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Mu2e at Fermilab will search for charged lepton flavor violation via thecoherent conversion process mu- N --> e- N with a sensitivity approximatelyfour orders of magnitude better than the current world's best limits for thisprocess. The experiment's sensitivity offers discovery potential over a widearray of new physics models and probes mass scales well beyond the reach of theLHC. We describe herein the conceptual design of the proposed Mu2e experiment.This document was created in partial fulfillment of the requirements necessaryto obtain DOE CD-1 approval, which was granted July 11, 2012.

O ivermectin, antiparasitário amplamente utilizado em caprinos jovens, foi avaliado sobre nematódeos gastrintestinais, em todas as fases parasitárias. Doze caprinos jovens, naturalmente parasitados foram utilizados no experimento, sendo um grupo de seis animais medicado com ivermectin, na dose de 200µg.kg-1 v.o. e o outro grupo utilizado como controle. Para a avaliação, utilizou-se o teste de redução na contagem de ovos (FECR), redução de larvas infectantes e carga parasitária. Amostras fecais de caprinos foram coletadas no dia da medicação (dia zero), aos sete e catorze dias. No décimo quarto dia pós-medicação, todos os caprinos foram sacrificados, para a coleta de helmintos e cálculo da carga parasitária total. A redução do número de ovos (FECR) e a eficácia sobre adultos foi de 42,10 % e 32,62 %, respectivamente.O gênero Haemonchus representou 100 % da população do grupo medicado e 99,58 % do grupo controle. Estes resultados indicam que os caprinos já estavam parasitados por Haemonchus resistente ao ivermectin.

The energy levels of hydrogen-like atomic systems can be calculated with great precision. Starting from their quantum mechanical solution, they have been refined over the years to include the electron spin, the relativistic and quantum field effects, and tiny energy shifts related to the complex structure of the nucleus. These energy shifts caused by the nuclear structure are vastly magnified in hydrogen-like systems formed by a negative muon and a nucleus, so spectroscopy of these muonic ions can be used to investigate the nuclear structure with high precision. Here we present the measurement of two 2S-2P transitions in the muonic helium-4 ion that yields a precise determination of the root-mean-square charge radius of the α particle of 1.67824(83) femtometres. This determination from atomic spectroscopy is in excellent agreement with the value from electron scattering 1 , but a factor of 4.8 more precise, providing a benchmark for few-nucleon theories, lattice quantum chromodynamics and electron scattering. This agreement also constrains several beyond-standard-model theories proposed to explain the proton-radius puzzle 2-5 , in line with recent determinations of the proton charge radius 6-9 , and establishes spectroscopy of light muonic atoms and ions as a precise tool for studies of nuclear properties.

The deuteron is the simplest compound nucleus, composed of one proton and one neutron. Deuteron properties such as the root-mean-square charge radius rd and the polarizability serve as important benchmarks for understanding the nuclear forces and structure. Muonic deuterium μd is the exotic atom formed by a deuteron and a negative muon μ(-). We measured three 2S-2P transitions in μd and obtain r(d) = 2.12562(78) fm, which is 2.7 times more accurate but 7.5σ smaller than the CODATA-2010 value r(d) = 2.1424(21) fm. The μd value is also 3.5σ smaller than the r(d) value from electronic deuterium spectroscopy. The smaller r(d), when combined with the electronic isotope shift, yields a "small" proton radius r(p), similar to the one from muonic hydrogen, amplifying the proton radius puzzle., (Copyright © 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science.)

Background: The clinical manifestations of amyloidosis depend on the type of insoluble protein as well as the location of amyloid deposits in tissues or organs. In the gastrointestinal tract, the small intestine is the most common site of amyloid deposits, whereas peritoneal involvement and ascites are rare., Case Report: We report on a case of ascites due to peritoneal amyloidosis. A 65-year-old patient was admitted to our institution due to anasarca and pulmonary congestion, mimicking heart failure. We started the patient on diuretics and vasodilators. Despite improvement in pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema, his ascites was not reduced. Echocardiogram revealed restrictive cardiomyopathy and a speckle-tracking pattern suggestive of cardiac amyloidosis. Subcutaneous and peritoneal biopsies revealed amyloidosis., Conclusions: Amyloidosis is rare in the peritoneum and is usually asymptomatic. Ascites occurs in only 20% of patients with peritoneal amyloidosis. We searched PubMed using "ascites" and "amyloidosis" and identified only eight case reports of amyloidosis with ascites. Physicians should be particularly careful in heart failure and anasarca cases when ascites is disproportional or not responsive to diuretic treatment. To date, there is no specific treatment for peritoneal amyloidosis.

Avalanche photodiodes are commonly used as detectors for low energy x-rays. In this work, we report on a fitting technique used to account for different detector responses resulting from photoabsorption in the various avalanche photodiode layers. The use of this technique results in an improvement of the energy resolution at 8.2 keV by up to a factor of 2 and corrects the timing information by up to 25 ns to account for space dependent electron drift time. In addition, this waveform analysis is used for particle identification, e.g., to distinguish between x-rays and MeV electrons in our experiment.

Accurate knowledge of the charge and Zemach radii of the proton is essential, not only for understanding its structure but also as input for tests of bound-state quantum electrodynamics and its predictions for the energy levels of hydrogen. These radii may be extracted from the laser spectroscopy of muonic hydrogen (μp, that is, a proton orbited by a muon). We measured the 2S(1/2)(F=0)-2P(3/2)(F=1) transition frequency in μp to be 54611.16(1.05) gigahertz (numbers in parentheses indicate one standard deviation of uncertainty) and reevaluated the 2S(1/2)(F=1)-2P(3/2)(F=2) transition frequency, yielding 49881.35(65) gigahertz. From the measurements, we determined the Zemach radius, r(Z) = 1.082(37) femtometers, and the magnetic radius, r(M) = 0.87(6) femtometer, of the proton. We also extracted the charge radius, r(E) = 0.84087(39) femtometer, with an order of magnitude more precision than the 2010-CODATA value and at 7σ variance with respect to it, thus reinforcing the proton radius puzzle.

Purpose: To report an uncommon case of multifocal choroiditis as the result of disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans infection in a patient who is HIV-positive., Design: Interventional case report., Methods: A 27-year-old HIV-positive woman with fever, headache, and vomiting was examined. Lumbar puncture was performed and revealed C neoformans infection. Her condition evolved with sudden bilateral blindness and deafness. Ophthalmologic examination revealed multiple yellowish choroidal lesions in the posterior pole of both eyes., Results: Postmortem examination showed disseminated C neoformans infection. Histologic examination of the eyes confirmed the presence of C neoformans in the choroiditis., Conclusion: Multifocal choroiditis in C neoformans infection is a rare ophthalmic manifestation. The recognition of this condition by ophthalmologists can help physicians to diagnose a disseminated and fatal disease.