29 results on '"Gourzones, Claire"'
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2. Targeting the methyltransferase SETD8 impairs tumor cell survival and overcomes drug resistance independently of p53 status in multiple myeloma
- Author
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Herviou, Laurie, Ovejero, Sara, Izard, Fanny, Karmous-Gadacha, Ouissem, Gourzones, Claire, Bellanger, Celine, De Smedt, Eva, Ma, Anqi, Vincent, Laure, Cartron, Guillaume, Jin, Jian, De Bruyne, Elke, Grimaud, Charlotte, Julien, Eric, and Moreaux, Jérôme
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Biological Tools for NPC Population Screening and Disease Monitoring
- Author
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Gourzones, Claire, Ferrand, François-Régis, Vérillaud, Benjamin, Busson, Pierre, and Busson, Pierre, editor
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Cellular Interactions in Nasopharyngeal Carcinomas
- Author
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Gourzones, Claire, Klibi-Benlagha, Jihène, Friboulet, Luc, Jlidi, Rachid, Busson, Pierre, and Busson, Pierre, editor
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Epstein-Barr Virus and the Pathogenesis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinomas
- Author
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Gourzones, Claire, Busson, Pierre, Raab-Traub, Nancy, and Busson, Pierre, editor
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Host–tumor interactions in nasopharyngeal carcinomas
- Author
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Gourzones, Claire, Barjon, Clément, and Busson, Pierre
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Genomic Characterization of in Vitro Acquired-Resistance to Proteasome Inhibitors
- Author
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De Boussac, Hugues, primary, Kassambara, Alboukadel, additional, Machura, Amelie, additional, Chemlal, Djamila, additional, Gourzones, Claire, additional, Requirand, Guilhem, additional, Robert, Nicolas, additional, Vincent, Laure, additional, Herbaux, Charles, additional, Bruyer, Angélique, additional, and Moreaux, Jerome, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. ADQuant1.Tn5 Tutorial
- Author
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Dmitriev, Petr and Gourzones, Claire
- Subjects
GeneralLiterature_INTRODUCTORYANDSURVEY - Abstract
Tutorial
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Additional file 2 of Targeting the methyltransferase SETD8 impairs tumor cell survival and overcomes drug resistance independently of p53 status in multiple myeloma
- Author
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Herviou, Laurie, Ovejero, Sara, Izard, Fanny, Karmous-Gadacha, Ouissem, Gourzones, Claire, Bellanger, Celine, De Smedt, Eva, Ma, Anqi, Vincent, Laure, Cartron, Guillaume, Jin, Jian, De Bruyne, Elke, Grimaud, Charlotte, Julien, Eric, and Moreaux, Jérôme
- Abstract
Additional file 2. Legends of supplementary Figures.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Repetitive saliva‐based mass screening as a tool for controlling SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission in nursing homes
- Author
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Saegerman, Claude, primary, Donneau, Anne‐Françoise, additional, Speybroeck, Niko, additional, Diep, Anh Nguyet, additional, Williams, Alexandria, additional, Stamatakis, Lambert, additional, Coppieters, Wouter, additional, Michel, Fabienne, additional, Breuer, Christophe, additional, Dandoy, Margaux, additional, Ek, Olivier, additional, Gourzones, Claire, additional, Schyns, Joey, additional, Goffin, Emeline, additional, Minner, Frédéric, additional, Renault, Véronique, additional, Gillet, Laurent, additional, and Bureau, Fabrice, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Repetitive saliva‐based mass screening as a tool for controlling SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission in nursing homes
- Author
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UCL - SSS/IRSS - Institut de recherche santé et société, Saegerman, Claude, Donneau, Anne‐Françoise, Speybroeck, Niko, Diep, Anh Nguyet, Williams, Alexandria, Stamatakis, Lambert, Coppieters, Wouter, Michel, Fabienne, Breuer, Christophe, Dandoy, Margaux, Ek, Olivier, Gourzones, Claire, Schyns, Joey, Goffin, Emeline, Minner, Frédéric, Renault, Véronique, Gillet, Laurent, Bureau, Fabrice, UCL - SSS/IRSS - Institut de recherche santé et société, Saegerman, Claude, Donneau, Anne‐Françoise, Speybroeck, Niko, Diep, Anh Nguyet, Williams, Alexandria, Stamatakis, Lambert, Coppieters, Wouter, Michel, Fabienne, Breuer, Christophe, Dandoy, Margaux, Ek, Olivier, Gourzones, Claire, Schyns, Joey, Goffin, Emeline, Minner, Frédéric, Renault, Véronique, Gillet, Laurent, and Bureau, Fabrice
- Abstract
Nursing home (NH) residents and staff have been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to examine the use of weekly saliva RT-qPCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 detection among NH workers as a strategy to control disease transmission within NHs in Belgium. From 16 November to 27 December 2020, a voluntary and anonymous weekly screening was implemented in a cohort of 50,000 workers across 572 NHs in the Walloon region of Belgium to detect asymptomatic cases of SARS-CoV-2 via saliva RT-qPCR testing and using the Diagenode saliva sample collection device. Positive workers were isolated to avoid subsequent infections in residents and other staff. RT-qPCR testing was based on pooled saliva sampling techniques from three workers, followed by individual testing of each positive or inconclusive pool. The majority of NHs (85%) and 55% of their workers participated. Pooling did not affect sensitivity as it only induced a very decrease in sensitivity estimated as 0.33%. Significant decreases in the prevalence (34.4–13.4%) and incidence of NHs with either single (13.8–2%) or multiple positive workers (3.7–0%) were observed over time. In addition, deaths among NH residents and NH worker absences decreased significantly over time. Weekly saliva RT-qPCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 demonstrated large-scale feasibility and efficacy in disrupting the chain of transmission. Implementation of this testing strategy in NHs could also be extended to other settings with the aim to control viral transmission for maintaining essential activities.
- Published
- 2021
12. Repetitive saliva‐based mass screening as a tool for controlling SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission in nursing homes.
- Author
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Saegerman, Claude, Donneau, Anne‐Françoise, Speybroeck, Niko, Diep, Anh Nguyet, Williams, Alexandria, Stamatakis, Lambert, Coppieters, Wouter, Michel, Fabienne, Breuer, Christophe, Dandoy, Margaux, Ek, Olivier, Gourzones, Claire, Schyns, Joey, Goffin, Emeline, Minner, Frédéric, Renault, Véronique, Gillet, Laurent, and Bureau, Fabrice
- Subjects
SALIVA analysis ,NURSING care facilities ,SARS-CoV-2 ,VIRAL transmission ,INFECTIOUS disease transmission ,SALIVA ,COVID-19 pandemic ,NURSING home residents - Abstract
Nursing home (NH) residents and staff have been severely affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to examine the use of weekly saliva RT‐qPCR testing for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection among NH workers as a strategy to control disease transmission within NHs in Belgium. From 16 November to 27 December 2020, a voluntary and anonymous weekly screening was implemented in a cohort of 50,000 workers across 572 NHs in the Walloon region of Belgium to detect asymptomatic cases of SARS‐CoV‐2 via saliva RT‐qPCR testing and using the Diagenode saliva sample collection device. Positive workers were isolated to avoid subsequent infections in residents and other staff. RT‐qPCR testing was based on pooled saliva sampling techniques from three workers, followed by individual testing of each positive or inconclusive pool. The majority of NHs (85%) and 55% of their workers participated. Pooling did not affect sensitivity as it only induced a very decrease in sensitivity estimated as 0.33%. Significant decreases in the prevalence (34.4–13.4%) and incidence of NHs with either single (13.8–2%) or multiple positive workers (3.7–0%) were observed over time. In addition, deaths among NH residents and NH worker absences decreased significantly over time. Weekly saliva RT‐qPCR testing for SARS‐CoV‐2 demonstrated large‐scale feasibility and efficacy in disrupting the chain of transmission. Implementation of this testing strategy in NHs could also be extended to other settings with the aim to control viral transmission for maintaining essential activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Profiling of Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded MicroRNAs in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Reveals Potential Biomarkers and Oncomirs
- Author
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Gourzones, Claire, Jimenez, Anne-Sophie, and Busson, Pierre
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Targeting the methyltransferase SETD8 impairs tumor cell survival and overcomes drug resistance independently of p53 status in multiple myeloma
- Author
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Herviou, Laurie, primary, Izard, Fanny, additional, Karmous-Gadacha, Ouissem, additional, Gourzones, Claire, additional, Bellanger, Celine, additional, Desmedt, Eva, additional, Ma, Anqi, additional, Vincent, Laure, additional, Cartron, Guillaume, additional, Vanderkerken, Karin, additional, Jin, Jian, additional, De Bruyne, Elke, additional, Grimaud, Charlotte, additional, Julien, Eric, additional, and Moreaux, Jérôme, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Treatment May Be Harmful: Mechanisms/Prediction/Prevention of Drug-Induced DNA Damage and Repair in Multiple Myeloma
- Author
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Gourzones, Claire, primary, Bret, Caroline, additional, and Moreaux, Jerome, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Kinome expression profiling to target new therapeutic avenues in multiple myeloma
- Author
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de Boussac, Hugues, primary, Bruyer, Angélique, additional, Jourdan, Michel, additional, Maes, Anke, additional, Robert, Nicolas, additional, Gourzones, Claire, additional, Vincent, Laure, additional, Seckinger, Anja, additional, Cartron, Guillaume, additional, Hose, Dirk, additional, De Bruyne, Elke, additional, Kassambara, Alboukadel, additional, Pasero, Philippe, additional, and Moreaux, Jérôme, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Rapid obtention of stable, bioluminescent tumor cell lines using a tCD2-luciferase chimeric construct
- Author
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Gourzones Claire, Wei Ming, Barjon Clément, Gressette Mélanie, Jimenez Anne-Sophie, and Busson Pierre
- Subjects
Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Abstract Background Bioluminescent tumor cell lines are experimental tools of major importance for cancer investigation, especially imaging of tumors in xenografted animals. Stable expression of exogenous luciferase in tumor cells combined to systemic injection of luciferin provides an excellent signal/background ratio for external optical imaging. Therefore, there is a need to rationalize and speed up the production of luciferase-positive tumor cell lines representative of multiple tumor phenotypes. For this aim we have designed a fusion gene linking the luciferase 2 protein to the c-terminus of a truncated form of the rat CD2 protein (tCD2-luc2). To allow simultaneous assessment of the wild-type luciferase 2 in a context of tCD2 co-expression, we have made a bicistronic construct for concomitant but separate expression of these two proteins (luc2-IRES-tCD2). Both the mono- and bi-cistronic constructs were transduced in lymphoid and epithelial cells using lentiviral vectors. Results The tCD2-luc2 chimera behaves as a type I membrane protein with surface presentation of CD2 epitopes. One of these epitopes reacts with the OX34, a widely spread, high affinity monoclonal antibody. Stably transfected cells are sorted by flow cytometry on the basis of OX34 staining. In vitro and, moreover, in xenografted tumors, the tCD2-luc2 chimera retains a substantial and stable luciferase activity, although not as high as the wild-type luciferase expressed from the luc2-IRES-tCD2 construct. Expression of the tCD2-luc2 chimera does not harm cell and tumor growth. Conclusion Lentiviral transduction of the chimeric tCD2-luc2 fusion gene allows selection of cell clones with stable luciferase expression in less than seven days without antibiotic selection. We believe that it will be helpful to increase the number of tumor cell lines available for in vivo imaging and assessment of novel therapeutic modalities. On a longer term, the tCD2-luc2 chimera has the potential to be expressed from multi-cassette vectors in combination with various inserts of interest.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Extra-cellular release and blood diffusion of BART viral micro-RNAs produced by EBV-infected nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
- Author
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Baconnais Sonia, Amiel Corinne, Schneider Véronique, Témam Stéphane, Lang Philippe, Guigay Joël, Vérillaud Benjamin, Klibi Jihène, Bombik Izabela, Gelin Aurore, Gourzones Claire, Jimenez Anne-Sophie, and Busson Pierre
- Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a human epithelial malignancy consistently associated with the Epstein-Barr virus. The viral genome is contained in the nuclei of all malignant cells with abundant transcription of a family of viral microRNAs called BART miRNAs. MicroRNAs are well known intra-cellular regulatory elements of gene expression. In addition, they are often exported in the extra-cellular space and sometimes transferred in recipient cells distinct from the producer cells. Extra-cellular transport of the microRNAs is facilitated by various processes including association with protective proteins and packaging in secreted nanovesicles called exosomes. Presence of microRNAS produced by malignant cells has been reported in the blood and saliva of tumor-bearing patients, especially patients diagnosed with glioblastoma or ovarian carcinoma. In this context, it was decided to investigate extra-cellular release of BART miRNAs by NPC cells and their possible detection in the blood of NPC patients. To address this question, we investigated by quantitative RT-PCR the status of 5 microRNAs from the BART family in exosomes released by NPC cells in vitro as well as in plasma samples from NPC xenografted nude mice and NPC patients. Results We report that the BART miRNAs are released in the extra-cellular space by NPC cells being associated, at least to a large extent, with secreted exosomes. They are detected with a good selectivity in plasma samples from NPC xenografted nude mice as well as NPC patients. Conclusions Viral BART miRNAs are secreted by NPC cells in vitro and in vivo. They have enough stability to diffuse from the tumor site to the peripheral blood. This study provides a basis to explore their potential as a source of novel tumor biomarkers and their possible role in communications between malignant and non-malignant cells.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Poly(I:C) induces intense expression of c-IAP2 and cooperates with an IAP inhibitor in induction of apoptosis in cancer cells
- Author
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Uzan Catherine, Témam Stéphane, Paturel Carine, Morel Yannis, Tsao Sai, Gourzones Claire, Friboulet Luc, and Busson Pierre
- Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background There is increasing evidence that the toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is an interesting target for anti-cancer therapy. Unfortunately, most laboratory investigations about the impact of TLR3 stimulation on human malignant cells have been performed with very high concentrations - 5 to 100 μg/ml - of the prototype TLR3 ligand, poly(I:C). In a previous study focused on a specific type of human carcinoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - we have shown that concentrations of poly(I:C) as low as 100 ng/ml are sufficient to induce apoptosis of malignant cells when combined to a pharmacological antagonist of the IAP family based on Smac mimicry. Methods This observation prompted us to investigate the contribution of the IAP family in cell response to poly(I:C) in a variety of human malignant cell types. Results We report a rapid, intense and selective increase in c-IAP2 protein expression observed under stimulation by poly(I:C)(500 ng/ml) in all types of human malignant cells. In most cell types, this change in protein expression is underlain by an increase in c-IAP2 transcripts and dependent on the TLR3/TRIF pathway. When poly(I:C) is combined to the IAP inhibitor RMT 5265, a cooperative effect in apoptosis induction and/or inhibition of clonogenic growth is obtained in a large fraction of carcinoma and melanoma cell lines. Conclusions Currently, IAP inhibitors like RMT 5265 and poly(I:C) are the subject of separate therapeutic trials. In light of our observations, combined use of both types of compounds should be considered for treatment of human malignancies including carcinomas and melanomas.
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- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Antioxidant Defenses Confer Resistance to High Dose Melphalan in Multiple Myeloma Cells
- Author
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Gourzones, Claire, primary, Bellanger, Céline, additional, Lamure, Sylvain, additional, Gadacha, Ouissem, additional, De Paco, Elvira, additional, Vincent, Laure, additional, Cartron, Guillaume, additional, Klein, Bernard, additional, and Moreaux, Jérôme, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Libération extra-cellulaire de microARN et de complexes nucléo-protéiques par les cellules infectées par EBV : rôle des exosomes et d’autres transporteurs
- Author
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Gourzones, Claire, Interactions moléculaires et cancer (IMC (UMR 8126)), Signalisation, noyaux et innovations en cancérologie (UMR8126), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, and Pierre Busson
- Subjects
Biomarqueurs ,Nasopharyngeal carcinomas ,MicroARN ,MicroRNA ,[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer ,Carcinomes naso-pharyngés ,Exosomes ,PARP1 ,Complexes nucléo-protéiques ,Ebv-miR-BART7 ,Nucleoprotein complexes ,EBV ,LMP1 ,Biomarkers - Abstract
The study of tumoral microenvironment should take into account different modes of intercellular communications: direct contacts between extracellular membranes, secretion and uptake of cytokines and finally emission and uptake of complex biological objects like exosomes and microvesicles.Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with several human malignancies of epithelial origin (Nasopharyngeal carcinoma or NPC) or of lymphoïd origin (post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder or PTLD). In these tumors, malignant cells are latently infected by EBV and release exosomes and microvesicles containing viral nucleic acids and proteins. Studying them will enable a better understanding of tumor-host interactions and the discovery of new markers which could be useful for early diagnostic and the follow-up of the disease under treatment.The first aim of this thesis was to study the release by malignant cells of EBV microRNAs belonging to the BART family and their blood diffusion in patients bearing NPC tumors. For the first time, I’ve shown that exosomes released by NPC cells in vitro contain EBV miR-BART microRNAs. Moreover, ebv-miR-BART7 can be detected in the plasma of NPC patients. Unlike what is observed in vitro, circulating BART microRNAs are not carried by exosomes. Recent data from studies in xenografted mice show that they are carried by extra-cellular complexes which can be immunoprecipitated by anti-Ago2 antibodies. We are currently trying to confirm these data in plasma from NPC patients. This work will ease the use of miR-BARTs as potential biomarkers.The second aim was to study the proteome modifications induced by the EBV Latent Membrane Protein 1 protein (LMP1). I’ve shown that LMP1 expression in lymphoid or epithelial cells infected or not by EBV induces the release of PARP1 in the extra-cellular space. This extra-cellular PARP1 is not carried by exosomes or microvesicles but is embedded in non-vesicular nano-objects containing histones and DNA. We have called these objects “DNA-proteins complexes”. We don’t know how they are produced and released by cells. We think that they are not only secreted by apoptotic cells. Recent data show that this release of extra-cellular PARP1 is associated with PARP1 activation by LMP1 oncoprotein expression. We are trying to prove this hypothesis using cell lines expressing wild type or mutated LMP1. The release and the activation of PARP1 induced by LMP1 expression will help to understand the mechanisms of EBV-associated oncogenesis and auto-immunity.; En pathologie tumorale, l’étude du micro-environnement tumoral doit prendre en compte différents modes de communication cellulaire : contacts directs entre membranes plasmiques, émission et réception de cytokines et enfin émission et internalisation d’objets biologiques plus complexes comme les microvésicules et les exosomes qui peuvent être assimilés à de véritables organites extra-cellulaires. Le virus d’Epstein-Barr (EBV) participe à l’oncogenèse de plusieurs affections malignes humaines d’origine épithéliale (carcinomes nasopharyngés ou NPC) ou lymphocytaire (lymphomes post-transplantation). Dans ces tumeurs, les cellules malignes qui sont infectées de façon latente par EBV libèrent des exosomes et des microvésicules qui contiennent des protéines et des acides nucléiques d’origine virale. L’étude de ces éléments doit permettre de mieux comprendre les interactions hôte-tumeur et de mettre en évidence de nouveaux biomarqueurs utiles pour le diagnostic précoce et la surveillance de la maladie sous traitement. Le premier objectif de ma thèse consistait à étudier la sécrétion par les cellules malignes d’une famille de microARN viraux appelés miR-BART et leur diffusion dans le sang périphérique chez les sujets porteurs de tumeurs associées à EBV. Pour la première fois j’ai mis en évidence une sécrétion d’exosomes porteurs de miR-BART par les cellules de NPC en culture in vitro. J’ai également montré que les miR-BART, particulièrement miR-BART7, sont détectables dans le plasma de sujets porteurs de NPC. Contrairement à ce qui se passe in vitro les miR-BART plasmatiques ne sont pas transportés par des exosomes. Des données obtenues chez la souris montrent qu’ils peuvent être transportés par des complexes extra-cellulaires que l’on peut précipiter au moyen d’anticorps anti-ago2. Nous cherchons à confirmer ces données sur des échantillons de plasma provenant de patients porteurs de NPC. Ces données pourront guider à l’avenir l’utilisation des miR-BART circulants comme source de biomarqueurs.Le deuxième volet de ma thèse avait pour but d’étudier les modifications du protéome des exosomes induites par une oncoprotéine du virus d’Epstein-Barr appelée LMP1 (latent membrane protein 1). J’ai montré que la LMP1, lorsqu’elle est exprimée dans les cellules lymphocytaires ou épithéliales, infectées ou non par EBV, induit la libération de la protéine PARP1 dans le milieu extra-cellulaire. Cette PARP1 extra-cellulaire n’est pas associée aux exosomes ni aux microvésicules mais à des nano-objets non-vésiculaires contenant notamment des histones et de l’ADN. Nous avons désignés ces objets sous le terme de complexes ADN-protéines extra-cellulaires. Nous ne savons presque rien de la biogenèse de ces complexes ; nous pensons qu’ils ne proviennent pas uniquement de cellules en apoptose. En revanche, des expériences préliminaires suggèrent que la présence de PARP1 dans ces complexes coïncide avec une activation permanente de la PARP1 induite dans les cellules productrices par l’expression de l’oncoprotéine LMP1. Cette hypothèse est en cours de vérification grâce à des expériences menées sur des lignées cellulaires exprimant différentes formes sauvages ou mutées de la LMP1. Ces données sur l’activation de la PARP1 et sur sa sécrétion induite par la LMP1 auront des retombées intéressantes pour notre compréhension des mécanismes d’oncogenèse et d’auto-immunité liés à l’infection par le virus d’Epstein-Barr.
- Published
- 2011
22. Extra-cellular release of microRNA and nucleoprotein complexes by malignant cells infected by EBV : role of exosomes and other carriers
- Author
-
Gourzones, Claire, Interactions moléculaires et cancer (IMC (UMR 8126)), Signalisation, noyaux et innovations en cancérologie (UMR8126), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, and Pierre Busson
- Subjects
Biomarqueurs ,Nasopharyngeal carcinomas ,MicroARN ,MicroRNA ,[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer ,Carcinomes naso-pharyngés ,Exosomes ,PARP1 ,Complexes nucléo-protéiques ,Ebv-miR-BART7 ,Nucleoprotein complexes ,EBV ,LMP1 ,Biomarkers - Abstract
The study of tumoral microenvironment should take into account different modes of intercellular communications: direct contacts between extracellular membranes, secretion and uptake of cytokines and finally emission and uptake of complex biological objects like exosomes and microvesicles.Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with several human malignancies of epithelial origin (Nasopharyngeal carcinoma or NPC) or of lymphoïd origin (post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder or PTLD). In these tumors, malignant cells are latently infected by EBV and release exosomes and microvesicles containing viral nucleic acids and proteins. Studying them will enable a better understanding of tumor-host interactions and the discovery of new markers which could be useful for early diagnostic and the follow-up of the disease under treatment.The first aim of this thesis was to study the release by malignant cells of EBV microRNAs belonging to the BART family and their blood diffusion in patients bearing NPC tumors. For the first time, I’ve shown that exosomes released by NPC cells in vitro contain EBV miR-BART microRNAs. Moreover, ebv-miR-BART7 can be detected in the plasma of NPC patients. Unlike what is observed in vitro, circulating BART microRNAs are not carried by exosomes. Recent data from studies in xenografted mice show that they are carried by extra-cellular complexes which can be immunoprecipitated by anti-Ago2 antibodies. We are currently trying to confirm these data in plasma from NPC patients. This work will ease the use of miR-BARTs as potential biomarkers.The second aim was to study the proteome modifications induced by the EBV Latent Membrane Protein 1 protein (LMP1). I’ve shown that LMP1 expression in lymphoid or epithelial cells infected or not by EBV induces the release of PARP1 in the extra-cellular space. This extra-cellular PARP1 is not carried by exosomes or microvesicles but is embedded in non-vesicular nano-objects containing histones and DNA. We have called these objects “DNA-proteins complexes”. We don’t know how they are produced and released by cells. We think that they are not only secreted by apoptotic cells. Recent data show that this release of extra-cellular PARP1 is associated with PARP1 activation by LMP1 oncoprotein expression. We are trying to prove this hypothesis using cell lines expressing wild type or mutated LMP1. The release and the activation of PARP1 induced by LMP1 expression will help to understand the mechanisms of EBV-associated oncogenesis and auto-immunity.; En pathologie tumorale, l’étude du micro-environnement tumoral doit prendre en compte différents modes de communication cellulaire : contacts directs entre membranes plasmiques, émission et réception de cytokines et enfin émission et internalisation d’objets biologiques plus complexes comme les microvésicules et les exosomes qui peuvent être assimilés à de véritables organites extra-cellulaires. Le virus d’Epstein-Barr (EBV) participe à l’oncogenèse de plusieurs affections malignes humaines d’origine épithéliale (carcinomes nasopharyngés ou NPC) ou lymphocytaire (lymphomes post-transplantation). Dans ces tumeurs, les cellules malignes qui sont infectées de façon latente par EBV libèrent des exosomes et des microvésicules qui contiennent des protéines et des acides nucléiques d’origine virale. L’étude de ces éléments doit permettre de mieux comprendre les interactions hôte-tumeur et de mettre en évidence de nouveaux biomarqueurs utiles pour le diagnostic précoce et la surveillance de la maladie sous traitement. Le premier objectif de ma thèse consistait à étudier la sécrétion par les cellules malignes d’une famille de microARN viraux appelés miR-BART et leur diffusion dans le sang périphérique chez les sujets porteurs de tumeurs associées à EBV. Pour la première fois j’ai mis en évidence une sécrétion d’exosomes porteurs de miR-BART par les cellules de NPC en culture in vitro. J’ai également montré que les miR-BART, particulièrement miR-BART7, sont détectables dans le plasma de sujets porteurs de NPC. Contrairement à ce qui se passe in vitro les miR-BART plasmatiques ne sont pas transportés par des exosomes. Des données obtenues chez la souris montrent qu’ils peuvent être transportés par des complexes extra-cellulaires que l’on peut précipiter au moyen d’anticorps anti-ago2. Nous cherchons à confirmer ces données sur des échantillons de plasma provenant de patients porteurs de NPC. Ces données pourront guider à l’avenir l’utilisation des miR-BART circulants comme source de biomarqueurs.Le deuxième volet de ma thèse avait pour but d’étudier les modifications du protéome des exosomes induites par une oncoprotéine du virus d’Epstein-Barr appelée LMP1 (latent membrane protein 1). J’ai montré que la LMP1, lorsqu’elle est exprimée dans les cellules lymphocytaires ou épithéliales, infectées ou non par EBV, induit la libération de la protéine PARP1 dans le milieu extra-cellulaire. Cette PARP1 extra-cellulaire n’est pas associée aux exosomes ni aux microvésicules mais à des nano-objets non-vésiculaires contenant notamment des histones et de l’ADN. Nous avons désignés ces objets sous le terme de complexes ADN-protéines extra-cellulaires. Nous ne savons presque rien de la biogenèse de ces complexes ; nous pensons qu’ils ne proviennent pas uniquement de cellules en apoptose. En revanche, des expériences préliminaires suggèrent que la présence de PARP1 dans ces complexes coïncide avec une activation permanente de la PARP1 induite dans les cellules productrices par l’expression de l’oncoprotéine LMP1. Cette hypothèse est en cours de vérification grâce à des expériences menées sur des lignées cellulaires exprimant différentes formes sauvages ou mutées de la LMP1. Ces données sur l’activation de la PARP1 et sur sa sécrétion induite par la LMP1 auront des retombées intéressantes pour notre compréhension des mécanismes d’oncogenèse et d’auto-immunité liés à l’infection par le virus d’Epstein-Barr.
- Published
- 2011
23. Consistent high concentration of the viral microRNA BART17 in plasma samples from nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients - evidence of non-exosomal transport
- Author
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Gourzones, Claire, primary, Ferrand, François-Régis, additional, Amiel, Corinne, additional, Vérillaud, Benjamin, additional, Barat, Ana, additional, Guérin, Maryse, additional, Gattolliat, Charles-Henry, additional, Gelin, Aurore, additional, Klibi, Jihène, additional, Chaaben, Arij Ben, additional, Schneider, Véronique, additional, Guemira, Fethi, additional, Guigay, Joël, additional, Lang, Philippe, additional, Jimenez-Pailhes, Anne-Sophie, additional, and Busson, Pierre, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Rapid obtention of stable, bioluminescent tumor cell lines using a tCD2-luciferase chimeric construct
- Author
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Jimenez, Anne-Sophie, primary, Gressette, Mélanie, additional, Barjon, Clément, additional, Wei, Ming, additional, Gourzones, Claire, additional, and Busson, Pierre, additional
- Published
- 2011
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- View/download PDF
25. Extra-cellular release and blood diffusion of BART viral micro-RNAs produced by EBV-infected nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
- Author
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Gourzones, Claire, primary, Gelin, Aurore, additional, Bombik, Izabela, additional, Klibi, Jihène, additional, Vérillaud, Benjamin, additional, Guigay, Joël, additional, Lang, Philippe, additional, Témam, Stéphane, additional, Schneider, Véronique, additional, Amiel, Corinne, additional, Baconnais, Sonia, additional, Jimenez, Anne-Sophie, additional, and Busson, Pierre, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Poly(I:C) induces intense expression of c-IAP2 and cooperates with an IAP inhibitor in induction of apoptosis in cancer cells
- Author
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Friboulet, Luc, primary, Gourzones, Claire, additional, Tsao, Sai Wah, additional, Morel, Yannis, additional, Paturel, Carine, additional, Témam, Stéphane, additional, Uzan, Catherine, additional, and Busson, Pierre, additional
- Published
- 2010
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27. Poly(I:C) induces intense expression of c-IAP2 andcooperates with an IAP inhibitor in induction ofapoptosis in cancer cells.
- Author
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Friboulet, Luc, Gourzones, Claire, Sai Wah Tsao, Morel, Yannis, Paturel, Carine, Témam, Stéphane, Uzan, Catherine, and Busson, Pierre
- Subjects
CANCER treatment ,CANCER cells ,MELANOMA ,CELL lines ,APOPTOSIS - Abstract
Background: There is increasing evidence that the toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is an interesting target for anti-cancer therapy. Unfortunately, most laboratory investigations about the impact of TLR3 stimulation on human malignant cells have been performed with very high concentrations - 5 to 100 μg/ml - of the prototype TLR3 ligand, poly(I:C). In a previous study focused on a specific type of human carcinoma - nasopharyngeal carcinoma - we have shown that concentrations of poly(I:C) as low as 100 ng/ml are sufficient to induce apoptosis of malignant cells when combined to a pharmacological antagonist of the IAP family based on Smac mimicry. Methods: This observation prompted us to investigate the contribution of the IAP family in cell response to poly(I:C) in a variety of human malignant cell types. Results: We report a rapid, intense and selective increase in c-IAP2 protein expression observed under stimulation by poly(I:C)(500 ng/ml) in all types of human malignant cells. In most cell types, this change in protein expression is underlain by an increase in c-IAP2 transcripts and dependent on the TLR3/TRIF pathway. When poly(I:C) is combined to the IAP inhibitor RMT 5265, a cooperative effect in apoptosis induction and/or inhibition of clonogenic growth is obtained in a large fraction of carcinoma and melanoma cell lines. Conclusions: Currently, IAP inhibitors like RMT 5265 and poly(I:C) are the subject of separate therapeutic trials. In light of our observations, combined use of both types of compounds should be considered for treatment of human malignancies including carcinomas and melanomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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28. Genomic Characterization of in VitroAcquired-Resistance to Proteasome Inhibitors
- Author
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De Boussac, Hugues, Kassambara, Alboukadel, Machura, Amelie, Chemlal, Djamila, Gourzones, Claire, Requirand, Guilhem, Robert, Nicolas, Vincent, Laure, Herbaux, Charles, Bruyer, Angélique, and Moreaux, Jerome
- Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy characterized by an abnormal clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells. Despite the introduction of novels agents that have significantly improved clinical outcomes, MM patients invariably relapse. A better understanding of the drug resistance mechanisms and development of biomarkers remain of major interest to improve the treatment of patients.
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- 2021
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29. Kinome expression profiling to target new therapeutic avenues in multiple myeloma.
- Author
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de Boussac H, Bruyer A, Jourdan M, Maes A, Robert N, Gourzones C, Vincent L, Seckinger A, Cartron G, Hose D, De Bruyne E, Kassambara A, Pasero P, and Moreaux J
- Subjects
- Cell Cycle Proteins, Humans, Immunologic Factors, Lenalidomide, Melphalan, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics, Multiple Myeloma drug therapy, Multiple Myeloma genetics
- Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) account for approximately 10% of hematological malignancies and is the second most common hematological disorder. Kinases inhibitors are widely used and their efficiency for the treatment of cancers has been demonstrated. Here, in order to identify kinases of potential therapeutic interest for the treatment of MM, we investigated the prognostic impact of the kinome expression profile in large cohorts of patients. We identified 36 kinome-related genes significantly linked with a prognostic value to MM, and built a kinome index based on their expression. The Kinome Index (KI) is linked to prognosis, proliferation, differentiation, and relapse in MM. We then tested inhibitors targeting seven of the identified protein kinas-es (PBK, SRPK1, CDC7-DBF4, MELK, CHK1, PLK4, MPS1/TTK) in human myeloma cell lines. All tested inhibitors significantly reduced the viability of myeloma cell lines, and we confirmed the potential clinical interest of three of them on primary myeloma cells from patients. In addition, we demonstrated their ability to potentialize the toxicity of conventional treatments, including Melphalan and Lenalidomide. This highlights their potential beneficial effect in myeloma therapy. Three kinases inhibitors (CHK1i, MELKi and PBKi) overcome resistance to Lenalidomide, while CHK1, PBK and DBF4 inhibitors re-sensitize Melphalan resistant cell line to this conventional therapeutic agent. Altogether, we demonstrate that kinase inhibitors could be of therapeutic interest especially in high-risk myeloma patients defined by the KI. CHEK1, MELK, PLK4, SRPK1, CDC7-DBF4, MPS1/TTK and PBK inhibitors could represent new treatment options either alone or in combination with Melphalan or IMiD for refractory/relapsing myeloma patients., (Copyright© 2020 Ferrata Storti Foundation.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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