Pc, Farah, Am, Farr, Wm, Fauchon-Jones, Ej, Fejer, Mm, Ferguson, Dl, Ferreira, Ta, Fisher, Rp, Fong, Hk, Font, Ja, Forsyth, Pwf, Freed, Jp, Frolov, Vv, Fronze, Gg, Gabbard, Ha, Gadre, Bu, Gair, Jr, Gaonkar, Sg, Nunez, Cg, Ge, Gg, Giaime, Ja, Giardina, Kd, Gibson, Dr, Gleckl, Ae, Gould, Dw, Green, Ac, Gretarsson, Am, Gretarsson, Em, Griffiths, Wl, Griggs, Hl, Grimm, Sj, Guidi, Gm, Guimaraes, Ar, Gulati, Hk, Gunny, Am, Guo, Hk, Gupta, Im, Gupta, Sk, Hadiputrawan, Ipw, Hall, Ed, Hamilton, Ez, Han, Wb, Hannam, Md, Hansen, Tj, Harry, Gm, Harry, Iw, Haster, Cj, Hayes, Fj, Heintze, Mc, Helmling-Cornell, Af, Hennig, Mh, Hernandez, Ag, Vivanco, Fh, Hewitt, Al, Ho, Tc, Hohmann, Jn, Holcomb, Dg, Holland, Na, Hollows, Ij, Holmes, Zj, Holz, De, Howell, Ej, Hoy, Cg, Hsieh, Bh, Hsieh, Hf, Huang, Hy, Huang, Yc, Huang, Yj, Huang, Yt, Huang, Yw, Hubner, Mt, Huddart, Ad, Hui, Dcy, Huttner, Sh, Iyer, Br, Jacquet, Pe, Jadhav, Sj, Jadhav, Sp, James, Al, Jan, Az, Janthalur, Nn, Jenkins, Ac, Jin, Hb, Johns, Gr, Jones, Aw, Jones, Di, Kalaghatgi, Cv, Kanner, Jb, Kapadia, Sj, Kapasi, Dp, Khalili, Fy, Khazanov, Ea, Kim, Jc, Kim, Ym, Knee, Am, Knowles, Td, Kong, Akh, Kozak, Db, Krishnendu, Nv, Lam, Tl, Lane, Bb, Lang, Rn, Lasky, Pd, Lecoeuche, Yk, Lee, Hm, Lee, Hw, Legred, In, Leviton, Jn, Li, Aky, Li, Kl, Li, Tgf, Lin, Cy, Lin, Et, Lin, Fk, Lin, Fl, Lin, Hl, Lin, Lcc, Linker, Sd, Linley, Jn, Littenberg, Tb, Liu, Gc, Lo, Rkl, London, Lt, Portilla, Ml, Lott, Tp, Lough, Jd, Lousto, Co, Lucaccioni, Jf, Lundgren, Ap, Luo, Lw, Lynam, Je, Machtinger, Jb, Macleod, Dm, Macmillan, Iao, Hernandez, Im, Magee, Rm, Mansell, Gl, Pina, Dm, Martin, Iw, Martin, Rm, Martinez, Va, Martynov, Dv, Marx, Ej, Mccann, Jj, Mcclelland, De, Mcclincy, Pk, Mcghee, Gi, Mcguire, Sc, Mcwilliams, St, Mehta, Ak, Melchor, Da, Mercer, Ra, Merilh, El, Merritt, Jd, Meyers, Pm, Mihaylov, Dp, Miller, Al, Mills, Jc, Mir, Lm, Mitrofanov, Vp, Modafferi, Lm, Mohapatra, Srp, Mohite, Sr, Moore, Cj, Mow-Lowry, Cm, Muniz, Ea, Murray, Pg, Nadji, Sl, Nayak, Rk, Neil, Bf, Nelson, Tjn, Ng, Ky, Ng, Sw, Quynh, Ln, Ni, Wt, Nichols, Sa, Nuttall, Lk, O'Brien, Bd, Oh, Jj, Oh, Sh, Okada, Ma, Ormiston, Rg, Ormsby, Nd, Ottaway, Dj, Pace, Ae, Page, Ma, Pai, Sa, Palamos, Jr, Pan, Kc, Panda, Pk, Pang, Pth, Pant, Bc, Panther, Fh, Arellano, Fep, Perez, Cj, Perkins, Cc, Pfeiffer, Hp, Pham, Ka, Piccinni, Oj, Pinto, Im, Piotrzkowski, Bj, Pitkin, Md, Planas, Ml, Pong, Dyt, Porter, Ek, Prajapati, Ak, Prodi, Ga, Quinonez, Pj, Raab, Fj, Rail, Sx, Ramirez, Ke, Ramirez, Td, Rees, La, Reid, Sw, Reitze, Dh, Richardson, Jw, Robertson, Na, Rollins, Jg, Romel, Cl, Romero-Shaw, Im, Romie, Jh, Rose, Ca, Ross, Mp, Rowlinson, Sj, Sanchez, Ej, Sanchez, Jh, Sanchez, Le, Sanders, Jr, Saravanan, Tr, Savage, Rl, Sawant, Hl, Schiworski, Mg, Schofield, Rm, Schulte, Bw, Schutz, Bf, Scott, Sm, Seo, Eg, Shaikh, Ma, Shoemaker, Dh, Shoemaker, Dm, Singer, Lp, Singh, Mk, Sintes, Am, Slagmolen, Bjj, Slaven-Blair, Tj, Smith, Jr, Smith, Rje, Somala, Sn, Spencer, Ap, Srivastava, Ak, Steer, Da, Stops, Dj, Strain, Ka, Strang, Lc, Strong, Md, Stuver, Al, Suh, Hg, Sullivan, Ag, Summerscales, Tz, Sutton, Pj, Swinkels, Bl, Tait, Sc, Talbot, Cj, Tanasijczuk, Aj, Tanner, Db, Tapia, Rd, San Martin, Ent, Tasson, Jd, Terhune, Je, Thirugnanasambandam, Mp, Thompson, Ee, Thompson, Je, Thondapu, Sr, Thorne, Ka, Toivonen, Am, Tolley, Ae, Torrie, Ci, Melo, Ite, Tringali, Mc, Trudeau, Rj, Tsang, Kw, Udall, Rp, Urban, Al, van Bakel, N, van Beuzekom, M, van Dael, M, van den Brand, Jfj, Van den Broeck, C, Vander-Hyde, Dc, van Haevermaet, H, van Heijningen, Jv, van Putten, Mhpm, van Remortel, N, Vargas, Af, Veitch, Pj, Vermeulen, Sm, Viets, Ad, Vinet, Jy, von Reis, Erg, von Wrangel, Jsa, Vyatchanin, Sp, Wade, Le, Wagner, Kj, Walet, Rc, Wang, Jz, Wang, Wh, Ward, Rl, Washington, Ny, Weaving, Cr, Webster, Sa, Weinstein, Aj, Weller, Cm, Weller, Ra, Whelan, Jt, White, Dd, Whiting, Bf, Williams, Mj, Williamson, Ar, Willis, Jl, Wilson, Dj, Wipf, Cc, Wofford, Jk, Wong, Icf, Wysocki, Dm, Yang, Fw, Yang, Kz, Yang, Yc, Yap, Mj, Yeeles, Dw, Yeh, Sw, Yelikar, Ab, Yu, Hc, Zendri, Jp, Zhu, Xj, Zhu, Zh, Zimmerman, Ab, Zucker, Me, and (Astro)-Particles Physics
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,gravitational wave emission ,scalar boson clouds ,spinning black holes ,ligo o3 data ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astronomy & Astrophysics ,Physics, Particles & Fields ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Particle dark matter ,QC ,Particle astrophysic ,QB ,astro-ph.HE ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Science & Technology ,Physics ,Classical black hole ,SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities ,black holes ,Physics and Astronomy ,gravitational waves ,[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] ,Physical Sciences ,Gravitational wave detection ,Gravitational wave source ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
This paper describes the first all-sky search for long-duration, quasi-monochromatic gravitational-wave signals emitted by ultralight scalar boson clouds around spinning black holes using data from the third observing run of Advanced LIGO. We analyze the frequency range from 20~Hz to 610~Hz, over a small frequency derivative range around zero, and use multiple frequency resolutions to be robust towards possible signal frequency wanderings. Outliers from this search are followed up using two different methods, one more suitable for nearly monochromatic signals, and the other more robust towards frequency fluctuations. We do not find any evidence for such signals and set upper limits on the signal strain amplitude, the most stringent being $\approx10^{-25}$ at around 130~Hz. We interpret these upper limits as both an "exclusion region" in the boson mass/black hole mass plane and the maximum detectable distance for a given boson mass, based on an assumption of the age of the black hole/boson cloud system., Comment: 28 pages, 16 figures
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Ethnicity and Observed Oxygen Saturations, Fraction of Inspired Oxygen, and Clinical Outcomes: A Post-Hoc Analysis of the Oxy-PICU Trial of Conservative Oxygenation.
- Author
-
Jones GAL, Wiegand M, Ray S, Gould DW, Agbeko R, Giallongo E, Charles WN, Orzol M, O'Neill L, Lampro L, Lillie J, Pappachan J, Ramnarayan P, Harrison DA, Mouncey PR, and Peters MJ
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Preschool, Male, Child, Female, Infant, United Kingdom, Adolescent, Scotland, Infant, Newborn, Oxygen blood, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data, Treatment Outcome, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric statistics & numerical data, Respiration, Artificial statistics & numerical data, Oxygen Saturation, Oxygen Inhalation Therapy methods
- Abstract
Objectives: A conservative oxygenation strategy, targeting peripheral oxygen saturations (Sp o2 ) between 88% and 92% in mechanically ventilated children in PICU, was associated with a shorter duration of organ support and greater survival compared with Sp o2 greater than 94% in our recent Oxy-PICU trial. Sp o2 monitors may overestimate arterial oxygen saturation (Sa o2 ) in patients with higher levels of skin pigmentation compared with those with less skin pigmentation. We investigated if ethnicity was associated with changes in distributions of Sp o2 and F io2 and outcome., Design: Post-hoc analysis of a pragmatic, open-label, multicenter randomized controlled trial., Setting: Fifteen PICUs across the United Kingdom and Scotland., Patients: Children aged 38 weeks corrected gestational age to 15 years accepted to a participating PICU as an unplanned admission and receiving invasive mechanical ventilation with supplemental oxygen for abnormal gas exchange., Methods: Hierarchical regression models for Sp o2 and F io2 , and ordinal models for the primary trial outcome of a composite of the duration of organ support at 30 days and death, were used to examine the effects of ethnicity, accounting for baseline Sp o2 , F io2 , and mean airway pressure and trial allocation., Measurements and Main Results: Ethnicity data were available for 1577 of 1986 eligible children, 1408 (89.3%) of which were White, Asian, or Black. Sp o2 and F io2 distributions did not vary according to Black or Asian ethnicity compared with White children. The trial primary outcome measure also did not vary significantly with ethnicity. The point estimate for the treatment effect of conservative oxygenation in Black children was 0.64 (95% CI, 0.33-1.25) compared with 0.84 (0.68-1.04) in the overall trial population., Conclusions: These data do not suggest that the association between improved outcomes and conservative oxygenation strategy in mechanically ventilated children in PICU is modified by ethnicity., Competing Interests: Drs. Jones’, Orzol’s, Lampro’s, Agbeko’s, and Harrison’s institutions received funding from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). Dr. Ray’s institution received funding from the U.K. National Institute for Health Research (U.K. NIHR), the U.K. Engineering and Physical Science Research Council and consulting fees, honoraria, and travel fees from La Roche Limited and the Malaysian Society of Intensive Care during the study period. Dr. Gould’s, Mr. Mouncey’s, and Prof. Peters’ institutions received funding from the U.K. NIHR Health Technology Assessment Program (HTA). Dr. Giallongo received support for article research from the U.K. NIHR HTA program (project number 12/75/47). Drs. Wiegand, Ray, and Peters received funding from the European Physical Sciences Research Council: UCL Collaborative Healthcare Innovation through Mathematics, Engineering and AI that is based at University College London, the hub for Mathematics in Health Care (grant number EP/T017791/1). Dr. Wiegand was also supported through funding by the NIHR Biomedical Research Center (grant number NIHR203328). Dr. Charles is funded by an NIHR Predoctoral Fellowship in Epidemiology (grant number NIHR302788). The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Impact of High-Dose Early Mobilization on Outcomes for Patients with Diabetes: A Secondary Analysis of the TEAM Trial.
- Author
-
Serpa Neto A, Bailey M, Seller D, Agli A, Bellomo R, Brickell K, Broadley T, Buhr H, Gabbe BJ, Gould DW, Harrold M, Higgins AM, Hurford S, Iwashyna TJ, Nichol AD, Presneill JJ, Schaller SJ, Sivasuthan J, Tipping CJ, Poole A, Parke R, Bradley S, Webb S, Zoungas S, Young PJ, and Hodgson CL
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Diabetes Mellitus, Treatment Outcome, Intensive Care Units statistics & numerical data, Early Ambulation methods
- Abstract
Rationale: Patients with diabetes represent almost 20% of all ICU admissions and might respond differently to high-dose early active mobilization. Objectives: To assess whether diabetes modified the relationship between the dose of early mobilization on clinical outcomes in the TEAM trial. Methods: All TEAM trial patients were included. The primary outcome was days alive and out of the hospital at Day 180. Secondary outcomes included 180-day mortality and long-term functional outcomes at Day 180. Logistic and median regression models were used to explore the effect of high-dose early mobilization on outcomes by diabetes status. Measurements and Main Results: All 741 patients from the original trial were included. Of these, 159 patients (21.4%) had diabetes. Patients with diabetes had fewer days alive and out of the hospital at Day 180 (124 [0-153] vs. 147 [82-164]; P = 0.013) and higher 180-day mortality (30% vs. 18%; P = 0.044). In patients receiving high-dose early mobilization, the number of days alive and out of the hospital at Day 180 was 73.0 (0.0-144.5) in patients with diabetes and 146.5 (95.8-163.0) in patients without diabetes ( P value for interaction = 0.108). However, in patients with diabetes, high-dose early mobilization increased the odds of mortality at 180 days (adjusted odds ratio, 3.47; 95% confidence interval, 1.67-7.61; P value for interaction = 0.001). Conclusions: In this secondary analysis of the TEAM trial, in patients with diabetes, a high-dose early mobilization strategy did not significantly decrease the number of days alive and out of the hospital at Day 180, but it increased 180-day mortality.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Oxygenation targets in critically ill children: the Oxy-PICU trial - Authors' reply.
- Author
-
Peters MJ, Gould DW, Harrison DA, and Mouncey PR
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Oxygen Inhalation Therapy methods, Oxygen, Critical Illness therapy, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Quantum Enhanced Balanced Heterodyne Readout for Differential Interferometry.
- Author
-
Gould DW, Adya VB, Chua SSY, Junker J, Wilken D, McRae TG, Slagmolen BJJ, Yap MJ, Ward RL, Heurs M, and McClelland DE
- Abstract
Conventional heterodyne readout schemes are now under reconsideration due to the realization of techniques to evade its inherent 3 dB signal-to-noise penalty. The application of high-frequency, quadrature-entangled, two-mode squeezed states can further improve the readout sensitivity of audio-band signals. In this Letter, we experimentally demonstrate quantum-enhanced heterodyne readout of two spatially distinct interferometers with direct optical signal combination, circumventing the 3 dB heterodyne signal-to-noise penalty. Applying a high-frequency, quadrature-entangled, two-mode squeezed state, we show further signal-to-noise improvement of an injected audio band signal of 3.5 dB. This technique is applicable for quantum-limited high-precision experiments, with application to searches for quantum gravity, searches for dark matter, gravitational wave detection, and wavelength-multiplexed quantum communication.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. The Oxy-PICU Conservative Versus Liberal Oxygenation Target Trial in Critically Ill Children-A Changed World or a "So What" Result?
- Author
-
Gould DW and Peters MJ
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Oxygen Inhalation Therapy methods, Oxygen blood, Oxygen administration & dosage, Critical Illness therapy, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Evaluating the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a conservative approach to oxygen therapy for invasively ventilated adults in intensive care: Protocol for the UK-ROX trial.
- Author
-
Martin DS, Shahid T, Gould DW, Richards-Belle A, Doidge JC, Camsooksai J, Charles WN, Davey M, Francis Johnson A, Garrett RM, Grocott MP, Jones J, Lampro L, Miller L, O'Driscoll BR, Rostron AJ, Sadique Z, Szakmany T, Young PJ, Rowan KM, Harrison DA, and Mouncey PR
- Abstract
Background: In the United Kingdom, around 184,000 adults are admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) each year with over 30% receiving mechanical ventilation. Oxygen is the commonest therapeutic intervention provided to these patients but it is unclear how much oxygen should be administered for the best clinical outcomes., Methods: The UK-ROX trial will evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of conservative oxygen therapy (the minimum oxygen concentration required to maintain an oxygen saturation of 90% ± 2%) versus usual oxygen therapy in critically ill adults receiving supplemental oxygen when invasively mechanically ventilated in ICUs in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The trial will recruit 16,500 patients from approximately 100 UK adult ICUs. Using a deferred consent model, enrolled participants will be randomly allocated (1:1) to conservative or usual oxygen therapy until ICU discharge or 90 days after randomisation., Objectives: The primary clinical outcome is all cause mortality at 90 days following randomisation., Discussion: The UK-ROX trial has received ethical approval from the South Central - Oxford C Research Ethics Committee (Reference: 20/SC/0423) and the Confidentiality Advisory Group (Reference: 22/CAG/0154). The trial commenced in May 2021 and, at the time of publication, 95 sites had opened to recruitment., Competing Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© The Intensive Care Society 2024.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Conservative versus liberal oxygenation targets in critically ill children (Oxy-PICU): a UK multicentre, open, parallel-group, randomised clinical trial.
- Author
-
Peters MJ, Gould DW, Ray S, Thomas K, Chang I, Orzol M, O'Neill L, Agbeko R, Au C, Draper E, Elliot-Major L, Giallongo E, Jones GAL, Lampro L, Lillie J, Pappachan J, Peters S, Ramnarayan P, Sadique Z, Rowan KM, Harrison DA, and Mouncey PR
- Subjects
- Child, Humans, Male, Female, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric, Oxygen therapeutic use, United Kingdom, Critical Illness therapy, Hospitalization
- Abstract
Background: The optimal target for systemic oxygenation in critically ill children is unknown. Liberal oxygenation is widely practiced, but has been associated with harm in paediatric patients. We aimed to evaluate whether conservative oxygenation would reduce duration of organ support or incidence of death compared to standard care., Methods: Oxy-PICU was a pragmatic, multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial in 15 UK paediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Children admitted as an emergency, who were older than 38 weeks corrected gestational age and younger than 16 years receiving invasive ventilation and supplemental oxygen were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio via a concealed, central, web-based randomisation system to conservative peripheral oxygen saturations ([SpO
2 ] 88-92%) or liberal (SpO2 >94%) targets. The primary outcome was the duration of organ support at 30 days following random allocation, a rank-based endpoint with death either on or before day 30 as the worst outcome (a score equating to 31 days of organ support), with survivors assigned a score between 1 and 30 depending on the number of calendar days of organ support received. The primary effect estimate was the probabilistic index, a value greater than 0·5 indicating more than 50% probability that conservative oxygenation is superior to liberal oxygenation for a randomly selected patient. All participants in whom consent was available were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. The completed study was registered with the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN92103439)., Findings: Between Sept 1, 2020, and May 15, 2022, 2040 children were randomly allocated to conservative or liberal oxygenation groups. Consent was available for 1872 (92%) of 2040 children. The conservative oxygenation group comprised 939 children (528 [57%] of 927 were female and 399 [43%] of 927 were male) and the liberal oxygenation group included 933 children (511 [56%] of 920 were female and 409 [45%] of 920 were male). Duration of organ support or death in the first 30 days was significantly lower in the conservative oxygenation group (probabilistic index 0·53, 95% CI 0·50-0·55; p=0·04 Wilcoxon rank-sum test, adjusted odds ratio 0·84 [95% CI 0·72-0·99]). Prespecified adverse events were reported in 24 (3%) of 939 patients in the conservative oxygenation group and 36 (4%) of 933 patients in the liberal oxygenation group., Interpretation: Among invasively ventilated children who were admitted as an emergency to a PICU receiving supplemental oxygen, a conservative oxygenation target resulted in a small, but significant, greater probability of a better outcome in terms of duration of organ support at 30 days or death when compared with a liberal oxygenation target. Widespread adoption of a conservative oxygenation saturation target (SpO2 88-92%) could help improve outcomes and reduce costs for the sickest children admitted to PICUs., Funding: UK National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Technology Assessment Programme., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests All authors report funding from the National Institute for Health and Social Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment Programme to their institutions for the work presented in the manuscript. SR reports funding to their institution from UK Engineering and Physical Science Research Council, and consulting fees, honoraria, and travel fees from Roche and the Malaysian Society of Intensive Care during the study period. KMR is Director of the NIHR Health and Social Care Delivery Research Programme. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. The effect of conservative oxygen therapy on mortality in adult critically ill patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
- Author
-
Martin DS, Mckenna HT, Rowan KM, Gould DW, Mouncey PR, Grocott MP, and Harrison DA
- Abstract
Background: Oxygen is the commonest intervention provided to critically ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Despite this, it is unclear how much oxygen should be administered to patients in order to promote the best clinical outcomes and it has been suggested that a strategy of conservative oxygen therapy (COT) may be advantageous. We therefore sought to answer the question of whether COT versus usual or liberal oxygen therapy was beneficial to adult patients receiving mechanical ventilation on an intensive care unit (ICU) by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis., Methods: Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials comparing COT to liberal or usual oxygen therapy strategies in acutely ill adults (aged ⩾18 years) admitted to an ICU, and reported an outcome of interest. Studies were excluded if they were limited to a specific single disease diagnosis. The review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022308436). Risk of bias was assessed using a modified Cochrane Risk of Bias assessment tool. Effect estimates were pooled using a random effects model with the between study variance estimated using restricted maximum likelihood and standard errors calculated using the method of Hartung-Knapp/Sidik-Jonkman. Between study heterogeneity was quantified using the I
2 statistic. The certainty in the body of evidence was assessed using GRADE criteria., Results: Nine eligible studies with 5727 participants fulfilled all eligibility criteria. Trials varied in their definitions of COT and liberal or usual oxygen therapy. The pooled estimate of risk ratio for 90 day mortality for COT versus comparator was 0.99 (95% confidence interval 0.88-1.12, 95% prediction interval 0.82-1.21). There was low heterogeneity among studies ( I2 = 22.4%). The finding that mortality was similar for patients managed with COT or usual/liberal oxygen therapy was graded as moderate certainty., Conclusions: In critically ill adults admitted to an ICU, COT is neither beneficial nor harmful when compared to usual or liberal oxygen therapy. Trials to date have been inconsistent in defining both COT and liberal or usual oxygen therapy, which may have had an impact on the results of this meta-analysis. Future research should focus on unifying definitions and outcome measures., Competing Interests: The author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: DM is the Editor in Chief of the Journal of the Intensive Care Society. DM and MG were investigators for one of the trials in the review. DM, KR DG, PM, MG and DH are all members of the investigator team for the UK-ROX trial (NIHR130508), which is currently recruiting patients: https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN13384956., (© The Intensive Care Society 2023.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Protocol and statistical analysis plan for the phase 3 randomised controlled Treatment of Invasively Ventilated Adults with Early Activity and Mobilisation (TEAM III) trial.
- Author
-
Presneill JJ, Bellomo R, Brickell K, Buhr H, Gabbe BJ, Gould DW, Harrold M, Higgins AM, Hurford S, Iwashyna T, Neto AS, Nichol A, Schaller SJ, Sivasuthan J, Tipping C, Webb S, Young P, and Hodgson CL
- Abstract
Objective: To describe the protocol and statistical analysis plan for the Treatment of Invasively Ventilated Adults with Early Activity and Mobilisation (TEAM III) trial. Design: An international, multicentre, parallel-group, randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Setting: Intensive care units (ICUs) in Australia, New Zealand, Germany, Ireland, the United Kingdom and Brazil. Patients: 750 adult patients expected to receive mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours. Interventions: Early activity and mobilisation delivered to critically ill patients in an ICU for up to 28 days compared with standard care. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome is the number of days alive and out of hospital at 180 days after randomisation. Secondary outcomes include ICU-free days, ventilator-free days, delirium-free days, all-cause mortality at 28 and 180 days after randomisation, and functional outcome at 180 days after randomisation. Results: Recruitment at 46 research sites passed 576 patients in March 2021. Final collection of all 180-day outcome data for the target of 750 patients is anticipated by May 2022. Conclusions: Consistent with international guidelines, a detailed protocol and prospective analysis plan has been developed for the TEAM III trial. This plan specifies the statistical models for evaluating primary and secondary outcomes, defines covariates for adjusted analyses, and defines methods for exploratory analyses. Application of this protocol and statistical analysis plan to the forthcoming TEAM III trial will facilitate unbiased analyses of the clinical data collected. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03133377., Competing Interests: No relevant disclosures., (© 2021 College of Intensive Care Medicine of Australia and New Zealand.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Randomised trial of the clinical and cost effectiveness of a supraglottic airway device compared with tracheal intubation for in-hospital cardiac arrest (AIRWAYS-3): Protocol, design and implementation.
- Author
-
Watkins S, Chowdhury FJ, Norman C, Brett SJ, Couper K, Goodwin L, Gould DW, Ae Harrison D, Hossain A, Lall R, Mason J, Nolan JP, Nwankwo H, Perkins GD, Samuel K, Schofield B, Soar J, Starr K, Thomas M, Voss S, and Benger JR
- Abstract
Survival from in-hospital cardiac arrest is approximately 18%, but for patients who require advanced airway management survival is lower. Those who do survive are often left with significant disability. Traditionally, resuscitation of cardiac arrest patients has included tracheal intubation, however insertion of a supraglottic airway has gained popularity as an alternative approach to advanced airway management. Evidence from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest suggests no significant differences in mortality or morbidity between these two approaches, but there is no randomised evidence for airway management during in-hospital cardiac arrest. The aim of the AIRWAYS-3 randomised trial, described in this protocol paper, is to determine the clinical and cost effectiveness of a supraglottic airway versus tracheal intubation during in-hospital cardiac arrest. Patients will be allocated randomly to receive either a supraglottic airway or tracheal intubation as the initial advanced airway management. We will also estimate the relative cost-effectiveness of these two approaches. The primary outcome is functional status, measured using the modified Rankin Scale at hospital discharge or 30 days post-randomisation, whichever occurs first. AIRWAYS-3 presents ethical challenges regarding patient consent and data collection. These include the enrolment of unconscious patients without prior consent in a way that avoids methodological bias. Other complexities include the requirement to randomise patients efficiently during a time-critical cardiac arrest. Many of these challenges are encountered in other emergency care research; we discuss our approaches to addressing them. Trial registration: ISRCTN 17720457. Prospectively registered on 29/07/2022., Competing Interests: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: GDP is Editor-in-Chief, and JPN, KC and JS are Editors of the journal Resuscitation Plus., (© 2023 The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Regional citrate anticoagulation versus systemic heparin anticoagulation for continuous kidney replacement therapy in intensive care.
- Author
-
Doidge JC, Gould DW, Sadique Z, Borthwick M, Hatch RA, Caskey FJ, Forni L, Lawrence RF, MacEwan C, Ostermann M, Mouncey PR, Harrison DA, Rowan KM, Young JD, and Watkinson PJ
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Citric Acid therapeutic use, Anticoagulants therapeutic use, Citrates, Renal Replacement Therapy, Critical Care, Heparin therapeutic use, Acute Kidney Injury therapy
- Abstract
Purpose: Many intensive care units (ICUs) have transitioned from systemic heparin anticoagulation (SHA) to regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) for continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT). We evaluated the clinical and health economic impacts of ICU transition to RCA., Materials and Methods: We surveyed all adult general ICUs in England and Wales to identify transition dates and conducted a micro-costing study in eight ICUs. We then conducted an interrupted time-series analysis of linked, routinely collected health records., Results: In 69,001 patients who received CKRT (8585 RCA, 60,416 SHA) in 181 ICUs between 2009 and 2017, transition to RCA was not associated with a change in 90-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio 0.98, 95% CI 0.89-1.08) but was associated with step-increases in duration of kidney support (0.53 days, 95% CI 0.28-0.79), advanced cardiovascular support (0.23 days, 95% CI 0.09-0.38) and ICU length of stay (0.86 days, 95% CI 0.24-1.49). The estimated one-year incremental net monetary benefit per patient was £ - 2376 (95% CI £ - 3841-£ - 911), with an estimated likelihood of cost-effectiveness of <0.1%., Conclusions: Transition to RCA was associated with significant increases in healthcare resource use, without corresponding clinical benefit, and is highly unlikely to be cost-effective over a one-year time horizon., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest MO has received speaker honoraria and research funding from Fresenius Medical, speaker honoraria and research funding from Baxter, and is a member of an advisory board of Fresenius – NxStage. LF has received research funding from Baxter and lecture fees from Baxter and Fresenius. PW was Chief Medical Officer for Sensyne health and holds shares in the company. He declares grants from Wellcome, the National Institute for Health and Care Research, and Sensyne Health during the study period., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Early Active Mobilization during Mechanical Ventilation in the ICU.
- Author
-
Hodgson CL, Bailey M, Bellomo R, Brickell K, Broadley T, Buhr H, Gabbe BJ, Gould DW, Harrold M, Higgins AM, Hurford S, Iwashyna TJ, Serpa Neto A, Nichol AD, Presneill JJ, Schaller SJ, Sivasuthan J, Tipping CJ, Webb S, and Young PJ
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Activities of Daily Living, Intensive Care Units, Quality of Life, Physical Therapy Modalities adverse effects, Early Ambulation adverse effects, Early Ambulation methods, Respiration, Artificial, Critical Care methods
- Abstract
Background: Intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired weakness often develops in patients who are undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation. Early active mobilization may mitigate ICU-acquired weakness, increase survival, and reduce disability., Methods: We randomly assigned 750 adult patients in the ICU who were undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation to receive increased early mobilization (sedation minimization and daily physiotherapy) or usual care (the level of mobilization that was normally provided in each ICU). The primary outcome was the number of days that the patients were alive and out of the hospital at 180 days after randomization., Results: The median number of days that patients were alive and out of the hospital was 143 (interquartile range, 21 to 161) in the early-mobilization group and 145 days (interquartile range, 51 to 164) in the usual-care group (absolute difference, -2.0 days; 95% confidence interval [CI], -10 to 6; P = 0.62). The mean (±SD) daily duration of active mobilization was 20.8±14.6 minutes and 8.8±9.0 minutes in the two groups, respectively (difference, 12.0 minutes per day; 95% CI, 10.4 to 13.6). A total of 77% of the patients in both groups were able to stand by a median interval of 3 days and 5 days, respectively (difference, -2 days; 95% CI, -3.4 to -0.6). By day 180, death had occurred in 22.5% of the patients in the early-mobilization group and in 19.5% of those in the usual-care group (odds ratio, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.65). Among survivors, quality of life, activities of daily living, disability, cognitive function, and psychological function were similar in the two groups. Serious adverse events were reported in 7 patients in the early-mobilization group and in 1 patient in the usual-care group. Adverse events that were potentially due to mobilization (arrhythmias, altered blood pressure, and desaturation) were reported in 34 of 371 patients (9.2%) in the early-mobilization group and in 15 of 370 patients (4.1%) in the usual-care group (P = 0.005)., Conclusions: Among adults undergoing mechanical ventilation in the ICU, an increase in early active mobilization did not result in a significantly greater number of days that patients were alive and out of the hospital than did the usual level of mobilization in the ICU. The intervention was associated with increased adverse events. (Funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia and the Health Research Council of New Zealand; TEAM ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03133377.)., (Copyright © 2022 Massachusetts Medical Society.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Protocol for a Randomized Multiple Center Trial of Conservative Versus Liberal Oxygenation Targets in Critically Ill Children (Oxy-PICU): Oxygen in Pediatric Intensive Care.
- Author
-
Chang I, Thomas K, O'Neill Gutierrez L, Peters S, Agbeko R, Au C, Draper E, Jones GAL, Major LE, Orzol M, Pappachan J, Ramnarayan P, Ray S, Sadique Z, Gould DW, Harrison DA, Rowan KM, Mouncey PR, and Peters MJ
- Subjects
- Child, Critical Care, Humans, Infant, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Respiration, Artificial, Treatment Outcome, Critical Illness therapy, Oxygen
- Abstract
Objectives: Oxygen administration is a fundamental part of pediatric critical care, with supplemental oxygen offered to nearly every acutely unwell child. However, optimal targets for systemic oxygenation are unknown. Oxy-PICU aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a conservative peripheral oxygen saturation (Sp o2 ) target of 88-92% compared with a liberal target of more than 94%., Design: Pragmatic, open, multiple-center, parallel group randomized control trial with integrated economic evaluation., Setting: Fifteen PICUs across England, Wales, and Scotland., Patients: Infants and children age more than 38 week-corrected gestational age to 16 years who are accepted to a participating PICU as an unplanned admission and receiving invasive mechanical ventilation with supplemental oxygen for abnormal gas exchange., Intervention: Adjustment of ventilation and inspired oxygen settings to achieve an Sp o2 target of 88-92% during invasive mechanical ventilation., Measurements and Main Results: Randomization is 1:1 to a liberal Sp o2 target of more than 94% or a conservative Sp o2 target of 88-92% (inclusive), using minimization with a random component. Minimization will be performed on: age, site, primary reason for admission, and severity of abnormality of gas exchange. Due to the emergency nature of the treatment, approaching patients for written informed consent will be deferred to after randomization. The primary clinical outcome is a composite of death and days of organ support at 30 days. Baseline demographics and clinical status will be recorded as well as daily measures of oxygenation and organ support, and discharge outcomes. This trial received Health Research Authority approval on December 23, 2019 (reference: 272768), including a favorable ethical opinion from the East of England-Cambridge South Research Ethics Committee (reference number: 19/EE/0362). Trial findings will be disseminated in national and international conferences and peer-reviewed journals., Competing Interests: Dr. Rowan is the Director of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health and Social Care Delivery Research Programme. Dr. Agbeko received funding from the National Health Service and the British Medical Journal Group. Ray received funding from Roche. Dr. Rowan disclosed that Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre seconds her to the NIHR as Programme Director for the Health & Social Care Delivery Research Programme. The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Search for Subsolar-Mass Binaries in the First Half of Advanced LIGO's and Advanced Virgo's Third Observing Run.
- Author
-
Abbott R, Abbott TD, Acernese F, Ackley K, Adams C, Adhikari N, Adhikari RX, Adya VB, Affeldt C, Agarwal D, Agathos M, Agatsuma K, Aggarwal N, Aguiar OD, Aiello L, Ain A, Ajith P, Albanesi S, Allocca A, Altin PA, Amato A, Anand C, Anand S, Ananyeva A, Anderson SB, Anderson WG, Andrade T, Andres N, Andrić T, Angelova SV, Ansoldi S, Antelis JM, Antier S, Appert S, Arai K, Araya MC, Areeda JS, Arène M, Arnaud N, Aronson SM, Arun KG, Asali Y, Ashton G, Assiduo M, Aston SM, Astone P, Aubin F, Austin C, Babak S, Badaracco F, Bader MKM, Badger C, Bae S, Baer AM, Bagnasco S, Bai Y, Baird J, Ball M, Ballardin G, Ballmer SW, Balsamo A, Baltus G, Banagiri S, Bankar D, Barayoga JC, Barbieri C, Barish BC, Barker D, Barneo P, Barone F, Barr B, Barsotti L, Barsuglia M, Barta D, Bartlett J, Barton MA, Bartos I, Bassiri R, Basti A, Bawaj M, Bayley JC, Baylor AC, Bazzan M, Bécsy B, Bedakihale VM, Bejger M, Belahcene I, Benedetto V, Beniwal D, Bennett TF, Bentley JD, BenYaala M, Bergamin F, Berger BK, Bernuzzi S, Berry CPL, Bersanetti D, Bertolini A, Betzwieser J, Beveridge D, Bhandare R, Bhardwaj U, Bhattacharjee D, Bhaumik S, Bilenko IA, Billingsley G, Bini S, Birney R, Birnholtz O, Biscans S, Bischi M, Biscoveanu S, Bisht A, Biswas B, Bitossi M, Bizouard MA, Blackburn JK, Blair CD, Blair DG, Blair RM, Bobba F, Bode N, Boer M, Bogaert G, Boldrini M, Bonavena LD, Bondu F, Bonilla E, Bonnand R, Booker P, Boom BA, Bork R, Boschi V, Bose N, Bose S, Bossilkov V, Boudart V, Bouffanais Y, Bozzi A, Bradaschia C, Brady PR, Bramley A, Branch A, Branchesi M, Brau JE, Breschi M, Briant T, Briggs JH, Brillet A, Brinkmann M, Brockill P, Brooks AF, Brooks J, Brown DD, Brunett S, Bruno G, Bruntz R, Bryant J, Bulik T, Bulten HJ, Buonanno A, Buscicchio R, Buskulic D, Buy C, Byer RL, Cadonati L, Cagnoli G, Cahillane C, Bustillo JC, Callaghan JD, Callister TA, Calloni E, Cameron J, Camp JB, Canepa M, Canevarolo S, Cannavacciuolo M, Cannon KC, Cao H, Capote E, Carapella G, Carbognani F, Carlin JB, Carney MF, Carpinelli M, Carrillo G, Carullo G, Carver TL, Diaz JC, Casentini C, Castaldi G, Caudill S, Cavaglià M, Cavalier F, Cavalieri R, Ceasar M, Cella G, Cerdá-Durán P, Cesarini E, Chaibi W, Chakravarti K, Subrahmanya SC, Champion E, Chan CH, Chan C, Chan CL, Chan K, Chandra K, Chanial P, Chao S, Charlton P, Chase EA, Chassande-Mottin E, Chatterjee C, Chatterjee D, Chatterjee D, Chaturvedi M, Chaty S, Chatziioannou K, Chen HY, Chen J, Chen X, Chen Y, Chen Z, Cheng H, Cheong CK, Cheung HY, Chia HY, Chiadini F, Chiarini G, Chierici R, Chincarini A, Chiofalo ML, Chiummo A, Cho G, Cho HS, Choudhary RK, Choudhary S, Christensen N, Chu Q, Chua S, Chung KW, Ciani G, Ciecielag P, Cieślar M, Cifaldi M, Ciobanu AA, Ciolfi R, Cipriano F, Cirone A, Clara F, Clark EN, Clark JA, Clarke L, Clearwater P, Clesse S, Cleva F, Coccia E, Codazzo E, Cohadon PF, Cohen DE, Cohen L, Colleoni M, Collette CG, Colombo A, Colpi M, Compton CM, Constancio M, Conti L, Cooper SJ, Corban P, Corbitt TR, Cordero-Carrión I, Corezzi S, Corley KR, Cornish N, Corre D, Corsi A, Cortese S, Costa CA, Cotesta R, Coughlin MW, Coulon JP, Countryman ST, Cousins B, Couvares P, Coward DM, Cowart MJ, Coyne DC, Coyne R, Creighton JDE, Creighton TD, Criswell AW, Croquette M, Crowder SG, Cudell JR, Cullen TJ, Cumming A, Cummings R, Cunningham L, Cuoco E, Curyło M, Dabadie P, Canton TD, Dall'Osso S, Dálya G, Dana A, DaneshgaranBajastani LM, D'Angelo B, Danilishin S, D'Antonio S, Danzmann K, Darsow-Fromm C, Dasgupta A, Datrier LEH, Datta S, Dattilo V, Dave I, Davier M, Davies GS, Davis D, Davis MC, Daw EJ, Dean R, DeBra D, Deenadayalan M, Degallaix J, De Laurentis M, Deléglise S, Del Favero V, De Lillo F, De Lillo N, Del Pozzo W, DeMarchi LM, De Matteis F, D'Emilio V, Demos N, Dent T, Depasse A, De Pietri R, De Rosa R, De Rossi C, DeSalvo R, De Simone R, Dhurandhar S, Díaz MC, Diaz-Ortiz M, Didio NA, Dietrich T, Di Fiore L, Di Fronzo C, Di Giorgio C, Di Giovanni F, Di Giovanni M, Di Girolamo T, Di Lieto A, Ding B, Di Pace S, Di Palma I, Di Renzo F, Divakarla AK, Dmitriev A, Doctor Z, D'Onofrio L, Donovan F, Dooley KL, Doravari S, Dorrington I, Drago M, Driggers JC, Drori Y, Ducoin JG, Dupej P, Durante O, D'Urso D, Duverne PA, Dwyer SE, Eassa C, Easter PJ, Ebersold M, Eckhardt T, Eddolls G, Edelman B, Edo TB, Edy O, Effler A, Eichholz J, Eikenberry SS, Eisenmann M, Eisenstein RA, Ejlli A, Engelby E, Errico L, Essick RC, Estellés H, Estevez D, Etienne Z, Etzel T, Evans M, Evans TM, Ewing BE, Fafone V, Fair H, Fairhurst S, Farah AM, Farinon S, Farr B, Farr WM, Farrow NW, Fauchon-Jones EJ, Favaro G, Favata M, Fays M, Fazio M, Feicht J, Fejer MM, Fekecs B, Fenyvesi E, Ferguson DL, Fernandez-Galiana A, Ferrante I, Ferreira TA, Fidecaro F, Figura P, Fiori I, Fishbach M, Fisher RP, Fittipaldi R, Fiumara V, Flaminio R, Floden E, Fong H, Font JA, Fornal B, Forsyth PWF, Franke A, Frasca S, Frasconi F, Frederick C, Freed JP, Frei Z, Freise A, Frey R, Fritschel P, Frolov VV, Fronzé GG, Fulda P, Fyffe M, Gabbard HA, Gadre BU, Gair JR, Gais J, Galaudage S, Gamba R, Ganapathy D, Ganguly A, Gaonkar SG, Garaventa B, García-Núñez C, García-Quirós C, Garufi F, Gateley B, Gaudio S, Gayathri V, Gemme G, Gennai A, George J, Gerberding O, Gergely L, Gewecke P, Ghonge S, Ghosh A, Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Ghosh S, Giacomazzo B, Giacoppo L, Giaime JA, Giardina KD, Gibson DR, Gier C, Giesler M, Giri P, Gissi F, Glanzer J, Gleckl AE, Godwin P, Goetz E, Goetz R, Gohlke N, Goncharov B, González G, Gopakumar A, Gosselin M, Gouaty R, Gould DW, Grace B, Grado A, Granata M, Granata V, Grant A, Gras S, Grassia P, Gray C, Gray R, Greco G, Green AC, Green R, Gretarsson AM, Gretarsson EM, Griffith D, Griffiths W, Griggs HL, Grignani G, Grimaldi A, Grimm SJ, Grote H, Grunewald S, Gruning P, Guerra D, Guidi GM, Guimaraes AR, Guixé G, Gulati HK, Guo HK, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta A, Gupta P, Gustafson EK, Gustafson R, Guzman F, Haegel L, Halim O, Hall ED, Hamilton EZ, Hammond G, Haney M, Hanks J, Hanna C, Hannam MD, Hannuksela O, Hansen H, Hansen TJ, Hanson J, Harder T, Hardwick T, Haris K, Harms J, Harry GM, Harry IW, Hartwig D, Haskell B, Hasskew RK, Haster CJ, Haughian K, Hayes FJ, Healy J, Heidmann A, Heidt A, Heintze MC, Heinze J, Heinzel J, Heitmann H, Hellman F, Hello P, Helmling-Cornell AF, Hemming G, Hendry M, Heng IS, Hennes E, Hennig J, Hennig MH, Hernandez AG, Vivanco FH, Heurs M, Hild S, Hill P, Hines AS, Hochheim S, Hofman D, Hohmann JN, Holcomb DG, Holland NA, Hollows IJ, Holmes ZJ, Holt K, Holz DE, Hopkins P, Hough J, Hourihane S, Howell EJ, Hoy CG, Hoyland D, Hreibi A, Hsu Y, Huang Y, Hübner MT, Huddart AD, Hughey B, Hui V, Husa S, Huttner SH, Huxford R, Huynh-Dinh T, Idzkowski B, Iess A, Ingram C, Isi M, Isleif K, Iyer BR, JaberianHamedan V, Jacqmin T, Jadhav SJ, Jadhav SP, James AL, Jan AZ, Jani K, Janquart J, Janssens K, Janthalur NN, Jaranowski P, Jariwala D, Jaume R, Jenkins AC, Jenner K, Jeunon M, Jia W, Johns GR, Jones AW, Jones DI, Jones JD, Jones P, Jones R, Jonker RJG, Ju L, Junker J, Juste V, Kalaghatgi CV, Kalogera V, Kamai B, Kandhasamy S, Kang G, Kanner JB, Kao Y, Kapadia SJ, Kapasi DP, Karat S, Karathanasis C, Karki S, Kashyap R, Kasprzack M, Kastaun W, Katsanevas S, Katsavounidis E, Katzman W, Kaur T, Kawabe K, Kéfélian F, Keitel D, Key JS, Khadka S, Khalili FY, Khan S, Khazanov EA, Khetan N, Khursheed M, Kijbunchoo N, Kim C, Kim JC, Kim K, Kim WS, Kim YM, Kimball C, Kinley-Hanlon M, Kirchhoff R, Kissel JS, Kleybolte L, Klimenko S, Knee AM, Knowles TD, Knyazev E, Koch P, Koekoek G, Koley S, Kolitsidou P, Kolstein M, Komori K, Kondrashov V, Kontos A, Koper N, Korobko M, Kovalam M, Kozak DB, Kringel V, Krishnendu NV, Królak A, Kuehn G, Kuei F, Kuijer P, Kumar A, Kumar P, Kumar R, Kumar R, Kuns K, Kuwahara S, Lagabbe P, Laghi D, Lalande E, Lam TL, Lamberts A, Landry M, Lane BB, Lang RN, Lange J, Lantz B, La Rosa I, Lartaux-Vollard A, Lasky PD, Laxen M, Lazzarini A, Lazzaro C, Leaci P, Leavey S, Lecoeuche YK, Lee HM, Lee HW, Lee J, Lee K, Lehmann J, Lemaître A, Leroy N, Letendre N, Levesque C, Levin Y, Leviton JN, Leyde K, Li AKY, Li B, Li J, Li TGF, Li X, Linde F, Linker SD, Linley JN, Littenberg TB, Liu J, Liu K, Liu X, Llamas F, Llorens-Monteagudo M, Lo RKL, Lockwood A, London LT, Longo A, Lopez D, Portilla ML, Lorenzini M, Loriette V, Lormand M, Losurdo G, Lott TP, Lough JD, Lousto CO, Lovelace G, Lucaccioni JF, Lück H, Lumaca D, Lundgren AP, Lynam JE, Macas R, MacInnis M, Macleod DM, MacMillan IAO, Macquet A, Hernandez IM, Magazzù C, Magee RM, Maggiore R, Magnozzi M, Mahesh S, Majorana E, Makarem C, Maksimovic I, Maliakal S, Malik A, Man N, Mandic V, Mangano V, Mango JL, Mansell GL, Manske M, Mantovani M, Mapelli M, Marchesoni F, Marion F, Mark Z, Márka S, Márka Z, Markakis C, Markosyan AS, Markowitz A, Maros E, Marquina A, Marsat S, Martelli F, Martin IW, Martin RM, Martinez M, Martinez VA, Martinez V, Martinovic K, Martynov DV, Marx EJ, Masalehdan H, Mason K, Massera E, Masserot A, Massinger TJ, Masso-Reid M, Mastrogiovanni S, Matas A, Mateu-Lucena M, Matichard F, Matiushechkina M, Mavalvala N, McCann JJ, McCarthy R, McClelland DE, McClincy PK, McCormick S, McCuller L, McGhee GI, McGuire SC, McIsaac C, McIver J, McRae T, McWilliams ST, Meacher D, Mehmet M, Mehta AK, Meijer Q, Melatos A, Melchor DA, Mendell G, Menendez-Vazquez A, Menoni CS, Mercer RA, Mereni L, Merfeld K, Merilh EL, Merritt JD, Merzougui M, Meshkov S, Messenger C, Messick C, Meyers PM, Meylahn F, Mhaske A, Miani A, Miao H, Michaloliakos I, Michel C, Middleton H, Milano L, Miller A, Miller AL, Miller B, Millhouse M, Mills JC, Milotti E, Minazzoli O, Minenkov Y, Mir LM, Miravet-Tenés M, Mishra C, Mishra T, Mistry T, Mitra S, Mitrofanov VP, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Mo G, Moguel E, Mogushi K, Mohapatra SRP, Mohite SR, Molina I, Molina-Ruiz M, Mondin M, Montani M, Moore CJ, Moraru D, Morawski F, More A, Moreno C, Moreno G, Morisaki S, Mours B, Mow-Lowry CM, Mozzon S, Muciaccia F, Mukherjee A, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Mukherjee S, Mukherjee S, Mukund N, Mullavey A, Munch J, Muñiz EA, Murray PG, Musenich R, Muusse S, Nadji SL, Nagar A, Napolano V, Nardecchia I, Naticchioni L, Nayak B, Nayak RK, Neil BF, Neilson J, Nelemans G, Nelson TJN, Nery M, Neubauer P, Neunzert A, Ng KY, Ng SWS, Nguyen C, Nguyen P, Nguyen T, Nichols SA, Nissanke S, Nitoglia E, Nocera F, Norman M, North C, Nuttall LK, Oberling J, O'Brien BD, O'Dell J, Oelker E, Oganesyan G, Oh JJ, Oh SH, Ohme F, Ohta H, Okada MA, Olivetto C, Oram R, O'Reilly B, Ormiston RG, Ormsby ND, Ortega LF, O'Shaughnessy R, O'Shea E, Ossokine S, Osthelder C, Ottaway DJ, Overmier H, Pace AE, Pagano G, Page MA, Pagliaroli G, Pai A, Pai SA, Palamos JR, Palashov O, Palomba C, Pan H, Panda PK, Pang PTH, Pankow C, Pannarale F, Pant BC, Panther FH, Paoletti F, Paoli A, Paolone A, Park H, Parker W, Pascucci D, Pasqualetti A, Passaquieti R, Passuello D, Patel M, Pathak M, Patricelli B, Patron AS, Paul S, Payne E, Pedraza M, Pegoraro M, Pele A, Penn S, Perego A, Pereira A, Pereira T, Perez CJ, Périgois C, Perkins CC, Perreca A, Perriès S, Petermann J, Petterson D, Pfeiffer HP, Pham KA, Phukon KS, Piccinni OJ, Pichot M, Piendibene M, Piergiovanni F, Pierini L, Pierro V, Pillant G, Pillas M, Pilo F, Pinard L, Pinto IM, Pinto M, Piotrzkowski K, Pirello M, Pitkin MD, Placidi E, Planas L, Plastino W, Pluchar C, Poggiani R, Polini E, Pong DYT, Ponrathnam S, Popolizio P, Porter EK, Poulton R, Powell J, Pracchia M, Pradier T, Prajapati AK, Prasai K, Prasanna R, Pratten G, Principe M, Prodi GA, Prokhorov L, Prosposito P, Prudenzi L, Puecher A, Punturo M, Puosi F, Puppo P, Pürrer M, Qi H, Quetschke V, Quitzow-James R, Raab FJ, Raaijmakers G, Radkins H, Radulesco N, Raffai P, Rail SX, Raja S, Rajan C, Ramirez KE, Ramirez TD, Ramos-Buades A, Rana J, Rapagnani P, Rapol UD, Ray A, Raymond V, Raza N, Razzano M, Read J, Rees LA, Regimbau T, Rei L, Reid S, Reid SW, Reitze DH, Relton P, Renzini A, Rettegno P, Rezac M, Ricci F, Richards D, Richardson JW, Richardson L, Riemenschneider G, Riles K, Rinaldi S, Rink K, Rizzo M, Robertson NA, Robie R, Robinet F, Rocchi A, Rodriguez S, Rolland L, Rollins JG, Romanelli M, Romano R, Romel CL, Romero-Rodríguez A, Romero-Shaw IM, Romie JH, Ronchini S, Rosa L, Rose CA, Rosińska D, Ross MP, Rowan S, Rowlinson SJ, Roy S, Roy S, Roy S, Rozza D, Ruggi P, Ryan K, Sachdev S, Sadecki T, Sadiq J, Sakellariadou M, Salafia OS, Salconi L, Saleem M, Salemi F, Samajdar A, Sanchez EJ, Sanchez JH, Sanchez LE, Sanchis-Gual N, Sanders JR, Sanuy A, Saravanan TR, Sarin N, Sassolas B, Satari H, Sathyaprakash BS, Sauter O, Savage RL, Sawant D, Sawant HL, Sayah S, Schaetzl D, Scheel M, Scheuer J, Schiworski M, Schmidt P, Schmidt S, Schnabel R, Schneewind M, Schofield RMS, Schönbeck A, Schulte BW, Schutz BF, Schwartz E, Scott J, Scott SM, Seglar-Arroyo M, Sellers D, Sengupta AS, Sentenac D, Seo EG, Sequino V, Sergeev A, Setyawati Y, Shaffer T, Shahriar MS, Shams B, Sharma A, Sharma P, Shawhan P, Shcheblanov NS, Shikauchi M, Shoemaker DH, Shoemaker DM, ShyamSundar S, Sieniawska M, Sigg D, Singer LP, Singh D, Singh N, Singha A, Sintes AM, Sipala V, Skliris V, Slagmolen BJJ, Slaven-Blair TJ, Smetana J, Smith JR, Smith RJE, Soldateschi J, Somala SN, Son EJ, Soni K, Soni S, Sordini V, Sorrentino F, Sorrentino N, Soulard R, Souradeep T, Sowell E, Spagnuolo V, Spencer AP, Spera M, Srinivasan R, Srivastava AK, Srivastava V, Staats K, Stachie C, Steer DA, Steinlechner J, Steinlechner S, Stevenson S, Stops DJ, Stover M, Strain KA, Strang LC, Stratta G, Strunk A, Sturani R, Stuver AL, Sudhagar S, Sudhir V, Suh HG, Summerscales TZ, Sun H, Sun L, Sunil S, Sur A, Suresh J, Sutton PJ, Swinkels BL, Szczepańczyk MJ, Szewczyk P, Tacca M, Tait SC, Talbot CJ, Talbot C, Tanasijczuk AJ, Tanner DB, Tao D, Tao L, Martín ENTS, Taranto C, Tasson JD, Tenorio R, Terhune JE, Terkowski L, Thirugnanasambandam MP, Thomas M, Thomas P, Thompson JE, Thondapu SR, Thorne KA, Thrane E, Tiwari S, Tiwari S, Tiwari V, Toivonen AM, Toland K, Tolley AE, Tonelli M, Torres-Forné A, Torrie CI, E Melo IT, Töyrä D, Trapananti A, Travasso F, Traylor G, Trevor M, Tringali MC, Tripathee A, Troiano L, Trovato A, Trozzo L, Trudeau RJ, Tsai DS, Tsai D, Tsang KW, Tse M, Tso R, Tsukada L, Tsuna D, Tsutsui T, Turbang K, Turconi M, Ubhi AS, Udall RP, Ueno K, Unnikrishnan CS, Urban AL, Utina A, Vahlbruch H, Vajente G, Vajpeyi A, Valdes G, Valentini M, Valsan V, van Bakel N, van Beuzekom M, van den Brand JFJ, Van Den Broeck C, Vander-Hyde DC, van der Schaaf L, van Heijningen JV, Vanosky J, van Remortel N, Vardaro M, Vargas AF, Varma V, Vasúth M, Vecchio A, Vedovato G, Veitch J, Veitch PJ, Venneberg J, Venugopalan G, Verkindt D, Verma P, Verma Y, Veske D, Vetrano F, Viceré A, Vidyant S, Viets AD, Vijaykumar A, Villa-Ortega V, Vinet JY, Virtuoso A, Vitale S, Vo T, Vocca H, von Reis ERG, von Wrangel JSA, Vorvick C, Vyatchanin SP, Wade LE, Wade M, Wagner KJ, Walet RC, Walker M, Wallace GS, Wallace L, Walsh S, Wang JZ, Wang WH, Ward RL, Warner J, Was M, Washington NY, Watchi J, Weaver B, Webster SA, Weinert M, Weinstein AJ, Weiss R, Weller CM, Wellmann F, Wen L, Weßels P, Wette K, Whelan JT, White DD, Whiting BF, Whittle C, Wilken D, Williams D, Williams MJ, Williamson AR, Willis JL, Willke B, Wilson DJ, Winkler W, Wipf CC, Wlodarczyk T, Woan G, Woehler J, Wofford JK, Wong ICF, Wu DS, Wysocki DM, Xiao L, Yamamoto H, Yang FW, Yang L, Yang Y, Yang Z, Yap MJ, Yeeles DW, Yelikar AB, Ying M, Yoo J, Yu H, Yu H, Zadrożny A, Zanolin M, Zelenova T, Zendri JP, Zevin M, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Zhao C, Zhao G, Zhao Y, Zhou R, Zhou Z, Zhu XJ, Zimmerman AB, Zucker ME, Zweizig J, Jeong D, and Shandera S
- Abstract
We report on a search for compact binary coalescences where at least one binary component has a mass between 0.2 M_{⊙} and 1.0 M_{⊙} in Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo data collected between 1 April 2019 1500 UTC and 1 October 2019 1500 UTC. We extend our previous analyses in two main ways: we include data from the Virgo detector and we allow for more unequal mass systems, with mass ratio q≥0.1. We do not report any gravitational-wave candidates. The most significant trigger has a false alarm rate of 0.14 yr^{-1}. This implies an upper limit on the merger rate of subsolar binaries in the range [220-24200] Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}, depending on the chirp mass of the binary. We use this upper limit to derive astrophysical constraints on two phenomenological models that could produce subsolar-mass compact objects. One is an isotropic distribution of equal-mass primordial black holes. Using this model, we find that the fraction of dark matter in primordial black holes in the mass range 0.2 M_{⊙}
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Renal replacement anticoagulant management: Protocol and analysis plan for an observational comparative effectiveness study of linked data sources.
- Author
-
Gould DW, Doidge J, Zia Sadique M, Borthwick M, Caskey FJ, Forni L, Lawrence RF, MacEwen C, Mouncey PR, Ostermann M, Harrison DA, Rowan KM, Duncan Young J, and Watkinson PJ
- Abstract
Acute kidney injury is common in critical illness. In patients with severe acute kidney injury, renal replacement therapy is needed to prevent harm from metabolic and electrolyte disturbances and fluid overload. In the UK, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is the preferred modality, which requires anticoagulation. Over the last decade, conventional systemic heparin anticoagulation has started being replaced by regional citrate anticoagulation for CRRT, which is now used in approximately 50% of ICUs. This shift towards regional citrate anticoagulation for CRRT is occurring with little evidence of safety or longer term effectiveness. Renal replacement anticoagulant management (RRAM) is an observational comparative effectiveness study, utilising existing data sources to address the clinical and cost-effectiveness of the change to regional citrate anticoagulation for CRRT in UK ICUs. The study will use data from approximately 85,000 patients who were treated in adult, general ICUs participating in the case mix programme national clinical audit between 1 April 2009 and 31 March 2017. A survey of health service providers' anticoagulation practices will be combined with treatment and hospital outcome data from the case mix programme and linked with long-term outcomes from the Civil Registrations (deaths), Hospital Episodes Statistics for England, Patient Episodes Data for Wales, and the UK Renal Registry datasets. The primary clinical effectiveness outcome is all-cause mortality at 90-days. The study will incorporate an economic evaluation with micro-costing of both regional citrate anticoagulation and systemic heparin anticoagulation. Study registration: NCT03545750., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© The Intensive Care Society 2020.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Restriction of Intravenous Fluid in ICU Patients with Septic Shock.
- Author
-
Meyhoff TS, Hjortrup PB, Wetterslev J, Sivapalan P, Laake JH, Cronhjort M, Jakob SM, Cecconi M, Nalos M, Ostermann M, Malbrain M, Pettilä V, Møller MH, Kjær MN, Lange T, Overgaard-Steensen C, Brand BA, Winther-Olesen M, White JO, Quist L, Westergaard B, Jonsson AB, Hjortsø CJS, Meier N, Jensen TS, Engstrøm J, Nebrich L, Andersen-Ranberg NC, Jensen JV, Joseph NA, Poulsen LM, Herløv LS, Sølling CG, Pedersen SK, Knudsen KK, Straarup TS, Vang ML, Bundgaard H, Rasmussen BS, Aagaard SR, Hildebrandt T, Russell L, Bestle MH, Schønemann-Lund M, Brøchner AC, Elvander CF, Hoffmann SKL, Rasmussen ML, Martin YK, Friberg FF, Seter H, Aslam TN, Ådnøy S, Seidel P, Strand K, Johnstad B, Joelsson-Alm E, Christensen J, Ahlstedt C, Pfortmueller CA, Siegemund M, Greco M, Raděj J, Kříž M, Gould DW, Rowan KM, Mouncey PR, and Perner A
- Subjects
- Administration, Intravenous, Adult, Critical Care methods, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Fluid Therapy adverse effects, Fluid Therapy methods, Shock, Septic mortality, Shock, Septic therapy
- Abstract
Background: Intravenous fluids are recommended for the treatment of patients who are in septic shock, but higher fluid volumes have been associated with harm in patients who are in the intensive care unit (ICU)., Methods: In this international, randomized trial, we assigned patients with septic shock in the ICU who had received at least 1 liter of intravenous fluid to receive restricted intravenous fluid or standard intravenous fluid therapy; patients were included if the onset of shock had been within 12 hours before screening. The primary outcome was death from any cause within 90 days after randomization., Results: We enrolled 1554 patients; 770 were assigned to the restrictive-fluid group and 784 to the standard-fluid group. Primary outcome data were available for 1545 patients (99.4%). In the ICU, the restrictive-fluid group received a median of 1798 ml of intravenous fluid (interquartile range, 500 to 4366); the standard-fluid group received a median of 3811 ml (interquartile range, 1861 to 6762). At 90 days, death had occurred in 323 of 764 patients (42.3%) in the restrictive-fluid group, as compared with 329 of 781 patients (42.1%) in the standard-fluid group (adjusted absolute difference, 0.1 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -4.7 to 4.9; P = 0.96). In the ICU, serious adverse events occurred at least once in 221 of 751 patients (29.4%) in the restrictive-fluid group and in 238 of 772 patients (30.8%) in the standard-fluid group (adjusted absolute difference, -1.7 percentage points; 99% CI, -7.7 to 4.3). At 90 days after randomization, the numbers of days alive without life support and days alive and out of the hospital were similar in the two groups., Conclusions: Among adult patients with septic shock in the ICU, intravenous fluid restriction did not result in fewer deaths at 90 days than standard intravenous fluid therapy. (Funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation and others; CLASSIC ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03668236.)., (Copyright © 2022 Massachusetts Medical Society.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Linkage of National Congenital Heart Disease Audit data to hospital, critical care and mortality national data sets to enable research focused on quality improvement.
- Author
-
Espuny Pujol F, Pagel C, Brown KL, Doidge JC, Feltbower RG, Franklin RC, Gonzalez-Izquierdo A, Gould DW, Norman LJ, Stickley J, Taylor JA, and Crowe S
- Subjects
- Adult, Child, Humans, Critical Care, Hospitals, Quality Improvement, State Medicine, Heart Defects, Congenital therapy, Medical Record Linkage
- Abstract
Objectives: To link five national data sets (three registries, two administrative) and create longitudinal healthcare trajectories for patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), describing the quality and the summary statistics of the linked data set., Design: Bespoke linkage of record-level patient identifiers across five national data sets. Generation of spells of care defined as periods of time-overlapping events across the data sets., Setting: National Congenital Heart Disease Audit (NCHDA) procedures in public (National Health Service; NHS) hospitals in England and Wales, paediatric and adult intensive care data sets (Paediatric Intensive Care Audit Network; PICANet and the Case Mix Programme from the Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre; ICNARC-CMP), administrative hospital episodes (hospital episode statistics; HES inpatient, outpatient, accident and emergency; A&E) and mortality registry data., Participants: Patients with any CHD procedure recorded in NCHDA between April 2000 and March 2017 from public hospitals., Primary and Secondary Outcome Measures: Primary: number of linked records, number of unique patients and number of generated spells of care. Secondary: quality and completeness of linkage., Results: There were 143 862 records in NCHDA relating to 96 041 unique patients. We identified 65 797 linked PICANet patient admissions, 4664 linked ICNARC-CMP admissions and over 6 million linked HES episodes of care (1.1M inpatient, 4.7M outpatient). The linked data set had 4 908 153 spells of care after quality checks, with a median (IQR) of 3.4 (1.8-6.3) spells per patient-year. Where linkage was feasible (in terms of year and centre), 95.6% surgical procedure records were linked to a corresponding HES record, 93.9% paediatric (cardiac) surgery procedure records to a corresponding PICANet admission and 76.8% adult surgery procedure records to a corresponding ICNARC-CMP record., Conclusions: We successfully linked four national data sets to the core data set of all CHD procedures performed between 2000 and 2017. This will enable a much richer analysis of longitudinal patient journeys and outcomes. We hope that our detailed description of the linkage process will be useful to others looking to link national data sets to address important research priorities., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Inflammation and physical dysfunction: responses to moderate intensity exercise in chronic kidney disease.
- Author
-
Watson EL, Baker LA, Wilkinson TJ, Gould DW, Xenophontos S, Graham-Brown M, Major RW, Ashford RU, Viana JL, and Smith AC
- Subjects
- Exercise, Exercise Therapy, Female, Hand Strength, Humans, Inflammation complications, Male, Muscular Atrophy complications, Myostatin, Kidney Failure, Chronic complications, Kidney Failure, Chronic therapy, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic complications, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic therapy
- Abstract
Background: People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience skeletal muscle wasting, reduced levels of physical function and performance, and chronic systemic inflammation. While it is known that a relationship exists between inflammation and muscle wasting, the association between inflammation and physical function or performance in CKD has not been well studied. Exercise has anti-inflammatory effects, but little is known regarding the effect of moderate intensity exercise. This study aimed to (i) compare systemic and intramuscular inflammation between CKD stage G3b-5 and non-CKD controls; (ii) establish whether a relationship exists between physical performance, exercise capacity and inflammation in CKD; (iii) determine changes in systemic and intramuscular inflammation following 12 weeks of exercise; and (iv) investigate whether improving inflammatory status via training contributes to improvements in physical performance and muscle mass., Methods: This is a secondary analysis of previously collected data. CKD patients stages G3b-5 (n = 84, n = 43 males) and non-CKD controls (n = 26, n = 17 males) underwent tests of physical performance, exercise capacity, muscle strength and muscle size. In addition, a subgroup of CKD participants underwent 12 weeks of exercise training, randomized to aerobic (AE, n = 21) or combined (CE, n = 20) training. Plasma and intramuscular inflammation and myostatin were measured at rest and following exercise., Results: Tumour necrosis factor-α was negatively associated with lower $^{^{^{.}}}{\rm V}$O2Peak (P = 0.01), Rectus femoris-cross sectional area (P = 0.002) and incremental shuttle walk test performance (P < 0.001). Interleukin-6 was negatively associated with sit-to-stand 60 performances (P = 0.006) and hand grip strength (P = 0.001). Unaccustomed exercise created an intramuscular inflammatory response that was attenuated following 12 weeks of training. Exercise training did not reduce systemic inflammation, but AE training did significantly reduce mature myostatin levels (P = 0.02). Changes in inflammation were not associated with changes in physical performance., Conclusions: Systemic inflammation may contribute to reduced physical function in CKD. Twelve weeks of exercise training was unable to reduce the level of chronic systemic inflammation in these patients, but did reduce plasma myostatin concentrations. Further research is required to further investigate this., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the ERA.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Erratum: Heparin versus citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy in intensive care: the RRAM observational study.
- Author
-
Gould DW, Doidge J, Sadique MZ, Borthwick M, Hatch R, Caskey FJ, Forni L, Lawrence RF, MacEwen C, Ostermann M, Mouncey PR, Harrison DA, Rowan KM, Young JD, and Watkinson PJ
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Heparin versus citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy in intensive care: the RRAM observational study.
- Author
-
Gould DW, Doidge J, Sadique MZ, Borthwick M, Hatch R, Caskey FJ, Forni L, Lawrence RF, MacEwen C, Ostermann M, Mouncey PR, Harrison DA, Rowan KM, Young JD, and Watkinson PJ
- Subjects
- Adult, Anticoagulants adverse effects, Citric Acid, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Critical Care, Humans, Quality of Life, Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, Heparin adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: In the UK, 10% of admissions to intensive care units receive continuous renal replacement therapy with regional citrate anticoagulation replacing systemic heparin anticoagulation over the last decade. Regional citrate anticoagulation is now used in > 50% of intensive care units, despite little evidence of safety or effectiveness., Aim: The aim of the Renal Replacement Anticoagulant Management study was to evaluate the clinical and health economic impacts of intensive care units moving from systemic heparin anticoagulation to regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy., Design: This was an observational comparative effectiveness study., Setting: The setting was NHS adult general intensive care units in England and Wales., Participants: Participants were adults receiving continuous renal replacement therapy in an intensive care unit participating in the Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre Case Mix Programme national clinical audit between 1 April 2009 and 31 March 2017., Interventions: Exposure - continuous renal replacement therapy in an intensive care unit after completion of transition to regional citrate anticoagulation. Comparator - continuous renal replacement therapy in an intensive care unit before starting transition to regional citrate anticoagulation or had not transitioned., Outcome Measures: Primary effectiveness - all-cause mortality at 90 days. Primary economic - incremental net monetary benefit at 1 year. Secondary outcomes - mortality at hospital discharge, 30 days and 1 year; days of renal, cardiovascular and advanced respiratory support in intensive care unit; length of stay in intensive care unit and hospital; bleeding and thromboembolic events; prevalence of end-stage renal disease at 1 year; and estimated lifetime incremental net monetary benefit., Data Sources: Individual patient data from the Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre Case Mix Programme were linked with the UK Renal Registry, Hospital Episode Statistics (for England), Patient Episodes Data for Wales and Civil Registrations (Deaths) data sets, and combined with identified periods of systemic heparin anticoagulation and regional citrate anticoagulation (survey of intensive care units). Staff time and consumables were obtained from micro-costing. Continuous renal replacement therapy system failures were estimated from the Post-Intensive Care Risk-adjusted Alerting and Monitoring data set. EuroQol-3 Dimensions, three-level version, health-related quality of life was obtained from the Intensive Care Outcomes Network study., Results: Out of the 188 (94.9%) units that responded to the survey, 182 (96.8%) use continuous renal replacement therapy. After linkage, data were available from 69,001 patients across 181 intensive care units (60,416 during periods of systemic heparin anticoagulation use and 8585 during regional citrate anticoagulation use). The change to regional citrate anticoagulation was not associated with a step change in 90-day mortality (odds ratio 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.89 to 1.08). Secondary outcomes showed step increases in days of renal support (difference in means 0.53 days, 95% confidence interval 0.28 to 0.79 days), advanced cardiovascular support (difference in means 0.23 days, 95% confidence interval 0.09 to 0.38 days) and advanced respiratory support (difference in means, 0.53 days, 95% CI 0.03 to 1.03 days) with a trend toward fewer bleeding episodes (odds ratio 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.76 to 1.06) with transition to regional citrate anticoagulation. The micro-costing study indicated that regional citrate anticoagulation was more expensive and was associated with an estimated incremental net monetary loss (step change) of -£2376 (95% confidence interval -£3841 to -£911). The estimated likelihood of cost-effectiveness at 1 year was less than 0.1%., Limitations: Lack of patient-level treatment data means that the results represent average effects of changing to regional citrate anticoagulation in intensive care units. Administrative data are subject to variation in data quality over time, which may contribute to observed trends., Conclusions: The introduction of regional citrate anticoagulation has not improved outcomes for patients and is likely to have substantially increased costs. This study demonstrates the feasibility of evaluating effects of changes in practice using routinely collected data., Future Work: (1) Prioritise other changes in clinical practice for evaluation and (2) methodological research to understand potential implications of trends in data quality., Trial Registration: This trial is registered as ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03545750., Funding: This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment ; Vol. 26, No. 13. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Suicidal Ideation Among State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Public Health Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic - United States, March-April 2021.
- Author
-
Bryant-Genevier J, Rao CY, Lopes-Cardozo B, Kone A, Rose C, Thomas I, Orquiola D, Lynfield R, Shah D, Freeman L, Becker S, Williams A, Gould DW, Tiesman H, Lloyd G, Hill L, and Byrkit R
- Subjects
- Adult, COVID-19 epidemiology, Female, Health Personnel statistics & numerical data, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk Factors, United States epidemiology, Work statistics & numerical data, Anxiety epidemiology, COVID-19 psychology, Depression epidemiology, Health Personnel psychology, Public Health, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic epidemiology, Suicidal Ideation
- Abstract
Increases in mental health conditions have been documented among the general population and health care workers since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic (1-3). Public health workers might be at similar risk for negative mental health consequences because of the prolonged demand for responding to the pandemic and for implementing an unprecedented vaccination campaign. The extent of mental health conditions among public health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, however, is uncertain. A 2014 survey estimated that there were nearly 250,000 state and local public health workers in the United States (4). To evaluate mental health conditions among these workers, a nonprobability-based online survey was conducted during March 29-April 16, 2021, to assess symptoms of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicidal ideation among public health workers in state, tribal, local, and territorial public health departments. Among 26,174 respondents, 52.8% reported symptoms of at least one mental health condition in the preceding 2 weeks, including depression (30.8%), anxiety (30.3%), PTSD (36.8%), or suicidal ideation (8.4%). The highest prevalence of symptoms of a mental health condition was among respondents aged ≤29 years (range = 13.6%-47.4%) and transgender or nonbinary persons (i.e., those who identified as neither male nor female) of all ages (range = 30.4%-65.5%). Public health workers who reported being unable to take time off from work were more likely to report adverse mental health symptoms. Severity of symptoms increased with increasing weekly work hours and percentage of work time dedicated to COVID-19 response activities. Implementing prevention and control practices that eliminate, reduce, and manage factors that cause or contribute to public health workers' poor mental health might improve mental health outcomes during emergencies., Competing Interests: All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. Amber Williams reports being an unpaid member of the deBeaumont Foundation’s National Consortium for Public Health Workforce Steering Committee to represent the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO). No other potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Critical care outcomes, for the first 200 patients with confirmed COVID-19, in England, Wales and Northern Ireland: A report from the ICNARC Case Mix Programme.
- Author
-
Richards-Belle A, Orzechowska I, Doidge J, Thomas K, Harrison DA, Koelewyn A, Christian MD, Shankar-Hari M, Rowan KM, and Gould DW
- Abstract
Background: Early in a pandemic, outcomes are biased towards patients with shorter durations of critical illness. We describe 60-day outcomes for patients critically ill with confirmed COVID-19 and explore the potential bias in the weekly reported data by ICNARC., Methods: First 200 consecutive patients with confirmed COVID-19, admitted for critical care in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, followed-up for a minimum of 60 days from admission. Outcomes included survival and duration of critical care, receipt/duration of organ support in critical care and hospital survival ., Results: Mean age was 62.6 years, 70.5% were male, 52.0% were white, 39.2% obese and 9.0% had serious comorbidities. Median APACHE II score was 16 (IQR 12, 19). After 60 days, 83 (41.5%) patients had been discharged from hospital, 15 (7.5%) had been discharged from critical care but remained in hospital, 1 (0.5%) was still receiving critical care, 90 (45.0%) had died while receiving critical care and 11 (5.5%) had died in hospital after discharge from critical care. Median duration of critical care was 14.0 days (IQR 6.1, 23.0) for survivors and 10.0 days (IQR 5.0, 16.0) for non-survivors of critical care. Overall, 158 (79.0%) patients received advanced respiratory support for a median of 13 (IQR 8, 20) calendar days. Compared with weekly reports during the pandemic, critical care mortality started higher than but then decreased below that of the first 200 consecutive patients. Duration of critical care, for both survivors and non-survivors increased over time; however, both were still lower than those for the first 200 consecutive patients. Receipt and duration of organ support increased to values similar to those for the first 200 consecutive patients., Conclusion: COVID-19 in critical care has high mortality and places a large burden on resources. Analysis of preliminary data with limited follow-up should be interpreted with caution, particularly for future planning in a pandemic., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© The Intensive Care Society 2020.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. The road to hell is paved with good intentions: the experience of applying for national data for linkage and suggestions for improvement.
- Author
-
Taylor JA, Crowe S, Espuny Pujol F, Franklin RC, Feltbower RG, Norman LJ, Doidge J, Gould DW, and Pagel C
- Subjects
- Delivery of Health Care, Health Services Research, Intention, State Medicine
- Abstract
Background: We can improve healthcare services by better understanding current provision. One way to understand this is by linking data sets from clinical and national audits, national registries and other National Health Service (NHS) encounter data. However, getting to the point of having linked national data sets is challenging., Objective: We describe our experience of the data application and linkage process for our study 'LAUNCHES QI', and the time, processes and resource requirements involved. To help others planning similar projects, we highlight challenges encountered and advice for applications in the current system as well as suggestions for system improvements., Findings: The study set up for LAUNCHES QI began in March 2018, and the process through to data acquisition took 2.5 years. Several challenges were encountered, including the amount of information required (often duplicate information in different formats across applications), lack of clarity on processes, resource constraints that limit an audit's capacity to fulfil requests and the unexpected amount of time required from the study team. It is incredibly difficult to estimate the resources needed ahead of time, and yet necessary to do so as early on as funding applications. Early decisions can have a significant impact during latter stages and be hard to change, yet it is difficult to get specific information at the beginning of the process., Conclusions: The current system is incredibly complex, arduous and slow, stifling innovation and delaying scientific progress. NHS data can inform and improve health services and we believe there is an ethical responsibility to use it to do so. Streamlining the number of applications required for accessing data for health services research and providing clarity to data controllers could facilitate the maintenance of stringent governance, while accelerating scientific studies and progress, leading to swifter application of findings and improvements in healthcare., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Association between pre-existing respiratory disease and its treatment, and severe COVID-19: a population cohort study.
- Author
-
Aveyard P, Gao M, Lindson N, Hartmann-Boyce J, Watkinson P, Young D, Coupland CAC, Tan PS, Clift AK, Harrison D, Gould DW, Pavord ID, and Hippisley-Cox J
- Subjects
- Administration, Inhalation, COVID-19 Testing, Comorbidity, England epidemiology, Female, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Humans, Intensive Care Units statistics & numerical data, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Risk Assessment, SARS-CoV-2 isolation & purification, Social Class, Adrenal Cortex Hormones administration & dosage, Adrenal Cortex Hormones adverse effects, COVID-19 diagnosis, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 physiopathology, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive diagnosis, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive drug therapy, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Previous studies suggested that the prevalence of chronic respiratory disease in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 was lower than its prevalence in the general population. The aim of this study was to assess whether chronic lung disease or use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) affects the risk of contracting severe COVID-19., Methods: In this population cohort study, records from 1205 general practices in England that contribute to the QResearch database were linked to Public Health England's database of SARS-CoV-2 testing and English hospital admissions, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and deaths for COVID-19. All patients aged 20 years and older who were registered with one of the 1205 general practices on Jan 24, 2020, were included in this study. With Cox regression, we examined the risks of COVID-19-related hospitalisation, admission to ICU, and death in relation to respiratory disease and use of ICS, adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic status and comorbidities associated with severe COVID-19., Findings: Between Jan 24 and April 30, 2020, 8 256 161 people were included in the cohort and observed, of whom 14 479 (0·2%) were admitted to hospital with COVID-19, 1542 (<0·1%) were admitted to ICU, and 5956 (0·1%) died. People with some respiratory diseases were at an increased risk of hospitalisation (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD] hazard ratio [HR] 1·54 [95% CI 1·45-1·63], asthma 1·18 [1·13-1·24], severe asthma 1·29 [1·22-1·37; people on three or more current asthma medications], bronchiectasis 1·34 [1·20-1·50], sarcoidosis 1·36 [1·10-1·68], extrinsic allergic alveolitis 1·35 [0·82-2·21], idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 1·59 [1·30-1·95], other interstitial lung disease 1·66 [1·30-2·12], and lung cancer 2·24 [1·89-2·65]) and death (COPD 1·54 [1·42-1·67], asthma 0·99 [0·91-1·07], severe asthma 1·08 [0·98-1·19], bronchiectasis 1·12 [0·94-1·33], sarcoidosis 1·41 [0·99-1·99), extrinsic allergic alveolitis 1·56 [0·78-3·13], idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 1·47 [1·12-1·92], other interstitial lung disease 2·05 [1·49-2·81], and lung cancer 1·77 [1·37-2·29]) due to COVID-19 compared with those without these diseases. Admission to ICU was rare, but the HR for people with asthma was 1·08 (0·93-1·25) and severe asthma was 1·30 (1·08-1·58). In a post-hoc analysis, relative risks of severe COVID-19 in people with respiratory disease were similar before and after shielding was introduced on March 23, 2020. In another post-hoc analysis, people with two or more prescriptions for ICS in the 150 days before study start were at a slightly higher risk of severe COVID-19 compared with all other individuals (ie, no or one ICS prescription): HR 1·13 (1·03-1·23) for hospitalisation, 1·63 (1·18-2·24) for ICU admission, and 1·15 (1·01-1·31) for death., Interpretation: The risk of severe COVID-19 in people with asthma is relatively small. People with COPD and interstitial lung disease appear to have a modestly increased risk of severe disease, but their risk of death from COVID-19 at the height of the epidemic was mostly far lower than the ordinary risk of death from any cause. Use of inhaled steroids might be associated with a modestly increased risk of severe COVID-19., Funding: National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and the Wellcome Trust., (Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Association between vitamin D deficiency and exercise capacity in patients with CKD, a cross-sectional analysis.
- Author
-
Watson EL, Wilkinson TJ, O'Sullivan TF, Baker LA, Gould DW, Xenophontos S, Graham-Brown M, Major R, Jenkinson C, Hewison M, Philp A, and Smith AC
- Subjects
- Aged, Calcitonin pharmacology, Cell Differentiation drug effects, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Gene Expression, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Muscle Strength physiology, Muscle, Skeletal physiopathology, Myoblasts, Skeletal cytology, Myoblasts, Skeletal drug effects, Myoblasts, Skeletal metabolism, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic complications, Vitamin D blood, Vitamin D metabolism, Vitamin D Deficiency etiology, Exercise Tolerance physiology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic physiopathology, Vitamin D Deficiency physiopathology
- Abstract
Background: Evidence is growing for a role of vitamin D in regulating skeletal muscle mass, strength and functional capacity. Given the role the kidneys play in activating total vitamin D, and the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), it is possible that deficiency contributes to the low levels of physical function and muscle mass in these patients., Methods: This is a secondary cross-sectional analysis of previously published interventional study, with in vitro follow up work. 34 CKD patients at stages G3b-5 (eGFR 25.5 ± 8.3 mL/min/1.73m2; age 61 ± 12 years) were recruited, with a sub-group (n = 20) also donating a muscle biopsy. Vitamin D and associated metabolites were analysed in plasma by liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectroscopy and correlated to a range of physiological tests of muscle size, function, exercise capacity and body composition. The effects of 1α,25(OH)2D3 supplementation on myogenesis and myotube size was investigated in primary skeletal muscle cells from vitamin D deficient donors., Results: In vivo, there was no association between total or active vitamin D and muscle size or strength, but a significant correlation with V̇O
2Peak was seen with total vitamin D (25OHD). in vitro, 1α,25(OH)2 D3 supplementation reduced IL-6 mRNA expression, but had no effect upon proliferation, differentiation or myotube diameter., Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is not a prominent factor driving the loss of muscle mass in CKD, but may play a role in reduced exercise capacity., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Correction to: COVID-19 in critical care: epidemiology of the first epidemic wave across England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
- Author
-
Richards-Belle A, Orzechowska I, Gould DW, Thomas K, Doidge JC, Mouncey PR, Christian MD, Shankar-Hari M, Harrison DA, and Rowan KM
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Rapid establishment of a COVID-19 critical care unit in a convention centre: the Nightingale Hospital London experience.
- Author
-
Proudfoot AG, O'Brien B, Schilling R, Gould DW, and McGlennan A
- Subjects
- Humans, London, COVID-19, Critical Care organization & administration, Hospitals, Mobile Health Units organization & administration
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Trends in Intensive Care for Patients with COVID-19 in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
- Author
-
Doidge JC, Gould DW, Ferrando-Vivas P, Mouncey PR, Thomas K, Shankar-Hari M, Harrison DA, and Rowan KM
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Aged, COVID-19 therapy, Comorbidity, England epidemiology, Female, Hospital Mortality trends, Humans, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, Northern Ireland epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, SARS-CoV-2, Severity of Illness Index, Wales epidemiology, COVID-19 epidemiology, Critical Care methods, Intensive Care Units statistics & numerical data, Pandemics
- Abstract
Rationale: By describing trends in intensive care for patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) we aim to support clinical learning, service planning, and hypothesis generation. Objectives: To describe variation in ICU admission rates over time and by geography during the first wave of the epidemic in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland; to describe trends in patient characteristics on admission to ICU, first-24-hours physiology in ICU, processes of care in ICU and patient outcomes; and to explore deviations in trends during the peak period. Methods: A cohort of 10,741 patients with COVID-19 in the Case Mix Program national clinical audit from February 1 to July 31, 2020, was used. Analyses were stratified by time period (prepeak, peak, and postpeak periods) and geographical region. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted differences in 28-day in-hospital mortality between periods. Measurements and Main Results: Admissions to ICUs peaked almost simultaneously across regions but varied 4.6-fold in magnitude. Compared with patients admitted in the prepeak period, patients admitted in the postpeak period were slightly younger but with higher degrees of dependency and comorbidity on admission to ICUs and more deranged first-24-hours physiology. Despite this, receipt of invasive ventilation and renal replacement therapy decreased, and adjusted 28-day in-hospital mortality was reduced by 11.8% (95% confidence interval, 8.7%-15.0%). Many variables exhibited u-shaped or n-shaped curves during the peak. Conclusions: The population of patients with COVID-19 admitted to ICUs, and the processes of care in ICUs, changed over the first wave of the epidemic. After adjustment for important risk factors, there was a substantial improvement in patient outcomes.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Prognostic Factors for 30-Day Mortality in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: An Observational Cohort Study.
- Author
-
Ferrando-Vivas P, Doidge J, Thomas K, Gould DW, Mouncey P, Shankar-Hari M, Young JD, Rowan KM, and Harrison DA
- Subjects
- Adult, COVID-19 therapy, Cohort Studies, Critical Illness therapy, England, Female, Hospital Mortality, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Northern Ireland, Prognosis, Respiration, Artificial mortality, Wales, COVID-19 mortality, Critical Illness mortality, Severity of Illness Index
- Abstract
Objectives: To identify characteristics that predict 30-day mortality among patients critically ill with coronavirus disease 2019 in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland., Design: Observational cohort study., Setting: A total of 258 adult critical care units., Patients: A total of 10,362 patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 with a start of critical care between March 1, 2020, and June 22, 2020, of whom 9,990 were eligible (excluding patients with a duration of critical care less than 24 hr or missing core variables)., Measurements and Main Results: The main outcome measure was time to death within 30 days of the start of critical care. Of 9,990 eligible patients (median age 60 yr, 70% male), 3,933 died within 30 days of the start of critical care. As of July 22, 2020, 189 patients were still receiving critical care and a further 446 were still in acute hospital. Data were missing for between 0.1% and 7.2% of patients across prognostic factors. We imputed missing data ten-fold, using fully conditional specification and continuous variables were modeled using restricted cubic splines. Associations between the candidate prognostic factors and time to death within 30 days of the start of critical care were determined after adjustment for multiple variables with Cox proportional hazards modeling. Significant associations were identified for age, ethnicity, deprivation, body mass index, prior dependency, immunocompromise, lowest systolic blood pressure, highest heart rate, highest respiratory rate, Pao2/Fio2 ratio (and interaction with mechanical ventilation), highest blood lactate concentration, highest serum urea, and lowest platelet count over the first 24 hours of critical care. Nonsignificant associations were found for sex, sedation, highest temperature, and lowest hemoglobin concentration., Conclusions: We identified patient characteristics that predict an increased likelihood of death within 30 days of the start of critical care for patients with coronavirus disease 2019. These findings may support development of a prediction model for benchmarking critical care providers., Competing Interests: The authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2020 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All Rights Reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. A UK national survey of prophylactic platelet transfusion thresholds in non-bleeding, critically ill adults.
- Author
-
Shah A, Gould DW, Doidge J, Mouncey PR, Harrison DA, Young JD, Stanworth SJ, and Watkinson PJ
- Subjects
- Adult, Critical Illness, Hemorrhage prevention & control, Humans, United Kingdom, Platelet Transfusion, Thrombocytopenia
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. The association of muscle size, strength and exercise capacity with all-cause mortality in non-dialysis-dependent CKD patients.
- Author
-
Watson EL, Major RW, Wilkinson TJ, Greening NJ, Gould DW, Barratt J, and Smith AC
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Cohort Studies, Comorbidity, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Muscular Atrophy diagnostic imaging, Prospective Studies, Quadriceps Muscle diagnostic imaging, Quadriceps Muscle physiopathology, Ultrasonography methods, United Kingdom epidemiology, Young Adult, Exercise Tolerance physiology, Muscle Strength physiology, Muscular Atrophy mortality, Muscular Atrophy physiopathology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic mortality, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic physiopathology
- Abstract
Background/objective: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are commonly reported to exhibit skeletal muscle wasting, reduced strength and exercise capacity. Evidence from patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) demonstrates these factors are associated with mortality, but it is unclear whether this relationship exists earlier in the illness. Our objective was to determine whether muscle size, strength or exercise capacity was associated with all-cause mortality, unscheduled hospital admissions or time to ESRD in patients not requiring dialysis., Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of 89 patients with CKD stages 3b-5 not requiring renal replacement therapy with a mean follow-up period of 3.3 years in which the contribution of predictors of rectus femoris muscle size, muscle strength, exercise capacity to all-cause mortality rates, progression to ESRD and time to first hospitalization were investigated., Results: Unadjusted analysis suggested each 1 cm
2 increase in quadriceps muscle size (measured by ultrasonography cross-sectional area) was associated with a 38% reduced risk for death (p = .006), and a 10 m improvement on the incremental shuttle walk test was associated with a 3% reduced risk for death (p = .04). However, this relationship was not present in analysis adjusted for age, gender and eGFR. No association was seen between any factor for the development of ESRD or time to first hospitalization., Conclusion: These results suggest that in this small cohort, muscle size and exercise capacity are associated with mortality when considered alone, but this relationship was not present in adjusted analyses. Further investigation in a larger patient group is warranted., (© 2020 The Authors. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. COVID-19 in critical care: epidemiology of the first epidemic wave across England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
- Author
-
Richards-Belle A, Orzechowska I, Gould DW, Thomas K, Doidge JC, Mouncey PR, Christian MD, Shankar-Hari M, Harrison DA, and Rowan KM
- Subjects
- Aged, COVID-19, Cohort Studies, Coronavirus Infections therapy, England epidemiology, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Male, Middle Aged, Northern Ireland epidemiology, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral therapy, SARS-CoV-2, State Medicine, Wales epidemiology, Betacoronavirus, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Critical Care statistics & numerical data, Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology
- Abstract
Purpose: To describe critical care patients with COVID-19 across England, Wales and Northern Ireland and compare them with a historic cohort of patients with other viral pneumonias (non-COVID-19) and with international cohorts of COVID-19., Methods: Extracted data on patient characteristics, acute illness severity, organ support and outcomes from the Case Mix Programme, the national clinical audit for adult critical care, for a prospective cohort of patients with COVID-19 (February to August 2020) are compared with a recent retrospective cohort of patients with other viral pneumonias (non-COVID-19) (2017-2019) and with other international cohorts of critical care patients with COVID-19, the latter identified from published reports., Results: 10,834 patients with COVID-19 (70.1% male, median age 60 years, 32.6% non-white ethnicity, 39.4% obese, 8.2% at least one serious comorbidity) were admitted across 289 critical care units. Of these, 36.9% had a PaO
2 /FiO2 ratio of ≤ 13.3 kPa (≤ 100 mmHg) consistent with severe ARDS and 72% received invasive ventilation. Acute hospital mortality was 42%, higher than for 5782 critical care patients with other viral pneumonias (non-COVID-19) (24.7%), and most COVID-19 deaths (88.7%) occurred before 30 days. Meaningful international comparisons were limited due to lack of standardised reporting., Conclusion: Critical care patients with COVID-19 were disproportionately non-white, from more deprived areas and more likely to be male and obese. Conventional severity scoring appeared not to adequately reflect their acute severity, with the distribution across PaO2 /FiO2 ratio categories indicating acutely severe respiratory disease. Critical care patients with COVID-19 experience high mortality and place a great burden on critical care services.- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Reductions in skeletal muscle mitochondrial mass are not restored following exercise training in patients with chronic kidney disease.
- Author
-
Watson EL, Baker LA, Wilkinson TJ, Gould DW, Graham-Brown MPM, Major RW, Ashford RU, Philp A, and Smith AC
- Subjects
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Gene Expression physiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mitochondria, Muscle metabolism, Mitochondrial Proteins metabolism, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Muscular Diseases metabolism, Muscular Diseases physiopathology, Observational Studies as Topic, Organelle Biogenesis, Quadriceps Muscle metabolism, Quadriceps Muscle physiology, Resistance Training methods, Exercise physiology, Mitochondria, Muscle physiology, Muscle, Skeletal physiopathology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic physiopathology
- Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit reduced exercise capacity, poor physical function and symptoms of fatigue. The mechanisms that contribute to this are not clearly defined but may involve reductions in mitochondrial function, mass and biogenesis. Here we report on the effect of non-dialysis dependent CKD (NDD-CKD) on mitochondrial mass and basal expression of transcription factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis compared to a healthy control cohort (HC). In addition, we sought to investigate the effect of a 12-week exercise-training programme on these aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction in a NDD-CKD cohort.For the comparison between NDD-CKD and HC populations, skeletal muscle biopsies were collected from the vastus lateralis (VL) of n=16 non-dialysis dependent CKD patient's stage 3b-5 (NDD-CKD) and n=16 healthy controls matched for age, gender and physical activity (HC). To investigate the effect of exercise training, VL biopsies were collected from n=17 NDD-CKD patients before and after a 12-week exercise intervention that was comprised of aerobic exercise (AE) or a combination of aerobic exercise and resistance training (CE). Mitochondrial mass was analysed by citrate synthase activity and mitochondrial protein content by Porin expression, whilst the expression of transcription factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis were quantified by real-time qPCR. NDD-CKD patients exhibited a significant reduction in mitochondrial mass when compared to HC, coupled to a reduction in PGC-1α, NRF-1, Nrf2, TFam, mfn2 and SOD1/2 gene expression. 12-weeks of exercise training resulted in a significant increase in PGC-1α expression in both groups, with no further changes seen across indicators of mitochondrial biogenesis. No significant changes in mitochondrial mass were observed in response to either exercise programme. NDD-CKD patients exhibit reduced skeletal muscle mitochondrial mass and gene expression of transcription factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis compared to HC. These reductions were not restored following 12-weeks of exercise training implying exercise resistance in this cohort. The reasons for this lack of improvement are currently unknown and require further investigation, as reversing the dysregulation of these processes in NDD-CKD may provide a therapeutic opportunity to improve muscle fatigue and dysfunction in this population., (© 2019 Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Squeezed vacuum phase control at 2 μm.
- Author
-
Yap MJ, Gould DW, McRae TG, Altin PA, Kijbunchoo N, Mansell GL, Ward RL, Shaddock DA, Slagmolen BJJ, and McClelland DE
- Abstract
We demonstrate phase control for vacuum-squeezed light at a 2 μm wavelength, which is a necessary technology for proposed future gravitational wave observatories. The control scheme allowed examination of noise behavior at frequencies below 1 kHz and indicated that squeezing below this frequency was limited by dark noise and scattered light. We directly measure 3.9±0.2 dB of squeezing from 2 kHz to 80 kHz and 14.2±0.3 dB of antisqueezing relative to the shot noise level. The observed maximum level of squeezing is currently limited by photodetector quantum efficiency and laser instabilities at this new wavelength for squeezed light. Accounting for all losses, we conclude the generation of 11.3 dB of squeezing at the optical parametric oscillator.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Peak aerobic capacity from incremental shuttle walk test in chronic kidney disease.
- Author
-
Xenophontos S, Wilkinson TJ, Gould DW, Watson EL, Viana JL, and Smith AC
- Subjects
- Aged, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Exercise Tolerance, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic therapy, Walk Test statistics & numerical data, Exercise physiology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic physiopathology, Walk Test standards
- Abstract
Background: Assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness is an important outcome in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to develop a predictive equation to estimate peak oxygen uptake (VO
2peak ) and power output (WPeak ), as measured during a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), from the distance walked (DW) during the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT)., Methods: Thirty-six non-dialysing patients with CKD [17 male, age: 61 ± 12 years, eGFR: 25±7 ml/min/1.73 m2 , body mass index (BMI): 31 ± 6 kg/m2 ] carried out laboratory-based CPET on a cycle ergometer and ISWT on two separate occasions., Results: Linear regression revealed that DW/BMI was a significant predictor of VO2Peak (r = 0.78) (VO2Peak (ml/min/kg) = [0.5688 × (DW/BMI) (m)] + 11.50). No difference (p = 0.66) between CPET VO2Peak (19.9 ± 5.5 ml/min/kg) and predicted VO2Peak (19.9 ± 4.3 ml/min/kg) was observed. DW multiplied by body mass (BM) was a significant predictor of WPeak (r = 0.80) [WPeak (W) = (0.0018 × (DW × BM)) + 50.47]. No difference (p = 0.97) between CPET WPeak (116.2 ± 38.9 W) and estimated WPeak (113.9 ± 30.1 W) was seen., Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that VO2Peak and WPeak can be accurately estimated using the DW during an ISWT in CKD populations., (© 2019 European Dialysis and Transplant Nurses Association/European Renal Care Association.)- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Family satisfaction with critical care in the UK: a multicentre cohort study.
- Author
-
Ferrando P, Gould DW, Walmsley E, Richards-Belle A, Canter R, Saunders S, Harrison DA, Harvey S, Heyland DK, Hinton L, McColl E, Richardson A, Richardson M, Wright SE, and Rowan KM
- Subjects
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Databases, Factual, Female, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Acuity, Prospective Studies, Respiration, Artificial, Surveys and Questionnaires, United Kingdom, Consumer Behavior statistics & numerical data, Critical Care standards, Family, Intensive Care Units standards
- Abstract
Objective: To assess family satisfaction with intensive care units (ICUs) in the UK using the Family Satisfaction in the Intensive Care Unit 24-item (FS-ICU-24) questionnaire, and to investigate how characteristics of patients and their family members impact on family satisfaction., Design: Prospective cohort study nested within a national clinical audit database., Setting: Stratified, random sample of 20 adult general ICUs participating in the Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre Case Mix Programme., Participants: Family members of patients staying at least 24 hours in ICU were recruited between May 2013 and June 2014., Interventions: Consenting family members were sent a postal questionnaire 3 weeks after the patient died or was discharged from ICU. Up to four family members were recruited per patient., Main Outcome Measures: Family satisfaction was measured using the FS-ICU-24 questionnaire., Main Results: A total of 12 346 family members of 6380 patients were recruited and 7173 (58%) family members of 4615 patients returned a completed questionnaire. Overall and domain-specific family satisfaction scores were high (mean overall family satisfaction 80, satisfaction with care 83, satisfaction with information 76 and satisfaction with decision-making 73 out of 100) but varied significantly across adult general ICUs studied and by whether the patient survived ICU. For family members of ICU survivors, characteristics of both the family member (age, ethnicity, relationship to patient (next-of-kin and/or lived with patient) and visit frequency) and the patient (acute severity of illness and receipt of invasive mechanical ventilation) were significant determinants of family satisfaction, whereas, for family members of ICU non-survivors, only patient characteristics (age, acute severity of illness and duration of stay) were significant., Conclusions: Overall family satisfaction in UK adult general ICUs was high but varied significantly. Adjustment for differences in family member/patient characteristics is important to avoid falsely identifying ICUs as statistical outliers., Trial Registration Number: ISRCTN47363549., Competing Interests: Competing interests: Kathryn M Rowan is a member of the NIHR HS&DR Board. Elaine McColl was an editor for the NIHR Journals Library between 2013 and 2016 and her employers received a fee for this work. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest. All authors have completed the Unified Competing Interest form (available on request from the corresponding author)., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Ultrasound assessment of muscle mass in response to exercise training in chronic kidney disease: a comparison with MRI.
- Author
-
Gould DW, Watson EL, Wilkinson TJ, Wormleighton J, Xenophontos S, Viana JL, and Smith AC
- Subjects
- Humans, Middle Aged, Exercise physiology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Muscle, Skeletal pathology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a catabolic condition associated with muscle wasting and dysfunction, which associates with morbidity and mortality. There is a need for simple techniques capable of monitoring changes in muscle size with disease progression and in response to interventions aiming to increase muscle mass and function. Ultrasound is one such technique; however, it is unknown how well changes in muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) measured using ultrasound relate to changes in whole muscle volume measured using magnetic resonance imaging. We tested whether rectus femoris CSA (RF-CSA) could be used as a valid indication of changes in quadriceps muscle volume as a single measure of muscle size and following a 12 week exercise intervention that resulted in muscle hypertrophy., Methods: Secondary analysis of data was collected from the ExTra CKD study (ISRCTN 36489137). Quadriceps muscle size was assessed from 36 patients with non-dialysis CKD before and after 12 weeks of supervised exercise that resulted in muscle hypertrophy., Results: Strong positive correlations were observed between RF-CSA and quadriceps volume at baseline (r
2 = 0.815, CI 0.661 to 0.903; P < 0.001) and following 12 week exercise (r2 = 0.845, CI 0.700 to 0.923; P < 0.001). A moderate positive association was also observed between changes in RF-CSA and quadriceps following exercise training (rho = 0.441, CI 0.085 to 0.697; P = 0.015). Bland-Altman analysis revealed a small bias (bias 0.6% ± 12.5) between the mean percentage changes in RF-CSA and quadriceps volume but wide limits of agreement from -24 to 25., Conclusions: Rectus femoris CSA appears to be a reliable index of total quadriceps volume as a simple measure of muscle size, both as a single observation and in response to exercise training in non-dialysis CKD patients., (© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders.)- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Quality over quantity? Association of skeletal muscle myosteatosis and myofibrosis on physical function in chronic kidney disease.
- Author
-
Wilkinson TJ, Gould DW, Nixon DGD, Watson EL, and Smith AC
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Body Composition, Exercise Test, Female, Gait, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Hand Strength, Humans, Linear Models, Male, Middle Aged, Muscular Atrophy complications, Muscular Atrophy diagnostic imaging, Quadriceps Muscle diagnostic imaging, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic complications, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic diagnostic imaging, Treatment Outcome, Ultrasonography, Muscular Atrophy physiopathology, Quadriceps Muscle physiopathology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic physiopathology
- Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by adverse changes in body composition, which are associated with poor clinical outcome and physical functioning. Whilst size is the key for muscle functioning, changes in muscle quality specifically increase in intramuscular fat infiltration (myosteatosis) and fibrosis (myofibrosis) may be important. We investigated the role of muscle quality and size on physical performance in non-dialysis CKD patients., Methods: Ultrasound (US) images of the rectus femoris (RF) were obtained. Muscle quality was assessed using echo intensity (EI), and qualitatively using Heckmatt's visual rating scale. Muscle size was obtained from RF cross-sectional area (RF-CSA). Physical function was measured by the sit-to-stand-60s (STS-60) test, incremental (ISWT) and endurance shuttle walk tests, lower limb and handgrip strength, exercise capacity (VO2peak) and gait speed., Results: A total of 61 patients (58.5 ± 14.9 years, 46% female, estimated glomerular filtration rate 31.1 ± 20.2 mL/min/1.73 m2) were recruited. Lower EI (i.e. higher muscle quality) was significantly associated with better physical performance [STS-60 (r = 0.363) and ISWT (r = 0.320)], and greater VO2peak (r = 0.439). The qualitative rating was closely associated with EI values, and significant differences in function were seen between the ratings. RF-CSA was a better predictor of performance than muscle quality., Conclusions: In CKD, increased US-derived EI was negatively correlated with physical performance; however, muscle size remains the largest predictor of physical function. Therefore, in addition to the loss of muscle size, muscle quality should be considered an important factor that may contribute to deficits in mobility and function in CKD. Interventions such as exercise could improve both of these factors., (© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Test-retest reliability, validation, and "minimal detectable change" scores for frequently reported tests of objective physical function in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease.
- Author
-
Wilkinson TJ PhD, Xenophontos S MSc, Gould DW PhD, Vogt BP PhD, Viana JL PhD, Smith AC PhD, and Watson EL PhD
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oxygen Consumption, Predictive Value of Tests, Recovery of Function, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic physiopathology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic rehabilitation, Reproducibility of Results, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Exercise Test methods, Exercise Tolerance, Minimal Clinically Important Difference, Muscle Strength, Quadriceps Muscle physiopathology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic diagnosis, Walking
- Abstract
Physical function is an important outcome in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to establish the reliability, validity, and the "minimal detectable change" (MDC) of several common tests used in renal rehabilitation and research. In a repeated measures design, 41 patients with CKD not requiring dialysis (stage 3b to 5) were assessed at an interval of 6 weeks. The tests were the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT), "sit-to-stand" (STS) test, estimated 1 repetition maximum for quadriceps strength (e1RM), and VO
2peak by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analysis, and absolute reliability by standard error of measurement and MDC. The ISWT, STS-60, e1RM, and CPET had "good" to "excellent" reliability (0.973, 0.927, 0.927, and 0.866), respectively. STS-5 reliability was poor (0.676). The MDC is ISWT, 20 m; STS-5, 7.5 s; STS-60, 4 reps; e1RM, 6.4 kg; VO2peak , 2.8 ml/kg/min. There was strong correlation between the ISWT and VO2peak (r = 0.73 and 0.74). While there was poor correlation between the STS-5 and e1RM (r = 0.14 and 0.47), better correlation was seen between STS-5 and ISWT (r = 0.55 and 0.74). In conclusion, the ISWT, STS-60, e1RM, and CPET are reliable tests of function in CKD. The ISWT is a valid means of exercise capacity. The MDC can help researchers and rehabilitation professionals interpret changes following an intervention.- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. The "Minimum Clinically Important Difference" in Frequently Reported Objective Physical Function Tests After a 12-Week Renal Rehabilitation Exercise Intervention in Nondialysis Chronic Kidney Disease.
- Author
-
Wilkinson TJ, Watson EL, Xenophontos S, Gould DW, and Smith AC
- Subjects
- Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Recovery of Function, Retrospective Studies, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Exercise Therapy, Minimal Clinically Important Difference, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic rehabilitation
- Abstract
Objective: Chronic kidney disease patients are characterized by impaired physical function. The goal of exercise-based interventions is an improvement in functional performance. However, improvements are often determined by "statistically significant" changes. We investigated the "minimum clinically important difference," "the smallest change that is important to the patient," for commonly reported physical function tests., Design: Nondialysis chronic kidney disease patients completed 12-wks of a combined aerobic (plus resistance training). The incremental shuttle walking test, sit-to-stand 5 and 60, estimated 1-repetition maximum for the knee extensors, and VO2peak were assessed. After the intervention, patients rated their perceived change in health. Both anchor- and distribution-based minimum clinically important difference approaches were calculated., Results: The minimum clinically important difference was calculated as follows: incremental shuttle walking test, +45 m; sit-to-stand 5, -4.2 secs; VO2peak, +1.5 ml/kg per min. Because of comparable increases in "anchor" groups, no minimum clinically important difference was estimated for the sit-to-stand 60 or estimated 1-repetition maximum., Conclusions: We have established the minimum clinically important difference in chronic kidney disease for common tests of physical function. These values represent the minimum change required for patients to perceive noticeable and beneficial change to their health. These scores will help interpret changes after exercise interventions where these tests are used. These minimum clinically important differences can be used to power future studies to detect clinically important changes., To Claim Cme Credits: Complete the self-assessment activity and evaluation online at http://www.physiatry.org/JournalCME CME OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of this article, the reader should be able to: (1) Define the "minimum clinically important difference"; (2) Distinguish between concepts of minimum clinically important difference, "minimal detectable change,", and "statistically significant change"; and (3) Interpret other study findings and their own results in the context of the minimum clinically important difference rather than statistically significant changes., Level: Advanced ACCREDITATION: The Association of Academic Physiatrists is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.The Association of Academic Physiatrists designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Building State and Local Public Health Capacity in Syndromic Surveillance Through an Online Community of Practice.
- Author
-
Gould DW, Lamb E, Dearth S, and Collier K
- Subjects
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S., Humans, Internet, United States epidemiology, Capacity Building, Public Health Surveillance, Syndrome
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Permissive versus restrictive temperature thresholds in critically ill children with fever and infection: a multicentre randomized clinical pilot trial.
- Author
-
Peters MJ, Woolfall K, Khan I, Deja E, Mouncey PR, Wulff J, Mason A, Agbeko RS, Draper ES, Fenn B, Gould DW, Koelewyn A, Klein N, Mackerness C, Martin S, O'Neill L, Ray S, Ramnarayan P, Tibby S, Thorburn K, Tume L, Watkins J, Wellman P, Harrison DA, and Rowan KM
- Subjects
- Child, Child, Preschool, Critical Illness therapy, Female, Fever etiology, Fever physiopathology, Focus Groups methods, Humans, Infant, Infections physiopathology, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric organization & administration, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric statistics & numerical data, Male, Pilot Projects, Surveys and Questionnaires, United Kingdom, Infections complications, Threshold Limit Values, Treatment Outcome
- Abstract
Background: Fever improves pathogen control at a significant metabolic cost. No randomized clinical trials (RCT) have compared fever treatment thresholds in critically ill children. We performed a pilot RCT to determine whether a definitive trial of a permissive approach to fever in comparison to current restrictive practice is feasible in critically ill children with suspected infection., Methods: An open, parallel-group pilot RCT with embedded mixed methods perspectives study in four UK paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) and associated retrieval services. Participants were emergency PICU admissions aged > 28 days to < 16 years receiving respiratory support and supplemental oxygen. Subjects were randomly assigned to permissive (antipyretic interventions only at ≥ 39.5 °C) or restrictive groups (antipyretic interventions at ≥ 37.5 °C) whilst on respiratory support. Parents were invited to complete a questionnaire or take part in an interview. Focus groups were conducted with staff at each unit. Outcomes were measures of feasibility: recruitment rate, protocol adherence and acceptability, between group separation of temperature and safety., Results: One hundred thirty-eight children met eligibility criteria of whom 100 (72%) were randomized (11.1 patients per month per site) without prior consent (RWPC). Consent to continue in the trial was obtained in 87 cases (87%). The mean maximum temperature (95% confidence interval) over the first 48 h was 38.4 °C (38.2-38.6) in the restrictive group and 38.8 °C (38.6-39.1) in the permissive group, a mean difference of 0.5 °C (0.2-0.8). Protocol deviations were observed in 6.8% (99/1438) of 6-h time periods and largely related to patient comfort in the recovery phase. Length of stay, duration of organ support and mortality were similar between groups. No pre-specified serious adverse events occurred. Staff (n = 48) and parents (n = 60) were supportive of the trial, including RWPC. Suggestions were made to only include invasively ventilated children for the duration of intubation., Conclusion: Uncertainty around the optimal fever threshold for antipyretic intervention is relevant to many emergency PICU admissions. A more permissive approach was associated with a modest increase in mean maximum temperature. A definitive trial should focus on the most seriously ill cases in whom antipyretics are rarely used for their analgesic effects alone., Trial Registration: ISRCTN16022198 . Registered on 14 August 2017.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Twelve weeks of supervised exercise improves self-reported symptom burden and fatigue in chronic kidney disease: a secondary analysis of the 'ExTra CKD' trial.
- Author
-
Wilkinson TJ, Watson EL, Gould DW, Xenophontos S, Clarke AL, Vogt BP, Viana JL, and Smith AC
- Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients experience a high symptom burden including fatigue, sleep difficulties, muscle weakness and pain. These symptoms reduce levels of physical function (PF) and activity, and contribute to poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Despite the gathering evidence of positive physiological changes following exercise in CKD, there is limited evidence on its effect on self-reported symptom burden, fatigue, HRQoL and physical activity., Methods: Thirty-six patients [mean ± SD 61.6 ± 11.8 years, 22 (61%) females, estimated glomerular filtration rate: 25.5 ± 7.8 mL/min/1.73 m
2 ] not requiring renal replacement therapy underwent 12 weeks (3 times/week) of supervised aerobic exercise (AE), or a combination (CE) of AE plus resistance training. Outcomes included self-reported symptom burden, fatigue, HRQoL and physical activity., Results: Exercise reduced the total number of symptoms reported by 17% and had favourable effects on fatigue in both groups. AE reduced the frequency of 'itching', 'impotence' and 'shortness of breath' symptoms, and the intrusiveness for symptoms of 'sleep disturbance', 'loss of muscular strength/power', 'muscle spasm/stiffness' and 'restless legs'. The addition of resistance exercise in the CE group saw a reduction in 'loss of muscular strength/power'. No changes were seen in subjective PF or physical activity levels. AE increased self-efficacy for physical activity., Conclusions: Supervised exercise had favourable effects on symptom frequency and intrusiveness, including substantial improvements in fatigue. Although the intervention did not improve self-reported physical activity levels, AE increased patients' self-efficacy for physical activity. These favourable changes in self-reported outcomes support the important role of exercise in CKD.- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Association of self-reported physical function with survival in patients with chronic kidney disease.
- Author
-
Clarke AL, Zaccardi F, Gould DW, Hull KL, Smith AC, Burton JO, and Yates T
- Abstract
Background: Reduced physical function is associated with an increased risk of mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) not requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT). Assessments of physical performance can help to identify those at risk for adverse events. However, objective measures are not always feasible and self-reported measures may provide a suitable surrogate., Methods: We performed a cohort study examining associations between self-reported physical function and walking behaviour with survival in patients with CKD not requiring RRT. Data were analysed from the QCKD study (Physical activity opinions in kidney disease) (ISRCTN 87066351), a prospective observational mixed methods study of physical activity in patients with CKD. A total of 450 patients with CKD not requiring RRT, ages 17-93 years, were followed up for a median of 43 months. Upon enrolment, participants completed two questionnaires: Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) (physical function) and General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPPAQ) (habitual activity). Mortality data were collected from electronic records in September 2016; RRT was considered a competing event., Results: A total of 74 deaths occurred during follow-up and 101 participants were started on RRT. The adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) of mortality in participants scoring >19.2 on the DASI was 0.51 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30-0.88] while a one-unit increase in the DASI was associated with an SHR of 0.97 (95% CI 0.95-0.99). The adjusted SHRs of mortality were 0.48 (95% CI 0.26-0.90), 0.25 (0.11-0.57) and 0.48 (0.23-0.80) for participants walking <1, 1-3 and ≥3 h/week, respectively, compared with no walking. A walking pace >3 mph was associated with a reduced risk of mortality [SHR 0.37 (95% CI 0.20-0.71)] compared with a walking pace <3 mph., Conclusions: Physical function and walking behaviours were independently associated with survival in CKD and may help to identify patients at risk for adverse events.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Different temperature thresholds for antipyretic intervention in critically ill children with fever due to infection: the FEVER feasibility RCT.
- Author
-
Peters MJ, Khan I, Woolfall K, Deja E, Mouncey PR, Wulff J, Mason A, Agbeko R, Draper ES, Fenn B, Gould DW, Koelewyn A, Klein N, Mackerness C, Martin S, O'Neill L, Ramnarayan P, Tibby S, Tume L, Watkins J, Thorburn K, Wellman P, Harrison DA, and Rowan KM
- Subjects
- Female, Focus Groups, Health Personnel, Humans, Infant, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric, Interviews as Topic, Male, Treatment Outcome, Antipyretics administration & dosage, Communicable Diseases therapy, Critical Illness mortality, Fever etiology, Hot Temperature adverse effects
- Abstract
Background: Fever accelerates host immune system control of pathogens but at a high metabolic cost. The optimal approach to fever management and the optimal temperature thresholds used for treatment in critically ill children are unknown., Objectives: To determine the feasibility of conducting a definitive randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different temperature thresholds for antipyretic management., Design: A mixed-methods feasibility study comprising three linked studies - (1) a qualitative study exploring parent and clinician views, (2) an observational study of the epidemiology of fever in children with infection in paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) and (3) a pilot RCT with an integrated-perspectives study., Setting: Participants were recruited from (1) four hospitals in England via social media (for the FEVER qualitative study), (2) 22 PICUs in the UK (for the FEVER observational study) and (3) four PICUs in England (for the FEVER pilot RCT)., Participants: (1) Parents of children with relevant experience were recruited to the FEVER qualitative study, (2) patients who were unplanned admissions to PICUs were recruited to the FEVER observational study and (3) children admitted with infection requiring mechanical ventilation were recruited to the FEVER pilot RCT. Parents of children and clinicians involved in the pilot RCT., Interventions: The FEVER qualitative study and the FEVER observational study had no interventions. In the FEVER pilot RCT, children were randomly allocated (1 : 1) using research without prior consent (RWPC) to permissive (39.5 °C) or restrictive (37.5 °C) temperature thresholds for antipyretics during their PICU stay while mechanically ventilated., Main Outcome Measures: (1) The acceptability of FEVER, RWPC and potential outcomes (in the FEVER qualitative study), (2) the size of the potentially eligible population and the temperature thresholds used (in the FEVER observational study) and (3) recruitment and retention rates, protocol adherence and separation between groups and distribution of potential outcomes (in the FEVER pilot RCT)., Results: In the FEVER qualitative study, 25 parents were interviewed and 56 clinicians took part in focus groups. Both the parents and the clinicians found the study acceptable. Clinicians raised concerns regarding temperature thresholds and not using paracetamol for pain/discomfort. In the FEVER observational study, 1853 children with unplanned admissions and infection were admitted to 22 PICUs between March and August 2017. The recruitment rate was 10.9 per site per month. The majority of critically ill children with a maximum temperature of > 37.5 °C received antipyretics. In the FEVER pilot RCT, 100 eligible patients were randomised between September and December 2017 at a recruitment rate of 11.1 per site per month. Consent was provided for 49 out of 51 participants in the restrictive temperature group, but only for 38 out of 49 participants in the permissive temperature group. A separation of 0.5 °C (95% confidence interval 0.2 °C to 0.8 °C) between groups was achieved. A high completeness of outcome measures was achieved. Sixty parents of 57 children took part in interviews and/or completed questionnaires and 98 clinicians took part in focus groups or completed a survey. Parents and clinicians found the pilot RCT and RWPC acceptable. Concerns about children being in pain/discomfort were cited as reasons for withdrawal and non-consent by parents and non-adherence to the protocol by clinicians., Limitations: Different recruitment periods for observational and pilot studies may not fully reflect the population that is eligible for a definitive RCT., Conclusions: The results identified barriers to delivering the definitive FEVER RCT, including acceptability of the permissive temperature threshold. The findings also provided insight into how these barriers may be overcome, such as by limiting the patient inclusion criteria to invasive ventilation only and by improved site training. A definitive FEVER RCT using a modified protocol should be conducted, but further work is required to agree important outcome measures for clinical trials among critically ill children., Trial Registration: The FEVER observational study is registered as NCT03028818 and the FEVER pilot RCT is registered as Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN16022198., Funding: This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment ; Vol. 23, No. 5. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information., Competing Interests: Mark J Peters is a member of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment General Board. Kathryn M Rowan is a member of the NIHR Health Services and Delivery Research Board.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Characterising skeletal muscle haemoglobin saturation during exercise using near-infrared spectroscopy in chronic kidney disease.
- Author
-
Wilkinson TJ, White AEM, Nixon DGD, Gould DW, Watson EL, and Smith AC
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Anaerobic Threshold, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 complications, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 physiopathology, Exercise Test, Female, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Healthy Volunteers, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myoglobin analysis, Myoglobin metabolism, Oxygen Consumption, Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared, Exercise, Hemoglobins metabolism, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic metabolism
- Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have reduced exercise capacity. Possible contributing factors may include impaired muscle O
2 utilisation through reduced mitochondria number and/or function slowing the restoration of muscle ATP concentrations via oxidative phosphorylation. Using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), we explored changes in skeletal muscle haemoglobin/myoglobin O2 saturation (SMO2 %) during exercise., Methods: 24 CKD patients [58.3 (± 16.5) years, eGFR 56.4 (± 22.3) ml/min/1.73 m2 ] completed the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) as a marker of exercise capacity. Using NIRS, SMO2 % was measured continuously before, during, and after (recovery) exercise. Exploratory differences were investigated between exercise capacity tertiles in CKD, and compared with six healthy controls., Results: We identified two discrete phases; a decline in SMO2 % during incremental exercise, followed by rapid increase upon cessation (recovery). Compared to patients with low exercise capacity [distance walked during ISWT, 269.0 (± 35.9) m], patients with a higher exercise capacity [727.1 (± 38.1) m] took 45% longer to reach their minimum SMO2 % (P = .038) and recovered (half-time recovery) 79% faster (P = .046). Compared to controls, CKD patients took significantly 56% longer to recover (i.e., restore SMO2 % to baseline, full recovery) (P = .014)., Conclusions: Using NIRS, we have determined for the first time in CKD, that favourable SMO2 % kinetics (slower deoxygenation rate, quicker recovery) are associated with greater exercise capacity. These dysfunctional kinetics may indicate reduced mitochondria capacity to perform oxidative phosphorylation-a process essential for carrying out even simple activities of daily living. Accordingly, NIRS may provide a simple, low cost, and non-invasive means to evaluate muscle O2 kinetics in CKD.- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.